Three-dimensional alternating current electric field sensor signal optimization method and system for high-voltage transmission electricity testing

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional alternating current electric field sensor signal optimization method and system for high-voltage transmission electricity verification, and relates to the technical field related to high-voltage electricity verification, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array which comprises three groups of electrode pairs distributed along an x axis, a y axis and a z axis; a corresponding controllable conduction unit is arranged for each pair of electrodes, so that each pair of electrodes is switched between a first state and a second state; acquiring a first alternating-current electric field response signal and a second alternating-current electric field response signal; analyzing the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal; and the electric field space vector of the high-voltage power transmission line is formed through combination according to the alternating current electric field response enhancement signals of each pair of electrodes. The technical problems of sensor signal distortion and poor high-voltage power transmission electricity testing accuracy and reliability caused by poor long-distance weak electric field response capability, fuzzy electric field direction discrimination and environmental noise interference in the prior art are solved, and the technical effect of improving the high-voltage power transmission electricity testing accuracy and reliability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field related to high-voltage electrical testing, and specifically to a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method and system for high-voltage transmission electrical testing. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage transmission lines are key hubs for power transmission, and their safe and stable operation directly affects the reliability and stability of the entire power grid. Electrical testing is an important part of ensuring the safety of high-voltage transmission line operations and can effectively avoid electric shock accidents. However, traditional high-voltage transmission electrical testing relies on the induced voltage of open-circuit electrodes for judgment. This method has poor response to long-distance weak electric fields, fuzzy directionality, and is greatly affected by environmental noise. In a closed-circuit state, the induced electric field can form a weak induced current in the loop, which can amplify the response but easily loses the ability to distinguish direction. In addition, during the high-voltage transmission electrical testing process, the AC electric field sensor, due to factors such as environmental electromagnetic interference and the sensor's own performance, often has problems such as low signal-to-noise ratio and signal distortion in the collected electric field signals, making it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the electrical testing results. At the same time, it is impossible to fully and accurately describe the complex spatial distribution of the electric field around the high-voltage transmission line, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-precision electrical testing.

[0003] Therefore, in the current related technologies, there are technical problems such as poor response capability to long-distance weak electric fields, fuzzy electric field direction judgment, and environmental noise interference, which lead to distortion of sensor signals and poor accuracy and reliability of high-voltage power transmission testing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application solves the technical problems in the prior art such as poor response capability to long-distance weak electric fields, fuzzy electric field direction judgment, and environmental noise interference, which lead to distortion of sensor signals and poor accuracy and reliability of high-voltage power transmission testing, by providing a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method and system for high-voltage power transmission testing. This achieves the technical effect of improving the accuracy and reliability of high-voltage power transmission testing.

[0005] The present application provides a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage transmission electrical testing, the method comprising: constructing a three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array comprising three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis; providing a corresponding controllable conductive unit for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, and switching each pair of electrodes between a first state and a second state through the controllable conductive unit, wherein the first state is an open circuit state and the second state is a closed circuit state; collecting a first AC electric field response signal and a second AC electric field response signal in the first state and the second state; analyzing the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal, and outputting an AC electric field response enhancement signal for each pair of electrodes; and combining the AC electric field response enhancement signal of each pair of electrodes to form an electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission inspection also performs the following processing: setting a switching control cycle, after collecting the first AC electric field response signal in the first state, switching the first state to the second state through the controllable conductive unit when the switching control cycle is met; collecting the second AC electric field response signal in the second state; synchronously collecting the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal of each pair of electrodes through the ADC module, and outputting multiple groups of first AC electric field response signals and multiple groups of second AC field response signals.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission inspection also performs the following processing: calculating the AC electric field response difference signal of each pair of electrodes based on the electric field gradient difference between the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal of each pair of electrodes; calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal, and outputting the AC electric field response effective signal of each pair of electrodes; using multiple cycles to perform moving average filtering on the AC electric field response effective signal, and outputting the AC electric field response enhanced signal of each pair of electrodes.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission inspection further performs the following processing: calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal along the x-axis direction, which is expressed as follows: ; is the effective signal of the AC electric field response in the x-axis direction, is the root mean square of the sinusoidal signal, is the sampling resistor value, is the total closed-circuit impedance, is the scalar value of the electric field strength, is the distance between the electrode pairs in the x-axis direction, is the angle between the electric field vector and the electrode pair in the x-axis direction, is the projection ratio of the electric field in the x-axis direction.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical inspection further performs the following processing: wherein the switching control period includes a first control period and a second control period, the first control period is used to control the sampling duration of the first state, and the second control period is used to control the sampling duration of the second state; The electric field intensity distribution is calculated according to the electric field space vector, and the ratio of the first control period to the second control period is adjusted according to the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission testing also performs the following processing: judging whether the gradient of the electric field strength distribution is lower than a preset threshold value; if it is lower than the preset threshold value, controlling to increase the ratio of the switching control period including the first control period and the second control period, and the first control period is greater than the second control period; if it is higher than the preset threshold value, controlling to reduce the ratio of the switching control period including the first control period and the second control period, and the second control period is greater than the first control period.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission inspection also performs the following processing: the controllable conductive unit includes a relay connected in series with each pair of electrodes; the controllable conductive unit is controlled by a microprocessor through GPIO to switch each pair of electrodes between the first state and the second state.

