Fault diagnosis system and method for light-emitting device

Abstract

The invention provides a fault diagnosis system and method for a light-emitting device, and the system is used for carrying out the fault diagnosis of the light-emitting device in a display panel, and comprises a power supply circuit, a current detection module, a control module, and a storage module. The display panel comprises a plurality of pixel units, and each pixel unit comprises at least one sub-pixel. The current detection module detects actual current data provided by the power supply circuit to the plurality of sub-pixels under different display pictures of the display panel; and the control module calls the corresponding reference current data from the storage module according to the actual current data so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data. Real-time detection and positioning of faults of the light-emitting device in the display panel are achieved by collecting actual current data under different display pictures in real time through the current detection module, judging the short circuit or open circuit fault type of the light-emitting device through the control module in combination with reference current data pre-stored in the storage module, and achieving real-time detection and positioning of the faults of the light-emitting device in the display panel. And the detection precision is high and extra hardware support is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, specifically to a fault diagnosis system and method for light-emitting devices. Background Technology

[0002] Micro LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode) display technology, as a new generation of self-emissive display technology, boasts numerous advantages and has become a core solution for high-end display applications. However, due to the tiny size of Micro LEDs, their manufacturing process faces severe challenges. The reduction in LED size leads to a significant decrease in solder joint area, resulting in a substantial increase in the probability of process defects such as microcracks and poor soldering. Simultaneously, the high operating current density of Micro LEDs means that short circuits in individual faulty LEDs can easily trigger localized overheating, potentially leading to avalanche-like failures. In mass production applications, extremely high LED yield rates are required to meet shipment demands. In actual use, temperature changes accelerate solder joint oxidation; for example, new dead LEDs appear annually in automotive Micro LED screens. Short-circuited LEDs can overload the drive circuit, even causing screen combustion and system crashes. For flexible screens such as VR headsets, repeated bending increases the risk of LED detachment, causing pixel black spots and severely impacting user experience. Therefore, real-time fault detection of Micro LEDs is of significant practical importance.

[0003] Current fault detection methods on the market have significant shortcomings: optical detection methods require additional hardware support and cannot achieve real-time detection; voltage detection methods can only determine the on / off state, cannot accurately locate individual faulty LEDs, and are susceptible to false alarms due to temperature fluctuations; manual visual inspection is inefficient and struggles to detect micron-level defects. These methods fail to meet the high precision, real-time performance, and reliability requirements of MicroLED display technology for fault detection. Particularly in large-scale pixel arrays, existing technologies struggle to quickly locate faulty zones. To address these issues, there is an urgent need to develop a MicroLED fault diagnosis solution that requires no additional hardware, is low-cost, has high detection accuracy, and enables real-time detection, while simultaneously solving the technical challenge of rapidly locating faulty zones in large-scale pixel arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a fault diagnosis system and method for light-emitting devices, which has the advantages of real-time detection, high-precision detection, no need for additional hardware support, and the ability to quickly locate faulty areas.

[0005] This application provides a fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices, used to diagnose faults in light-emitting devices in a display panel. The system includes a power supply circuit, a current detection module, a control module, and a storage module. The current detection module is connected to both the power supply circuit and the display panel. The control module is connected to the storage module.

[0006] The display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including at least one sub-pixel, the sub-pixel including a light-emitting device and a pixel circuit;

[0007] The current detection module is used to detect the actual current data provided by the power supply circuit to the multiple sub-pixels of the display panel under different display screens;

[0008] The control module is used to retrieve corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the actual current data, so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data; the reference current data includes the current value provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel corresponds to multiple display screens at different temperatures; the fault type includes at least one of short circuit fault and open circuit fault.

[0009] This application also provides a fault diagnosis method for light-emitting devices, applied to the fault diagnosis system for the light-emitting devices described above. The method includes:

[0010] The actual current data supplied by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels of the display panel is detected under different display screens.

[0011] The corresponding reference current data is retrieved from the storage module of the fault diagnosis system based on the actual current data, so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data; the reference current data includes the current value provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel corresponds to multiple display screens at different temperatures; the fault type includes at least one of short circuit fault and open circuit fault.

[0012] In summary, the fault diagnosis system and method for light-emitting devices provided in this application acquires actual current data in real time under different display screens through a current detection module, and combines it with reference current data pre-stored in a storage module. The control module then accurately determines the short-circuit or open-circuit fault type of the light-emitting device, achieving real-time detection and precise fault location of the light-emitting device in the display panel. This system offers advantages such as high detection accuracy, no need for additional hardware support, and rapid fault location. Specifically, the current detection module detects the actual current data supplied to multiple sub-pixels by the power supply circuit of the display panel under different display screens. The control module retrieves the corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the actual current data, and determines the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data. This system offers advantages such as real-time detection, high-precision detection, no need for additional hardware support, and rapid fault location. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings described below are merely for explaining some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a display panel provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the fault diagnosis method for a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," and similar words do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different technical features. The terms "multiple" and similar words indicate two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. Embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0020] This application provides a fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices, which includes, but is not limited to, the following embodiments and combinations thereof.

[0021] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application. The display panel provided in the embodiment of this application may be, for example, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display panel. Of course, the display panel may also be a Mini-LED display panel or a Micro-LED display panel. The display panel may include at least one of the following: a source driving circuit, a gate driving circuit, a timing controller, a light emission controller, a power management chip, a substrate, a data line for transmitting a data signal DATA, a scan line for transmitting a scan signal SCAN, a power line for transmitting the voltage VDD at the positive terminal of the power line or the voltage VSS at the negative terminal of the power line, a light emission control signal line for transmitting a light emission control signal EM, a pixel array, an encapsulation layer, and a polarizer.

