Aquatic plant construction method and turf

Abstract

The application provides an aquatic plant construction method and turf, and the aquatic plant construction method comprises the following steps: measuring the water depth distribution and the slope angle of a target area where aquatic plants are to be planted; determining the river cross-section length of a shallow water area, a middle water area and a deep water area according to the water depth distribution and the slope angle; configuring a bottom mud structure; dividing the bottom mud structure into a shallow water section, a middle water section and a deep water section; planting emergent plants in the shallow water section, planting floating leaf plants in the middle water section, and planting submerged plants in the deep water section; wherein the length of the shallow water section is equal to the river cross-section length of the shallow water area, the length of the middle water section is equal to the river cross-section length of the middle water area, and the length of the deep water section is equal to the river cross-section length of the deep water area; and the edge of the shallow water section is aligned with the edge of the river where the shallow water area is located, and the edge of the deep water section is aligned with the edge of the river where the deep water area is located. The application solves the problem that the existing aquatic plant planting method is prone to causing the death of aquatic plants due to unsuitable water depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of aquatic ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for constructing aquatic plants and turf. Background Technology

[0002] Aquatic plants typically include emergent plants, floating-leaved plants, and submerged plants. When planting, emergent and floating-leaved plants need to be sown by direct sowing, while submerged plants can be planted on turf and then spread out over the turf. In other words, the current planting method for aquatic plants is dispersed planting.

[0003] Generally speaking, emergent plants require less suitable water depth than floating-leaved plants, and floating-leaved plants require less suitable water depth than submerged plants. Because different aquatic plants have significantly different water depth requirements, scattered planting can easily lead to the death of aquatic plants due to unsuitable water depth. Therefore, existing aquatic plant cultivation methods have the problem of easily causing aquatic plants to die due to unsuitable water depth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for constructing aquatic plants, in order to solve the problem that existing aquatic plant cultivation methods easily lead to the death of aquatic plants due to unsuitable water depth.

[0005] This application provides a method for constructing aquatic plants, including:

[0006] Measure the water depth distribution and slope angle of the target area where aquatic plants are to be planted;

[0007] Determine the channel cross-sectional lengths of the shallow water zone, the medium water zone, and the deep water zone based on the water depth distribution and slope angle.

[0008] Configure bottom sediment structure;

[0009] The bottom sediment structure is divided into shallow water section, medium water section and deep water section, which are connected in sequence. Emergent plants are planted in the shallow water section, floating-leaved plants are planted in the medium water section, and submerged plants are planted in the deep water section. The length of the shallow water section is equal to the length of the river channel section where the shallow water area is located, the length of the medium water section is equal to the length of the river channel section where the medium water area is located, and the length of the deep water section is equal to the length of the river channel section where the deep water area is located.

[0010] Align the edge of the shallow water section with the edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, ensuring that the shallow water section covers the river channel area where the shallow water area is located; and

[0011] Align the edge of the deep water section with the edge of the river channel where the deep water area is located, so that the medium water section covers the river channel area where the medium water area is located, and the deep water section covers the river channel area where the deep water area is located.

[0012] Optionally, the configured substrate structure includes: using local substrate from the target area where aquatic plants are to be planted as a base, adding coconut coir and straw humus to form a composite substrate; and adding water-retaining agents and slow-release fertilizers.

[0013] Optionally, the added water-retaining agent is 0.3-0.5 kg of polyacrylamide per cubic meter of composite substrate, and the added slow-release fertilizer is 1-2 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a ratio of 10:10:10 per cubic meter of composite substrate.

[0014] Optionally, planting emergent plants in shallow water sections includes: evenly scattering the seeds of emergent plants on the surface of the shallow water section; covering with fine sand, and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of the emergent plants penetrate the shallow water section and the coverage of the shallow water section is ≥80%.

[0015] Optionally, planting floating-leaved plants in the middle water section includes: evenly scattering the seeds of floating-leaved plants on the surface of the middle water section; covering with fine sand, and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of the floating-leaved plants penetrate the middle water section and the coverage of the middle water section is ≥80%.

