Dimming assembly, backlight source, image source, head-up display device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a dimming assembly, a backlight source and an image source, and belongs to the technical field of optical imaging. The dimming assembly is applied to a backlight source of a head-up display device and comprises a plurality of light cones, and the cross sectional areas of the light cones are monotonically increased in the direction from the light-in face to the light-out face of the light cones; the light cone is configured to adjust main light rays of emergent light rays received by the light cone, so that the light rays can be projected to an eye box central area of the head-up display equipment; main light ray directions of emergent light rays of the light cones corresponding to different partitions of a display panel of the head-up display equipment are different.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of optical imaging technology, and particularly relates to a dimming component, a backlight source, an image source, a head-up display device, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Head-up display (HUD) technology uses optical reflection to project light from an image source onto an imaging window (such as an imaging board or windshield). This light is then reflected back into the eye box, creating a virtual image. This virtual image can display desired information, such as vehicle speed, to prevent the driver from being distracted by looking down at the dashboard. This improves driving safety and provides a better driving experience.

[0003] In the backlight source of existing head-up display devices, multiple components are required to focus, guide, and even the light emitted by the light-emitting device to make the light more uniform. However, this also leads to low backlight efficiency and dispersion problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a dimming component, a backlight source, an image source, a head-up display device and a vehicle.

[0005] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dimming component, which is applied to a backlight source of a head-up display device, and includes:

[0006] A plurality of light cones, wherein the cross-sectional areas of the light cones increase monotonically along the direction from the light incident surface to the light exit surface; the light cones are configured to adjust the chief ray of the light emitted by the light-emitting device received thereby so that the light can be projected onto the central area of ​​the eye box of the head-up display device; and the chief ray directions of the light emitted by the light cones corresponding to different partitions of the display panel of the head-up display device are different.

[0007] The light cone is configured to form the light emitted therethrough into an illumination area having a preset shape, and the preset shape includes a rectangle or a hexagon.

[0008] Wherein, the light-emitting surface of the light cone is rectangular or hexagonal.

[0009] The light cones are arranged in an array, and the dimming component further comprises a plurality of lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light cones, and the lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces are arranged on the light-emitting surface side of the corresponding light cones;

[0010] The light cone is configured to adjust the principal ray of the light emitted by the light emitting device according to the principal ray angle required by the display panel partition;

[0011] The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface is configured to gather the emergent light of the corresponding light cone.

[0012] The light cone includes a plurality of side surfaces connected between edges of its light incident surface and light exit surface; for at least some of the plurality of light cones, at least one group of oppositely disposed side surfaces among the plurality of side surfaces of the light cone forms different dihedral angles with the light incident surface of the light cone;

[0013] The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface is a non-decentered lens.

[0014] Wherein, the lens with the arc-shaped convex surface and the light cone are an integrally formed structure.

[0015] Wherein, the dimming component further includes a diffusion element formed on the light-emitting surface of the lens having the arc-shaped convex surface;

[0016] The diffusion element includes a plurality of first microstructures configured to diffuse the light emitted from the lens having the arc-shaped convex surface.

[0017] In which, the first microstructure is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface of the lens with an arc-shaped convex surface, arranged side by side along the row direction, and the extension direction of the cylindrical lens has an angle with the column direction; the row direction is the row direction in which the light cones are arranged in an array, and the column direction is the column direction in which the light cones are arranged in an array.

[0018] Wherein, the light cone, the lens with the arc-shaped convex surface and the diffusion element are an integrally formed structure.

[0019] Wherein, the dimming component further includes a lens array, and the lens array includes a first substrate and a plurality of lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces arranged on the first substrate;

[0020] There is a gap between the lens array and the light cones; the multiple lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple light cones;

[0021] The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface is configured to gather the light emitted by the corresponding light cone.

[0022] Wherein, the dimming component further includes a diffusion element formed on the light-emitting surface of the lens array;

[0023] The diffusion element includes a plurality of first microstructures and is configured to diffuse the light emitted from the lens array.

[0024] The first microstructure is a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged side by side along the length direction of the first substrate, and an extension direction of the cylindrical lenses forms an angle with a width direction of the first substrate.

[0025] Wherein, the lens array and the dispersing element are an integrally formed structure.

[0026] The dimming component further includes a second substrate, the light cone is disposed on the second substrate, and a diffusion element is formed on a surface of the second substrate facing away from the light cone.

[0027] The first microstructure is a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged side by side along the length direction of the second substrate, and an extension direction of the cylindrical lenses forms an angle with a width direction of the second substrate.

[0028] Wherein, the dimming component further includes a free-form surface lens, and the free-form surface lens is arranged on the light-emitting surface side of the light cone;

[0029] The light cone is configured to adjust the principal ray of the light emitted by the light emitting device according to the principal ray angle required by the display panel partition;

[0030] The free-form surface lens is configured to converge the emergent light rays of each light cone.

[0031] Wherein, the dimming component further includes a diffusion element formed on the light-emitting surface of the free-form surface lens;

[0032] The diffusion element includes a plurality of first microstructures and is configured to diffuse the light emitted from the free-form surface lens.

[0033] In which, the light cones are arranged in an array, the first microstructure is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface of the free-form surface lens and arranged side by side along the row direction, and the extension direction of the cylindrical lens has an angle with the column direction; the row direction is the row direction of the light cones arranged in an array, and the column direction is the column direction of the light cones arranged in an array.

[0034] Wherein, the free-form surface lens and the light cone are an integrally formed structure; or,

[0035] The free-form surface lens and the light cone are separate structures, and there is a gap between them.

[0036] Wherein, the outer contour of the light incident surface of the light cone is circular or rectangular.

[0037] Wherein, the light incident surface of the light cone is a plane or a free-form surface.

[0038] The present disclosure provides a backlight source, comprising:

[0039] a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting devices;

[0040] The dimming component is arranged on the light-emitting surface side of the corresponding light-emitting device and is configured to adjust the emission direction of the light emitted by the light-emitting device; the dimming component adopts any of the dimming components described above.

[0041] The plurality of light-emitting devices are located in the same horizontal plane, and the directions of the main rays of the light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting devices are the same.

[0042] The plurality of light-emitting devices are located in the same horizontal plane, and the directions of the main rays of the light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting devices are the same.

[0043] Wherein, one of the light cones is opposite to one or more of the light-emitting devices.

[0044] Wherein, the distance between the light cone and the light emitting device is 0.1-0.4 mm.