[0022] The substrate can be, for example, a glass substrate, a flexible substrate (e.g., a polyimide substrate), etc. The pixel array is composed of multiple pixel units arranged in rows and columns, forming multiple pixel rows arranged along the row direction and multiple pixel columns arranged along the column direction. Each pixel row and each pixel column includes multiple pixel units, and each pixel unit includes multiple sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel includes a light-emitting device and pixel circuitry. For ease of description, pixel rows and pixel columns may be referred to as "rows" and "columns" thereafter. Taking an OLED display panel as an example, the pixel unit may include an organic light-emitting device and pixel circuitry. The pixel circuitry may include a driving transistor used to control the brightness of the corresponding organic light-emitting device in the display panel. In actual pixel units, the driving transistor may include, but is not limited to, low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) and thin-film transistors (TFTs) of metal-oxide-semiconductor systems. The TFT may employ a dual-gate structure, with the organic light-emitting device electrically connected to either the first or second electrode of the TFT. Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) can include an emissive layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, a cathode, and an anode. Different organic materials can emit light of different wavelengths, enabling full-color displays. The encapsulation layer includes a multi-layer structure alternating between organic and inorganic materials. The gate driver on array (GOA) circuit is mainly used for scanning and driving pixel rows. For example, the GOA circuit can include cascaded gate driver units, where each stage of the gate driver unit controls one or more pixel rows, enabling the selection of pixel units. In some embodiments, the GOA can employ single-sided or double-sided driving for multiple pixel rows. Single-sided driving can involve arranging gate driver units on only one side (such as the left or right side) and scanning and driving multiple pixel rows line by line through cascading. Double-sided driving can involve arranging driver units on both the left and right sides of the multiple pixel row, scanning and driving multiple pixel rows line by line through the coordinated operation of both sides. The source driver circuit is used to provide data signals to the pixel units. The timing controller is used to receive externally input image data and synchronization signals, and generate the signals required by the gate driver circuit and the source driver circuit. The power management chip is used to provide the required operating voltage to various parts of the display panel. It should be noted that... Figure 2 This is an illustrative diagram, and the component connections shown are only used to explain the functional logic of the display panel, and are not intended to limit the actual physical structure.

[0023] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the fault diagnosis system 100 for light-emitting devices is used to diagnose faults in light-emitting devices in a display panel. The fault diagnosis system 100 for light-emitting devices includes a power supply circuit, a current detection module, a control module, and a storage module. The current detection module is connected to both the power supply circuit and the display panel. The control module is connected to the storage module.

[0024] The display panel includes multiple pixel units, each pixel unit including at least one sub-pixel, and the sub-pixel includes a light-emitting device and pixel circuitry.

[0025] The current detection module is used to detect the actual current data supplied by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels of the display panel under different display screens.

[0026] The control module is used to retrieve the corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the actual current data, so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data; the reference current data includes the current value provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel is at different temperatures corresponding to multiple display screens; the fault type includes at least one of short circuit fault and open circuit fault.

[0027] The display panel is composed of a miniature light-emitting diode array, with each pixel unit containing red, green, and blue sub-pixels, which can be integrated and packaged using a flip-chip structure. The power supply circuit is a constant current drive mode and can be configured with multi-channel independent output to adapt to the current requirements of different display screens. The current detection module integrates a high-precision Hall sensor, capable of capturing micro-current fluctuations with milliampere-level resolution. The control module uses an embedded microprocessor or programmable logic device, with built-in fault diagnosis algorithms, and interacts with the storage module through a bus interface. The storage module uses non-volatile memory to store reference current curves or reference current preset tables corresponding to full-black screens, full-white screens, and monochrome fixed grayscale screens under different temperature conditions. The display panel, power supply circuit, and control module can all be determined according to the actual situation and are not limited here. As an example, the display panel can be a Micro LED display panel, which can also be called a screen; the power supply circuit can be determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here. For example, an electroluminescent voltage device for display (ELVDD) can be referred to as Power; the control module can be a microcontroller unit (MCU) or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0028] Specifically, when the system is working, it first controls the display panel to switch to a specific test screen, such as a completely black screen where all sub-pixels are off. In this case, the detected actual current should match the theoretical value of the reference current. If a short-circuit fault exists, the abnormally conducting sub-pixels will cause the actual current to be significantly higher than the reference value; conversely, an open-circuit fault will manifest as a current value lower than expected. The control module calculates the deviation between the actual current and the reference data, and combines this with a preset threshold to determine the fault type. For temperature-sensitive scenarios, the system calls the reference data for the corresponding temperature range for compensation calculations to eliminate the interference of environmental factors on the detection results.

[0029] This application directly acquires current signals through built-in circuitry, avoiding additional hardware costs. Compared to methods that only detect voltage continuity, current deviation analysis can accurately distinguish between individual LED faults and temperature drift, reducing the false alarm rate. Since manual visual inspection cannot detect micron-sized LED detachments, this application achieves real-time online fault detection for miniature LED screens, completing a full-screen scan within milliseconds. By establishing a multi-dimensional reference current database, the system effectively eliminates the impact of temperature changes on detection accuracy, improving the accuracy of short-circuit fault identification. This technology is particularly suitable for applications with stringent reliability and real-time requirements, such as automotive displays and virtual reality devices.

[0030] In one embodiment, at least one sub-pixel in each pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel; the reference current data includes a first reference current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely black screen, a second reference current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely white screen, and a third reference current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when displaying red, green, and blue monochrome fixed grayscale screens under different temperature conditions.

[0031] The storage module is used to store the first reference current, the second reference current, and the third reference current.

[0032] In this display, red, green, and blue sub-pixels can be the smallest light-emitting unit combination constituting a full-color display function. This can be achieved using a vertical stacking structure or a planar arrangement structure, with color mixing achieved by independently controlling the brightness of the three primary colors. A completely black screen can be the display mode where all sub-pixels are off, achieved by inputting a zero-grayscale signal to the pixel circuit to obtain the reference current parameters in the off-light state. A completely white screen can be the display mode where all sub-pixels are at maximum brightness, achieved by inputting a maximum grayscale signal to the pixel circuit to obtain the reference current parameters in the full-screen illuminated state. A monochrome fixed grayscale screen can be a display mode where only red, green, or blue sub-pixels are activated and a predetermined brightness value is maintained. This can be achieved using a time-division driving method to establish the correspondence between temperature changes and current values. The third reference current can be the set of current data generated when driving monochrome sub-pixels at different ambient temperatures, specifically collected through temperature cycling tests to construct a current-temperature correlation database.

[0033] Specifically, when the display panel displays a completely black screen, the current detection module collects the first actual current output from the power supply circuit. By comparing this current with the first reference current pre-stored in the storage module, any abnormal leakage current can be detected. When displaying a completely white screen, the operating status of the large-area light-emitting devices can be determined by comparing the deviation between the second actual current and the second reference current. For red, green, and blue monochrome display modes, the system records a third actual current under different temperature conditions and matches it with the third reference current at the corresponding temperature to identify current anomalies in specific color sub-pixels. This multi-dimensional data acquisition method covers the typical operating states of the display panel and provides a complete reference system for fault diagnosis by establishing a database of black, white, and monochrome references.

[0034] As an example, the first reference current can be denoted as I_black; the second reference current can be denoted as I_al; and the third reference current can be denoted as I_r, I_g, and I_b; the light-emitting device can be an LED. This embodiment can be understood as establishing reference currents during pre-shipment testing of the display panel, including the following: First, detecting the first reference current I_black provided by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels when the display panel displays a full-screen black image; this current is the standby current required to maintain the system. Second, detecting the second reference current I_all provided by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels when the display panel displays a full-screen white image; this current is the current for all LEDs to operate normally. Third, driving the display panel to display full-screen red, green, and blue monochrome fixed grayscale images respectively, and detecting the I_r, I_g, and I_b currents of the full-screen LEDs at different temperatures. Fourth, using these currents at different temperatures as reference currents and storing them in the system's storage module.