[0012] The present application also provides a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage transmission power testing, the system comprising: a sensor array construction module for constructing a three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array, the three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array comprising three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis; an electrode state switching module for setting a corresponding controllable conductive unit for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array, and switching each pair of electrodes between a first state and a second state through the controllable conductive unit, wherein the first state is an open circuit state and the second state is a closed circuit state; an electric field response signal acquisition module for acquiring the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal in the first state and the second state; a response enhancement signal output module for analyzing the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal, and outputting an AC electric field response enhancement signal for each pair of electrodes; an electric field space vector construction module for combining the electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line according to the AC electric field response enhancement signal of each pair of electrodes.

[0013] The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method and system for high-voltage transmission power testing proposed in this application is intended to construct a three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array, including three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis; set a corresponding controllable conduction unit for each pair of electrodes to switch each pair of electrodes between a first state and a second state; collect the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal; analyze the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal; and combine the electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line based on the AC electric field response enhancement signal of each pair of electrodes. This solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as poor long-distance weak electric field response capability, fuzzy electric field direction judgment, and environmental noise interference, which lead to sensor signal distortion and poor accuracy and reliability of high-voltage transmission power testing, and achieves the technical effect of improving the accuracy and reliability of high-voltage transmission power testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure are briefly introduced below. Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the systems according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in precise order. Instead, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously as needed. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0015] Figure 1 A flow chart of a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage transmission and electrical testing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Description of the accompanying drawings: sensor array construction module 10, electrode state switching module 20, electric field response signal acquisition module 30, response enhancement signal output module 40, electric field space vector construction module 50. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below.

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict, and the terms “first\second” involved are merely used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. The terms “including” and “having” and any variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and detection, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step S100 : constructing a three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, wherein the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array includes three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis.

[0022] Preferably, a three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array is constructed with three groups of mutually perpendicular electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, corresponding to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions in the Cartesian coordinate system, respectively. Each pair of electrodes includes two sensing electrodes, and its physical form can be a metal plate, a cylindrical or spherical probe. Specifically, the two electrodes of the x-axis electrode pair are arranged along the horizontal x-direction to sense the electric field component in the x-axis direction; the two electrodes of the y-axis electrode pair are arranged along the horizontal y-direction (perpendicular to the x-axis) to sense the electric field component in the y-axis direction; the two electrodes of the z-axis electrode pair are arranged along the vertical z-direction to sense the electric field component in the vertical direction; below the high-voltage transmission line, the x-axis can point to the direction of the line, the y-axis points to the side of the line, and the z-axis points to the normal direction of the ground, thereby covering the complete components of the three-dimensional electric field in space.

[0023] Preferably, when there is an alternating electric field in space (such as the power frequency electric field generated by a high-voltage transmission line), according to electromagnetic field theory, the electric field vector E can be decomposed into three orthogonal components: (i, j, k are the unit vectors in the x, y, and z directions respectively). The three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array is used for component sensing and independent signal acquisition. For example, the x-axis electrode pair is only sensitive to the electrostatic induction. Components generate responses, generating Proportional to the induced voltage ; The y-axis electrode pair only responds component, generating an induced voltage ; z-axis electrode pair only responds component, generating an induced voltage The induced voltage of each electrode pair is processed by an independent signal conditioning circuit (such as amplifier, filter), converted into a digital signal, and collected synchronously. 、 、 , the magnitude and direction of the electric field vector E at any point in space can be restored.

