Transaction mechanism and clearing method for electric power mutual replacement spot market

Abstract

The invention relates to a transaction mechanism and a clearing method for an electric power alternative spot market, and aims to solve the adjustment problem caused by access of high-proportion renewable energy in a novel electric power system. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, defining volume adjustment commodities and a transaction mechanism thereof, generating and correcting a system adjustment demand curve based on an adjustment demand curve reported by a market subject, collecting the volume adjustment quotation of each market subject to construct a clearing model, carrying out clearing by adopting an equal volume adjustment increment criterion, and determining a bid-winning volume. And dynamically adjusting the adjustment demand of the system through multiple rounds of adjustment transactions until the adjustment demand converges to zero. The method further comprises an external quantity adjustment price determination method and a transaction surplus allocation mechanism, and can eliminate the negative extrinsic property of the adjustment capability, realize the marketization configuration of the adjustment capability, improve the market operation transparency and predictability, reduce the total electricity purchase cost of the system, simplify the market clearing process, and improve the user experience. The method is suitable for a novel power system with high-proportion renewable energy access.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides a trading mechanism and clearing method for a spot market of electric power substitute products, belongs to the technical field, and particularly relates to a trading mechanism and clearing method for a spot market of electric power substitute products. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of new power system construction, the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy has brought significant challenges to the dispatch, operation, and control of power systems. On the one hand, the large-scale integration of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics has significantly increased the demand for system regulation. However, existing market mechanisms lack the ability to properly represent and flexibly dispatch and adjust, making it difficult to effectively utilize system regulation resources. On the other hand, the diverse technical characteristics of various resources make it difficult for traditional market mechanisms to adapt to their dynamic characteristics, thereby limiting the participation and operation of market players and leading to problems such as frequent negative electricity prices and extreme electricity prices.

[0003] Currently, existing electricity markets primarily utilize time-of-use (TOU) trading mechanisms, such as China's provincial electricity spot markets and mature markets like PJM and CAISO in the United States. These markets, based on marginal price theory, centrally optimize clearing through security-constrained unit commitments (SCUC) or security-constrained economic dispatch (SCED) to determine output plans and marginal electricity prices for each time period. Although some markets (such as CAISO and MISO) recognize the importance of regulating capacity and have introduced ramping products as ancillary services, regulating capacity is not separately priced under the current TOU trading mechanism, resulting in significant negative externalities. For example, when a market player's regulating capacity declines, system operating costs increase, but the player does not have to pay for this cost; instead, the player may profit from the higher market clearing price, while users bear the additional costs. Conversely, when a player improves its regulating capacity, system operating costs decrease, but the player's revenue may decrease, creating a negative incentive. Furthermore, existing market mechanisms struggle to accurately quantify and appropriately price regulating capacity. Regulating capacity, characterized by heterogeneous constraints, cost sensitivity, and target dependency, makes it difficult to quantify using a single indicator. The current market mechanism's clearing process is complex and opaque. Individual constraints are internalized into the optimization model, making it difficult for market participants to clearly understand how these constraints influence transaction outcomes. Clearing prices are centrally calculated by the system operator, making the process a "black box" for market participants. In extreme cases, the current market mechanism is prone to price signal failures, such as negative and extreme electricity prices, making it difficult to provide market participants with reasonable economic signals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, this application provides a trading mechanism and clearing method for the spot market of electricity interchange products, solves the negative externalities and quantification problems of regulation capacity, innovates the market-oriented allocation mechanism, optimizes the allocation of regulation resources, improves market transparency and efficiency, and significantly reduces the total electricity purchase cost of the system.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a trading method for a spot market of electric power substitute products, comprising:

[0006] (1) Establish two trading commodities: replacement quantity and regulation quantity, where replacement quantity represents the energy value of electric energy and regulation quantity represents the regulation value of electric energy;

[0007] (2) Market clearing through a combination of single-round volume replacement trading and multi-round volume adjustment trading;

[0008] (3) Adopting the equal incremental rate principle to determine the winning market entity and transaction price;

[0009] (4) Realize market-based pricing of regulation capacity and optimal allocation of resources based on regulation transactions.

[0010] Preferred: The specific steps of single-round volume trading include:

[0011] (1) Market entities submit quotation curves for substitute quantities;

[0012] (2) The trading center uses the principle of equal replacement volume and slight increase rate for clearing;

[0013] (3) Determine the interchangeable electricity volume, the replacement clearing price and the initial output curve of each market player.