[0035] This application effectively identifies abnormal leakage current caused by short circuits by introducing a full-black screen reference current; it can detect large-area open-circuit faults by using a full-white screen reference current; and combined with temperature-compensated monochrome reference data, it can accurately distinguish the performance degradation of red, green, and blue sub-pixels under different operating conditions. Compared to optical detection methods that require additional hardware, this application directly utilizes the current parameters of the power supply system to achieve fault diagnosis, eliminating the need for additional peripherals such as cameras. Thus, this application can accurately identify the independent fault states of red, green, and blue sub-pixels, eliminate the interference of temperature changes on the detection results, and achieve refined fault diagnosis of color display panels. Especially when displaying a monochrome screen, by comparing the current deviation of specific color channels, the specific sub-pixel type experiencing a short circuit or open circuit can be quickly located, providing clear guidance for subsequent repairs. This solution effectively solves the technical deficiency of traditional methods in being unable to distinguish faults in the three primary color sub-pixels, improving the accuracy and operability of fault diagnosis.

[0036] In one embodiment, the current detection module is further configured to detect a first actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely black screen; or to detect a second actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely white screen.

[0037] The control module is used to retrieve a corresponding first reference current from the storage module based on a first actual current; determine a first deviation current between the first actual current and the first reference current; determine a first current for diagnosing a short circuit in the light-emitting device based on the first deviation current; or, retrieve a corresponding second reference current from the storage module based on a second actual current; determine a second deviation current between the second actual current and the second reference current; and determine a second current for diagnosing an open circuit in the light-emitting device based on the second deviation current.

[0038] The storage module is also used to store the first current and the second current.

[0039] The first actual current can be the total current output by the power supply circuit when the display panel is in a completely black screen state. Specifically, a high-precision current sensor can be used to collect milliampere-level microcurrent signals. In a completely black screen state, normal pixel units should be in an off state; an abnormal increase in current at this time indicates a short circuit fault. The first reference current can be a pre-calibrated standard current threshold for a completely black screen state, specifically established by averaging multiple measurements on a fault-free panel. The first deviation current can be the absolute value of the difference between the actual current and the reference current; if it exceeds a preset threshold, a short circuit judgment logic is triggered. The second actual current can be the total current output by the power supply circuit when the display panel is in a completely white screen state. At this time, all pixel units are in a maximum brightness state; an abnormal decrease in current indicates an open circuit fault. The second reference current is calibrated using the current value of a fault-free panel in a completely white screen state under the same temperature conditions. The storage module uses non-volatile memory to store the temperature-current correspondence table.

[0040] Specifically, when the system performs a full-black screen detection, the current detection module collects the total current output from the power supply circuit as the first actual current, and the control module retrieves the corresponding first reference current from the storage module based on the current temperature. By comparing the deviation between the first actual current and the first reference current, if the deviation exceeds the first current threshold stored in the storage module, a short-circuit fault pixel is determined to exist. For example, in a 25℃ environment, the normal full-black screen current is 0.5mA. When the detected actual current reaches 1.2mA, the deviation current of 0.7mA exceeds the preset short-circuit judgment threshold of 0.6mA, and the system marks a short-circuit fault. For a full-white screen detection, when the negative deviation between the second actual current and the second reference current exceeds the second current threshold, an open-circuit fault pixel is determined to exist. For example, the normal full-white screen current should be 120mA. When the detected actual current is only 80mA, the system confirms the location of the open-circuit fault by comparing it with the temperature-compensated reference data.

[0041] As an example, the first actual current can be denoted as I0_black; the second actual current can be denoted as I0_all; the first deviation current can be denoted as △I0_black; the second deviation current can be denoted as △I0_all; the light-emitting device can be an LED; the first current can be the current of the LED when short-circuited; the second current can be the current of the LED when open-circuited. This embodiment can be understood as a power-on self-test of the display panel, including the following: First, with a full-screen black screen, the standby current I0_black is measured, and by comparing it with the current of the storage unit, the deviation current △I0_black is obtained. Through the deviation current, the current of all LEDs when short-circuited can be determined. Second, with a full-screen white screen, the current I0_all is measured, and by comparing it with the current of the storage unit, the deviation current △I0_all is obtained. Through the deviation current, the current of all LEDs when open-circuited can be determined.

[0042] This application establishes a reference current database under completely black / complete white screen conditions and combines it with a temperature compensation mechanism to eliminate the interference of environmental factors on current detection, achieving accurate differentiation of fault types. Compared to optical detection methods that rely on external cameras, this method directly analyzes circuit-level current characteristics, avoiding delays and misjudgments caused by image processing. Thus, this application achieves independent detection and differentiation of short-circuit and open-circuit faults, solving the problem of traditional methods being unable to identify fault types in parallel pixel structures. By capturing abnormal current rise characteristics through completely black screen detection, short-circuit pixels can be quickly located; by identifying current drop characteristics through completely white screen detection, the number of open-circuit pixels can be accurately determined. This solution does not require additional optical sensors, directly utilizing the inherent parameters of the power supply circuit to achieve real-time online detection, making it particularly suitable for fault diagnosis scenarios in parallel pixel structures of Micro LED screens.

[0043] In one embodiment, the current detection module is further configured to detect a third actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a dual-color fixed grayscale image at different temperatures; or, to detect a fourth actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a monochrome fixed grayscale image at different temperatures.

[0044] The control module is used to retrieve the corresponding third current from the storage module based on the third actual current; determine the third deviation current between the third actual current and the third current; determine the first number of short circuits of the light-emitting device based on the third deviation current; or, retrieve the corresponding third reference current from the storage module based on the fourth actual current; determine the fourth deviation current between the fourth actual current and the third reference current; determine the first number of open circuits of the light-emitting device based on the fourth deviation current; wherein the third current is determined based on the third reference current.

[0045] The storage module is also used to store a first mapping relationship between the third deviation current and the first quantity, and a second mapping relationship between the fourth deviation current and the fourth quantity; the first mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices with short-circuit faults; the second mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices with open-circuit faults.

[0046] The first actual current can be the total current output by the power supply circuit when the display panel is in a completely black screen state. Specifically, a high-precision current sensor can be used to collect milliampere-level microcurrent signals. In a completely black screen state, normal pixel units should be in an off state; an abnormal increase in current at this time indicates a short circuit fault. The first reference current can be a pre-calibrated standard current threshold for a completely black screen state, specifically established by averaging multiple measurements on a fault-free panel. The first deviation current can be the absolute value of the difference between the actual current and the reference current; if it exceeds a preset threshold, a short circuit judgment logic is triggered. The second actual current can be the total current output by the power supply circuit when the display panel is in a completely white screen state. At this time, all pixel units are in a maximum brightness state; an abnormal decrease in current indicates an open circuit fault. The second reference current is calibrated using the current value of a fault-free panel in a completely white screen state under the same temperature conditions. The storage module uses non-volatile memory to store the temperature-current correspondence table.