[0016] Optionally, the sowing density of the floating-leaved plant seeds is 5-8 g / m². 2 .

[0017] Optionally, planting submerged plants in deep water sections includes: evenly scattering the seeds of submerged plants on the surface of the deep water section; covering with fine sand, and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of the submerged plants penetrate the deep water section and the deep water section coverage is ≥80%.

[0018] Optionally, the sowing density of the submerged plant seeds is 15-20 g / m². 2 .

[0019] Optionally, aligning the edge of the shallow water section and the river edge where the shallow water area is located includes: temporarily fixing the edge of the shallow water section with U-shaped nails and bottom sediment; and burying ecological anchors on the upstream side of the shallow water section for permanent fixation.

[0020] This application also provides a turf constructed using the method described above, comprising a bottom sediment structure including a shallow water section, a mid-water section, and a deep water section, wherein the shallow water section, the mid-water section, and the deep water section are integrally connected in sequence; the shallow water section is provided with emergent plants, the mid-water section with floating-leaved plants, and the deep water section with submerged plants; the length of the shallow water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of the mid-water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the mid-water area is located, and the length of the deep water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the deep water area is located.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By measuring the water depth distribution and slope angle of the target area where aquatic plants are to be planted, the cross-sectional lengths of the shallow water area, the mid-water area, and the deep water area are determined based on the water depth distribution and slope angle. A bottom sediment structure is configured, dividing the bottom sediment structure into shallow, mid-water, and deep water sections, which are sequentially connected as a single unit. Emergent plants are planted in the shallow water section, floating-leaved plants in the mid-water section, and submerged plants in the deep water section. The length of the shallow water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the shallow water area, the mid-water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the mid-water area, and the deep water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the deep water area. The edges of the shallow water section are aligned with the edges of the shallow water area, allowing the shallow water section to cover the shallow water area. Similarly, the edges of the deep water section are aligned with the edges of the deep water area, allowing the mid-water section to cover the mid-water area and the deep water section to cover the deep water area.

[0022] Because the bottom sediment structure is divided into shallow, medium, and deep water sections, emergent plants suitable for shallow water areas are sown in the shallow water section, floating-leaved plants suitable for medium water areas are sown in the medium water section, and submerged plants suitable for deep water areas are sown in the deep water section. The length of the shallow water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of the medium water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the medium water area is located, and the length of the deep water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the deep water area is located. The edge of the shallow water section is aligned with the edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, and the edge of the deep water section is aligned with the edge of the river channel where the deep water area is located. This allows different aquatic plants to be planted at appropriate water depths, preventing aquatic plants from dying due to unsuitable water depths.

[0023] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following describes the application in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional effect of the aquatic plants completing the construction in the first embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the sediment structure in the first embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional effect of the emergent plants constructed in the first embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional effect of the floating-leaved plant after its construction, as shown in the first embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional effect of the submerged plant structure in the first embodiment of this application.

[0029] In the attached figures, the following labels are used:

[0030] 100 Shallow water section

[0031] 101 Middle Water Section

[0032] 102 Deep Water Section

[0033] 103 Emergent plants

[0034] 104 Floating-leaved plants

[0035] 105 Submerged Plants

[0036] 106 Riverbank

[0037] 107 Riverbank Protection

[0038] The length of the river channel section where the L1 shallow water area is located.

[0039] h1 Height of shallow water area

[0040] The length of the river channel where L2 water zone is located

[0041] The height of the h2 water zone

[0042] The length of the river channel section where the L3 deep water area is located

[0043] h3 Height of deep water area

[0044] a slope angle Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a method for constructing aquatic plants, including the following steps:

[0050] Measure the water depth distribution and slope angle α of the target area where aquatic plants are to be planted;

[0051] Determine the channel section length L1 where the shallow water area is located, the channel section length L2 where the medium water area is located, and the channel section length L3 where the deep water area is located based on the water depth distribution and slope angle α.

