Formula of botanical attractant for preventing and treating meadow moth

Abstract

The invention relates to a formula of a botanical attractant for preventing and treating meadow moth. The attractant is prepared from three active ingredients including 1-octylene-3-alcohol, trans-2-hexenal and linalool, wherein the mass ratio of the 1-octylene-3-alcohol to the trans-2-hexenal to the linalool is 10: 5: 1. Strict laboratory screening and field verification show that the formula shows a remarkable attraction effect on male and female adults of meadow moth, and the harm of the meadow moth can be effectively reduced. The invention provides an innovative solution for green prevention and control of meadow moth, has the advantages of environmental friendliness, strong targeting property, low cost and the like, and also provides theoretical reference for reducing the use of chemical pesticides, protecting the ecological environment and the production safety of agriculture and animal husbandry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology for agricultural pests, specifically relating to a plant-derived attractant formulation for controlling the grass moth. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, chemical pesticides remain the primary method for controlling the grassland moth. However, since their widespread adoption, problems such as environmental pollution and pest resistance have remained difficult to completely resolve. In the context of current environmental protection and sustainable agriculture, seeking greener, lower-risk control strategies is urgently needed.

[0003] Volatile compounds in plants influence the host plant selection of herbivorous insects. Humans have long utilized this chemical information for pest control, and have since developed a series of pest behavior regulation technologies, including attractants, repellents, and mating agents. Among these, plant-derived attractants are artificially synthesized and formulated biological traps that mimic the scents favored by pests from plant stems, leaves, and fruits. They typically attract both male and female pests. These attractants offer advantages such as high specificity, significant control efficacy, no negative environmental impact, and avoidance of the large-scale use of chemical pesticides.

[0004] With the development of chemical analysis techniques, our understanding of plant volatile substances has deepened. Artificially synthesized plant-derived attractants have played a significant role in the control of many major pests, becoming an important component of pest control measures. However, no patent reports have been found regarding plant-derived attractants for the meadow moth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plant-derived attractant formulation for controlling the grass moth.

[0006] Based on the above objectives, scientific experiments related to the meadow moth were conducted. Through GC-MS, electroanthal grazing (EAG) experiments, and behavioral experiments, three volatile compounds with attractive activity to adult meadow moths were identified and screened. Indoor behavioral tests determined compound formulations with strong attractant effects. Trapping experiments on different crop types verified the attractant effect of each formulation on the meadow moth. Therefore, a plant-derived attractant for the control of the meadow moth is proposed. The active components of this plant-derived attractant consist of 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, and linalool.

[0007] Furthermore, the active components of the plant-derived attractant are composed of 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, and linalool, in a mass ratio of 10:5:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the attractant is applied to the habitat of the meadow moth.

[0009] The plant-derived attractant for controlling the meadow moth provided by this invention has its active ingredients screened through GC-MS, EAG tests, and olfactory behavior tests. The optimal attractant ratio was determined through insect-attracting experiments with different formulations. This invention can effectively reduce meadow moth damage, decrease the use of chemical pesticides, and provide a theoretical reference for the green control of meadow moths and safe agricultural and livestock production.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the attractant of this invention is non-toxic and has no side effects on natural enemies, is environmentally friendly, leaves no residue, has low raw material costs, and has good trapping effect. It can be accurately applied to the mass trapping and killing of grassland moths and pest monitoring. It is of great significance for grassland moth infestation prediction, mass trapping and integrated management, and fills the research gap in the control of grassland moths using plant-derived attractants. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 Line graph showing the daily number of grass moths trapped by each bait formulation during the experiment.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the chemical structure of 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, and linalool. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0014] Example 1

[0015] Based on the characteristics of adult grass moths that feed on nectar and seek out specific host plants to lay eggs, the inventors conducted scientific experiments related to grass moths and selected volatile compounds from common host plants of adult grass moths as sources of active compounds. This invention prepares grass moth attractants by screening volatile components from plants such as lamb's quarters, foxtail grass, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, and potato.

