Floating board-to-board connector signal terminal pin structure design optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating board-to-board connector signal terminal pin structure design optimization method, and belongs to the technical field of connectors. According to the method, transient dynamic finite element full-automatic parametric modeling of terminal and plastic shell assembly is achieved through a Python language, associated data of clamping thorn structure parameters and insertion and extraction force characteristics are obtained through orthogonal experimental design, and a multivariate nonlinear prediction model is established. A sub-target multiplication and division method is innovatively adopted to construct an insertion and extraction force comprehensive performance target function, a genetic algorithm is applied to carry out multi-target optimization, and finally an optimal parameter combination meeting working condition requirements is obtained. According to the invention, the intelligent design of the terminal bayonet structure is realized, the mechanical stability, the assembly reliability and the production economy of the connector are obviously improved, and an efficient solution is provided for the design of a high-precision connector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of connector technology, specifically to a method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structures in a floating board-to-board connector. Background Technology

[0002] In floating plate-to-plate connectors, terminal clips play a crucial role in mechanical stability and assembly performance. They are typically used to enhance the fixation of terminals in the base and prevent terminals from loosening or falling off due to external forces or long-term use.

[0003] Pull-out force is a core indicator of connector terminal reliability, and its reasonable range directly affects mechanical stability and electrical connection quality. Too low a pull-out force can lead to terminal loosening and failure, while too high a pull-out force can cause assembly difficulties or even structural damage. This performance parameter is influenced by multiple coupled factors, including the terminal's structural dimensions, barb geometry, and matching parameters with the plastic housing. Due to the complex nonlinear interactions among these variables, traditional empirical design methods struggle to achieve precise control.

[0004] However, traditional connector terminal design relies heavily on experience, requiring repeated trials and parameter adjustments, resulting in low efficiency and high resource consumption. Parameter selection is often difficult to match precisely, potentially leading to excessive costs or manufacturing difficulties. Since terminal design is a multivariate optimization problem, traditional methods are prone to getting trapped in local optima, limiting performance and manufacturing cost optimization.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an optimization method for the terminal clip structure of floating board-to-board connectors to solve the inefficiency problem caused by traditional experience-based design. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, and in response to the above problems, this invention proposes an optimized design method for the signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector. This method solves the problems caused by an unreasonable terminal retaining structure, which results in insufficient holding force, poor terminal contact, and impact on electrical performance, or excessive holding force, which increases insertion force, leading to assembly difficulties, terminal deformation, or even damage.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is: A method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector includes: Step S1: Generate a simulation model of the signal terminals in the floating board-to-board connector based on parametric modeling; Step S2: Based on the signal terminal's snagging structure in the generated simulation model, simulate the signal terminal insertion process under different snagging structure parameters, and extract the insertion and extraction force data; Step S3: Perform correlation analysis on the extracted insertion and extraction force data, and screen out the spur structure parameter factors that have a significant impact on insertion and extraction performance as optimization variables; Step S4: Based on the selected spur structure parameter factors and the insertion and extraction force data, a nonlinear polynomial regression fitting is performed to obtain the insertion and extraction force prediction model. After verification, a normalization process is used to construct a comprehensive performance prediction model for insertion and extraction force. Step S5: Based on the insertion and extraction force requirements of the actual project, perform multi-objective optimization to solve the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force, and obtain the optimal combination of spike structure parameters that meets the project requirements.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, when modeling the simulation model, a symmetrical modeling strategy is adopted to model and analyze the structure of the half terminal spur and the plastic shell. When modeling the simulation model, the structural area of ​​the terminal clip and the plastic shell is divided into contact area and non-contact area according to the contact situation between the terminal clip and the plastic shell. The contact area is divided into a high-precision hexahedral mesh, and the non-contact area is divided into an automatic mesh. The simulation model is performed using the transient dynamics finite element method, and the overall calculation is based on an explicit dynamics algorithm.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2, the signal terminal latching structure is a double latching structure; The dual-spiking structure includes small spikes and large spikes sequentially arranged on the terminal body, and both the small spikes and the large spikes include two spikes symmetrically arranged on the terminal body. The vertical distance from the end of the small spike furthest from the terminal to the central axis of the terminal is the height h1 of the small spike, and the vertical distance from the end of the large spike furthest from the terminal to the central axis of the terminal is the height h2 of the large spike; wherein... The large spur is provided with a first inclined surface that is in the same direction as the terminal insertion and a second inclined surface that is in the same direction as the terminal extraction. The angle formed between the first inclined surface and the extension direction of the terminal body is the insertion end inclination angle; The angle formed between the second inclined surface and the extension direction of the terminal body is the pull-out end inclination angle.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the method for simulating the signal terminal insertion process under different snag structure parameters and extracting insertion and extraction force data specifically includes: Four parameters of the terminal clip structure were selected as influencing factors, including the insertion end tilt angle D1, the extraction end tilt angle D2, the small clip height h1, and the large clip height h2, wherein the large clip height h2 differs from the small clip height h1 by 0.01 mm. Based on the aforementioned impact factors, an orthogonal experimental table was designed, with five factor levels set for each impact factor. Based on the orthogonal experimental table, the orthogonal experimental arrangement of different combinations of factor levels of influencing factors is determined. Different spiking structures are obtained based on the different combinations of factor levels of influencing factors for simulation, and the insertion and extraction force data are calculated to obtain the orthogonal experimental results. Preferably, in step S2, when calculating the insertion and extraction force data, a cross section is predefined as the surface on which the displacement load is applied; The simulation demonstrates the process of inserting a terminal into a plastic housing at a speed of 1 m / s and completely withdrawing the terminal at a speed of 50 mm / s. Extract the reaction force data on the cross section to obtain the insertion force value and extraction force value from the insertion and extraction force data.