[0047] Specifically, when the system performs a full-black screen detection, the current detection module collects the total current output from the power supply circuit as the first actual current, and the control module retrieves the corresponding first reference current from the storage module based on the current temperature. By comparing the deviation between the first actual current and the first reference current, if the deviation exceeds the first current threshold stored in the storage module, a short-circuit fault pixel is determined to exist. For example, in a 25℃ environment, the normal full-black screen current is 0.5mA. When the detected actual current reaches 1.2mA, the deviation current of 0.7mA exceeds the preset short-circuit judgment threshold of 0.6mA, and the system marks a short-circuit fault. For a full-white screen detection, when the negative deviation between the second actual current and the second reference current exceeds the second current threshold, an open-circuit fault pixel is determined to exist. For example, the normal full-white screen current should be 120mA. When the detected actual current is only 80mA, the system confirms the location of the open-circuit fault by comparing it with the temperature-compensated reference data.

[0048] As an example, a two-color fixed grayscale image can be a red-green (RG), red-blue (RB), and green-blue (GB) fixed grayscale image, or a mixed RG, RB, GB two-color image. The corresponding third actual current can be denoted as I0_rg, I0_rb, and I0_gb, respectively; the corresponding third deviation current can be denoted as ΔI0_rg, ΔI0_rb, and ΔI0_gb, respectively. The determination of the third current based on the third reference current can be understood as follows: when the two-color fixed grayscale image is RG, the third current is determined based on the third reference current of a red and green single-color fixed grayscale image; when the two-color fixed grayscale image is RB, the third current is determined based on the third reference current of a red and blue single-color fixed grayscale image; and when the two-color fixed grayscale image is GB, the third current is determined based on the third reference current of a green and blue single-color fixed grayscale image. For example, in a full-screen dual-color fixed grayscale display, i.e., driving a dual-color mixed display of RG, RB, and GB, the currents I0_rg, I0_rb, and I0_gb at this temperature are measured and compared with the reference current stored in the storage unit to obtain the RGB deviation currents △I0_rg, △I0_rb, and △I0_gb. Through this deviation current, the number of RGB LEDs that have short-circuited can be determined.

[0049] A monochrome fixed grayscale image can be represented as an RGB monochrome fixed grayscale image. The fourth actual current can be denoted as I0_rg, I0_rb, and I0_gb, respectively; the corresponding fourth deviation current can be denoted as ΔI1_r, ΔI1_g, and ΔI1_b, respectively. For example, a full-screen RGB monochrome fixed grayscale image. The measured I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b currents at this temperature are compared with the reference current stored in the storage unit to obtain the RGB deviation currents ΔI1_r, ΔI1_g, and ΔI1_b. Through these deviation currents, the number of open circuits in the RGB LEDs can be determined.

[0050] The first mapping relationship between the third deviation current and the first quantity can be understood as the correspondence between the third deviation current and the first quantity; the second mapping relationship between the fourth deviation current and the fourth quantity can be understood as the correspondence between the fourth deviation current and the fourth quantity. As an example, in the factory setting, through full-screen monochrome, it can be known that the normal lighting current of a single R LED bead is I_R` = (I_r - I_black) / number of R LED beads. Similarly, the working current of GB LED beads and G LED beads can be derived as I_G` = (I_g - I_black) / number of R LED beads. The working current of B LED beads is I_B` = (I_b - I_black) / number of R LED beads. Short circuit judgment of R LED beads: In the above power-on self-test, I0_gb is measured. At this time, the R LED beads should be in a black screen state. Therefore, the number of R LED beads short-circuited is calculated as: ((I_r - I_black) - (I0_all - △I0_gb)) / I_R`. Where (I_r-I_black) is the reference operating current for the full-screen red LED; (I0_all-△I0_gb) is the actual operating current for the full-screen red LED; similarly, the number of short-circuited G and B LEDs can be obtained.

[0051] Determining the open circuit of LED R: In the self-test steps described above, I1_r is measured. At this point, I1_r must be less than (I_r + ΔI0_black). Therefore, the current loss due to the open circuit of LED R is: ΔI0_r = (I_r - I_black) - (I1_r - I0_black); Number of open circuits in LED R: ΔI0_r / I_R`. Similarly, the number of open circuits in LEDs G and B is as follows: Number of open circuits in LED G: ΔI0_g / I_G`. Number of open circuits in LED B: ΔI0_b / I_B`.

[0052] This application establishes a reference current database under completely black / complete white screen conditions and combines it with a temperature compensation mechanism to eliminate the interference of environmental factors on current detection, achieving accurate differentiation of fault types. Compared to optical detection methods that rely on external cameras, this method directly analyzes circuit-level current characteristics, avoiding delays and misjudgments caused by image processing. Thus, this application achieves independent detection and differentiation of short-circuit and open-circuit faults, solving the problem of traditional methods being unable to identify fault types in parallel pixel structures. By capturing abnormal current rise characteristics through completely black screen detection, short-circuit pixels can be quickly located; by identifying current drop characteristics through completely white screen detection, the number of open-circuit pixels can be accurately determined. This solution does not require additional optical sensors, directly utilizing the inherent parameters of the power supply circuit to achieve real-time online detection, making it particularly suitable for fault diagnosis scenarios in parallel pixel structures of Micro LED screens.

[0053] In one embodiment, the display panel includes multiple display zones; the power supply circuit includes multiple power supply electronic circuits; the current detection module includes multiple current detection sub-modules; and each current detection sub-module is connected to a power supply electronic circuit and multiple sub-pixels within a display zone.

[0054] The current detection submodule is used to detect the actual current data supplied by the power supply to the electronic circuit.

[0055] The control module is used to acquire actual current sub-data, retrieve corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the actual current sub-data, and determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current sub-data and the reference current data.

[0056] The display partitions can divide the display panel into multiple independent areas, each containing several sub-pixels. This can be achieved through physical cutting or logical partitioning, facilitating partition detection and fault location. The power supply circuitry can be a circuit unit that independently supplies power to each display partition. This can be implemented using a distributed power supply design to ensure that each partition's power supply is independent and does not interfere with each other. The current detection submodule can be a current acquisition unit set for each power supply circuit. This can be implemented using Hall sensors or precision resistors in conjunction with operational amplifier circuits to detect current changes in the corresponding partition in real time. The actual current sub-data can be the real-time current value of each display partition, which can be stored as a digital or analog signal for comparison and analysis with benchmark data.