[0045] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an image source in a head-up display device, comprising:

[0046] Backlight;

[0047] The display panel is arranged on the light-emitting side of the backlight source, and is used to convert the light of the backlight source into image light and output it to a preset area; wherein,

[0048] The backlight source adopts any of the backlight sources described above.

[0049] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a head-up display device, comprising:

[0050] Image source;

[0051] A reflective imaging element, the reflective imaging element is used to receive the image light and output the image light to the preset area; wherein,

[0052] The image source is the above-mentioned image source.

[0053] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0054] Head-up display device;

[0055] A windshield, the windshield being used to reflect the image light emitted by the head-up display device to the preset area; wherein,

[0056] The head-up display device is the above-mentioned head-up display device.

[0057] The dimming component in the disclosed embodiment includes a light cone capable of adjusting the principal light beam according to the display panel's partitioning. Light emitted by the light-emitting device, after passing through the light cone, serves as the display panel's backlight, enabling the display panel to properly image. During imaging, the image light is reflected by a reflective imaging device (e.g., a vehicle's windshield) and reaches the eyebox area, allowing viewers to view the image formed by the display panel from any position within the eyebox area. The dimming component in the disclosed embodiment can achieve backlight adjustment solely through the light cone, significantly improving lighting efficiency and reducing dispersion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application of the head-up display device provided in some examples.

[0059] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the application of head-up display devices provided in other examples.

[0060] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure applied to a head-up display device.

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an illumination area formed by a dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another illumination area formed by the dimming component of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an exemplary dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the light-emitting surface of the lens of the dimming component having an arc-shaped convex surface.

[0066] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tilted light cone combined with the non-decentered lens in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0067] Figure 10 Three schematic diagrams of light adjustment by multiple first microstructures provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the independent arrangement of the light cone and the lens with the curved convex surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0069] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of light cones arranged in an array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of a lens array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of a side of a first substrate away from a lens having an arc-shaped convex surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0072] Figure 15 This is a partially enlarged view of a dispersing element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure formed on a side of a first substrate away from a lens having an arc-shaped convex surface.

[0073] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of a side of the second substrate away from the light cone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of another exemplary dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the independent arrangement of the light cone and the free-form surface lens in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of a backlight source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of another backlight source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of an image source according to a disclosed embodiment.

[0079] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of another image source according to the disclosed embodiment.

[0080] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] Figure 24 Schematic diagrams of head-up display devices and windshields according to some examples of the present disclosure.

[0082] The reference numerals are: 100 - image source; 10 - backlight source; 1011 - light emitting device; 20 - display panel; 21 - first polarizer; 22 - second polarizer; 23 - liquid crystal layer; 24 - polarization control element; 30 - dimming component; 301 - light cone; 302 - diffusion element; 303 - lens with curved convex surface; 304 - second substrate; 305 - first substrate; 306 - free-form surface lens; 3021 - polycrystalline silicon; Optical structure; 3021a-focusing surface; 3022-diverging structure; 3022a-diverging surface; 40-homogenizing diffusion element; 310-illuminance area; 200-windshield; 300-eye box area; 300a-eye box center area; 400-virtual image; 500-reflective imaging element; 501-magnifying element; 502-plane reflector; 600-housing; 601-opening; S1-first plane; S2-focal plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0084] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0085] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure should have the ordinary meaning understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "include" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0086] As used herein, "parallel" and "perpendicular" include the conditions described and conditions similar to the conditions described, and the range of the similar conditions is within an acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the specific quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism can be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, a deviation within 5°.

[0087] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0088] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0089] Figure 1 The following are application diagrams of head-up display devices provided in some examples. The head-up display device can be installed on vehicles and other transportation vehicles. Figure 1As shown, the head-up display device includes an image source 100 for outputting image light. Image source 100 includes a backlight source 10 and a display panel 20 disposed on the light-emitting side of backlight source 10. For example, display panel 20 is a liquid crystal display panel. Display panel 20 includes multiple pixel units, each of which includes multiple pixels. For example, each pixel unit includes red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels; for another example, each pixel unit includes red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and white pixels. Display panel 20 is used to convert light from backlight source 10 into image light. The vehicle's windshield 200 is used to reflect the image light toward an eyebox area 300. When an observer's eyes are within eyebox area 300, they can see the image formed by the image light. In this case, the observer sees a virtual image 400 formed by reflection from the windshield 200. The observer can be a driver or a passenger. The observer can obtain required vehicle information, such as driving speed and fuel consumption, from the virtual image 400 in front of their line of sight. Other information can also be obtained, such as images from a virtual rearview mirror or audio and video entertainment.

[0090] The eyebox 300 of a head-up display device specifically refers to the area where the viewer's eyes are located and where the image displayed by the head-up display device can be seen. Eyebox 300 has a certain size. Even if the viewer's eyes are offset by a certain distance from the center of eyebox 300, such as vertically or horizontally, as long as they remain within eyebox 300, they can still see the image displayed by the head-up display device.

[0091] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the application of the head-up display device provided in some other examples; Figure 2 As shown, the backlight source 10 includes a light source 101, a converging element 102, and a light angle control element 103. The light source 101 may be composed of a plurality of optical devices, the converging element 102 may be a lens, and the light angle control element 103 may include a direction control film and a diffusion element. In this case, the outgoing light of the light emitting device is converged and collimated by the lens and then irradiated onto the direction control film. The direction control film further adjusts the main light direction, divergence angle, etc. of the light, and then the light is diffused by the diffusion element to provide backlight for the display panel. After the light is adjusted by the direction control film, the main light of the outgoing light of each pixel of the display panel can be directed toward the center area 300a of the eye box.

[0092] It should be noted that the eye box central area 300a is a small area covering the geometric center of the eye box area 300. For example, the center of the eye box central area 300a coincides with the center of the eye box area 300. The shapes of the eye box central area 300a and the eye box area 300 can be the same or different.

[0093] The inventors have discovered that after the light emitted by the light emitting device passes through multiple components for homogenization, the backlight efficiency is low and there is a dispersion problem.

[0094] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a dimming component, a backlight source including the dimming component, an image source, a head-up display device, and a vehicle.