[0011] Preferably, the methods for conducting correlation analysis specifically include: Correlation analysis was performed on the parameters in the orthogonal experimental setup and results to obtain the Person correlation heatmap; Based on the results of correlation analysis, the jamming structure parameters that significantly affect insertion and extraction performance are screened. These jamming structure parameters include the height of the large jamming spike h2, the height of the small jamming spike h1, the tilt angle of the insertion end D1, and the tilt angle of the extraction end D2.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the method for obtaining the insertion / extraction force prediction model by performing nonlinear polynomial regression fitting specifically includes: Based on the orthogonal experimental results, nonlinear polynomial regression fitting was performed on the insertion force and extraction force to fit the parameters of the puncture structure. The polynomial regression equations for the spiking structure parameters and the insertion force Y1 and extraction force Y2 are obtained respectively, as follows: ; The insertion and extraction force prediction model is obtained based on the polynomial regression equation; Methods for validating insertion and extraction force prediction models include: Select 3-5 cases outside the parameter range of the orthogonal experimental arrangement, compare the insertion and extraction force obtained by the prediction model with the actual simulation experiment, and judge the accuracy of the insertion and extraction force prediction model to pass the test if the error is within 5%.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the method for constructing a comprehensive performance prediction model for insertion and extraction forces through normalization processing includes: The insertion and extraction force prediction model is normalized. Based on the preset weight ratio of insertion force and extraction force, the overall objective function of the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force is constructed in the manner of multiplication and division of sub-objectives.

[0014] Preferably, the weight ratio of the insertion force to the extraction force is 2:8; When constructing the overall objective function, the relationship between the predicted insertion and extraction forces and the combined insertion and extraction forces is as follows: Where f1 and f2 are the prediction formulas for insertion force and extraction force obtained by the insertion and extraction force prediction model, Fmin represents the minimum value of insertion force or extraction force in the experimental results of all orthogonal experiments, Fmax represents the maximum value of insertion force or extraction force in the experimental results of all orthogonal experiments, and F is the comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction force.