[0057] Specifically, after the display panel is divided into multiple display zones, each zone is powered by an independent power supply to its electronic circuits. The current detection submodule collects the current data of the corresponding zone in real time. The control module compares the collected actual current data with the pre-calibrated reference current data in the storage module. For example, under the same display screen and temperature conditions, if the actual current of a certain zone deviates from the reference value by more than a threshold range, it is determined that there is a short circuit or open circuit fault in the light-emitting device of that zone. Because each zone is detected independently, the abnormal area can be quickly located when a fault occurs, and the detection range can be narrowed down without full-screen scanning.

[0058] As an example, this embodiment primarily considers the large number of LED chips in a Micro LED screen, where the current module cannot detect the entire current range. Therefore, the Micro LED screen can be powered in zones, with a current detection submodule added to each zone's power supply system. To ensure the accuracy of current detection, the current in this application is obtained by averaging multiple measurements. This method eliminates the influence of current noise and measurement errors, ensuring accurate current values. The control module simultaneously monitors the power supply current while outputting different images, and then uses an algorithm to determine whether a faulty LED chip is short-circuited or open-circuited.

[0059] This application utilizes zoned power supply and distributed detection to decompose a large-scale pixel array into multiple independent detection units. When a fault occurs, it can directly locate the fault in a specific zone, significantly improving detection efficiency. In existing technologies, a single current detection module is susceptible to interference from overall circuit noise, while zoned detection reduces signal crosstalk and improves detection accuracy. Thus, this application achieves rapid fault location for large-scale Micro LED display panels, effectively solving the problem of low efficiency in traditional global detection. The zoned independent detection mechanism reduces signal interference and avoids misjudgments caused by temperature drift or circuit noise. Furthermore, by comparing actual zone data with baseline data, it can accurately identify short-circuit or open-circuit fault types, providing clear guidance for subsequent repairs.

[0060] In one embodiment, the reference current data further includes a fourth reference current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a single row or column of white images, and a fifth reference current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when displaying a single row or column of monochrome fixed grayscale images under different temperature conditions.

[0061] The storage module is used to store the fourth reference current and the fifth reference current.

[0062] The fourth reference current can be the standard current value output by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a full white image in a single row or column area. Specifically, it can use current sampling data under preset temperature conditions as a reference to establish a reference standard for row or column-level current detection. The fifth reference current can be the set of standard current values ​​output by the power supply circuit under different temperature environments when the display panel displays a specific monochrome fixed grayscale image in a single row or column area. Specifically, it can be achieved by collecting the panel temperature through a temperature sensor and matching it with the reference data at the corresponding temperature to eliminate the influence of temperature changes on current detection.

[0063] Specifically, in single-row or single-column display mode, the control module drives the display panel to sequentially illuminate the pixel units of a specific row or column, while the current detection module synchronously collects the actual current output from the power supply circuit. When displaying a single row of pure white image, the actual current data is compared with the fourth reference current. If the deviation exceeds a threshold, it is determined that there is a short circuit or open circuit fault in that row. In temperature change scenarios, the system calls the fifth reference current corresponding to the temperature from the storage module. By comparing the deviation between the actual current under a monochrome fixed grayscale image and the reference value, the type and number of faulty light-emitting devices in a specific row or column can be accurately identified. For example, in red monochrome display mode, if the actual current of a certain row is significantly lower than the reference value, it indicates that there is an open circuit fault in the red sub-pixel of that row.

[0064] As an example, the fourth reference current can be denoted as I_all; the fifth reference current can be denoted as I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b; the light-emitting device can be an LED. This embodiment can be understood as establishing reference currents during pre-shipment testing of the display panel, including the following: First, detecting the current I_all provided by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels when displaying a single row or column of white screen; this current is the current for normal operation of the LEDs in that row or column. Second, illuminating individual rows and columns of the screen with RGB monochrome fixed grayscale images, and recording the I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b currents for different rows and columns under different LED temperatures. Third, using these currents at different temperatures as reference currents and storing them in the system's storage module.

[0065] This application achieves precise fault location in localized areas of a display panel by establishing a row / column-level reference current database and combining it with a temperature compensation mechanism. Compared to optical inspection, which requires pixel-by-pixel scanning, this method can quickly pinpoint the faulty row or column through current detection, significantly improving detection efficiency. Thus, this application enables rapid location and diagnosis of row- or column-level faults in display panels, effectively solving the problem of difficult-to-quickly identify faulty zones in large-scale pixel arrays. The temperature-compensated reference current data reduces the false positive rate caused by ambient temperature changes and avoids the limitation of traditional voltage detection methods in distinguishing individual LED faults, providing a reliable solution for real-time health monitoring of Micro LED screens.

[0066] In one embodiment, the current detection module is further used to detect the fifth actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a single row or single column of fixed grayscale images under different temperature conditions; or to detect the sixth actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a single row or single column of fixed grayscale images under corresponding different temperature conditions.

[0067] The control module is used to retrieve the corresponding fourth current from the storage module based on the fifth actual current; determine the fifth deviation current between the fifth actual current and the fourth current; determine the third number of short circuits in a single row or column of light-emitting devices in the display panel based on the fifth deviation current; or, retrieve the corresponding fifth reference current from the storage module based on the sixth actual current; determine the sixth deviation current between the sixth actual current and the fifth reference current; determine the fourth number of open circuits in a single row or column of light-emitting devices in the display panel based on the sixth deviation current; wherein the fourth current is determined based on the fourth reference current.

[0068] The storage module is also used to store the third mapping relationship between the fifth deviation current and the third quantity, and the second mapping relationship between the sixth deviation current and the fourth quantity; the third mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices in a single row or column of the display panel that are short-circuit faults; the fourth mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices in a single row or column of the display panel that are open-circuit faults.

[0069] The dual-color fixed grayscale display can be a mode that simultaneously displays two basic colors with fixed brightness levels. Specifically, it can be achieved using a red-green or blue-green grayscale overlay method, used to excite the current response of different color sub-pixels at a specific temperature. A single-row or single-column fixed grayscale display can be a fixed-brightness display that drives only one row or column of pixels on the display panel to display a single color. For example, it can use a line-by-line scanning method to sequentially activate each row of pixels. The fourth current can be the theoretical current value corresponding to the dual-color fixed grayscale display in pre-established reference current data, obtained through experimental measurement of the current characteristics of a normal display panel at different temperatures. The third mapping relationship can be a database corresponding to the deviation current value and the number of short-circuit faults, calibrated by establishing a current offset model under different short-circuit numbers.