[0014] Preferred: The specific steps of multi-round volume adjustment transactions include:

[0015] (1) Calculate and summarize the adjustment demand curves of each market entity to generate the system adjustment demand curve;

[0016] (2) Sending the system-adjusted demand curve shape to each market player and receiving the adjustment quotation curve reported by each market player;

[0017] (3) Adopting the equal adjustment quantity slight increase rate principle to clear the market, determine the winning adjustment quantity and adjustment quantity clearing price of each market player;

[0018] (4) Calculate the new regulation demand curve of each market player. If the newly added regulation demand electricity is not zero, the next round of regulation transaction will begin; otherwise, the transaction process ends.

[0019] Preferably, the steps of generating the system adjustment demand curve include:

[0020] (1) Collect and sum the adjustment demand curves of each market player;

[0021] (2) Standardize the shape of the system regulation demand curve;

[0022] (3) Correct the mutually offsetting regulatory demands to form an effective regulatory demand curve.

[0023] Preferred: The quotation curve for quantity adjustment is obtained by the market subject by solving the adjustment demand formation model, which takes minimizing the total cost of quantity adjustment formation as the optimization goal, including the production cost of the market subject itself and the purchase cost of quantity adjustment.

[0024] Preferably, the method further includes the step of setting an external adjustment price, wherein the method further includes a method for determining the external adjustment price:

[0025] Use a benchmark pricing approach to set multiple price levels based on the cost characteristics of different types of capacity providers; or

[0026] The intensive setting method is adopted to preset multiple adjustment prices. After parallel clearing, the price with the lowest total electricity purchase cost is selected as the final adjustment price.

[0027] Preferred: The slight increase rate of adjustment refers to the incremental marginal cost when the market entity slightly increases the adjustment quantity at a specific saleable adjustment quantity according to the shape of the system adjustment demand curve.

[0028] Preferred: It is characterized by also allocating the surplus generated during the transaction process to system operating expenses, demand response fund pool, regulation capacity subsidy and market operating expenses.

[0029] Preferably, a market transaction method for quantifying the value of electric energy regulation is also included, characterized in that:

[0030] (1) Define the regulatory responsibility curve as the regulatory target of market entities;

[0031] (2) Converting regulation demand and regulation contribution into tradable regulation commodities;

[0032] (3) Establish a regulation demand formation model to uniformly characterize the formation process of power substitutes and regulation contributions;

[0033] (4) Realize reasonable pricing and optimal allocation of regulatory capacity through market-based trading mechanisms.

[0034] Optimal: The regulation demand formation model aims to minimize the total cost and optimizes the power curve to meet specific regulation needs while keeping the total power unchanged.

[0035] A method for clearing a power interchange spot market includes a power interchange spot market system, including:

[0036] (1) Substitute volume transaction module, used to process substitute volume transaction process;

[0037] (2) Regulation demand calculation module, used to generate system regulation demand curve;

[0038] (3) a volume adjustment transaction module, used to process the volume adjustment transaction process;

[0039] (4) Iterative control module, used to coordinate multiple rounds of volume adjustment transactions;

[0040] (5) Price publishing module, used to publish market clearing price information.

[0041] Preferably, it also includes an external quantity adjustment price setting module for determining a reasonable external quantity adjustment price.

[0042] Preferably, the system further includes a transaction surplus management module for calculating and allocating surplus generated during the transaction process.

[0043] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

[0044] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0045] In response to the above-mentioned defects and shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a spot market trading mechanism and clearing method for power interchange products, which has the following advantages:

[0046] Eliminate the negative externalities of regulatory capacity: Through the quantity adjustment trading mechanism, the implicit individual constraint impact is transformed into an explicit market signal, so that market entities with deteriorated regulatory capacity need to pay for it, and market entities with strong regulatory capacity can obtain reasonable compensation, thereby eliminating the negative externalities of regulatory capacity.

[0047] Realize market-oriented allocation of regulatory capacity: By defining regulatory commodities and their trading mechanisms, regulatory capacity is transformed into a measurable and tradable market product, achieving accurate quantification and reasonable pricing of regulatory capacity, and promoting the global optimal allocation of regulatory resources.

[0048] Improving market transparency and predictability: Using a constant-volume, incremental rate approach for clearing allows market participants to clearly understand the impact of constraints on trading outcomes. This allows prices to be formed through market mechanisms, creating a more transparent process. Market participants can assess the impact of constraints in advance, helping them develop more rational pricing strategies.