[0015] Preferably, in step S5, the method for multi-objective optimization of the insertion and extraction force comprehensive performance prediction model includes: The number of variables and their numerical ranges for optimization are determined based on the insertion and extraction force requirements of the actual project. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to perform multi-objective optimization on the prediction model of the comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction forces. The optimal stab structure parameters that meet the insertion and extraction force requirements of actual engineering are obtained.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention aims to generate experimental data by simulating actual working conditions through parametric automatic modeling. Correlation analysis, fitting, and normalization of the experimental data are then performed to construct a comprehensive performance prediction model for signal terminal insertion and extraction forces. An algorithm is used to solve the prediction model, thereby deriving the optimal combination of parameters for the spur structure. This significantly improves design efficiency, enables rapid simulation iteration, achieves comprehensive performance optimization, enhances mechanical stability and assembly reliability, reduces development costs, and provides a standardized solution for precision connectors. It solves the problem that traditional connector terminal design relies heavily on experience, requiring repeated trials and parameter adjustments, resulting in low efficiency and high resource consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the floating plate to plate connector signal terminal piercing structure design optimization method provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the terminal clip structure and base provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal clip structure parameters provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grid division of the terminal clips and plastic shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the Person correlation analysis heatmap of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a comparison of insertion and extraction force data between the optimal parameter combination of the present invention and the parameter combination before optimization; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a method for optimizing the design of a signal terminal clip structure for a floating plate-to-plate connector, according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: Terminal body - 101, large spur - 102, small spur - 103, first inclined surface - 105, second inclined surface - 106. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] The following disclosure presents numerous different implementations or examples for different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples of the embodiments of the present invention; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0026] In this embodiment, experimental data is generated by simulating actual working conditions through parametric automatic modeling. Correlation analysis, fitting, and normalization are performed on the experimental data to construct a comprehensive performance prediction model for signal terminal insertion and extraction forces. An algorithm is then used to solve the prediction model, thereby deriving the optimal combination of parameters for the spur structure. This significantly improves design efficiency, enables rapid simulation iteration, achieves comprehensive performance optimization, enhances mechanical stability and assembly reliability, reduces development costs, and provides a standardized solution for precision connectors. It solves the problem that traditional connector terminal design relies heavily on experience, requiring repeated trials and parameter adjustments, resulting in low efficiency and high resource consumption.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example: like Figure 1 As shown, this is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment discloses a method for optimizing the design of the signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector, including the following steps: Step S1: Generate a simulation model of the signal terminals in the floating board-to-board connector based on parametric modeling.

[0029] Using parametric automatic modeling technology, a fully automated parametric modeling system was developed based on the Python language. Abaqus was selected as the modeling platform, and explicit dynamics algorithms and transient dynamics finite element methods were combined to perform parametric CAD / CAE modeling of the snagging structure of the signal terminals in the floating plate-to-plate connector.

[0030] Step S2: Based on the simulation model of the generated signal terminal's spiking structure, simulate the insertion process under different spiking structure parameters and extract the insertion and extraction force data; Step S3: Perform correlation analysis on the extracted insertion and extraction force data, and select the spur structure parameters that have a significant impact on insertion and extraction performance as optimization variables; Step S4: Based on the selected spur structure parameters, perform nonlinear polynomial regression fitting on the extracted insertion force and extraction force to obtain the insertion and extraction force prediction model. After verification, construct the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force through normalization. Step S5: Apply the algorithm to perform multi-objective optimization to solve the prediction model and obtain the optimal combination of spike structure parameters that meets the engineering requirements.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, a simulation model was performed on the signal terminal spiking structure of the floating board to board connector. This embodiment discloses a signal terminal spiking structure with a double spiking structure. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, the subsequent description of the signal terminal spiking structure design optimization method of the present invention is based on this double spiking structure, but this method is also applicable to the design of other signal terminal spiking structures.

[0032] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the double-snap structure of the signal terminal snap structure in this embodiment includes a small snap 103 and a large snap 102 sequentially disposed on the terminal body 101. Both the small snap 103 and the large snap 102 include two snaps symmetrically disposed on the terminal body 101. The vertical distance from the end of the small snap 103 away from the terminal to the central axis of the terminal is the height h1 of the small snap, and the vertical distance from the end of the large snap 102 away from the terminal to the central axis of the terminal is the height h2 of the large snap. The large snap 102 is provided with a first inclined surface 105 in the same direction as the terminal insertion and a second inclined surface 106 in the same direction as the terminal withdrawal. The angle formed between the first inclined surface 105 and the extension direction of the terminal body 101 is the insertion end inclination angle θ1. The angle formed between the second inclined surface 106 and the extension direction of the terminal body is the withdrawal end inclination angle θ2.

[0033] The dual-snap structure significantly improves the positioning accuracy of the terminals in the base hole, prevents misalignment, and reduces the risk of pin retraction and poor connection during mating. Simultaneously, the gradually decreasing size of the snaps at the front and back controls the deformation rate of the plastic hole, enhances the snap holding force, and improves the product's reliability under high vibration and impact environments.