[0024] In step S200, a corresponding controllable conductive unit is provided for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, and each pair of electrodes is switched between a first state and a second state by the controllable conductive unit, wherein the first state is an open state and the second state is a closed state.

[0025] Preferably, a corresponding controllable conduction unit is provided for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array. This unit is used to dynamically switch between open-circuit sensing mode and closed-circuit amplification mode for the same pair of electrodes through state switching, balancing electric field direction sensing and signal enhancement. The controllable conduction unit is essentially a high-speed electronic switching circuit, typically including a switching element, employing a high-voltage relay with high withstand voltage and low noise to ensure reliable operation in high-voltage environments. A drive circuit generates a control signal to precisely switch the switch state (with a switching frequency of up to kHz). A protection module includes overvoltage protection and surge suppression circuits to prevent high-voltage breakdown. Each electrode pair (e.g., the two electrodes on the x-axis) is electrically connected via the controllable conduction unit. In the open-circuit state (the first state), the switch is open, leaving no current path between the electrodes. In the closed-circuit state (the second state), the switch is closed, and the electrodes form a closed loop through a load resistor.

[0026] Preferably, the controllable conduction unit switches between two states according to a preset timing to achieve complementarity. Specifically, in the open circuit state (direction sensing mode), there is no current between the electrodes, and only an induced voltage proportional to the electric field strength is generated through electrostatic induction, which is used to retain the directional information of the electric field vector. The polarity of the induced voltage is related to the direction of the electric field, which conforms to the traditional open circuit electric field measurement principle. The directional resolution is high, but the signal is weak (microvolt level), which is susceptible to noise interference and has poor response capability to long-distance weak electric fields. In the closed circuit state (signal enhancement mode), a closed loop is formed between the electrodes, and the induced electric field drives the flow of electrons to generate a weak current (milliampere level), which is used to amplify the electric field response through the current signal (the current amplitude is proportional to the electric field strength), improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and enhance the detection capability of long-distance weak electric fields. However, the current direction is determined by the closed loop, and the original electric field direction information may be lost.

[0027] Furthermore, step S200 also includes step S210, wherein the controllable conduction unit includes a relay connected in series with each pair of electrodes; and step S220, wherein the controllable conduction unit controls each pair of electrodes to switch between the first state and the second state via GPIO by a microprocessor.

[0028] Preferably, each electrode pair (such as the two electrodes on the x-axis) is connected in series with a high-voltage relay to control the on and off of the circuit, meeting the requirements of a withstand voltage ≥ 10kV (to prevent high-voltage breakdown), a switching time ≤ 1ms (to ensure real-time signal performance), and a normally open (NO) contact. The relay is disconnected in the open circuit state and closed in the closed circuit state. An industrial-grade microprocessor MCU (such as the STM32 series) is selected, which has multiple GPIO outputs and a high-precision timer. High and low-level signals are output through the GPIO pins to control the attraction and release of the relay. The drive circuit includes an isolation module, which uses an optical coupler or magnetic coupler to isolate the MCU from the relay to prevent high-voltage interference from damaging the MCU, and a power amplifier, that is, the 3.3V / 5V signal output by the MCU is amplified to a 12V / 24V drive voltage to ensure reliable operation of the relay.

[0029] Preferably, the microprocessor controls each pair of electrodes to switch between a first state and a second state through GPIO. Specifically, the first state (open circuit) is that the GPIO outputs a low level → the relay coil has no current → the contacts are disconnected → the electrode pair is in an open circuit state, and the second state (closed circuit) is that the GPIO outputs a high level → the relay coil is energized → the contacts are closed → the electrode pair forms a closed loop through the relay. At the same time, a periodic switching mode is adopted, and each measurement cycle is divided into an open circuit stage and a closed circuit stage. The state duration is accurately controlled by a timer (such as 5ms for the open circuit stage and 5ms for the closed circuit stage), and the switching timing of adjacent electrode pairs is staggered to avoid signal crosstalk. For example, the x-axis electrode pair switches first, and the y-axis switches with a delay of 1ms.