[0070] Specifically, when the display panel is in a specific temperature environment, the control module drives the display panel to display a single row of red and green superimposed dual-color fixed grayscale images. The current detection module collects the power supply current corresponding to that row of pixels as the fifth actual current. By comparing this measured value with the reference current of the dual-color image at the corresponding temperature in the storage module, the current deviation is calculated. Based on the pre-established deviation-short circuit number relationship table, the number of light-emitting devices with short circuit faults in that row of pixels can be quickly determined. Similarly, when detecting open circuit faults, by driving a single column of pixels to display a blue fixed grayscale image and collecting the sixth actual current, and matching it with the deviation of the corresponding reference current, the number of open circuit faults in that column of pixels can be accurately counted.

[0071] As an example, a dual-color fixed grayscale image can be a RG, RB, GB fixed grayscale image, or a RG, RB, GB dual-color mixed image. The corresponding fifth actual current can be denoted as I0_rg, I0_rb, I0_gb, respectively; the corresponding fifth deviation current can be denoted as ΔI0_rg, ΔI0_rb, ΔI0_gb, respectively. The determination of the fourth current based on the fourth reference current can be understood as follows: when the dual-color fixed grayscale image is RG, the fourth current is determined based on the fourth reference current of a red and green single-color fixed grayscale image; when the dual-color fixed grayscale image is RB, the fourth current is determined based on the fourth reference current of a red and blue single-color fixed grayscale image; and when the dual-color fixed grayscale image is GB, the fourth current is determined based on the fourth reference current of a green and blue single-color fixed grayscale image. For example, for a single-row, column dual-color fixed grayscale image, i.e., a dual-color mixed image of RG, RB, GB, the I0_rg, I0_rb, I0_gb currents at this temperature are measured and compared with the reference current stored in the storage unit to obtain the deviation current △I0_rg, △I0_rb, △I0_gb of that row and column RGB. Through this deviation current, the number of short circuits of RGB LEDs in that row and column can be determined.

[0072] A monochrome fixed grayscale image can be categorized as an RGB monochrome fixed grayscale image. The sixth actual current can be denoted as I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b, respectively; the corresponding sixth deviation current can be denoted as ΔI1_r, ΔI1_g, and ΔI1_b, respectively. For example, consider a single-row, single-column RGB monochrome fixed grayscale image. The measured I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b currents at this temperature are compared with the reference current stored in the storage unit to obtain the RGB deviation currents ΔI1_r, ΔI1_g, and ΔI1_b. These deviation currents can be used to determine the number of open circuits in the RGB LEDs.

[0073] The third mapping relationship between the fifth deviation current and the third quantity can be understood as the correspondence between the fifth deviation current and the third quantity; the second mapping relationship between the sixth deviation current and the fourth quantity can be understood as the correspondence between the sixth deviation current and the fourth quantity. As an example, in the factory settings, the number of short-circuited R-type faulty LEDs in a row is determined by: ((I_r-I_black)-(I0_w-I0_gb)) / I_R`. Similarly, the number of short-circuited R, G, and B-type faulty LEDs in each row can be calculated. The number of open-circuited R-type faulty LEDs in a row is determined by: (I_r-I_black)-(I1_r-I0_black) / I_R`. Similarly, the number of open-circuited R, G, and B-type faulty LEDs in each row can be calculated.

[0074] This application achieves pixel-level fault location without adding extra hardware by designing a specific detection screen mode and combining it with a partitioned current detection mechanism. Compared to full-screen detection methods, this method reduces the detection unit to the row or column dimension, significantly improving fault location accuracy and detection efficiency. Thus, this application enables rapid identification and precise location of faults in localized areas of the display panel, effectively solving the technical challenge of quickly troubleshooting fault partitions in large-scale pixel arrays. This method can perform real-time detection while the screen is operating normally, avoiding the need to pause the display as required by traditional optical detection. Furthermore, a temperature compensation mechanism eliminates the impact of environmental factors on detection accuracy.

[0075] In one embodiment, the control module is further configured to determine the location information of the light-emitting devices with short-circuit faults based on the number of light-emitting devices with short-circuit faults in a single row or column of the display panel; or, to determine the location information of the light-emitting devices with open-circuit faults based on the number of light-emitting devices with open-circuit faults in a single row or column of the display panel.

[0076] The number of short-circuit faults can be calculated by the current deviation value and the preset mapping relationship, which is the number of light-emitting devices that are short-circuited in a specific display area. Specifically, it can be achieved by using a pre-established correspondence table between deviation current and the number of faults. This correspondence table is generated by experimentally calibrating the relationship between current deviation and the number of faults under different temperature conditions.

[0077] Location information can be the row and column coordinates of the faulty light-emitting device in the display panel. Specifically, this can be achieved by dividing the display panel into a row and column matrix, combining the correspondence between the partitioned power supply circuit and the detection module, and establishing a mapping relationship between abnormal current data and physical location.

[0078] Specifically, when displaying a single row or column of dual-color fixed grayscale, the current detection module collects the actual current data of the corresponding zone. The control module compares the actual current with the reference current under the corresponding temperature conditions stored in the storage module to calculate the deviation current value. By querying the pre-stored mapping relationship between deviation current and the number of faults in the storage module, the number of devices with short-circuit or open-circuit faults in that row or column is determined. Furthermore, combined with the zoned power supply structure of the display panel, the zone number of the detected abnormal current is matched with the row and column coordinates of the display panel. For example, when a deviation current is detected in the fifth current detection submodule of the third power supply zone, it can be directly mapped to the position coordinates of the third row and fifth column of the display panel.