[0034] from Figure 3As can be seen above, the small and large spikes are symmetrically structured around the terminal's central axis. As a preferred embodiment, to simplify the modeling of the simulation model, a symmetrical modeling strategy is adopted, and the structure of the half-terminal spike and the plastic shell on one side of the terminal's central axis is modeled and analyzed. During modeling, Abaqus is used as the modeling platform, combined with Python language for parametric modeling. By defining key points and calculating their coordinates according to formulas, a two-dimensional cross-section of the spike structure and the plastic shell is constructed, and a complete three-dimensional model is generated through an extrusion operation.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, to improve simulation efficiency, the terminal clips and plastic housing are divided into contact and non-contact areas. High-precision hexahedral meshes are used for the contact areas, while automatic meshing is performed for the non-contact areas. This approach significantly improves simulation efficiency while ensuring computational accuracy.

[0036] For the simulation calculations of the established simulation model, explicit dynamics calculation methods and adaptive time step control techniques are employed to improve calculation accuracy. The explicit dynamics calculation method is the explicit central difference integral method, which is based on Newton's second law. It uses the central difference method for integration, first calculating acceleration, then velocity, and finally updating displacement. It is suitable for problems with high nonlinearity, large deformation, large displacement, and severe contact.

[0037] During simulation, the cross section that serves as the surface on which the displacement load is applied is predefined. For example... Figure 4 As shown, section 1 is the surface where the displacement load is applied. The simulation demonstrates the process of the terminal being inserted into the plastic shell at a speed of 1 m / s and then completely pulled out at a speed of 50 mm / s. The reaction force data on this section is extracted, and the insertion force and extraction force values ​​are obtained from the insertion and extraction force data. Through this simulation process, the insertion and extraction force data under the current spur structure can be calculated.

[0038] To improve simulation efficiency and better obtain insertion and extraction force data of signal terminals under different spike structure parameters, four spike structure parameters of the terminal spike structure were first selected as influencing factors, including the insertion end tilt angle D1, the extraction end tilt angle D2, the small spike height h1, and the large spike height h2, where the large spike height h2 differs from the small spike height h1 by 0.01 mm. Then, an orthogonal experimental scheme was designed for the four spike structure parameters to generate multiple parameter combinations.

[0039] Specifically, an orthogonal experimental table was designed based on the aforementioned influencing factors. Five factor levels were set for each influencing factor to obtain the orthogonal experimental table, as shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Based on the orthogonal experimental table, orthogonal experimental arrangements were determined for different combinations of influencing factors. Different terminal jamming structures were obtained based on these combinations of factors, and simulations were performed to calculate insertion and extraction force data, yielding the orthogonal experimental results. A fully automated parametric modeling system developed using Python allows for rapid adjustment of the terminal jamming structure, followed by sequential mechanical simulation analysis to obtain insertion and extraction force data.

[0041] Different orthogonal experimental arrangements and the results of orthogonal experiments are shown in Table 2: Table 2 When conducting simulations according to the orthogonal experimental arrangement, first, based on the factor level settings in Table 2, refer to Table 1 to determine the specific values ​​of the four spur structure parameters for each group. Then, generate the corresponding spur structure in the simulation model and perform simulation calculations to obtain the insertion force and extraction force values ​​in the insertion and extraction force data.

[0042] For each parameter in the orthogonal experimental setup and results in Table 2, multi-factor correlation analysis was performed using Origin software. Specifically, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to obtain the correlation characteristics of each structural parameter with the terminal insertion force and extraction force, resulting in a Pearson correlation heatmap, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0043] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the insertion end tilt angle D1, the extraction end tilt angle D2, the small serrated edge height h1, and the large serrated edge height h2 have a significant impact on the terminal insertion and extraction force. For the insertion end tilt angle D1, it has a significant positive correlation with the insertion force and a significant negative correlation with the extraction force; for the extraction end tilt angle D2, it has a significant positive correlation with the extraction force.

[0044] Meanwhile, all four single factors had significant effects on insertion and extraction forces. Under single-factor conditions, the influence on insertion force, from largest to smallest, was: large spur height h2 > small spur height h1 > insertion end tilt angle D1 > extraction end tilt angle D2. Under multiple-factor conditions, the influence on extraction force, from largest to smallest, was: insertion end tilt angle D1 > large spur height h2 > small spur height h1 > extraction end tilt angle D2. In the figure, 'X' indicates that the two factors are uncorrelated at the 0.05 level.