[0095] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a dimming component 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the dimming component 30 of the embodiment of the present disclosure applied to a head-up display device; Figure 3 and 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dimming component 30, which can be arranged between the display panel 20 of the head-up display device and the light-emitting device 1011 of the backlight source, and is used to adjust the main light of the outgoing light of the light-emitting device 1011. The dimming component 30 includes a plurality of light cones 301. For each light cone 301, its cross-sectional area increases monotonically along the direction from its light incident surface to the light exiting surface, and the main light direction of the light cone 301 corresponding to different partitions of the display panel 20 is different. The light cone 301 is configured to adjust the main light of the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 it receives, so that the light can eventually be projected onto the center area of ​​the eye box of the head-up display device.

[0096] Among them, Figure 4 Each light-emitting device is in the same horizontal plane, the light incident surface of each light cone is in the same horizontal plane, and the light emitting surface of the light-emitting device and the light incident surface of the light cone are arranged in parallel; the light emitting surface of each light cone is in the same horizontal plane and is arranged parallel to the display surface of the display panel. In this case, the light emitting surface of the light-emitting device, the light incident surface and the light emitting surface of the light cone, and the display surface of the display panel are all arranged in parallel. Of course, in actual applications, according to actual needs, the light incident surface of the light-emitting device and the display surface of the display panel can also form a certain angle. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-emitting devices are fixed on a horizontal light board so that each light-emitting device is in the same horizontal plane.

[0097] Furthermore, the dimming assembly may further include a diffusion element 302, which is disposed on the light-emitting surface side of the light cone 301. The diffusion element 302 is configured to diffuse the light emitted by the light cone 301 so that the light can be projected onto the entire eyebox area. This expands the viewing range, and the observer can now see the image presented by the display panel 20 at any position in the eyebox area.

[0098] Furthermore, in order to enable the image formed by the display panel 20 to be effectively projected on the reflective imaging device, different partitions of the display panel 20 require light with different main ray angles. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the main ray of the outgoing light of the light cone 301 is set according to the different partitions of the display panel 20, so that the main ray of the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 through the light cone 301 meets the requirements of its corresponding display panel partition. The adjustment of the main ray of the outgoing light of the light cone 301 can be achieved by adjusting the inclination angle of the light cone 301. Among them, the inclination angle of the light cone 301 refers to the angle formed by the connection between the center of the light incident surface and the center of the light exit surface of the light cone 301 and the horizontal. In other words, the adjustment of the main ray of the outgoing light of the light cone 301 can be achieved by the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the light incident surface and the center of the light exit surface of the light cone 301 and the horizontal plane.

[0099] Furthermore, in one example, the light entrance surface and light exit surface of each light cone 301 are arranged in parallel, and the shape and size (e.g., area) of the light entrance surface of each light cone 301 are equal, and the shape and size (e.g., area) of the light exit surface of each light cone 301 are equal. The tilt angle of the light cone 301 can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the light entrance surface and the light exit surface of each light cone 301 to adjust the relative position of the center of the light entrance surface and the center of the light exit surface. Of course, the adjustment of the tilt angle of the light cone 301 is not limited to this, and can also be achieved by adjusting the area size of the light entrance surface and / or the light exit surface of the light cone 301, etc., which are not listed here one by one.

[0100] The dimming component 30 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light cone 301 capable of adjusting the main light beam according to the display panel partition, and a diffusion element 302 for diffusing the outgoing light beam of the light cone 301. At this time, the outgoing light beam of the light-emitting device 1011, after passing through the light cone 301 and the diffusion element 302, serves as the backlight of the display panel 20, so that the display panel 20 can form an image normally. During imaging, the image light is reflected by a reflective imaging device (such as a vehicle's windshield) and reaches the eye box area, so that the viewer can see the image formed by the display panel 20 at any position in the eye box area. The dimming component 30 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve backlight adjustment only through the cooperation of the light cone 301 and the diffusion element 302, which can greatly improve the light efficiency and reduce dispersion.

[0101] In some examples, the light cone 301 is configured to form the light emitted therethrough into an illumination area 310 having a preset shape, wherein the preset shape includes a rectangle or a hexagon, for example, a square or a regular hexagon. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an illumination area formed by a dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6A schematic diagram of another illumination area formed by the dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 The illumination area 310 is a square, Figure 6 The illumination area 310 is a regular hexagon, similar to a square; Figure 5 and 6 Furthermore, the illumination areas 310 formed by the light emitted by each light cone 301 have the same shape. In this case, the illumination areas 310 formed by the light emitted by each light cone 301 can achieve seamless contact, thereby improving the uniformity of the backlight. Of course, the edges of the illumination areas 310 formed by the light emitted by each light cone 301 may also overlap.

[0102] Furthermore, the shape of the light exit surface of the light cone 301 defines the shape of the illumination area 310 formed by the light emitted therefrom. Therefore, the light exit surface of the light cone 301 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be any one of a square, a rectangle or a regular hexagon.

[0103] In some examples, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the light-emitting surface of the lens with an arc-shaped convex surface of the dimming component; Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the dimming assembly 30 not only includes the aforementioned structure, but also includes a plurality of lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces, each corresponding to the light cones 301. Specifically, the light cones 301 in the disclosed embodiment are arranged in an array, with a lens 303 with a curved convex surface disposed on the light-emitting surface of each light cone 301. The diffusion assembly is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the lens 303 with a curved convex surface. The lens 303 with a curved convex surface is configured to converge the light emitted by the corresponding light cone 301. The reason why the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface is provided is because the emitted light of the light-emitting device 1011 is divergent. After the emitted light passes through the light cone 301 for adjustment, not only the main light is adjusted, but also the light is collected as a whole. The light emitted through the light cone 301 is still divergent. At this time, the light is gathered by the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface provided on the light-emitting surface side of the light cone 301, so as to further collect the emitted light of the light cone 301 in the direction of the main light required by the corresponding display panel partition, and adjust the overall light to within a preset angle range to provide backlight for the display panel 20. It should be noted here that the light incident surface size and shape of each light cone 301 are the same. In the embodiment disclosed herein, the light cones 301 are arranged in an array, which means that the light-emitting surfaces of the light cones 301 are arranged in an array with the light-emitting surface of the light cone 301 as a reference, that is, the light cones 301 are arranged in an array. In addition, Figure 7The dimming component 30 mainly adjusts the main light of the light emitted by the light emitting device 1011 through the light cone 301, and the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface focuses the light emitted by the light cone 301.

[0104] In some examples, there are gaps between the light-emitting surfaces of each light cone 301. This is done to facilitate preparation, but it should be understood that the gaps between the light-emitting surfaces of each light cone 301 are very small to avoid the problem of uneven light.

