Matrix type efficient machining method for small limiting structural parts

Abstract

The matrix type efficient machining method for the small limiting structural parts comprises the steps that S1, blank selection facing matrix type machining is conducted, S2, clamping facing matrix type machining is conducted, clamping faces with the preset length are symmetrically machined on the outer ring face of a bar in the axial direction, and the clamping faces with the preset length are machined on the outer ring face of the bar in the axial direction; the clamping surface is positioned and pressed through a machine tool supporting plate and a pressing plate and is mounted on a workbench of a numerical control machine tool; s3, criss-cross one-time milling forming facing matrix type machining is conducted, inclined faces distributed in a stepped mode are milled, the axial included angle between the inclined faces and a milling cutter is an acute angle, the milling cutter conducts machining in a criss-cross cutter path mode, and a plurality of trapezoidal structural parts to be cut off are formed on the end face of the bar; and S4, the to-be-cut trapezoidal structural part is cut from the bar to form a plurality of trapezoidal structural parts of two types, and therefore the part machining efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of aero-engine whole blade ring component processing, and particularly relates to a matrix type high-efficiency processing method for aero small limiting structure parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, the machining of aero small limiting structure parts is generally achieved by single-piece milling or single-piece stamping. However, due to large quality fluctuation, the machining efficiency is low, and the product quality is affected. In addition, due to the complex microstructure of the parts, the machining efficiency is low, and it is difficult to meet the fast-paced small-batch production task of scientific research, which consumes a lot of time and is low in efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, the application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a matrix type high-efficiency processing method for small limiting structure parts, and solve the technical problem of low efficiency of the prior art method in processing aero small limiting structure parts. The technical solution of the application has many technical advantages, which are described as follows. A matrix type high-efficiency processing method for small limiting structure parts is suitable for the machining of two types of trapezoidal structure parts with different lengths. The method comprises the following steps. S1: selecting a blank for matrix type processing, wherein the milling interval, milling sequence and milling tool path of the numerical control machine tool are determined according to the size parameters and quantity of the trapezoidal structure parts to be processed, and a rod with a corresponding size is selected; S2: clamping for matrix type processing, wherein a clamping surface with a preset length is symmetrically machined on the outer surface of the rod along the axial direction, the clamping surface is positioned and pressed by the machine tool support plate and the pressing plate, and is installed on the workbench of the numerical control machine tool; S3: longitudinal and transverse staggered one-time milling forming for matrix type processing, wherein a stepped distribution of inclined surfaces is milled, the axial angle between the inclined surfaces and the milling tool is an acute angle, and the milling tool is processed in a longitudinal and transverse staggered tool path, thereby forming a plurality of trapezoidal structure parts to be cut on the end surface of the rod; S4: cutting the trapezoidal structure parts to be cut from the rod to form a plurality of trapezoidal structure parts of two types.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the application has the following advantages: The blank selection method for matrix processing can process general bars, avoids producing customized blanks, has stronger universality and costs less. The small planes are pre-processed to realize positioning in part processing, without needing to send any milling fixture or stamping special fixture, and only needs to press the plate to realize clamping, saves tooling cost, and at the same time, faces general bars, can process small trapezoidal structure parts with different height sizes in batches, the one-time forming processing mode can significantly improve quality consistency, meets the overall ring outer ring limiting requirement, and improves processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0007] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of two parts with different length sizes; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of processing a clamping plane from a bar; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of part rotation in the longitudinal and transverse staggered one-time milling forming method of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the processing strategy of mixed multiple height steps of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the tool path in the longitudinal and transverse staggered one-time milling forming method in the present application example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The embodiments of the present application will be described below through specific concrete examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and each detail in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0009] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this invention, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0010] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0011] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that aspects can be practiced without these specific details. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0012] like Figures 1 to 5 The matrix-based high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components shown is applicable to the machining of two types of trapezoidal structural components with different lengths. The method includes... S1: Blank selection for matrix machining. This involves determining the CNC machine tool's milling interval, milling sequence, and cutter path based on the dimensions and quantity of the trapezoidal structural parts to be machined, and selecting bar stock of corresponding dimensions. The aim is to select suitable general-purpose bar stock specifications to maximize the number of parts that can be machined, thereby saving costs by replacing dedicated forging blanks with general-purpose bar stock machining. Furthermore, in this step, to ensure material hardness, a heat treatment process can be selected to achieve the required hardness and wear resistance.