[0030] Step S300 : collecting a first alternating current electric field response signal and a second alternating current electric field response signal in the first state and the second state.

[0031] Step S300 further includes step S310, setting a switching control cycle, after collecting the first AC electric field response signal in the first state, switching the first state to the second state through the controllable conductive unit when the switching control cycle is met; step S320, collecting the second AC electric field response signal in the second state; step S330, synchronously collecting the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal of each pair of electrodes through the ADC module, and outputting multiple groups of first AC electric field response signals and multiple groups of second AC field response signals.

[0032] Preferably, a switching control cycle is set, that is, the time interval for the electrode pair to switch between the open circuit state (first state) and the closed circuit state (second state), which is used to temporarily switch to the closed circuit detection mode to form enhanced sensing when the signal is lower than the set threshold, and the cycle length must be much longer than the power frequency signal cycle (such as 50Hz power frequency corresponding to a cycle of 20ms, usually T=10ms~100ms), and the duration of the open circuit state within the cycle and closed circuit duration Can be equal or unequal (e.g. =5ms, =5ms), when the open circuit state lasts for When the microprocessor outputs the GPIO signal and switches to the closed circuit state; in each switching control cycle, the first AC electric field response signal is collected in the first state, specifically, the electrode pair is in the open circuit state, and the induced voltage It is proportional to the electric field strength and direction. Collect data at a high sampling rate (such as 10kHz) within a time period (t), forming a set of discrete sampling points, which are recorded as a first AC electric field response signal sequence; when the switching control period is satisfied, the first state is switched to the second state by the controllable conduction unit, and then the second AC electric field response signal is collected in the second state. Specifically, the electrode pair forms a closed loop, and the induced current Proportional to the electric field strength (direction information is lost), the ADC module Synchronous collection within a time period (t), forming a second AC electric field response signal sequence.

[0033] Preferably, the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal of each pair of electrodes are synchronously collected through the ADC module. Specifically, the x, y, and z axis electrode pairs are switched according to the same cycle but different phases (for example, the x axis leads the y axis by 3.3 ms, and the y axis leads the z axis by 3.3 ms). This may include all ADC channels being driven by the same clock source (such as the PLL output of a microprocessor), or the microprocessor outputting a synchronous trigger signal (SYNC) to all ADCs after the state switching is completed, and aligning the rising edges of the trigger signals to ensure that the ADCs of each axis start sampling at the same time; then, within each switching control cycle, a first AC electric field response signal group (corresponding to the sampling sequence of the x, y, and z axis electrode pairs in the open circuit state, respectively) and a second AC electric field response signal group (corresponding to the sampling sequence of the x, y, and z axis electrode pairs in the closed circuit state, respectively) are output, and ultimately multiple groups of first AC electric field response signals and multiple groups of second AC field response signals are output.

[0034] Furthermore, step S300 also includes step S340, wherein the switching control period includes a first control period and a second control period, the first control period is used to control the sampling duration of the first state, and the second control period is used to control the sampling duration of the second state; step S350, calculates the electric field intensity distribution according to the electric field space vector, and adjusts the ratio of the first control period and the second control period according to the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution.

[0035] Preferably, the switching control period includes a first control period and a second control period, wherein the first control period is the duration of the electrode pair in an open circuit state, at which time there is no current path between the electrodes, and only an induced voltage proportional to the electric field strength and direction is generated by electrostatic induction, retaining the direction information of the electric field vector; the second control period is the duration of the electrode pair in a closed circuit state, at which time the electrodes form a closed loop through the load resistor, and the induced electric field drives the electron flow to generate a current proportional to the electric field strength, and the electric field response is amplified by the current signal (signal enhancement). Improving the second control period can improve the amplitude measurement signal-to-noise ratio, such as =200ms, the current effective value measurement error can be reduced to less than 1%.