[0016] The compound screening process is as follows:

[0017] Collection of plant volatiles: Volatile substances were collected from healthy plants including lamb's quarters, foxtail grass, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, and potato. Sampling was conducted daily between 08:00 and 16:00, with a sampler without the plant inside serving as a control. A self-made dynamic circulating adsorption device was used for dynamic headspace collection of plant volatiles. The adsorbent used was Porapak Q (80-100).

[0018] GC-MS Analysis: The volatile extracts of each plant were identified using a Shimadzu single quadrupole gas chromatograph (GCMS-QP2010SE) and column (HP-5MSUI). The initial temperature program was set to 10℃ / min, and was subsequently adjusted stepwise based on the GC-MS analysis results of different plants. The specific temperature programs for each plant are as follows:

[0019] Lamb's quarters: Set the initial temperature to 40℃ and hold for 3 minutes. Then increase the temperature to 160℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. After 5 minutes, increase the temperature to 230℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and hold for 5 minutes.

[0020] Foxtail grass: Set the initial temperature to 40℃ and hold for 1 minute, then increase it to 180℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and hold for 5 minutes;

[0021] Alfalfa: The initial temperature was set to 40℃ and held for 1 min. Then the temperature was increased to 130℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min. After 3 min, the temperature was increased to 250℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and held for 3 min.

[0022] Soybeans: The initial temperature is set to 40℃ and held for 2 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 170℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min. After 5 minutes, the temperature is increased to 220℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and held for 5 minutes.

[0023] Sunflower: The initial temperature is set to 40℃ and held for 2 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 160℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min. After 5 minutes, the temperature is increased to 250℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and held for 5 minutes.

[0024] Potatoes: The initial temperature is set to 40℃ and held for 2 minutes. Then, the temperature is increased to 180℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min. After 3 minutes, the temperature is increased to 270℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min and held for 5 minutes.

[0025] The injection method was splitless, with an injection volume of 1 μL and a flow rate of 1 mL / min. The injection port and detector temperatures were set to 250 °C, and high-purity nitrogen was used as the carrier gas. MS operating conditions were as follows: EI source as the ionization source, electron energy set to 70 eV. Acquisitions were performed every 0.35 s, with a scan mass range of 45-550 amu. The transfer line and ion source temperatures were both 280 °C, the quadrupole temperature was 150 °C, and the solvent monitoring delay was 3 min. Mass spectrometry parameters included an interface temperature of 250 °C, an ionization energy of 70 eV, and a scan rate of 5 scans / s. Detection was performed using FID, and the total ion chromatogram (TIC) was obtained by GC-MS analysis. Volatile organic compounds were identified by comparing the retention times of diagnostic ions (NIST 2014 library) and gas chromatographic retention times with those of genuine standards, and by referring to standard spectra for verification and supplementation. The relative content of each component was determined using peak area normalization.

[0026] EAG Antennae Potential Measurement: Based on preliminary EAG reaction results, compounds exhibiting EAG response signals to the antennae of the meadow moth were screened, and EAG reaction measurements were performed on compounds at different concentrations (0.001 μg / μL, 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, 1 μg / μL, 10 μg / μL, and 100 μg / μL). A 100 μg / μL stock solution of the test compound was prepared using liquid paraffin oil. Before each experiment, the compound was diluted to the appropriate concentration. 20 μL of the test compound was added to a filter paper strip (2.5 cm long and 0.5 cm wide) and placed in a Pasteur tube for later use. The meadow moth antennae were obtained from healthy female and male adults. The antennae were cut off with a scalpel blade and connected to a metal electrode with conductive adhesive. The antennal potentiometer was manufactured by Syntech, Netherlands. Activated carbon filtered and humidified air was then introduced through a tasting tube (17cm long × 12mm wide) to the antennae (flow rate 1L / min). Stimulation was recorded for 0.2 s, with an interval of at least 1 min between stimulations. Voltage changes in the antennal response were recorded by an IDAC signal acquisition controller using EAGPro software. Each sample was stimulated for 0.5 s with a 30 s interval. The test sample standard solution was used alternately with a hexane control to correct for the EAG response decreasing over time. The average response before and after the hexane control was calculated for each test sample standard solution.