[0045] The above analysis shows that the structural parameters of the spur that significantly affect insertion and extraction performance include the insertion end tilt angle D1, the extraction end tilt angle D2, the small spur height h1, and the large spur height h2. By performing multiple regression fitting on these parameters, a predictive model for insertion and extraction forces can be constructed.

[0046] At this point, based on the orthogonal experimental data in Table 2, a multivariate regression fitting is performed to obtain the insertion and extraction force prediction model. This model specifically includes a quadratic polynomial regression equation for the spur structure parameters and the insertion force Y1, and a cubic polynomial regression equation for the extraction force Y2: 1.557e+05 and 3.722e+05 are expressed in scientific notation.

[0047] It is important to note that when performing polynomial fitting, a quadratic nonlinear polynomial is used first. If the correlation coefficient is less than 0.95, a cubic nonlinear polynomial is used, which has stronger fitting ability and prediction accuracy.

[0048] Based on the orthogonal experimental data in Table 2, the above insertion and extraction force prediction model was validated and calculated. The correlation coefficient of the insertion force fitting of this prediction model was obtained. Pull-out force fitting correlation coefficient This indicates that the fitting results of this method have high accuracy, and the correlation between the actual experimental results and the predicted results is good, indicating that the regression model is consistent with the experimental data.

[0049] As a preferred implementation, in order to further verify the accuracy of the prediction model, 3-5 cases of factor level combinations outside the parameter range of Table 2 were selected. The insertion and extraction force data obtained based on the insertion and extraction force prediction model were compared with the insertion and extraction force data obtained by actual simulation experiments of the case of factor level combinations outside the parameter range. The error was within 5%, indicating that the prediction model was relatively accurate.

[0050] It is important to note that in actual engineering requirements, insertion force and extraction force are not two independent parameters. When designing the parameters of the spiking structure, the needs of both need to be considered comprehensively. The comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction force refers to the fact that the smaller the insertion force during the assembly of the terminal spiking, the better, as it can reduce the assembly difficulty; the larger the extraction force, the better, as it can ensure that the terminal will not fall off accidentally under vibration, impact or external force. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a prediction model for the comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction force.

[0051] Specifically, the insertion and extraction force prediction model is first normalized. Based on the preset weight ratio of insertion force and extraction force, the overall objective function of the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force is constructed in the form of sub-objective multiplication and division.

[0052] As a preferred approach, a target weighting of 2:8 for insertion force and extraction force is set to optimize the overall performance of insertion and extraction forces. When constructing the overall objective function using this ratio, the relationship between the predicted insertion force and extraction force and the overall insertion and extraction force is as follows: .

[0053] Where 1.557e+05 and 3.722e+05 are expressed in scientific notation. The units of D1 / D2 are °, and the units of h1 and h2 are mm. f1 and f2 are the insertion and extraction force prediction formulas obtained from the insertion and extraction force prediction model, i.e., Y1 and Y2 in the above polynomial regression equation. Fmin represents the minimum insertion or extraction force among all orthogonal experimental results, Fmax represents the maximum insertion or extraction force among all orthogonal experimental results, and F is the comprehensive insertion and extraction force. In the above formulas, in the part (0.8*(f2-Fmin) / (Fmax-Fmin)), Fmax represents the maximum extraction force, and Fmin represents the minimum extraction force; in the part (0.2*(f1-Fmin) / (Fmax-Fmin)), Fmax represents the maximum insertion force, and Fmin represents the minimum insertion force.

[0054] Taking the data in Table 2 as an example, within the optimized parameter range, the insertion force Fmax and Fmin are 18.8N and 11.8N respectively; the extraction force Fmax and Fmin are 7.9N and 2.9N respectively. Substituting these values ​​into the above calculation formula, we can obtain the following results under the current circumstances: .

[0055] Once the comprehensive performance prediction model for insertion and extraction force is constructed, the optimal design of the spike structure parameters can be achieved by solving the multi-objective optimization of the model, thus obtaining the optimal combination of spike structure parameters that meets engineering requirements.

[0056] First, the number of variables and their numerical ranges for optimization are determined based on the insertion and extraction force requirements of the actual project. Then, a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to perform multi-objective optimization on the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force. Finally, the optimal spiking structure parameters that meet the insertion and extraction force requirements of the actual project are obtained.

[0057] The following example uses a specific requirement. First, we determine that there are 3 variables: the insertion end tilt angle D1, the extraction end tilt angle D2, and the large spur height h2. Then, we determine the range of each variable: D1 [12.5; 22.5], D2 [120; 136], h2 [0.145; 0.165].