[0105] In some examples, the dimming component 30 in the disclosed embodiments can also adjust the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 by reducing the size of a single light cone 301 and increasing the number of light cones 301. In this case, the light can be adjusted to meet the display panel partition requirements without providing a lens 303 with a curved convex surface. In this case, since the number of light cones 301 is sufficient and the light-emitting surface of a single light cone 301 is relatively small, the light adjustment is more precise. It should be understood that since the number of display panel partitions and the number of light-emitting devices are positively correlated with the number of light cones 301, the number of light cones 301 needs to be limited according to specific circumstances in actual applications.

[0106] In order to make the structure of the dimming component 30 of the embodiment of the present disclosure clearer, the following description will be given with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that in the following examples, only the light cone 301 is taken as a quadrangular pyramid, that is, having four sides. For at least part of the multiple light cones 301, the dihedral angle formed by at least one group of relative side surfaces among the multiple side surfaces of each light cone 301 and its light incident surface is not equal, that is, the dihedral angle formed by at least one group of relative side surfaces among the multiple side surfaces of each light cone 301 and its light incident surface may be unequal, or the dihedral angle formed by at least one group of relative side surfaces among the multiple side surfaces of a part of the light cone 301 and its light incident surface may be unequal, and the dihedral angle formed by the relative side surfaces among the multiple side surfaces of the remaining part of the light cone 301 and its light incident surface is equal. The first example: refer to Figure 7 The dimming assembly 30 includes light cones 301 arranged in an array. Lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces are disposed on the light-emitting surfaces of the light cones 301, each corresponding to the other. A diffuser 302 is formed on the light-emitting surfaces of the lenses 303. In this example, the lenses 303 are non-decentered. The light cones 301, lenses 303, and diffuser 302 form an integrated structure. Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tilted light cone combined with the non-decentered lens according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 9As shown, the light cone 301 adopts an inclined light cone 301, and the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface adopts a non-decentered lens. In this example, the main light direction of the light cone 301 corresponding to different partitions of the display panel 20 is different, and the main light angle of the light is adjusted by the light cone 301 ( Figure 9 The example of the thickened light is a light emitted in the direction of the principal light. The light emitted through the light cone 301 is focused by a non-decentered lens so that the light is emitted roughly in the direction of the principal light, providing backlight for the display panel 20. Furthermore, in this example, the light cone 301, the lens 303 having a curved convex surface, and the diffusion element 302 are integrally formed, which can further reduce dispersion and improve light efficiency.

[0107] Furthermore, since the light cones 301 are arranged in an array, the corresponding lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces are also arranged in an array. The first microstructure in the diffusion element 302 is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface side of the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces and arranged side by side along the row direction, and the extension direction of the cylindrical lens forms an angle with the column direction, for example, an angle of 3°. The row direction is the row direction of the light cones 301 arranged in the array, and the column direction is the column direction of the light cones 301 arranged in the array. It should be noted that row and column are relative concepts. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the direction in which the number of lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces arranged side by side is relatively large is referred to as the row direction, and the direction in which the number of lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces arranged side by side is relatively small is referred to as the column direction.

[0108] Furthermore, for the convenience of description, the row direction is referred to as the first direction, the column direction is referred to as the second direction, and the extending direction of the cylindrical lens is referred to as the third direction. Figure 10 Three schematic diagrams of the multiple first microstructures adjusting light provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 10 As shown, the diffusion element 302 formed on the light-emitting surface side of each lens 303 having an arc-shaped convex surface can be composed of a plurality of light-condensing structures 3021 arranged side by side along the first direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown in (a), it can also be composed of multiple divergent structures 3022 arranged side by side along the first direction, such as Figure 10 As shown in (b), it can also be composed of a focusing structure 3021 and a diverging structure 3022 alternately arranged in the first direction, such as Figure 10As shown in (c), the light-concentrating structure 3021 includes a light-concentrating surface 3021a for concentrating the light received therefrom, and the light-diverging structure 3022 includes a light-diverging surface 3022a for diverging the light received therefrom. When the dispersing element 302 is composed of light-concentrating structures 3021 arranged side by side along the first direction, the light-concentrating surface 3021a of each light-concentrating structure 3021 constitutes at least a part of the light-exiting surface of the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface; when the dispersing element 302 is composed of light-concentrating structures 3022 arranged side by side along the first direction, the light-exiting surface 3022a of each light-concentrating structure 3021 constitutes at least a part of the light-exiting surface of the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface; when the dispersing element 302 is composed of light-concentrating structures 3021 and diverging structures 3022 arranged alternately along the first direction, the light-concentrating surface 3021a of each light-concentrating structure 3021 and the diverging surface 3022a of each diverging structure 3022 constitute at least a part of the light-exiting surface of the lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface.

[0109] For details, please refer to Figure 10 After the light is incident on the focusing surface 3021a of the focusing structure 3021, it is focused, and on the side of the focal plane S2 of the focusing structure 3021 away from the focusing structure 3021, the light will gradually diverge; after the light is incident on the diverging surface 3022a of the diverging structure 3022, it is diverged, and on the first plane S1 on the side of the focal plane S2 away from the light cone 301 (the distance between the first plane S1 and the focal plane S2 is greater than or equal to the preset distance d0), the light can achieve a better diffusion effect.

[0110] In this embodiment, the first microstructure is provided to diffuse the imaging light, so that the light spots formed by the light emitted from each pixel of the display panel 20 are dispersed as much as possible into the eyebox area. This allows the observer to see the complete image formed by the display panel 20 regardless of the position of their eyes in the eyebox area. Furthermore, the first microstructure is integrated with the lens 303 having a curved convex surface into a single structure, thereby simplifying the overall structure of the dimming component 30.

[0111] In this example, the first microstructure is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface of the curved convex lens 303. The cylindrical lens extends in the third direction, and the third direction forms an angle of approximately 3° with the second direction. In this case, the first microstructure primarily diffuses light in the first direction. For example, the first microstructure diffuses light at an angle of ±15°, meaning that the first microstructure's diffusion angle in the first direction is ±15°.

[0112] It should be noted that, from Figure 10It can be seen that for a beam of light that is incident parallel to the light-emitting surface of the first microstructure, the beam of light will be diverged by the first microstructure in at least one direction. For example, when a single first microstructure is a cylindrical lens and the cylindrical lens extends along the second direction, the cylindrical lens mainly diverges the incident light in the first direction, and the maximum offset angle between the main axis of the outgoing light and the incident light in the first direction is the diffusion angle of the light caused by the first microstructure in the first direction.