[0052] Configure bottom sediment structure;

[0053] The bottom sediment structure is divided into a shallow water section 100, a medium water section 101, and a deep water section 102, which are connected in sequence. Emergent plants 103 are planted in the shallow water section 100, floating-leaved plants 104 are planted in the medium water section 101, and submerged plants 105 are planted in the deep water section 102. The length of the shallow water section 100 is equal to the cross-sectional length L1 of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of the medium water section 101 is equal to the cross-sectional length L2 of the river channel where the medium water area is located, and the length of the deep water section 102 is equal to the cross-sectional length L3 of the river channel where the deep water area is located.

[0054] Align the edge of the shallow water section 100 with the edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, so that the shallow water section 100 covers the river channel area where the shallow water area is located; and

[0055] Align the edge of the deep water section 102 with the edge of the river channel where the deep water area is located, so that the medium water section 101 covers the river channel area where the medium water area is located, and the deep water section 102 covers the river channel area where the deep water area is located.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, since the bottom sediment structure is divided into shallow water section 100, medium water section 101 and deep water section 102, emergent plants 103 suitable for shallow water areas are sown in shallow water section 100, floating-leaved plants 104 suitable for medium water areas are sown in medium water section 101, and submerged plants 105 suitable for deep water areas are sown in deep water section 102. The length of shallow water section 100 is equal to the cross-sectional length L1 of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of medium water section 101 is equal to the cross-sectional length L2 of the river channel where the medium water area is located, and the length of deep water section 102 is equal to the cross-sectional length L3 of the river channel where the deep water area is located. The edge of shallow water section 100 is aligned with the edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, and the edge of deep water section 102 is aligned with the edge of the river channel where the deep water area is located. This allows different aquatic plants to be planted at appropriate water depths, avoiding the death of aquatic plants due to unsuitable water depths.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, emergent plants 103, floating-leaved plants 104, and submerged plants 105 are planted on the same bottom mud structure, forming a single turf, which facilitates transportation and on-site planting, saving on-site planting time. In addition, centralized turf cultivation can also reduce labor costs.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, water depth distribution can be measured using a depth sounder (e.g., sonar or laser rangefinder). The slope angle α can be measured using a slope measuring instrument (e.g., electronic level or universal slope gauge). Shallow water refers to areas of shallow water in the river channel, with a depth of 0-0.5m. Medium water refers to areas of medium water depth in the river channel, with a depth of 0.5-1.2m. Deep water refers to areas of deep water in the river channel, with a depth of 1.2-2.0m.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the slope ratio (vertical height: horizontal length) is 1:2-1:3. A cross-section refers to a section formed by cutting along a direction perpendicular to the length of the river channel. The river channel includes the riverbank and the riverbed. The slope angle α can be calculated from the slope ratio. The slope angle α is the same in shallow water, mid-water, and deep water.