[0058] Configure the population size, number of generations, mutation probability, and crossover probability for the multi-objective genetic algorithm. The population size is 1000, the number of iterations is 1000, the mutation probability is 0.1, and the crossover probability is 0.7.

[0059] The final optimized solution yielded the following optimal spur structure parameters: insertion end tilt angle D1 = 12.5°, withdrawal end tilt angle D2 = 120.8°, small spur height h1 = 0.135 mm, and large spur height h2 = 0.145 mm.

[0060] After obtaining the optimal clamping structure parameters, a terminal clamping model was established based on these parameters, and assembly simulation experiments were conducted. Simulation results show that the optimized terminal insertion and extraction forces highly match the predicted model, effectively improving the stability and assembly performance of the terminal connector. A comparison of insertion and extraction force data between the optimal parameter combination and the unoptimized parameter combination is provided below. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the insertion force under the optimal parameter combination is reduced from the initial 16N to about 11N, a reduction of 31.2%, while the extraction force remains almost unchanged.

[0061] In summary, the overall process of the floating board-to-board connector signal terminal clip structure design optimization method provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, firstly, a finite element simulation model of the terminal clip and the plastic hole in the base is automatically established using Python. Then, the model is simplified by adopting a symmetric modeling strategy, and different meshing strategies for the contact and non-contact areas are used to improve the overall simulation efficiency while ensuring the accuracy of the contact behavior calculation. Next, an orthogonal experimental table is designed for the four geometric parameters of the terminal clip and simulations are performed. By simulating the process of the terminal clip being inserted into the plastic hole at a speed of 1 m / s and completely pulled out of the hole at a speed of 50 mm / s, the full insertion force and the extraction force of the terminal clip are obtained. Then, factors that have a significant impact on the insertion and extraction forces are screened based on Pearson correlation, and multivariate nonlinear fitting is performed on the insertion and extraction forces respectively to output prediction models. After verifying the accuracy of the prediction models, the prediction models of the insertion and extraction forces are normalized, and a total objective function (comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction forces) is constructed by multiplying and dividing the sub-objectives according to a weight ratio of 2:8. Finally, within the range of parameter variables, the optimal combination of structural parameters is screened based on a genetic algorithm, and the optimal structural parameters of the terminal clip are output.

[0062] In summary, the floating board-to-board connector signal terminal spur structure design optimization method provided by this invention can meet the design requirements of various application scenarios and ensure excellent mechanical performance. Furthermore, this method simulates the process of the terminal being inserted into the plastic housing and adjusts the spur size in real time to achieve optimal structural parameter configuration, thereby reducing costs while improving design efficiency and performance.

[0063] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure in a floating board-to-board connector, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Generate a simulation model of the signal terminals in the floating board-to-board connector based on parametric modeling; Step S2: Based on the signal terminal's snagging structure in the generated simulation model, simulate the signal terminal insertion process under different snagging structure parameters, and extract the insertion and extraction force data; Step S3: Perform correlation analysis on the extracted insertion and extraction force data, and screen out the spur structure parameter factors that have a significant impact on insertion and extraction performance as optimization variables; Step S4: Based on the selected spur structure parameter factors and the insertion and extraction force data, a nonlinear polynomial regression fitting is performed to obtain the insertion and extraction force prediction model. After verification, a normalization process is used to construct a comprehensive performance prediction model for insertion and extraction force. Step S5: Based on the insertion and extraction force requirements of the actual project, perform multi-objective optimization to solve the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force, and obtain the optimal combination of spike structure parameters that meets the project requirements.

2. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when modeling the simulation model, a symmetrical modeling strategy is adopted to model and analyze the structure of the half terminal spur and the plastic shell. When modeling the simulation model, the structural area of ​​the terminal clip and the plastic shell is divided into contact area and non-contact area according to the contact situation between the terminal clip and the plastic shell. The contact area is divided into a high-precision hexahedral mesh, and the non-contact area is divided into an automatic mesh. The simulation model is performed using the transient dynamics finite element method, and the overall calculation is based on an explicit dynamics algorithm.

3. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the signal terminal latching structure is a double latching structure; The dual-spiking structure includes small spikes and large spikes sequentially arranged on the terminal body, and both the small spikes and the large spikes include two spikes symmetrically arranged on the terminal body. The vertical distance from the end of the small spike furthest from the terminal to the central axis of the terminal is the height h1 of the small spike, and the vertical distance from the end of the large spike furthest from the terminal to the central axis of the terminal is the height h2 of the large spike; wherein... The large spur is provided with a first inclined surface that is in the same direction as the terminal insertion and a second inclined surface that is in the same direction as the terminal extraction. The angle formed between the first inclined surface and the extension direction of the terminal body is the insertion end inclination angle; The angle formed between the second inclined surface and the extension direction of the terminal body is the pull-out end inclination angle.

4. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the method for simulating the signal terminal insertion process under different snag structure parameters and extracting insertion and extraction force data specifically includes: Four parameters of the terminal clip structure were selected as influencing factors, including the insertion end tilt angle D1, the extraction end tilt angle D2, the small clip height h1, and the large clip height h2, wherein the large clip height h2 differs from the small clip height h1 by 0.01 mm. Based on the aforementioned impact factors, an orthogonal experimental table was designed, with five factor levels set for each impact factor. Based on the orthogonal experimental table, the orthogonal experimental arrangement of different combinations of factor levels of influencing factors is determined. Different spiking structures are obtained based on the different combinations of factor levels of influencing factors for simulation, and the insertion and extraction force data are calculated to obtain the orthogonal experimental results.

5. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, when calculating the insertion and extraction force data, a cross section is predefined as the surface on which the displacement load is applied; The simulation demonstrates the process of inserting a terminal into a plastic housing at a speed of 1 m / s and completely withdrawing the terminal at a speed of 50 mm / s. Extract the reaction force data on the cross section to obtain the insertion force value and extraction force value from the insertion and extraction force data.

6. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the specific methods for performing correlation analysis include: Correlation analysis was performed on the parameters in the orthogonal experimental setup and results to obtain the Person correlation heatmap; Based on the results of correlation analysis, the jamming structure parameters that significantly affect insertion and extraction performance are screened. These jamming structure parameters include the height of the large jamming spike h2, the height of the small jamming spike h1, the tilt angle of the insertion end D1, and the tilt angle of the extraction end D2.

7. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 6, characterized in that... ； In step S4, the method for obtaining the insertion and extraction force prediction model by performing nonlinear polynomial regression fitting specifically includes: Based on the orthogonal experimental results, nonlinear polynomial regression fitting was performed on the insertion force and extraction force to fit the parameters of the puncture structure. The polynomial regression equations for the spiking structure parameters and the insertion force Y1 and extraction force Y2 are obtained respectively, as follows: The insertion and extraction force prediction model is obtained based on the polynomial regression equation; Methods for validating insertion and extraction force prediction models include: Select 3-5 cases outside the parameter range of the orthogonal experimental arrangement, compare the insertion and extraction force obtained by the prediction model with the actual simulation experiment, and judge the accuracy of the insertion and extraction force prediction model to pass the test if the error is within 5%.

8. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 7, characterized in that... ； In step S4, the method for constructing a comprehensive performance prediction model for insertion and extraction forces through normalization processing includes: The insertion and extraction force prediction model is normalized. Based on the preset weight ratio of insertion force and extraction force, the overall objective function of the comprehensive performance prediction model of insertion and extraction force is constructed in the manner of multiplication and division of sub-objectives.

9. The method for optimizing the design of the signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 8. Its characteristics are: The weighting ratio of the insertion force to the extraction force is 2:8; When constructing the overall objective function, the relationship between the predicted insertion and extraction forces and the combined insertion and extraction forces is as follows: Where f1 and f2 are the prediction formulas for insertion force and extraction force obtained by the insertion and extraction force prediction model, Fmin represents the minimum value of insertion force or extraction force in the experimental results of all orthogonal experiments, Fmax represents the maximum value of insertion force or extraction force in the experimental results of all orthogonal experiments, and F is the comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction force.

10. The method for optimizing the design of signal terminal pin structure of a floating board-to-board connector according to claim 9, characterized in that... ； In step S5, the method for multi-objective optimization of the insertion and extraction force comprehensive performance prediction model includes: The number of variables and their numerical ranges for optimization are determined based on the insertion and extraction force requirements of the actual project. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to perform multi-objective optimization on the prediction model of the comprehensive performance of insertion and extraction forces. The optimal stab structure parameters that meet the insertion and extraction force requirements of actual engineering are obtained.

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