[0113] When the first microstructures are cylindrical lenses, each first microstructure can be a light-concentrating structure 3021; ​​or each first microstructure can be a diverging structure 3022; or, a portion of the multiple first microstructures can be light-concentrating structures 3021, while another portion can be diverging structures 3022. When the multiple first microstructures include both light-concentrating structures 3021 and diverging structures 3022, the light-concentrating structures 3021 and the diverging structures 3022 are alternately arranged in the first direction to achieve a more uniform light diffusion effect at different positions of the dimming component 30 in the first direction. In addition, the focusing structure 3021 and the diverging structure 3022 can be arranged closely, so that the light-emitting surface of the lens 303 with a curved convex surface forms a smooth wavy surface. In this way, each position of the light-emitting surface of the lens 303 with a curved convex surface can diffuse the light, and the transition position between the two cylindrical lenses is smoother, thereby ensuring that the transition position can also reliably adjust and diffuse the light, thereby improving the imaging uniformity of the head-up display device.

[0114] Second example: Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present disclosure in which a light cone and a lens having an arc-shaped convex surface are independently arranged; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of light cones arranged in an array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a lens array with an arc-shaped convex surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a side of a first substrate away from a lens having an arc-shaped convex surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 15 This is a partial enlarged view of the diffusion element of the embodiment of the present disclosure formed on the side of the first substrate away from the lens 303 having the arc-shaped convex surface; Figure 11-15As shown, this example differs from the two previous examples in that, in this example, the light cone 301 and the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces are independently provided. For example, each lens 303 with a curved convex surface is provided on a first substrate 305, and the light cone 301 is formed on a second substrate 304. The convex surfaces of the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces are opposed to the second substrate 304, with a certain gap allowed between them. The lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the light cone 301. In this case, a diffusion element 302 is formed on the surface of the first substrate 305 facing away from the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces. In this example, the principal ray directions of the light emitted from the light cones 301 corresponding to different sections of the display panel 20 are different. The principal ray angle of the light is adjusted by the light cone 301, and the light emitted from the light cone 301 is focused by a non-decentered lens so that the light is emitted along the principal ray direction, providing backlight for the display panel 20.

[0115] The distance between the lens 303 with the arc-shaped convex surface and the second substrate 304 is very close, for example, the distance between the two is 0.1-0.5 mm, thereby avoiding light loss and improving light efficiency.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the length direction of the first substrate 305 is the row direction of the arrangement of the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces, that is, the first direction, and the width direction is the column direction of the arrangement of the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces, that is, the second direction. Figure 16 As shown, in some examples, the diffusion element 302 in the third example can include a plurality of first microstructures arranged side by side along a first direction, formed on a surface of the first substrate 305 facing away from the light cone 301. Each first microstructure extends along a third direction, and the third direction forms an angle with the second direction of approximately 3°. The first microstructures can employ the same structure as in the first example, and therefore will not be described again here.

[0117] The third example: Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the side of the second substrate away from the light cone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 16As shown, this example is different from both the first and second examples. The dimming component 30 of this example does not include a lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface. Instead, it is composed of light cones 301 arranged in an array and tilted. Each light cone 301 can be disposed on a second substrate 304, and the diffusion element 302 is formed on the surface of the second substrate 304 facing away from the light cone 301. The number of light cones 301 in this example needs to be sufficient so that the light entrance surface of the light cone 301 is slightly smaller than the light exit surface of the light cone. In this case, the light beam emitted from the light exit surface of the light cone can basically be regarded as a light beam along the direction of the main light ray, and the divergence angle along the main light ray direction is small, so there is no need to use a lens 303 with an arc-shaped convex surface to focus it. By adjusting the main light angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 through the light cone 301, and then diffusing it through the diffusion element 302, the light received by the display panel 20 can be made more uniform. It should be noted that even though the number of light cones 301 is large and the arrangement is relatively dense, due to the consideration of the manufacturing process, there is still a certain gap between the light emitting surfaces of the light cones 301, and the gap is about 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0118] The length direction of the second substrate 304 corresponds to the row direction of the arrangement of the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces, i.e., the first direction, and the width direction corresponds to the column direction of the arrangement of the lenses 303 with curved convex surfaces, i.e., the second direction. In some examples, the diffusion element 302 in the fourth example may include a plurality of first microstructures arranged side by side along the first direction, formed on the surface of the first substrate 305 facing away from the light cone 301. Each first microstructure extends along a third direction, which forms an angle of approximately 3° with the second direction. The first microstructures can use the same structure as in the first example, so a detailed description thereof will not be repeated here.

[0119] Fourth example: Figure 17 A schematic diagram of another exemplary dimming component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 17As shown, the dimming component 30 is composed of multiple light cones 301 and a free-form lens 306 located on the light-emitting surface of the light cones. The light cones 301 are configured to adjust the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 according to the principal ray angle required by the display panel partition; the free-form lens 306 is configured to converge the light emitted by each light cone 301 so that the light can be projected onto the central area 300a of the eye box of the head-up display device. Specifically, when the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 is irradiated by the corresponding light cone 301, the light cone 301 adjusts the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 according to the principal ray angle required by the corresponding display panel partition, so that the principal ray angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting device 1011 meets the principal ray angle required by the display panel partition, and the overall light is converged in the direction of the principal ray angle. The light emitted by each light cone 301 is converged by the free-form lens 306 so that the light can be projected onto the central area 300a of the eye box of the head-up display device.

[0120] In some examples, reference Figure 17 The light cone 301 and the free-form lens 306 are an integrated structure. A diffusion element 302 is formed on the light-emitting surface of the free-form lens 306. The diffusion element 302 is configured to diffuse the light emitted by the free-form lens 306 so that the light can be projected onto the entire eyebox area 300. This expands the viewing range, allowing the observer to see the image presented by the display panel 20 at any position in the eyebox area.

[0121] Furthermore, the light cone 301 , the free-form surface lens 306 and the dispersing element 302 may all be an integrated structure, which can further reduce dispersion and improve light efficiency.