[0060] like Figure 3As shown, the lengths of the river channel sections L1 (shallow water), L2 (medium water), and L3 (deep water) can be calculated using trigonometric relationships. For example, when the height h1 of the shallow water section is 0.5 meters (i.e., the shallow water section covers a depth of 0-0.5m, then h1 = 0.5 - 0 = 0.5m), and the slope ratio is 0.5, the slope angle α can be calculated as arctan0.5 = 26.6°. Therefore, the length of the river channel section L1 in the shallow water section is 0.5 / sina = 1.11m. The river channel section in the shallow water section is located on bank 106.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, for example, when the height h2 of the middle water zone is 0.7m (i.e., the water depth covered by the middle water zone is 0.5-1.2m, then h2 = 1.2 - 0.5 = 0.7m), and the slope ratio is 0.5, the slope angle α can be calculated as arctan0.5 = 26.6°. Therefore, the length L2 of the river channel section where the middle water zone is located is 0.7 / sina = 1.56m. The river channel section where the middle water zone is located is situated on bank 106.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, for example, when the height h3 of the deep water zone is 0.8m (i.e., the water depth covered by the deep water zone is 1.2-2.0m, then h3 = 2.0 - 1.2 = 0.8m), and the slope ratio is 0.5, the slope angle α can be calculated as arctan0.5 = 26.6°. Therefore, the length L3 of the river channel section where the deep water zone is located is 0.8 / sina = 1.78m. The river channel section where the deep water zone is located is situated on the riverbank 106 and / or on the riverbed.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, if the deep-water section 102 needs to be laid to the centerline of the river channel (i.e., to the centerline of the riverbed), then the length L3 of the river channel section where the deep-water area is located also needs to be added to the distance from the toe of the riverbank 106 to the centerline of the river channel. The deep-water section 102 can also end at the riverbed elevation and extend to the centerline of the riverbed. The target area for planting aquatic plants can be located in the river channel. Please refer to the subsequent content of the embodiment for the specific composition of the bottom sediment structure. The overall length of the turf is L1+L2+L3.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, emergent plants 103 are preferably reeds or cattails. Floating-leaved plants 104 are preferably water lilies or water chestnuts. Submerged plants 105 are preferably Vallisneria natans or Hydrilla verticillata. Aligning the edge of the shallow water section 100 with the edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located means aligning the upper edge of the shallow water section 100 with the upper edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, and aligning the lower edge of the shallow water section 100 with the lower edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located. For example, the upper edge of the shallow water section 100 is set perpendicular to the revetment 107. The shallow water section 100 covers the upper part of the riverbank 106 where the shallow water area is located.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, aligning the edge of the deep-water section 102 with the edge of the river channel where the deep-water area is located means aligning the upper edge of the deep-water section 102 with the upper edge of the river channel where the deep-water area is located, and aligning the lower edge of the deep-water section 102 with the lower edge of the river channel where the deep-water area is located. If the lower edge of the river channel where the deep-water area is located extends to the center line of the river channel, then the lower edge of the deep-water section 102 also needs to extend to the center line of the river channel. After the shallow-water section 100 is aligned with the shallow-water area, and the deep-water section 102 is aligned with the deep-water area, the medium-water section 101 will then be aligned with the medium-water area. The medium-water section 101 covers the middle part of the riverbank 106 where the medium-water area is located, and the deep-water section 102 covers the bottom of the riverbank 106 where the deep-water area is located and the part from the toe of the riverbank 106 to the center line of the riverbed.

[0066] Optionally, the substrate structure configuration includes: using local substrate from the target area where aquatic plants will be planted as a base, adding coconut coir and straw humus to create a composite substrate; and adding a water-retaining agent and slow-release fertilizer. Using local substrate from the target area as a base can promote symbiosis between the roots of aquatic plants and the local substrate. The composite substrate preferably consists of local substrate, coconut coir, and straw humus, wherein the local substrate accounts for 50%, coconut coir accounts for 30%, and straw humus accounts for 20%.

[0067] Optionally, a water-retaining agent can be added at 0.3-0.5 kg of polyacrylamide per cubic meter of composite substrate, and a slow-release fertilizer can be added at 1-2 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a ratio of 10:10:10 per cubic meter of composite substrate. This setup can simulate the structure of natural bottom sediment.

[0068] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Optionally, planting emergent plants 103 in shallow water section 100 includes: evenly sowing the seeds of emergent plants 103 on the surface of shallow water section 100; covering with fine sand, and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of emergent plants 103 penetrate shallow water section 100 and the coverage of shallow water section 100 is ≥80%.

[0069] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This arrangement avoids damaging the original local substrate structure by scattering emergent plant 103 on-site, and also allows emergent plant 103 to easily coexist with the local sediment, resulting in a high long-term survival rate. The preferred seed density for emergent plant 103 is 10-15 g / m³. 2Emergent plants 103 can be transplanted into the riverbed when their roots penetrate the shallow water section 100 and the coverage of the shallow water section 100 is ≥80%. The particle size range of fine sand is 0.25 mm to 0.125 mm (the same below). The greenhouse temperature is controlled between 20℃ and 25℃ (the same below). Coverage refers to the proportion of the vertical projection area of ​​the plants on the ground to the total area of ​​the statistical area, usually expressed as a percentage (the same below).

[0070] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Optionally, planting floating-leaved plants 104 in the middle water section 101 includes: evenly sowing the seeds of floating-leaved plants 104 on the surface of the middle water section 101; covering with fine sand, and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of floating-leaved plants 104 penetrate the middle water section 101 and the coverage of the middle water section 101 is ≥80%.