[0036] Preferably, the electric field intensity distribution is calculated based on the electric field space vector, that is, the electric field vectors at adjacent moments are used to synthesize spatial differences, and high-frequency noise is suppressed through sliding window filtering (such as 5-point averaging), and then the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution is calculated to characterize the rate of change of the electric field intensity in space. The gradient amplitude reflects the severity of the electric field change. The electric field direction changes rapidly in high-gradient areas (such as discharge tips and insulator damage), and the electric field amplitude is stable in low-gradient areas (such as uniform electric field areas). When the gradient amplitude is greater than the absolute threshold (such as 100V / m²), the ratio of the first control period to the second control period is adjusted. As shown in Table 1, the mapping relationship between the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution and the period ratio is: Table 1 Electric field intensity distribution gradient and period ratio mapping table

[0037] Step S400: Analyze the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal, and output an enhanced AC electric field response signal for each pair of electrodes.

[0038] Step S400 further includes step S410, calculating the AC electric field response difference signal of each pair of electrodes based on the electric field gradient difference between the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal of each pair of electrodes; step S420, calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal and outputting the AC electric field response effective signal of each pair of electrodes; step S430, using multiple cycles to perform moving average filtering on the AC electric field response effective signal, and outputting the AC electric field response enhanced signal of each pair of electrodes.

[0039] Preferably, the electric field distribution of each pair of electrodes in the first state and the second state is different, and different electric signals (such as voltage, current) are induced, that is, the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal, and there is a difference in the electric field direction or electric field intensity distribution around the electrodes, forming an electric field gradient difference (for example, relay switching causes the current direction to change, thereby changing the electric field distribution); then the AC electric field response difference signal of each pair of electrodes is calculated, and only the change in the electric field response in the two states is retained, thereby eliminating the influence of background noise or constant electric field and highlighting the change in the response of the electrode pair to the electric field.

[0040] Preferably, the difference signal may be a periodic AC signal (such as a sine wave), whose instantaneous value varies with time. The effective value is an equivalent DC value that eliminates high-frequency noise and represents the actual energy or "effective intensity" of the signal, reflecting the intensity of the electrode's response to the electric field. For example, the effective value of a sinusoidal voltage is its peak value. times, specifically, calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal, that is, calculating each periodic waveform of the difference signal (such as square, average, square root), and obtaining the effective value, which is used to measure the actual energy or intensity of the difference signal, can more stably reflect the strength of the signal, avoid misjudgment caused by instantaneous peak fluctuations, and then output the effective AC electric field response signal corresponding to each pair of electrodes.

[0041] Preferably, multiple cycles are used to perform moving average filtering on the effective signal of the AC electric field response, wherein the moving average filtering averages the effective signal of the current cycle with the signals of the previous several cycles to obtain a smooth signal. For example, if a 3-cycle moving average is used, the current output is the average of the current value and the values ​​of the previous two cycles, thereby reducing random noise and enhancing the real signal characteristics. Specifically, effective signals of multiple cycles (such as 10 cycles) are continuously collected, and moving average calculations are performed successively so that the output signal gradually "filters out" short-term fluctuations and retains long-term trends. The output signal after moving average filtering is called an AC electric field response enhanced signal, which has a higher signal-to-noise ratio, so that it can be used for electric field distribution analysis and target detection (such as capacitance imaging, bioelectric signal monitoring, etc.).

[0042] Furthermore, step S420 further includes calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal along the x-axis direction, which is expressed as follows: ; is the effective signal of the AC electric field response in the x-axis direction, is the root mean square of the sinusoidal signal, is the sampling resistor value, is the total closed-circuit impedance, is the scalar value of the electric field strength, is the distance between the electrode pairs in the x-axis direction, is the angle between the electric field vector and the electrode pair in the x-axis direction, is the projection ratio of the electric field in the x-axis direction.

[0043] Step S500: combining the AC electric field response enhancement signals of each pair of electrodes to form the electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line.

[0044] Preferably, each electrode pair corresponds to a spatial position point (or area) in the monitoring area, and the enhanced signal value (or decomposed component) of each electrode pair is used as the amplitude of the vector, combined with its spatial position and detection direction (such as the connection direction of the electrode pair), to form the electric field vector of the position, wherein the electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis represent the electric field component in the x-axis direction, the cross-arranged electrode pairs can simultaneously obtain the components in the x and y directions, and the electrode pairs distributed along the z-axis represent the electric field component in the z-axis direction; the electric field vectors of all electrode pairs are mapped to the coordinate system according to their spatial positions, including the electric field vectors of the electrode pairs. The amplitude of the enhanced signal of the AC electric field response of the electrode pair represents the electric field strength; based on the phase difference of the signal or the conduction state of the electrode pair (such as the signal polarity of the first state and the second state), the direction of the electric field (such as the direction of the electric field line) is determined to form a vector set, each of which corresponds to the electric field direction and intensity of a point in the monitoring area. The whole constitutes an electric field space vector field, which intuitively reflects the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the electric field around the high-voltage line, such as intensity gradient, direction change, abnormal hot spots, etc. Among them, the area with a larger vector modulus is a strong electric field area, and the direction of the vector arrow reflects the direction of the electric field line.