[0013] S2: Clamping for matrix processing, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the bar is machined in an axial symmetry to form a clamping surface of a preset length, the clamping surface is positioned and compressed by a machine tool support plate and a pressing plate and is installed on the workbench of the numerical control machine tool. Specifically, to prevent the blank from rotating during machining and to achieve better positioning, a small plane is milled in each of the circumferential symmetry 180° directions of the bar in step S1, which is used for positioning and compression of the machine tool support plate and the pressing plate. Thus, the additional cost caused by manufacturing a special fixture can be avoided. When there is no suitable pressing plate, a vice can be used instead of compression.

[0014] S3: Longitudinal and transverse staggered one-time milling forming for matrix processing, wherein the stepped distributed inclined surfaces are milled, the axial angle between the inclined surfaces and the milling cutter is an acute angle, and the milling cutter adopts a longitudinal and transverse staggered tool path for processing, thereby forming a plurality of to-be-cut-off trapezoidal structural members on the end surface of the bar. Specifically, Milling the stepped distributed inclined surfaces includes: after the bar is fixed, rotating the workbench of the numerical control machine tool so that the axial angle between the milling cutter and the bar is 30°. Starting the milling cutter to mill on one end surface of the bar, and forming the stepped distributed inclined surfaces at intervals, the height difference of the inclined surfaces being a preset height to satisfy the ability to form trapezoidal parts of two length sizes, for example, the height difference between each row of inclined surfaces and the adjacent inclined surfaces of the stepped distributed inclined surfaces is 5 mm.

[0015] Milling the stepped distributed inclined surfaces by the milling cutter in a longitudinal and transverse staggered tool path includes: Rotating the workbench of the numerical control machine tool back to the original position so that the axis of the bar is parallel to the main shaft of the machine tool; As shown in Figure 5 The side and end horizontal milling of the stepped distributed inclined surfaces by the bar cutter, and the interval of the tool path satisfies: the sum of 2 times the radius of the bar cutter and the width of the trapezoidal part; The side and end vertical milling of the stepped distributed inclined surfaces by the bar cutter, and the interval of the tool path satisfies: the sum of 2 times the radius of the bar cutter and the height of the trapezoidal part, and the end point of the horizontal milling of the bar cutter is the starting point of the vertical milling of the bar cutter; The vertical milling of the bar cutter forms a plurality of two types of to-be-cut-off trapezoidal structural members on the end surface of the bar.

[0016] Further, the height dimension of the to-be-cut-off trapezoidal structural member has a margin of ±0.05, the width dimension of the to-be-cut-off trapezoidal structural member has a margin of ±0.05, the type of the bar cutter is φ12, and the two types of trapezoidal structural members include a trapezoidal structural member with a length of 10 mm and a trapezoidal structural member with a length of 5 mm.

[0017] S4: cutting the ladder-shaped structure from the bar stock to form a plurality of two types of ladder-shaped structure, to prevent the milling limit structure from splashing and being injured when cutting, using a disc cutter to process the part after step S3, along the length direction, cutting the small ladder-shaped structure from the bar stock to complete the part processing. In this step, when there is no suitable diameter disc cutter or the bar stock length is insufficient, line cutting and re-melting layer removal can also be used to ensure the final length and cutting surface roughness.