[0079] As an example, the screen's partitioned row and column self-testing, such as pixel-level positioning, enables fault lamp coordinate location, suitable for repair positioning, high-end quality control, and other scenarios. Before the display panel leaves the factory, a reference current is established, including the following: First, the current I_black provided by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels when displaying a full-screen black image; this current is the standby current required to maintain the system. Second, the current I_all provided by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels when displaying a full-screen white image; this current is the current required for all LEDs to operate normally. Third, the current I_all provided by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels when displaying a single row or column of white images; this current is the current required for the normal operation of the LEDs in that row or column, and can be used for verification (I0_w). Fourth, the screen is individually illuminated with RGB monochrome fixed grayscale images row by row and column by column, and the currents I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b are recorded for different rows and columns under different LED temperatures. Fifth, these currents at different temperatures are used as reference currents and stored in the system's storage module. The display panel performs the following self-test upon power-on: First, with a full-screen black display, measure the standby current I0_black. Compare this current with the current in the storage unit to obtain the deviation current △I0_black. This deviation current indicates the current at which all LEDs are short-circuited. Second, with a full-screen white display, measure the current I0_all. Compare this current with the current in the storage unit to obtain the deviation current △I0_all. This deviation current indicates the current at which all LEDs are open-circuited. Third, with a single row / column displaying a full-white screen, measure the current I0_w at that temperature. Fourth, with a single row / column displaying a dual-color fixed grayscale screen (i.e., driving a mixed RG, RB, GB color scheme), measure the currents I0_rg, I0_rb, and I0_gb at that temperature and compare them with the reference current stored in the storage unit to obtain the deviation currents △I0_rg, △I0_rb, and △I0_gb for that row / column RGB. This deviation current indicates the number of short-circuited RGB LEDs in that row / column. Fifth, a single row / column RGB monochrome fixed grayscale image. The measured currents I1_r, I1_g, and I1_b at this temperature are compared with the reference current stored in the memory unit to obtain the RGB deviation currents ΔI1_r, ΔI1_g, and ΔI1_b. This deviation current indicates the number of open-circuit RGB LEDs. Fault determination: The number of short-circuit LEDs in a row with faulty R LEDs is determined by: ((I_r-I_black)-(I0_w-I0_gb)) / I_R`. Similarly, the number of short-circuit LEDs with faulty R, G, and B LEDs in each row can be calculated. The number of open-circuit LEDs in a row with faulty R LEDs is determined by: (I_r-I_black)-(I1_r-I0_black) / I_R`. Similarly, the number of open-circuit LEDs with faulty R, G, and B LEDs in each row can be calculated. Fault LED location: By using the number of faults in a row / column, staggered row / column positioning can be performed to accurately locate the position and number of faulty LEDs.

[0080] This application establishes a direct mapping relationship between current deviation and row / column position, enabling rapid fault location without increasing hardware costs. For example, in the event of a short circuit in an automotive screen, the system can improve fault location accuracy to a single row or column within milliseconds, avoiding the inefficiency of manually inspecting the entire screen as required by traditional methods. Thus, this application achieves rapid fault location in large-scale pixel arrays, solving the problem of existing technologies' inability to accurately locate micron-level LED faults in real time. In scenarios where flexible screen bending causes LEDs to detach, the system can automatically identify abnormal rows or columns and output coordinate information, allowing maintenance personnel to target and repair the faulty area, avoiding the resource waste caused by replacing the entire display module as in traditional methods.

[0081] In one embodiment, the display panel includes a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is used to obtain different temperatures corresponding to different screens on the display panel.

[0082] The temperature sensor can be a temperature sensing device integrated inside or on the surface of the display panel, not shown in the accompanying drawings. Specifically, it can be implemented using a thermistor, thermocouple, or infrared sensor to collect real-time temperature change data generated by the display panel when running different display screens. This temperature sensor forms a physical connection with the pixel array of the display panel, enabling it to sense the local temperature rise of different display zones under the influence of driving current.

[0083] Specifically, when the display panel displays a full black screen, a full white screen, or a monochrome fixed grayscale screen, the temperature sensor synchronously collects the panel temperature data for the corresponding display state. The collected temperature data is transmitted to the control module, which retrieves the reference current data for the corresponding temperature condition from the storage module based on the current temperature value. For example, in an automotive display scenario, when the ambient temperature rises from 25°C to 60°C, the temperature sensor detects this change in real time and feeds the temperature parameter back to the control module. The control module automatically matches the reference current value for the 60°C condition pre-stored in the storage module for fault diagnosis calculations.

[0084] In some specific implementations, the temperature sensor can be arranged in the back panel area of ​​the display panel, forming a heat conduction path with the pixel array through a thermally conductive material. When the display panel switches to a dual-color fixed grayscale display, the temperature sensor can detect the regional temperature difference when different color sub-pixels are driven. For example, the temperature change data of the concentrated driving area of ​​the red sub-pixels is independently collected and compared with a reference temperature-current mapping table.

[0085] This application achieves dynamic compensation of reference current data through real-time temperature detection, eliminating current fluctuation interference caused by temperature changes, and enabling the judgment thresholds for short-circuit and open-circuit faults to adaptively adjust with temperature. Thus, this application effectively solves the problem of false alarms caused by temperature changes, especially in high-current-density operating environments, accurately distinguishing between temperature drift and actual faults. In flexible screen bending scenarios, the temperature sensor can capture localized temperature anomalies caused by LED detachment, and combined with current deviation data, quickly locate the detachment position, avoiding the problems of low efficiency of manual visual inspection and excessively high costs of optical detection hardware.

[0086] As an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This diagram illustrates an application scenario for the fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices provided in the embodiments of this application. The display panel is a Micro LED; the power supply circuit is a Power; and the control module is an MCU / FPGA. A current detection module is added to the power supply terminal (e.g., providing ELVDD voltage) of the Micro LED dot-screen system. This current detection module has high accuracy, capable of precisely measuring current fluctuations as small as 1mA, and transmits the detected current data to the MCU / FPGA in real time. By repeatedly using the current detection module, no high-precision optical equipment is required, making it directly compatible with existing Micro LED production lines and significantly reducing hardware costs. Detection can be performed through power-on self-test or entering self-test mode. Compared to traditional camera-based detection, the self-test function increases the possibility of real-time detection, significantly reducing labor costs and detection time. Even with ultra-high pixel density, precise positioning of LED beads can still be achieved, enabling a high-end warranty system and ensuring a positive user experience.

[0087] To better illustrate the fault diagnosis system for the aforementioned light-emitting device, this application also provides a fault diagnosis method for the light-emitting device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a fault diagnosis method for a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of this application. Applied to the aforementioned fault diagnosis system for the light-emitting device, the method includes:

[0088] Step 401: Detect the actual current data supplied by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels under different display screens;

[0089] Step 402: Retrieve the corresponding reference current data from the storage module of the fault diagnosis system based on the actual current data, so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data; the reference current data includes the current value provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel corresponds to multiple display screens at different temperatures; the fault type includes at least one of short circuit fault and open circuit fault.

[0090] The actual current data can be the operating current of the display panel under different display screens, which is collected in real time by the current detection module. Specifically, it can be achieved by using a high-precision current sensor or a sampling resistor integrated into the power supply circuit, to reflect the real current change of the light-emitting device under dynamic working conditions.

[0091] The reference current data can be a reference current dataset that is pre-established through experiments or simulations and is associated with temperature and display screen. Specifically, it can be achieved by conducting multi-scenario tests on normal display panels under different temperature conditions and recording current parameters, thus providing a standardized comparison basis for fault diagnosis.

[0092] Fault types include short-circuit faults and open-circuit faults. They can be distinguished by analyzing the direction and magnitude of the deviation between the actual current and the reference current. For example, a short-circuit fault will cause an abnormal increase in current, while an open-circuit fault will cause a significant decrease in current.