[0045] In the above, refer to Figure 1 The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and detection according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail. Figure 2 A three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0046] The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage power transmission inspection according to the embodiment of the present invention is used to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art such as poor response capability to long-distance weak electric fields, fuzzy electric field direction judgment, and environmental noise interference, which lead to sensor signal distortion and poor accuracy and reliability of high-voltage power transmission inspection, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the accuracy and reliability of high-voltage power transmission inspection. Figure 2 As shown, the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage power transmission inspection includes: a sensor array construction module 10, an electrode state switching module 20, an electric field response signal acquisition module 30, a response enhancement signal output module 40, and an electric field space vector construction module 50.

[0047] The sensor array construction module 10 is used to construct a three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array, wherein the three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array includes three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis; the electrode state switching module 20 is used to set a corresponding controllable conductive unit for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array, and each pair of electrodes is switched between a first state and a second state through the controllable conductive unit, wherein the first state is an open circuit state and the second state is a closed circuit state; the electric field response signal acquisition module 30 is used to collect the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal in the first state and the second state; the response enhancement signal output module 40 is used to analyze the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal and output the AC electric field response enhancement signal of each pair of electrodes; the electric field space vector construction module 50 is used to combine and form the electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line based on the AC electric field response enhancement signal of each pair of electrodes.

[0048] The specific configuration of the electric field response signal acquisition module 30 will be described in detail below. The electric field response signal acquisition module 30 further includes: setting a switching control period, after acquiring a first AC electric field response signal in the first state, switching the first state to the second state via the controllable conduction unit when the switching control period is satisfied; acquiring a second AC electric field response signal in the second state; and synchronously acquiring the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC field response signal from each pair of electrodes via the ADC module, and outputting multiple sets of first AC electric field response signals and multiple sets of second AC field response signals.

[0049] The specific configuration of the response-enhanced signal output module 40 will be described in detail below. The response-enhanced signal output module 40 further includes: calculating an AC electric field response difference signal for each pair of electrodes based on the electric field gradient difference between the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal for each pair of electrodes; calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal and outputting an effective AC electric field response signal for each pair of electrodes; and performing a moving average filter on the effective AC electric field response signal using multiple cycles to output an enhanced AC electric field response signal for each pair of electrodes.

[0050] The specific configuration of the response enhancement signal output module 40 will be described in detail below. The response enhancement signal output module 40 further includes: calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal along the x-axis direction, and the expression is as follows: ; is the effective signal of the AC electric field response in the x-axis direction, is the root mean square of the sinusoidal signal, is the sampling resistor value, is the total closed-circuit impedance, is the scalar value of the electric field strength, is the distance between the electrode pairs in the x-axis direction, is the angle between the electric field vector and the electrode pair in the x-axis direction, is the projection ratio of the electric field in the x-axis direction.

[0051] The specific configuration of the electric field response signal acquisition module 30 will be described in detail below. The electric field response signal acquisition module 30 further includes: wherein the switching control period includes a first control period and a second control period, the first control period is used to control the sampling duration of the first state, and the second control period is used to control the sampling duration of the second state; the electric field intensity distribution is calculated based on the electric field space vector, and the ratio of the first control period to the second control period is adjusted according to the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution.

[0052] The specific configuration of the electric field response signal acquisition module 30 will be described in detail below. The electric field response signal acquisition module 30 further includes: determining whether the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution is lower than a preset threshold; if so, increasing the ratio of the first control period to the second control period within the switching control period, where the first control period is greater than the second control period; and decreasing the ratio of the first control period to the second control period within the switching control period, where the second control period is greater than the first control period.