[0122] The light cones 301 of the embodiment of the present disclosure are arranged in an array, and the diffusion element includes multiple first microstructures. The first microstructure in the diffusion element 302 is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface side of the free-form surface lens 306 and arranged side by side along the row direction, and the extension direction of the cylindrical lens has an angle with the column direction, for example, the angle is 3°; the row direction is the row direction of the light cones 301 arranged in an array, and the column direction is the column direction of the light cones 301 arranged in an array.

[0123] It should be noted that Figure 17 FIG3 only illustrates a dimming component 30 in which the light cone 301 and the free-form surface lens 306 are an integrated structure. In some examples, the light cone 301 and the free-form surface lens 306 in the dimming component 30 may also be separate structures with a gap therebetween. Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the independent arrangement of the light cone and the free-form surface lens according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 18As shown, the light cone 301 and the free-form lens 306 in the dimming component 30 can also be separate structures, and the free-form surface of the free-form lens 306 serves as the light-emitting surface. Of course, the plane of the free-form lens 306 can also be used as the light-emitting surface.

[0124] The above are several exemplary structures of the dimming component 30 , which do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0125] In some examples, the light cone 301 can be made of silicone, COC, or COP, and the lens 303 with a curved convex surface can be made of silicone or plastic PC. When the light cone 301 and the lens 303 with a curved convex surface are an integrated structure, both can be made of silicone, which facilitates manufacturing.

[0126] In some examples, the outer contour of the light incident surface of light cone 301 can be rectangular or circular. For example, if the light incident surface of light cone 301 is circular and the light exit surface is rectangular, a lofting method can be used to form the circular light incident surface to the rectangular light exit surface. When the light incident surface is circular, the area of ​​the light entrance can be relatively large, which facilitates process implementation.

[0127] In some examples, the light incident surface of the light cone 301 can be a plane or a free-form surface. The light efficiency can be improved and the light loss can be reduced by reasonably designing the light incident surface of the light cone 301.

[0128] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a backlight source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 19 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a backlight source 10 that includes any of the aforementioned dimming components 30. Of course, the backlight source 10 also includes a light source, which includes multiple light-emitting devices 1011. The dimming component 30 is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting devices 1011 and is used to adjust the emission direction of light emitted by the light-emitting devices 1011 so that the light can illuminate the center area of ​​the eye box of the head-up display device. The multiple light-emitting devices 1011 of the light source are located in the same horizontal plane, and the multiple light cones 301 are located in the same horizontal plane. The plane of the light-emitting devices 1011 and the plane of the light cones 301 are relatively parallel and opposite to each other.

[0129] In some examples, the light-emitting device 1011 can specifically be an electroluminescent element, such as a light-emitting diode (LED), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini light-emitting diode (MiniLED), a micro light-emitting diode (MicroLED), a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), an electroluminescent display (ELD), a cold LED light source (Cold LED Light, CLL), an electroluminescent (EL), an electron emission (Field Emission Display, FED), a tungsten halogen lamp or a metal halide lamp, etc., but this public embodiment does not limit this.

[0130] In some examples, one light-emitting device 1011 may be provided corresponding to one light cone 301, or a plurality of light-emitting devices 1011 arranged in an array may correspond to one light cone 301. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, due to the limitation of the preparation process of the light cone 301, it is preferred to design the principal ray direction of the outgoing light of the light cone 301 according to the requirements of the display panel partition for the principal ray direction of the light, and then design the arrangement of the light-emitting devices 1011 after designing the light cone 301. Therefore, the light-emitting devices 1011 may be arranged regularly or irregularly. Of course, in some examples, the light-emitting devices 1011 may be arranged regularly, for example, in an array, and then the light cone 301 may be designed according to the arrangement of the light-emitting devices 1011 and the requirements of the display panel partition for the principal ray direction of the light.

[0131] In some examples, the light emitting devices 1011 in the light source are located on the same horizontal plane, facing the incident surface of the light cone 301 . This helps to make the light uniform and can also reduce the thickness of the backlight source 10 .

[0132] In some examples, the distance between the light emitting device 1011 and the corresponding light cone 301 is 0.1-0.4 mm, that is, the distance between the light emitting device 1011 and the light cone 301 is very small, so the light utilization rate can be improved and the light loss can be reduced.

[0133] In some examples, Figure 20 Schematic diagram of another backlight source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 20As shown, the backlight also includes a homogenizing and dispersing element 40, which is disposed between the dimming component 30 and the display panel 10 and is used to homogenize the received light. The homogenizing and dispersing element 40 may include multiple homogenizing structures, which are used to scatter and / or diffract the light, thereby achieving light dispersion. The homogenizing structures are smaller than 1 micron, thereby achieving more uniform brightness on the display panel.

[0134] The homogenizing and dispersing element 40 can specifically be a scattering optical element, such as a light homogenizer or a diffuser; the homogenizing structure is the scattering particles in the scattering optical element. Alternatively, the homogenizing and dispersing element can be a diffractive optical element (DOE) that has better control over the diffusion effect. When light passes through a scattering optical element such as a light homogenizer, it will be scattered. The light will be transmitted to many different angles and a small amount of diffraction will occur, but the scattering of light plays a major role. The diffractive optical element, by designing a specific microstructure on the surface, mainly plays a light expansion role through diffraction, forming a controllable size and shape of the light spot.

[0135] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of an image source of the disclosed embodiment; Figure 21 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an image source, which includes a backlight source 10 and a display panel 20 located on the light emitting surface side of the backlight source. The backlight source 10 can adopt the backlight source 10 mentioned above.

[0136] The display panel 20 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the backlight source 10 and is configured to convert the light from the backlight source 10 into image light and output it to the eyebox area. The display panel 20 includes a plurality of pixel units, each of which may include a plurality of pixels, for example, each pixel unit may include a red pixel, a green pixel, and a blue pixel.

[0137] The display panel 20 may include an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located therebetween, which are arranged relative to each other. The color filter substrate may include a plurality of color filter portions, each corresponding to a pixel. For example, the plurality of color filter portions include a red filter portion corresponding to a red pixel, a green filter portion corresponding to a green pixel, and a blue filter portion corresponding to a blue pixel. In some embodiments, the spectrum of the backlight matches the transmittance spectrum of the color filter substrate, so that more light in the backlight can pass through the display panel and be converted into image light, thereby improving the transmittance of the backlight, reducing the proportion of backlight converted into heat energy by the display panel, reducing the temperature rise of the display panel, and thereby extending the service life of the display panel.