[0049] Lower total system electricity purchase costs: Through the capacity-adjustment trading mechanism, a more optimal allocation of regulation resources is achieved, reducing overall system operating costs. Compared with traditional time-of-use trading mechanisms, this invention can achieve lower total electricity purchase costs in the same scenario, especially when system regulation capacity is insufficient, where the cost reduction is more significant.

[0050] Simplify the market clearing process: Although volume-adjusted trading requires multiple rounds of trading processes, each round of trading can be cleared according to the principle of equal incremental rates. The clearing process is simple and transparent, and the number of iterations does not increase with the increase in the number of market players, which can adapt to the future large-scale entry of new market players into the market.

[0051] Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be learned from the practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of generating a system-adjusted demand curve for a trading mechanism and clearing method for a spot market of power interchangeable products according to the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the clearing of quantity adjustment transactions in a trading mechanism and clearing method of a spot market for electric power interchange products according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a multi-round capacity adjustment transaction of a trading mechanism and clearing method for a power interchange spot market according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of determining the external quantity adjustment price (benchmark price method) for a trading mechanism and clearing method of a spot market for power interchange products according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of determining the external quantity adjustment price (intensive setting method) of a trading mechanism and clearing method for a spot market of electric power interchange products according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the collaborative bidding in the power interchange market of the present invention, which shows a trading mechanism and clearing method of the power interchange spot market. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right” and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains; the terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0061] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figure 3, a trading mechanism and clearing method for a spot market for electricity interchange products includes the following key steps: first, defining the regulation commodity and its trading mechanism. The regulation commodity includes both planned and self-produced regulation, which is used to quantify the regulation demand and regulation contribution of market participants; then, generating a system regulation demand curve based on the regulation demand curves reported by each market participant; and forming an effective regulation demand curve after correcting for mutually offsetting regulation demands; then, collecting the regulation bids of each market participant based on the regulation-price curve, and constructing a clearing model with the goal of minimizing the total regulation purchase cost; clearing using the equal regulation increment criterion to ensure that the optimal configuration is achieved when the regulation increment rates of each market participant are equal; finally, determining the winning regulation quantity based on the clearing results, and dynamically adjusting the system regulation demand through multiple rounds of regulation transactions until the regulation demand converges to zero. Furthermore, the method also includes a method for determining the external regulation price, which can adopt a benchmark price method or a dense setting method, and has a transaction surplus allocation mechanism to allocate the transaction surplus to system operating expenses, a demand response fund pool, regulation capacity subsidies, and market operating expenses.

[0062] In this embodiment, the core concepts of the present invention are defined as follows:

[0063] Adjustment volume: This quantifies the regulatory demand and contribution of market entities. It is divided into two types: planned purchase adjustment volume and self-produced adjustment volume. Planned purchase adjustment volume represents the adjustment volume that market entities wish to purchase from the external market, while self-produced adjustment volume represents the adjustment volume they produce themselves. The total amount of these two factors combined is called "saleable adjustment volume."

[0064] Regulation demand: The difference between the market entity's regulation responsibility curve and the initial output curve reflects the amount of regulation required by the market entity.

[0065] System regulation demand curve: the sum of the regulation demand curves of all market entities, which forms the system-level regulation demand after correction.

[0066] Slight increase rate of regulation capacity: the additional regulation cost when the saleable regulation capacity is slightly increased in a specific shape at a certain power curve, used to measure the marginal cost of regulation capacity.

[0067] Equal volume increment rate principle: the core principle for clearing volume-adjustment transactions, ensuring that the optimal configuration is achieved when the volume increment rates of all market players are equal.

[0068] like Figure 4 、 5 As shown in Figure 6, when the method is implemented, the generation of the system regulation demand curve in step (2) includes collecting the initial values ​​of the regulation demand curves of the m-1th round of each market entity, standardizing the shape of the regulation demand, and correcting the mutually offsetting regulation demands to generate an effective curve; in step (3), the market entity reports the regulation-price curve determined by the upper limit of the regulation quantity and the marginal cost based on the saleable regulation quantity; the multi-round regulation transaction process in step (5) involves initializing the external regulation price and the shape of the regulation target curve, the transaction center issuing the shape of the regulation demand curve, the market entity forming the regulation quotation curve, clearing and issuing the clearing result according to the equal incremental rate principle, the market entity reporting the new regulation demand curve, the transaction center recalculating the system regulation demand curve, and judging whether the newly added regulation demand meets the termination condition. In addition, the method can eliminate the negative externality of regulation capacity through the regulation transaction mechanism and reduce the total power purchase cost of the system. It is suitable for new power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy access. In addition, the clearing process of each round of the multi-round regulation transaction process is based on the equal incremental rate principle, and the number of transaction rounds does not increase significantly with the increase in the number of market entities.