[0027] Olfactory Behavior Measurement: Using paraffin oil as a solvent, standard compounds with selected EAG activity were prepared into stimuli at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 μg / μL. The attraction activity of each compound to the grass moth was measured using a small moth olfactory behavior detection device. A lure containing the compound was placed in the odorant chamber, with 50 μL of the compound added to each lure. Another chamber contained a control containing the same amount of paraffin oil. During the bioassay, the behavior detection device was covered with a light-blocking cloth, and the experiment was conducted in complete darkness. At the start of the experiment, the airflow rate of the atmospheric sampler was adjusted to 500 mL / min. The grass moth's behavioral choices were recorded over 30 minutes, and the results were recorded using an observation device. The number of grass moths that remained at either side of the baffle was used as the selection criterion. If an insect entered a baffle and remained there for more than 1 minute, it was considered a selection criterion. If an insect remained at the front of the insect activity box without making a selection, it was considered a no-response. For each volatile solution at each concentration, 30 adult insects were tested, and the test was repeated 3 times. The test for each compound was repeated three times at different time points, with 20 male and 20 female adult insects of the 30 grass moths tested each time.

[0028] Through the above experiments, three volatile compounds with attraction activity to adult grass moths were finally screened out: 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, and linalool.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Field experiments on attracting meadow moths with different ratios of attractant lures.

[0031] To further verify the ability of different attractant lures to attract grassland moths in the field, the selected attractant formulations were all those that had shown good results after being screened in indoor selection experiments.

[0032] To further illustrate the feasibility of this implementation, the experimental formulations were listed to determine the optimal field trapping effect. Field trapping experiments were conducted in a flat experimental field with an area greater than 20 mu (approximately 1.3 hectares). Inverted bell-shaped traps were used, with a height of approximately 1.2 m. Three replicates were set for each lure treatment, with an interval of approximately 20 m between traps. Specific formulations are shown in Table 1.

[0033] Table 1

[0034]

[0035] The number of grass moths in the traps was investigated daily and the traps were cleaned up promptly. The investigation was continued for 30 days.

[0036] Depend on Figure 1 It was found that all different bait formulations exhibited good trapping and monitoring sensitivity for grassland moths. Compared with the automatic insect monitoring lamp, bait formulation No. 2 showed the highest trapping and monitoring sensitivity. After examining the trapping data for 30 days, it was found that the grassland moth populations reached two peaks around August 8th and August 19th. All bait formulations and the automatic insect monitoring lamp accurately predicted and trapped a certain number of grassland moths. Among them, bait formulation No. 1 had the best trapping effect on August 8th, with a cumulative trapping of 13 moths; while baits No. 2 and No. 3 had the best trapping effect on August 10th, with a cumulative trapping of 15 moths. The specific survey results for each plot are shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 2

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Note: The data in the table represent the average number of traps captured by each trap over 30 days. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for multiple comparisons to analyze the trapping effects of different attractant formulations on the same crop type. As shown in Table 2, the plant-derived attractant of this invention has a significant trapping effect on the grass moth. Different ratios of 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, and linalool showed significant differences in the number of grass moths trapped. Specifically, the trapping effect was best when the ratio of the four was 10:5:1. The number of grass moths trapped also varied among different field types; the number of grass moths trapped in rapeseed and oat fields was generally higher than in other field types.

[0041] Therefore, when monitoring or trapping grass moths in the field, it is recommended to choose an attractant formula (1-octen-3-ol: trans-2-hexenal: linalool = 10:5:1) with a dosage of 1.5 mg.

[0042] The grass moth attractant provided by this invention can be used to trap and monitor adult grass moths. The raw materials required for this invention are simple and readily available, cost-effective, and suitable for widespread application. Furthermore, this technology is easy to operate, environmentally friendly, and can be accurately applied to the monitoring and trapping of grass moths, providing a reference for the green control of grass moths.

[0043] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-derived attractant formulation for controlling meadow moths, characterized in that... The active ingredients consist of 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, and linalool.

2. The attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The mass ratio of the three active ingredients is 10:5:

1.

3. The attractant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The dosage used is 1.5 mg / core.

4. The application of the attractant according to any one of claims 1-3 in the monitoring and control of grassland moths.

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