[0138] It should be noted that matching the backlight spectrum with the color filter substrate's transmittance spectrum means that the peaks in the backlight's luminous spectrum correspond one-to-one with the peaks in the color filter substrate's transmittance spectrum, and that the two corresponding peaks are located in the same or substantially the same wavelength bands. For example, the red filter is used to transmit light with a wavelength range of 625-740nm, the green filter is used to transmit light with a wavelength range of 492nm-577nm, and the blue filter is used to transmit light with a wavelength range of 440-475nm. In other words, the color filter substrate's transmittance spectrum has three first peaks, located in the 625-740nm, 492nm-577nm, and 440-475nm wavelength bands, respectively. In this case, the backlight's luminous spectrum also includes three second peaks, and the three second peaks are located in the same wavelength bands as the aforementioned three bands, or have at least 70% overlap.

[0139] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of another image source of the disclosed embodiment; Figure 22 As shown, in some examples, the image source 100 further includes a polarization control element 24. The display panel 20 includes a first polarizer 21, a liquid crystal layer 23, and a second polarizer 22.

[0140] The first polarizer 21 and the second polarizer 22 are disposed on either side of the liquid crystal layer 23, with the first polarizer 21 positioned between the liquid crystal layer 23 and the backlight source 10. The first polarizer 21 is configured to transmit a first linearly polarized light beam, while the second polarizer 22 is configured to transmit a second linearly polarized light beam, the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light beam being perpendicular to that of the first linearly polarized light beam. A polarization control element 24 is disposed between the backlight source 10 and the first polarizer 21. The polarization control element 24 is configured to transmit the first linearly polarized light beam and reflect or absorb the second linearly polarized light beam.

[0141] The display panel 20 may further include a first substrate and a second substrate (not shown in the figure), and the liquid crystal layer 23 is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first polarizer 21 may be located on the side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer 23, and the second polarizer 22 may be located on the side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer 23.

[0142] The liquid crystal layer 23 of the display panel 20 is provided with polarizers with perpendicular polarization states, namely, a first polarizer 21 and a second polarizer 22, on opposite sides thereof. First linearly polarized light can pass through the first polarizer 21, and second linearly polarized light can pass through the second polarizer 22, with the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light being perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light. Since the light emitted by the backlight source 10 is generally unpolarized light, approximately 50% of the light energy is absorbed by the first polarizer 21. This portion of light energy causes the display panel 20 to heat up, thereby reducing the service life of the display panel 20. In the disclosed embodiment, a polarization control element 24 is provided between the backlight source 10 and the first polarizer 21. This polarization control element 24 is capable of transmitting the first linearly polarized light and reflecting or absorbing the second linearly polarized light, so that only the first linearly polarized light reaches the first polarizer 21. This prevents the first polarizer 21 from absorbing the second linearly polarized light, preventing the display panel 20 from absorbing heat, and thereby extending the service life of the display panel 20. Among them, if the second linearly polarized light can be absorbed by the polarization control element 24, it is only necessary to ensure that the polarization control element 24 is separated from the display panel 20 by a certain distance; in addition, if the polarization control element 24 can reflect the second linearly polarized light, the reflected second linearly polarized light can be reflected again to the polarization control element 24 through the reflection effect of other components, and part of the light can be converted into the first linearly polarized light, so that more light can be used for imaging of the display panel 20, thereby improving the utilization rate of light.

[0143] Optionally, the polarization control element 24 is a reflective polarizing reflective film, which can be specifically DBEF (Dual Brightness Enhancement Film), BEF, a photonic crystal with polarization and incident angle selective transmittance, etc., and when the polarization control element 24 is capable of reflecting the second linearly polarized light, the polarization control element 24 can be attached to the surface of the display panel 20 facing the backlight source 10.

[0144] In some examples, the polarization control element 24 and the homogenizing and dispersing element 40 are two different elements; in other examples, the homogenizing and dispersing element 40 itself has the function of reflecting or absorbing the second linearly polarized light. In this case, the homogenizing and dispersing element 40 can be used as the polarization control element 24, and there is no need to set up an additional polarization control element 24.

[0145] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the head-up display device of the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 23 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a head-up display device, which includes the image source 100 in the above example and a reflective imaging element 500. The reflective imaging element 500 is used to receive the image light output by the image source 100 and output the image light to the preset area 300.

[0146] In some embodiments, as Figure 23 As shown, the head-up display device may further include a housing 600, wherein the image source 100 and the reflective imaging element 500 are both located in the housing 600, thereby protecting the image source 100 and the reflective imaging element 500. The housing 600 has an opening 601, so that image light can be emitted from the opening 601.

[0147] In some embodiments, the reflective imaging element 500 may include a magnifying element 501. This magnifying element 501 can enable the head-up display device to have a longer imaging distance and a larger imaging size. For example, the imaging distance and imaging size can be changed by varying the magnification of the magnifying element 501. The magnification can be varied by adjusting parameters such as the curvature of the magnifying element 501.

[0148] In some embodiments, the magnifying element 501 may be a curved reflector. Optionally, the curved reflector is a concave reflector, that is, a reflector having a concave curved surface. If the curved reflector is a concave reflector, if the optical distance between the image source 100 and the concave reflector is less than the focal length of the concave reflector, the concave reflector forms an erect, magnified virtual image based on the image output by the image source 100. For example, according to the imaging properties of a concave reflector, if the optical distance between the image source 100 and the concave reflector is less than the focal length of the concave reflector (i.e., the image source 100 is within one focal length of the concave reflector), the image distance of the concave reflector increases as the optical distance between the image source 100 and the concave reflector increases. In other words, the greater the optical distance between the image source 100 and the concave reflector, the greater the distance between the observer and the virtual image 400 they observe.

[0149] Optionally, the curved reflector is a free-form reflector, that is, the reflective surface is a free-form reflector, or the reflective surface does not have rotational symmetry, so as to improve the imaging quality of the head-up display device.

[0150] In other optional embodiments, the amplifying element 501 may be an optical waveguide or a holographic optical element.

[0151] like Figure 23 As shown, the reflective imaging element 500 is not limited to including only the magnifying element 501, but may also include a plane reflector 502, through which the optical path of the image light propagation is adjusted, thereby reducing the volume of the head-up display device.