[0018] Referring to Figure 1 The two parts have the same height and width, for example, the small limit structure is a right-angled ladder-shaped structure, with two specifications of 5mm and 10mm in length, 3mm in width, and 4.4mm in height, the ladder-shaped acute angle side has an angle of 60 degrees, the width direction needs to be R1, the minimum tolerance is ±0.05, the part size and tolerance are relatively small. Moreover, the material is a high-temperature alloy, which is difficult to cut, and sufficient cutting force of the tool needs to be ensured based on precise machining of the required structure. In addition, in terms of cost, the structure needs to be welded and assembled in the outer ring groove of the whole blade ring for limiting, and 10 pieces of each of the two specifications of 5mm and 10mm are required for a single machine, with small batch size, which needs to be produced in batches with low investment and high efficiency to meet the assembly requirements. Specifically, 1. The blank selection for matrix processing considers the processing cycle and blank cost, and directly uses a bar stock as the blank. Since the limit structure has a round corner in the width and height directions that needs to be milled out, the length direction of the part is kept consistent with the axial direction of the bar stock, and since batch processing of multiple parts needs to be achieved at one time, the diameter of the selected bar stock should be related to the height, width, and number of limit structures, and the length of the bar stock should be related to the length and number of limit structures. Since the material hardness is relatively high, we consider using a bar cutter with the smallest diameter φ12 that meets the tool rigidity to mill a sufficient number of parts at one time, and the bar stock with a diameter of φ120mm is selected.

[0019] 2. Referring to Figure 2 As shown, the clamping and pre-processing method for matrix processing considers that the length of the bar stock needs to be clamped by 40mm, exposed by 10mm, and can be repeatedly milled, and the length of the bar stock is positioned by 75mm. The material is consistent with the limit structure, which is a high-temperature alloy, and is heat treated once to ensure hardness. To prevent rotation during processing and better positioning, a small plane with a width of about 48mm is milled on the bar stock surface in the direction of 180° symmetry for positioning and pressing by the machine tool bed and pressing plate. The length direction of the bar stock is positioned by the non-processing end.

[0020] 3. The longitudinal and transverse interlaced one-time milling forming method for matrix processing considers the structure of the limit structure to mill more surfaces at one time to ensure the relative size of most surfaces, and considers processing on a horizontal milling machine with a rotary table according to the following steps: Referring toFigure 3 (1) After the bar is clamped and pre-processed in step 2, rotate the workbench of the horizontal machining equipment to make the milling cutter and the part form a 30° angle, start the milling cutter to mill the end face of the bar to form a ladder-shaped distribution of bevels, ensuring that two length sizes of trapezoidal parts can be formed. For example, the height of the first row of bevels is 15 mm, the height of the second row of bevels is 10 mm, the height of the third row of bevels is 15 mm, and the height of the fourth row of bevels is 10 mm. Preferably, the length direction size of the part is processed to form a ladder-shaped distribution of bevels. It should be noted that in this step, in order to process two size structures at one time, a variety of height step processing strategies can be used, that is, according to the different height sizes of the processed parts, the height of the adjacent ladder faces after processing is different.

[0021] (2) After the workbench of the horizontal machining equipment is rotated by 30° (returns to the initial state), the bar axis is parallel to the machine tool spindle, and then a φ12 bar cutter is used to process in a longitudinal and transverse staggered tool path (the side toughness of the φ12 bar cutter is used to horizontally mill the ladder-shaped distribution of bevels, and the side toughness of the φ12 bar cutter is used to vertically mill the ladder-shaped distribution of bevels. When the side toughness of the φ12 bar cutter is horizontally milled, the interval of the multiple tracks satisfies: the sum of 2 times the radius of the φ12 bar cutter and the width of the trapezoidal part; when the side toughness of the φ12 bar cutter is vertically milled, the interval of the multiple tracks satisfies: the sum of 2 times the radius of the φ12 bar cutter and the height of the trapezoidal part (according to the milling process, the end point of horizontal milling is the starting point of vertical milling); uniform formation of the to-be-cut trapezoidal structure on the end face of the bar, see Figure 4 For example, the first row is a 15 mm length cut-off trapezoidal structure, the second row is a 10 mm length cut-off trapezoidal structure, the third row is a 15 mm length cut-off trapezoidal structure, and the fourth row is a 10 mm length cut-off trapezoidal structure, which are distributed at regular intervals. The height and width of the processed trapezoidal structure are 4, and the height size of the to-be-cut trapezoidal structure is 4.4±0.05, and the width size of the to-be-cut trapezoidal structure is 3±0.05. For different length limit structure milling, a step processing strategy can be used to improve efficiency.