[0069] In this embodiment, based on the above implementation method, the generation of the adjustment demand curve of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Collect the adjustment demands of each market player. Let the adjustment demand curve of player i in the m-1th round be The system regulation demand curve is:

[0071]

[0072] Where G and H are the sets of electricity producers and regulators, respectively.

[0073] Step 2: Standardize the demand shape

[0074] R A,m The shape can be recorded as:

[0075]

[0076] Step 3: Correcting for offsetting regulatory demands

[0077] During period t, since the adjustment demands generated by various entities may offset each other, at this time:

[0078]

[0079] The mutually offsetting regulatory demands are not real system regulatory demands and need to be adjusted. Suppose the regulatory demands of each subject after adjustment are Apparently:

[0080]

[0081] say Effectively adjust the demand curve for entity i in the mth round.

[0082] The calibration method is divided into two steps.

[0083]

[0084] Then order:

[0085]

[0086] The clearing of volume adjustment transactions is carried out in the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Collect quotation quotes from various market players. Each market player has different available quotas and submits the quotation-price curve.

[0088] Step 2: Construct the clearing model of the quantity adjustment transaction market according to the total demand for electricity E RA,m , clearing is done with the goal of minimizing the total purchase cost of the adjustment. The model is as follows:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Where C RB,m Indicates the total purchase cost of the system in the mth round of transactions, E RA,m The total power required for system regulation is is the upper bound of the quantity adjustment of subject i, which can be obtained from its quantity adjustment-price curve.

[0092] Step 3: Clearing according to the equal adjustment amount and slight increase rate principle

[0093] According to the “Equal Adjustment Volume Increment Rate Criterion”, the optimal value is achieved when the adjustment volume increment rates of each subject are equal:

[0094]

[0095] Where, is the slight increase rate of the adjustment amount of subject i, λ R,m To adjust the quantity and clear the price.

[0096] Step 4: Calculate the amount of each entity's winning bid

[0097] According to the adjustment quantity clearing price λ R,m , determine the amount of each entity's winning bid So that it can meet the total regulation demand power constraint.

[0098] The present invention provides two methods for determining the external adjustment price:

[0099] Method 1: Benchmark Price Method

[0100] Determine multiple price levels based on the cost characteristics of different types of capacity adjustment providers:

[0101] The regulation cost of a thermal power unit can be set as a certain proportion of its marginal fuel cost

[0102] The free peak regulation cost of hydropower units can be set to a lower value

[0103] The regulation cost of pumped storage can be set as its cycle efficiency loss cost

[0104] The regulation cost of chemical energy storage can be set as its charge and discharge cycle aging cost

[0105] Method 2: Intensive Setup

[0106] Preset multiple adjustment prices The total electricity purchase cost at different prices is calculated through parallel clearing, and the feasible price with the minimum total electricity purchase cost is selected as the final adjustment price.

[0107] The collaborative bidding process of the present invention includes single-round volume replacement transactions and multi-round volume adjustment transactions. The process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown:

[0108] Step 1: Initialization

[0109] Set the external adjustment price π RA , initialize the iteration count m = 0, and initially adjust the target curve shape

[0110] Step 2: The trading center issues the adjustment target curve shape and the adjustment demand curve shape

[0111] During the substitution trading phase, the trading center issues an adjustment to the target curve shape; during the adjustment trading phase, the trading center issues an adjustment to the demand curve shape.

[0112] Step 3: Market players submit quotation

[0113] Market entities form a substitution quotation curve or an adjustment quotation curve based on the target curve shape or demand curve shape issued by the trading center.

[0114] Step 4: The trading center clears and issues the clearing results

[0115] Based on the collected quotation information, the trading center conducts clearing according to the equal incremental rate principle and distributes the clearing results to various market players.

[0116] Step 5: Market players submit adjustment demand curves

[0117] Market entities report the newly formed adjustment demand curve based on the clearing results

[0118] Step 6: The trading center calculates the adjusted system regulation demand curve

[0119] The trading center summarizes the demand curves of each entity and calculates the demand curve R of the system. A,m+1 , and make corrections to form an effective adjustment demand curve Then distributed to market entities.