[0071] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This arrangement avoids damaging the original local substrate structure by scattering floating-leaved plants 104 on-site, and also makes it easier for floating-leaved plants 104 to coexist with the local bottom sediment, resulting in a high long-term survival rate. Floating-leaved plants 104 can be transplanted into the river channel when their roots penetrate the middle water section 101 and the middle water section 101 has a coverage of ≥80%.

[0072] Alternatively, the sowing density of floating-leaved plant 104 seeds is 5-8 g / m². 2 .

[0073] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Optionally, planting submerged plants 105 in the deep water section 102 includes: evenly sowing the seeds of submerged plants 105 on the surface of the deep water section 102; covering with fine sand, and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of the submerged plants 105 penetrate the deep water section 102 and the coverage of the deep water section 102 is ≥80%.

[0074] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This arrangement avoids damaging the original local substrate structure by scattering submerged plants 105 on-site, and also makes it easier for submerged plants 105 to coexist with the local bottom sediment, resulting in a high long-term survival rate. Submerged plants 105 can be transplanted into the river channel when their root system penetrates the deep water section 102 and the deep water section 102 has a coverage of ≥80%.

[0075] Alternatively, the sowing density of submerged plant 105 seeds is 15-20 g / m². 2 .

[0076] Please also refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Optionally, aligning the edge of the shallow water section 100 with the riverbed edge where the shallow water area is located includes: temporarily fixing the edge of the shallow water section 100 to the bottom sediment with U-shaped nails; and permanently fixing it by burying ecological anchors on the upstream side of the shallow water section 100. Permanent fixing with ecological anchors can avoid damaging the original topography and prevent turf displacement and loss.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the shallow water section 10 is fixed to the upper part of the riverbank 106 using U-shaped nails and ecological anchors. The diameter of the U-shaped nails is preferably 6 mm. Aligning the edge of the deep water section 102 with the edge of the river channel where the deep water area is located includes: temporarily fixing the edge of the deep water section 102 with U-shaped nails and bottom sediment, and permanently fixing it by burying ecological anchors on the upstream side of the deep water section 102. The deep water section 102 is fixed to the bottom of the riverbank 106 and the portion from the toe of the riverbank 106 to the centerline of the riverbed using U-shaped nails and ecological anchors. Similarly, the edge of the middle water section 101 is temporarily fixed with U-shaped nails and bottom sediment, and permanently fixed by burying ecological anchors on the upstream side of the middle water section 101. The middle water section 101 is fixed to the middle of the riverbank 106 using U-shaped nails and ecological anchors.

[0078] Multiple U-shaped anchors are used, with a spacing of 0.5m between adjacent U-shaped anchors. The ecological anchors are preferably 8cm in diameter and 0.8-1.2m in length. The ecological anchors are preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, bamboo, or stainless steel. Multiple ecological anchors are used, with a spacing of 1.5m between adjacent ecological anchors. A coconut fiber mat is placed on top of each ecological anchor, and the mat is stitched to the turf subsoil structure with a stitch spacing of 0.3m.

[0079] Second Embodiment

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a turf constructed using the method in the first embodiment. The turf includes a bottom sediment structure comprising a shallow water section 100, a medium water section 101, and a deep water section 102, which are sequentially and integrally connected. Emergent plants 103 are provided in the shallow water section 100, floating-leaved plants 104 are provided in the medium water section 101, and submerged plants 105 are provided in the deep water section 102. The length of the shallow water section 100 is equal to the cross-sectional length L1 of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of the medium water section 101 is equal to the cross-sectional length L2 of the river channel where the medium water area is located, and the length of the deep water section 102 is equal to the cross-sectional length L3 of the river channel where the deep water area is located. Aquatic plants are planted at appropriate water depths to prevent them from dying due to unsuitable water depths.

[0081] like Figure 1As shown, the shallow water section 100, medium water section 101, and deep water section 102 are made of the same material. The width of each turf piece is preferably 0.5-1m. The cultivated turf can be rolled into a cylindrical shape and transported to the river site. The diameter of the rolled turf cylinder should be ≤1.0m, wrapped with a waterproof membrane for seepage prevention, and filled with a damp straw mat with a moisture content ≥60%. During transportation, compression and deformation should be avoided to ensure a loss rate of <3%.