[0053] The specific configuration of the electrode state switching module 20 will be described in detail below. The electrode state switching module 20 further includes: a controllable conduction unit including a relay connected in series with each pair of electrodes; the controllable conduction unit is controlled by a microprocessor through a GPIO to switch each pair of electrodes between a first state and a second state.

[0054] The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing provided in an embodiment of the present invention can execute the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0055] Although the present application makes various references to certain modules in the system according to the embodiments of the present application, any number of different modules may be used and run on the user terminal and / or server, and the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and detection, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing a three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, wherein the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array includes three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis; A corresponding controllable conduction unit is provided for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, and each pair of electrodes is switched between a first state and a second state by the controllable conduction unit, wherein the first state is an open circuit state and the second state is a closed circuit state; collecting a first alternating current electric field response signal and a second alternating current electric field response signal in the first state and the second state; analyzing the first alternating current electric field response signal and the second alternating current electric field response signal, and outputting an alternating current electric field response enhancement signal for each pair of electrodes; The AC electric field response enhancement signals of each pair of electrodes are combined to form the electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line.

2. The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of collecting a first alternating current electric field response signal and a second alternating current electric field response signal in the first state and the second state includes: Setting a switching control period, after collecting the first AC electric field response signal in the first state, switching the first state to the second state through the controllable conduction unit when the switching control period is met; collecting a second AC electric field response signal in the second state; The ADC module synchronously collects the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal of each pair of electrodes, and outputs multiple groups of first AC electric field response signals and multiple groups of second AC electric field response signals.

3. The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Analyzing the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal, and outputting an AC electric field response enhancement signal for each pair of electrodes, the method includes: Calculating an AC electric field response difference signal for each pair of electrodes according to an electric field gradient difference between the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal of each pair of electrodes; Calculating the effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal and outputting the AC electric field response effective signal of each pair of electrodes; The AC electric field response effective signal is subjected to moving average filtering using multiple cycles, and an AC electric field response enhancement signal of each pair of electrodes is output.

4. The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The effective value of the AC electric field response difference signal along the x-axis is calculated as follows: ； is the effective signal of the AC electric field response in the x-axis direction, is the root mean square of the sinusoidal signal, is the sampling resistor value, is the total closed-circuit impedance, is the scalar value of the electric field strength, is the distance between the electrode pairs in the x-axis direction, is the angle between the electric field vector and the electrode pair in the x-axis direction, is the projection ratio of the electric field in the x-axis direction.

5. The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Set the switching control period, the method also include: The switching control period includes a first control period and a second control period, the first control period is used to control the sampling duration of the first state, and the second control period is used to control the sampling duration of the second state; The electric field intensity distribution is calculated according to the electric field space vector, and the ratio of the first control period to the second control period is adjusted according to the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution.

6. The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The method comprises: determining whether the gradient of the electric field intensity distribution is lower than a preset threshold, and if so, controlling to increase the ratio of the switching control period to the first control period and the second control period, wherein the first control period is greater than the second control period; If it is higher than the preset threshold, the switching control period is controlled to reduce the ratio of the first control period to the second control period, and the second control period is greater than the first control period.

7. The three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The controllable conduction unit includes a relay connected in series with each pair of electrodes; The controllable conduction unit is controlled by a microprocessor through GPIO to switch each pair of electrodes between a first state and a second state.

8. A three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization system for high-voltage power transmission and testing, characterized by: The system is used to implement the three-dimensional AC electric field sensor signal optimization method for high-voltage power transmission and electrical inspection according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the system includes: A sensor array construction module, used to construct a three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array, wherein the three-dimensional orthogonal sensor array includes three groups of electrode pairs distributed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis; an electrode state switching module, configured to provide a corresponding controllable conduction unit for each pair of electrodes in the three-dimensional orthogonal sensing array, and to switch each pair of electrodes between a first state and a second state via the controllable conduction unit, wherein the first state is an open circuit state and the second state is a closed circuit state; An electric field response signal acquisition module, configured to acquire a first alternating current electric field response signal and a second alternating current electric field response signal in the first state and the second state; a response enhancement signal output module, configured to analyze the first AC electric field response signal and the second AC electric field response signal, and output an AC electric field response enhancement signal for each pair of electrodes; The electric field space vector construction module is used to enhance the signal according to the AC electric field response of each pair of electrodes and combine them to form the electric field space vector of the high-voltage transmission line.

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