[0152] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, which includes the head-up display device and the windshield 200 in the above embodiment. Figure 24 Schematic diagrams of head-up display devices and windshields according to some examples of the present disclosure; Figure 24As shown, the windshield 200 is used to reflect the image light emitted by the head-up display device to the preset area 300. The windshield 200 has a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective property, so that the image light emitted by the head-up display device can be reflected by the windshield 200 to the preset area 300. At the same time, the light outside the vehicle can also pass through the windshield 200 to reach the preset area 300, so that when the observer's eyes are located in the preset area 300, they can see the image formed by the head-up display device and the scene outside the vehicle at the same time. The "semi-transmissive and semi-reflective" in the embodiment of the present disclosure means that the windshield 200 can transmit and reflect light, and is not limited to transmitting 50% of the light and reflecting 50% of the light. For example, the transmittance of visible light is greater than or equal to 70%.

[0153] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dimming component, used in a backlight source of a head-up display device, characterized in that: include: a plurality of light cones, wherein the cross-sectional areas of the light cones increase monotonically along the direction from the light incident surface to the light exit surface; the light cones are configured to adjust the chief light rays emitted by the light emitting device received by the light cones so that the light rays can be projected into the center area of ​​the eye box of the head-up display device; The main light directions of the emergent light rays of the light cones corresponding to different subareas of the display panel of the head-up display device are different.

2. The dimming component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light cone is configured to form the light emitted therethrough into an illumination area having a preset shape, wherein the preset shape includes a rectangle or a hexagon.

3. The dimming component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-emitting surface of the light cone is rectangular or hexagonal.

4. The dimming component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light cones are arranged in an array, and the dimming component further includes a plurality of lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light cones, and the lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces are arranged on the light-emitting surface side of the corresponding light cones; The light cone is configured to adjust the principal ray of the light emitted by the light emitting device according to the principal ray angle required by the display panel partition; The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface is configured to gather the emergent light of the corresponding light cone.

5. The dimming component according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light cone includes a plurality of side surfaces connected between edges of its light incident surface and light emitting surface; For at least some of the light cones among the plurality of light cones, at least one group of oppositely disposed side surfaces among the plurality of side surfaces of the light cone forms different dihedral angles with the light incident surface of the light cone; The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface is a non-decentered lens.

6. The dimming component according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface and the light cone are an integrally formed structure.

7. The dimming component according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: Also included is a diffusion element formed on the light exit surface of the lens having the arc-shaped convex surface; The diffusion element includes a plurality of first microstructures configured to diffuse the light emitted from the lens having the arc-shaped convex surface.

8. The dimming component according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first microstructure is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface of the lens with an arc-shaped convex surface, arranged side by side along the row direction, and the extension direction of the cylindrical lens has an angle with the column direction; the row direction is the row direction in which the light cones are arranged in an array, and the column direction is the column direction in which the light cones are arranged in an array.

9. The dimming component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The light cone, the lens with the arc-shaped convex surface and the dispersing element are an integrally formed structure.

10. The dimming component according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a lens array, the lens array including a first substrate and a plurality of lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces disposed on the first substrate; There is a gap between the lens array and the light cones; the multiple lenses with arc-shaped convex surfaces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple light cones; The lens with the arc-shaped convex surface is configured to gather the light emitted by the corresponding light cone.

11. The dimming component according to claim 10, characterized in that: Also included is a dispersing element formed on the light-emitting surface of the lens array; The diffusion element includes a plurality of first microstructures and is configured to diffuse the light emitted from the lens array.

12. The dimming component according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first microstructure is a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged side by side along the length direction of the first substrate, and an extending direction of the cylindrical lenses forms an angle with a width direction of the first substrate.

13. The dimming component according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The lens array and the dispersing element are an integrally formed structure.

14. The dimming component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes a second substrate, the light cone is disposed on the second substrate, and a diffusion element is formed on a surface of the second substrate facing away from the light cone.

15. The dimming component according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first microstructure is a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged side by side along the length direction of the second substrate, and an extending direction of the cylindrical lenses forms an angle with a width direction of the second substrate.

16. The dimming component according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a free-form surface lens, which is arranged on the light-emitting surface side of the light cone; The light cone is configured to adjust the principal ray of the light emitted by the light emitting device according to the principal ray angle required by the display panel partition; The free-form surface lens is configured to converge the emergent light rays of each light cone.

17. The dimming component according to claim 16, characterized in that: Also included is a diffusion element formed on the light exit surface of the free-form surface lens; The diffusion element includes a plurality of first microstructures and is configured to diffuse the outgoing light of the free-form surface lens.

18. The dimming component according to claim 17, wherein: The light cones are arranged in an array, and the first microstructure is a cylindrical lens formed on the light-emitting surface of the free-form surface lens and arranged side by side along the row direction, and the extension direction of the cylindrical lens has an angle with the column direction; the row direction is the row direction of the light cones arranged in an array, and the column direction is the column direction of the light cones arranged in an array.

19. The dimming component according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: The free-form surface lens and the light cone are an integrally formed structure; or, The free-form surface lens and the light cone are separate structures, and there is a gap between them.

20. The dimming component according to claim 1, wherein: The outer contour of the light incident surface of the light cone is circular or rectangular.

21. The dimming component according to claim 1, wherein: The light incident surface of the light cone is a plane or a free-form surface.

22. A backlight source, characterized in that: include: A light source comprising a plurality of light emitting devices, wherein the light emitting devices are located on the same horizontal plane; The dimming component is arranged on the light-emitting surface side of the corresponding light-emitting device and is configured to adjust the emission direction of the light emitted by the light-emitting device; the dimming component adopts the dimming component described in any one of claims 1-22.

23. The backlight source according to claim 22, wherein: The plurality of light emitting devices are located in the same horizontal plane, and the directions of main rays of light emitted from the plurality of light emitting devices are the same.

24. The backlight source according to claim 22, wherein: The light cone is arranged corresponding to one or more light-emitting devices.

25. The backlight source according to claim 22, wherein: The distance between the light cone and the light emitting device is 0.1-0.4 mm.

26. An image source in a head-up display device, characterized in that: include: Backlight; The display panel is arranged on the light-emitting side of the backlight source, and is used to convert the light of the backlight source into image light and output it to a preset area; wherein, The backlight source adopts the backlight source described in any one of claims 22 to 25.

27. A head-up display device, characterized in that: include: Image source; A reflective imaging element, the reflective imaging element is used to receive the image light and output the image light to the preset area; wherein, The image source is the image source described in claim 26.

28. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Head-up display device; A windshield, the windshield being used to reflect the image light emitted by the head-up display device to the preset area; wherein, The head-up display device is the head-up display device according to claim 27.

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