[0120] Step 7: Determine the termination condition

[0121] If the required power R is added A,m+1 =0, the collaborative bidding process is terminated; otherwise, m=m+1, and the process returns to the quantity adjustment transaction phase in step 2 to start a new round of quantity adjustment transactions.

[0122] The entire collaborative bidding process has the following characteristics:

[0123] Simple and transparent: Although multiple rounds of transactions are required, each round of transactions is cleared using the equal incremental rate principle, and the process is simple and transparent.

[0124] Good convergence: As the number of transaction rounds increases, the system adjustment requirements gradually decrease and eventually converge to zero, ensuring the finite-step convergence of the algorithm.

[0125] Strong scalability: The number of transaction rounds does not increase significantly with the increase in the number of market entities, and it is suitable for scenarios with large-scale market participants.

[0126] Dynamic adaptability: Through multiple rounds of trading, it dynamically adapts to the ever-changing regulatory needs of market entities and achieves the optimal allocation of regulatory resources.

[0127] Since the cost of purchasing the volume adjustment during the volume adjustment transaction is greater than or equal to the cost of selling the volume adjustment, a transaction surplus will be generated. The present invention provides the following surplus distribution mechanism:

[0128] System operating expenses: A portion of the surplus is used for system operating expenses, including the costs required to resolve security constraints such as network congestion.

[0129] Demand response fund pool: A portion of the surplus is used to incentivize demand-side response and improve the overall flexibility of the system.

[0130] Regulation capacity subsidy: A portion of the surplus is distributed according to the proportion of regulation contribution provided by each market player, to encourage market players to improve their regulation capacity.

[0131] Market operating expenses: A portion of the surplus is used for necessary expenses such as market operation, scheduling management, and information system maintenance.

[0132] This paper addresses the regulatory challenges posed by the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy into the power system under the context of new power system construction. It proposes a trading mechanism and clearing method for the spot market of power interchange products, aiming to optimize the allocation and utilization of regulatory resources. The working principle is as follows:

[0133] I. Marketization and Quantification of Regulatory Capacity

[0134] The definition of adjustment commodities includes planned purchase adjustment quantities and self-produced adjustment quantities, which respectively represent the adjustment quantities that market entities hope to purchase from outside and the adjustment quantities they produce themselves. This is used to quantify the adjustment needs and adjustment contributions of market entities, solves the problem of difficulty in quantifying adjustment capabilities, and enables adjustment capabilities to enter the market in the form of commodities for trading.

[0135] 2. Generation and Correction of System Regulation Demand Curve

[0136] Collect the adjustment demand curves of each market player, calculate the initial value of the system adjustment demand curve, and standardize the adjustment demand shape so that the adjustment demands of different market players can be compared and summarized under the same standard.

[0137] Identify and eliminate mutually offsetting regulatory demand components to generate an effective regulatory demand curve, ensure that the system regulatory demand curve truly reflects the actual regulatory amount required by the system, and avoid invalid or contradictory regulatory demands from interfering with market clearing and resource allocation.

[0138] 3. Volume Adjustment Trading Clearance and Market Signal Transmission

[0139] Based on the adjustment quantity-price curve reported by each market player (determined by the upper limit of the adjustment quantity and the marginal cost), a clearing model is constructed with the goal of minimizing the total adjustment quantity purchase cost, and the equal adjustment quantity increment rate criterion is adopted for clearing. This criterion ensures that each market player reaches the optimal configuration when the adjustment quantity increment rate is equal, so that the market clearing price can reasonably reflect the marginal cost and value of the adjustment resources, providing market players with clear, transparent and accurate market signals, and guiding them to make reasonable trading decisions and quotation strategies.

[0140] 4. Multiple rounds of volume adjustment transactions and dynamic adjustments

[0141] Utilizing a multi-round volume adjustment trading process, the trading center issues the shapes of the target and demand curves for adjustment. Market participants then form alternative quotation curves or adjustment quotation curves based on this information. After the trading center clears and issues the clearing results, market participants submit the newly formed adjustment demand curves, which the trading center then recalculates. This cycle repeats until the adjustment demand converges to zero. This dynamic adjustment process adapts to the ever-changing adjustment needs of market participants and achieves optimal allocation of adjustment resources. It also ensures the algorithm's finite-step convergence, and the number of trading rounds does not increase significantly with the number of market participants, adapting to the future large-scale entry of new market participants.