[0022] (3) Repeat the rounding of each limit to-be-cut trapezoidal structure through a macro program.

[0023] 4. All to-be-cut trapezoidal structures are cut from the end face of the bar to prevent the limit structure from being cut off and splashing during milling. Use the disc cutter to process the part after step (3), along the length direction, to cut off the small trapezoidal structure from the bar to complete the part processing. In this step, when there is no suitable diameter disc cutter or the length of the bar is insufficient, a wire cutting method can also be used to cut off and remove the re-melted layer to ensure the final length and cutting surface roughness.

[0024] The product provided by the present application is described in detail above. The principle and implementation mode of the present application are described by applying specific examples in this paper, and the above description of the examples is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A matrix-based high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components, applicable to the machining of two types of trapezoidal structural components with different lengths, characterized in that... Its methods include, S1: Blank selection for matrix machining, wherein the milling interval width, milling sequence and milling cutter path of the CNC machine tool are determined according to the size parameters and quantity of the trapezoidal structural parts to be machined, and the corresponding size of bar stock is selected; S2: Clamping for matrix machining, wherein the outer ring surface of the bar stock is symmetrically machined with a clamping surface of a preset length along the axial direction, and the clamping surface is positioned and pressed by the machine tool support plate and pressure plate and installed on the worktable of the CNC machine tool; S3: A one-time milling process with interlaced cross-cutting for matrix-style machining, wherein stepped inclined surfaces are milled out, the angle between the inclined surfaces and the axis of the milling cutter is acute, and the milling cutter uses an interlaced tool path to process, forming multiple trapezoidal structural parts to be cut on the end face of the bar stock. S4: Cut the trapezoidal structural component to be cut from the bar stock to form multiple trapezoidal structural components of two different models.

2. The matrix-type high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 includes milling out stepped inclined surfaces, After the bar stock is fixed, the worktable of the CNC machine tool is rotated so that the axial angle between the milling cutter and the bar stock is 30°. The milling cutter is started to mill one end face of the bar stock, forming stepped inclined surfaces at intervals. The height difference of the inclined surfaces is a preset height to allow the formation of trapezoidal parts of two different lengths.

3. The matrix-type high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height difference between each row of inclined planes and the adjacent inclined planes in the stepped distribution is 5 mm.

4. The matrix-type high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The milling cutter in S3 uses a crisscrossing tool path for machining, including... The CNC machine tool's worktable rotates and resets, making the bar stock axis parallel to the machine tool spindle; The side milling of the stepped inclined surface is carried out using a bar cutter, and the interval of the tool path satisfies: twice the sum of the bar cutter radius and the width of the trapezoidal part. The side milling of the inclined plane is carried out using a bar cutter, and the interval of the tool path satisfies the following: twice the bar cutter radius and the sum of the height of the trapezoidal part, and the end point of the bar cutter cross milling is the starting point of the bar cutter vertical milling. After vertical milling with a bar cutter, multiple trapezoidal structural parts of two different types are formed on the end face of the bar stock to be cut.

5. The matrix-type high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components according to claim 4, characterized in that, The height dimension of the trapezoidal structural component to be cut has a margin of ±0.05, and the width dimension of the trapezoidal structural component to be cut has a margin of ±0.

05.

6. The matrix-type high-efficiency machining method for small limiting structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bar blade is φ12, and the two types of trapezoidal structural components include a trapezoidal structural component with a length of 10mm and a trapezoidal structural component with a length of 5mm.

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