[0093] Specifically, during the operation of the display panel, the current detection module continuously monitors the actual current data output by the power supply circuit and transmits the data to the control module. The control module retrieves the corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the current display screen type and temperature information. By calculating the deviation between the actual current and the reference current, it determines whether a short circuit or open circuit fault exists. For example, when displaying a completely white screen, if the actual current is significantly lower than the reference current, it indicates an open circuit fault; if the actual current is higher than the reference current threshold when displaying a completely black screen, it is determined to be a short circuit fault. Furthermore, by establishing reference current curves or preset reference current tables at different temperatures, the impact of temperature drift on detection accuracy can be eliminated.

[0094] This method achieves accurate fault type identification without the need for additional optical sensors by comparing dynamic current detection with multi-dimensional benchmark data. Furthermore, a temperature compensation mechanism effectively avoids misjudgments caused by temperature changes in traditional methods. Thus, this application achieves high-precision real-time fault detection for micro LEDs, accurately distinguishing between short-circuit and open-circuit fault types without external optical equipment. Simultaneously, the zoned current detection mechanism quickly locates the fault area, solving the problems of traditional methods' inability to adapt to temperature changes and low detection efficiency. This makes it particularly suitable for scenarios with stringent reliability and real-time requirements, such as automotive screens and flexible display devices.

[0095] For details regarding the method, please refer to the foregoing embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0096] The above provides a detailed description of the fault diagnosis system and method for light-emitting devices provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device, characterized in that, This system is used for fault diagnosis of light-emitting devices in a display panel, and includes a power supply circuit, a current detection module, a control module, and a storage module; the current detection module is connected to both the power supply circuit and the display panel; the control module is connected to the storage module. The display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, and each pixel unit includes at least one sub-pixel; The current detection module is used to detect the actual current data provided by the power supply circuit to the multiple sub-pixels under different display screens of the display panel; The control module is used to retrieve corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the actual current data, so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data. The reference current data includes the current value provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel corresponds to multiple display screens at different temperatures; the fault type includes at least one of short circuit fault and open circuit fault.

2. The fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one sub-pixel in each pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel; the reference current data includes a first reference current provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely black screen, a second reference current provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when displaying a completely white screen, and a third reference current provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when displaying red, green, and blue monochrome fixed grayscale screens under different temperature conditions; The storage module is used to store the first reference current, the second reference current, and the third reference current.

3. The fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current detection module is also used to detect the first actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely black screen; or to detect the second actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a completely white screen. The control module is configured to retrieve a corresponding first reference current from the storage module based on the first actual current; determine a first deviation current between the first actual current and the first reference current; and determine a first current for diagnosing a short circuit in the light-emitting device based on the first deviation current. Alternatively, based on the second actual current, retrieve the corresponding second reference current from the storage module; determine the second deviation current between the second actual current and the second reference current; and determine the second current for diagnosing the open circuit of the light-emitting device based on the second deviation current. The storage module is also used to store the first current and the second current.

4. The fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current detection module is also used to detect the third actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a dual-color fixed grayscale image at different temperatures; or, it is used to detect the fourth actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a monochrome fixed grayscale image at different temperatures. The control module is configured to: retrieve a corresponding third current from the storage module based on the third actual current; determine a third deviation current between the third actual current and the third current; determine a first number of short circuits in the light-emitting device based on the third deviation current; or, retrieve a corresponding third reference current from the storage module based on the fourth actual current; determine a fourth deviation current between the fourth actual current and the third reference current; determine a second number of open circuits in the light-emitting device based on the fourth deviation current; wherein the third current is determined based on the third reference current. The storage module is further configured to store a first mapping relationship between the third deviation current and the first quantity, and a second mapping relationship between the fourth deviation current and the second quantity; the first mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices with short-circuit faults; the second mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices with open-circuit faults.

5. The fault diagnosis system for light-emitting devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel includes multiple display zones; the power supply circuit includes multiple power supply circuits; the current detection module includes multiple current detection sub-modules. One of the current detection submodules is connected to one of the power supply electronic circuits and multiple sub-pixels within one of the display zones; The current detection submodule is used to detect the actual current data provided by the power supply electronic circuit; The control module is used to acquire the actual current sub-data and retrieve the corresponding reference current data from the storage module based on the actual current sub-data; The fault type of the light-emitting device is determined based on the actual current sub-data and the reference current data.

6. The fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reference current data also includes the fourth reference current provided by the power supply circuit to the display panel when the display panel displays a single row or column of white screen, and the fifth reference current provided by the power supply circuit to the display panel when the display panel displays a single row or column of monochrome fixed grayscale screen under different temperature conditions. The storage module is used to store the fourth reference current and the fifth reference current.

7. The fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The current detection module is also used to detect the fifth actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a single row or a single column of fixed grayscale images under different temperature conditions; or to detect the sixth actual current supplied to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel displays a single row or a single column of fixed grayscale images under corresponding different temperature conditions. The control module is configured to retrieve a corresponding fourth current from the storage module based on the fifth actual current; determine a fifth deviation current between the fifth actual current and the fourth current; determine a third number of short circuits in a single row or column of the light-emitting devices in the display panel based on the fifth deviation current; or, retrieve a corresponding fifth reference current from the storage module based on the sixth actual current; and determine a sixth deviation current between the sixth actual current and the fifth reference current. The fourth number of light-emitting devices in a single row or column of the display panel that are open-circuited is determined based on the sixth deviation current; wherein the fourth current is determined based on the fourth reference current; The storage module is also used to store the third mapping relationship between the fifth deviation current and the third quantity, and the fourth mapping relationship between the sixth deviation current and the fourth quantity; The third mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices in a single row or column of the display panel that have short-circuit faults; the fourth mapping relationship is used to determine the number of light-emitting devices in a single row or column of the display panel that have open-circuit faults.

8. The fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control module is further configured to determine the location information of the light-emitting devices with short-circuit faults based on the number of light-emitting devices with short-circuit faults in a single row or column of the display panel; or, to determine the location information of the light-emitting devices with open-circuit faults based on the number of light-emitting devices with open-circuit faults in a single row or column of the display panel.

9. The fault diagnosis system for a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The display panel includes a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is used to obtain different temperatures corresponding to different screens on the display panel.

10. A fault diagnosis method for a light-emitting device, characterized in that, The fault diagnosis system for the light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: The actual current data supplied by the power supply circuit to multiple sub-pixels of the display panel is detected under different display screens. The corresponding reference current data is retrieved from the storage module of the fault diagnosis system based on the actual current data, so as to determine the fault type of the light-emitting device based on the actual current data and the reference current data; the reference current data includes the current value provided to the display panel by the power supply circuit when the display panel corresponds to multiple display screens at different temperatures; the fault type includes at least one of short circuit fault and open circuit fault.

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