[0082] In river ecological restoration projects, multiple turf plots are required. For the first month after turf installation, the survival rate of aquatic plants is monitored weekly, and dead areas are replanted with the same variety of seeds. After three months, human intervention is gradually reduced to promote natural plant reproduction and the formation of bottom sediment microbial communities.

[0083] In various embodiments, the numerical range connected by "-" includes both a lower limit and an upper limit. For example, 0.5-1m means greater than or equal to 0.5m (meters) and less than or equal to 1m (meters). 1.2-2.0m means greater than or equal to 1.2m and less than or equal to 2.0m.

[0084] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the aquatic plant construction method and turf provided in the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the embodiments of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application. All equivalent modifications or changes made in accordance with the spirit and technical concept of this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing aquatic plants, characterized in that, include: Measure the water depth distribution and slope angle of the target area where aquatic plants are to be planted; Determine the channel cross-sectional lengths of the shallow water zone, the medium water zone, and the deep water zone based on the water depth distribution and slope angle. Configure bottom sediment structure; The bottom sediment structure is divided into shallow, medium, and deep water sections, which are sequentially connected. Emergent plants are planted in the shallow water section, floating-leaved plants in the medium water section, and submerged plants in the deep water section. The length of the shallow water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of the medium water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the medium water area is located, and the length of the deep water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the deep water area is located. Planting emergent plants in the shallow water section involves: evenly sowing the seeds of emergent plants on the surface of the shallow water section; covering with fine sand; and cultivating in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the emergent plants mature. When the roots of floating-leaved plants penetrate the shallow water section and the coverage of the shallow water section is ≥80%, they are transplanted into the river channel. Planting floating-leaved plants in the middle water section includes: evenly sowing the seeds of floating-leaved plants on the surface of the middle water section; covering with fine sand; and cultivating them in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of the floating-leaved plants penetrate the middle water section and the coverage of the middle water section is ≥80%, then transplanting them into the river channel. Planting submerged plants in the deep water section includes: evenly sowing the seeds of submerged plants on the surface of the deep water section; covering with fine sand; and cultivating them in a greenhouse or open-air pond for 2-3 months until the roots of the submerged plants penetrate the deep water section and the coverage of the deep water section is ≥80%, then transplanting them into the river channel. Align the edge of the shallow water section with the edge of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, ensuring that the shallow water section covers the river channel area where the shallow water area is located; and Align the edge of the deep water section with the edge of the river channel where the deep water area is located, so that the medium water section covers the river channel area where the medium water area is located, and the deep water section covers the river channel area where the deep water area is located.

2. The method for constructing aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The configured substrate structure includes: a composite substrate made by adding coconut coir and straw humus to the local substrate of the target area where aquatic plants are to be planted; and the addition of water-retaining agents and slow-release fertilizers.

3. The method for constructing aquatic plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The added water-retaining agent is 0.3-0.5 kg of polyacrylamide per cubic meter of composite substrate, and the added slow-release fertilizer is 1-2 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a ratio of 10:10:10 per cubic meter of composite substrate.

4. The method for constructing aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing density of the floating-leaved plant seeds is 5-8 g / m².

5. The method for constructing aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing density of the submerged plant seeds is 15-20 g / m².

6. The method for constructing aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alignment of the shallow water section edge and the river channel edge where the shallow water area is located includes: temporarily fixing the edge of the shallow water section with U-shaped nails and bottom sediment; and burying ecological anchors on the upstream side of the shallow water section for permanent fixation.

7. A turf, constructed using the method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The system includes a bottom sediment structure comprising a shallow water section, a medium water section, and a deep water section, which are sequentially and integrally connected. The shallow water section is provided with emergent plants, the medium water section with floating-leaved plants, and the deep water section with submerged plants. The length of the shallow water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the shallow water area is located, the length of the medium water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the medium water area is located, and the length of the deep water section is equal to the cross-sectional length of the river channel where the deep water area is located.

Images