[0142] V. Determination of External Adjustment Prices and Surplus Distribution

[0143] Two methods are provided for determining the external power regulation price. The benchmark price method sets multiple price levels according to the cost characteristics of different types of power regulation providers, while the intensive setting method presets multiple power regulation prices. After parallel clearing, the price with the lowest total electricity purchase cost is selected as the final power regulation price, ensuring that the external power regulation price can reasonably reflect the cost of the power regulation provider and the market supply and demand relationship.

[0144] Design a trading surplus distribution mechanism to allocate trading surplus to system operating expenses, demand response fund pool, regulation capacity subsidy and market operating expenses. The regulation capacity subsidy is allocated according to the regulation contribution ratio of each market player, which encourages market players to improve their regulation capacity, promotes the effective use of regulation resources, and further optimizes the operating efficiency and resource allocation of the power market.

[0145] Although the present invention has been disclosed above in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A trading method for a spot market of electric power interchange products, characterized in that: include: (1) Establish two trading commodities: replacement quantity and regulation quantity, where replacement quantity represents the energy value of electric energy and regulation quantity represents the regulation value of electric energy; (2) Market clearing through a combination of single-round volume replacement trading and multi-round volume adjustment trading; (3) Adopting the equal incremental rate principle to determine the winning market entity and transaction price; (4) Realize market-based pricing of regulation capacity and optimal allocation of resources based on regulation transactions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific steps of single-round volume trading include: (1) Market entities submit quotation curves for substitute quantities; (2) The trading center uses the principle of equal replacement volume and slight increase rate for clearing; (3) Determine the interchangeable electricity volume, the replacement clearing price and the initial output curve of each market player.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific steps of multi-round volume adjustment transactions include: (1) Calculate and summarize the adjustment demand curves of each market entity to generate the system adjustment demand curve; (2) Sending the system-adjusted demand curve shape to each market player and receiving the adjustment quotation curve reported by each market player; (3) Using the equal adjustment quantity slight increase rate principle to clear the market, determine the winning adjustment quantity and adjustment quantity clearing price of each market player; (4) Calculate the new regulation demand curve of each market player. If the newly added regulation demand electricity is not zero, the next round of regulation transaction will begin; otherwise, the transaction process ends.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The steps to generate the system regulation demand curve include: (1) Collect and sum the adjustment demand curves of each market player; (2) Standardize the shape of the system regulation demand curve; (3) Correct the mutually offsetting regulatory demands to form an effective regulatory demand curve.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The quotation curve for quantity adjustment is obtained by market players by solving a model for forming adjustment demand. The optimization goal of this model is to minimize the total cost of quantity adjustment, including the production cost of the market players themselves and the purchase cost of quantity adjustment.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further includes the step of setting an external quantity adjustment price, which is characterized in that the method further includes a method for determining the external quantity adjustment price: Use a benchmark pricing approach to set multiple price levels based on the cost characteristics of different types of capacity providers; or The intensive setting method is adopted to preset multiple adjustment prices. After parallel clearing, the price with the lowest total electricity purchase cost is selected as the final adjustment price.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The slight increase rate of adjustment quantity refers to the incremental marginal cost when market entities slightly increase the adjustment quantity at a specific saleable adjustment quantity according to the shape of the system adjustment demand curve.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes allocating the surplus generated during the transaction process to system operating expenses, demand response fund pool, regulation capacity subsidies and market operating expenses.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention also includes a market transaction method for quantifying the value of electric energy regulation, characterized by: (1) Define the regulatory responsibility curve as the regulatory target of market entities; (2) Converting regulation demand and regulation contribution into tradable regulation commodities; (3) Establish a regulation demand formation model to uniformly characterize the formation process of power substitutes and regulation contributions; (4) Realize reasonable pricing and optimal allocation of regulatory capacity through market-based trading mechanisms.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The regulation demand formation model aims to minimize the total cost. Under the premise of keeping the total power unchanged, it optimizes and adjusts the power curve to meet the specific regulation needs.

11. A method for clearing a spot market for electricity interchangeable products, characterized in that: A power interchange spot market system is provided, comprising: (1) Substitute volume transaction module, used to process substitute volume transaction process; (2) Regulation demand calculation module, used to generate system regulation demand curve; (3) a volume adjustment transaction module, used to process the volume adjustment transaction process; (4) Iterative control module, used to coordinate multiple rounds of volume adjustment transactions; (5) Price publishing module, used to publish market clearing price information.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein: It also includes an external quantity adjustment price setting module for determining a reasonable external quantity adjustment price.

13. The system according to claim 11, wherein: It also includes a trading surplus management module for calculating and allocating surplus generated during the trading process.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

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