Calibration-free rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor

Abstract

The invention discloses a calibration-free rapid self-balancing centrifugal machine rotor, and particularly relates to the field of centrifugal machine rotors, the calibration-free rapid self-balancing centrifugal machine rotor comprises a centrifugal machine body, a rotor body is arranged in the centrifugal machine body, the rotor body comprises a cross frame, and a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the cross frame; the bottom of the cross is fixedly connected with a group of mounting blocks, and test tubes are arranged at the tops of the mounting blocks. The connecting seat slides downwards due to the weight of the test tube and the internal liquid to drive the connecting seat to move synchronously, so that the L-shaped block is driven to move downwards, and the balancing block is driven by the connecting rod I to slide towards the connecting shaft along the bidirectional guide rail; the moving distance of the balancing block is in direct proportion to the common weight of the test tube and the internal liquid, the heavier the test tube and the liquid is, the more the balancing block moves towards the connecting shaft, and the weight of the test tube is balanced by changing the distance between the balancing block and the connecting shaft. Therefore, the effect of automatic balancing according to the test tube and liquid weight is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centrifuge rotor technology, specifically to a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor. Background Technology

[0002] When a centrifuge is operating, the rotor speed typically reaches thousands to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute. Uneven mass distribution of the test tubes on the rotor can cause the center of gravity to deviate from the axis of rotation, creating an eccentric moment. During high-speed rotation, this eccentric moment generates periodic unbalanced forces, causing severe vibrations in the equipment. Prolonged vibration can wear down core components such as the motor, bearings, and shaft, shortening the equipment's lifespan and even leading to serious malfunctions such as rotor deformation and breakage, potentially resulting in equipment failure or safety accidents.

[0003] If the weight distribution of test tubes is uneven during centrifuge operation, an unbalanced centrifugal force will be generated. This unbalanced centrifugal force will cause the centrifuge to vibrate violently, which will not only affect the accuracy of separation and reduce the reliability of experimental data, but also cause serious damage to the mechanical structure of the centrifuge, shorten the service life of the equipment, and may even lead to safety accidents.

[0004] To address this issue, the traditional approach involves manual calibration of the test tubes by operators to achieve a balanced weight distribution within the centrifuge. However, this manual calibration method has several drawbacks. Firstly, it demands a high level of experience and skill from the operator, requiring extensive practical experience to accurately assess weight differences in the test tubes and make appropriate adjustments. Secondly, the manual balancing process is tedious and time-consuming, especially when processing large numbers of samples, significantly reducing experimental or testing efficiency. Furthermore, the accuracy of manual balancing is often difficult to guarantee, and some weight deviation may still exist, failing to completely eliminate the adverse effects of unbalanced centrifugal forces. Therefore, the inventors have provided a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor to solve the problems mentioned in the background section. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor that automatically balances the weight of test tubes on the rotor, eliminating the adverse effects caused by the imbalance of centrifugal forces on each side of the rotor.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor includes a centrifuge body, inside which is a rotor body. The rotor body includes a cross-shaped structure, with a connecting shaft fixedly connected to the bottom center of the cross-shaped structure. A set of mounting blocks is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross-shaped structure, and a test tube is mounted on the top of the mounting blocks. A weight balancing mechanism is installed inside the mounting blocks, including an L-shaped block. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped block. A set of bidirectional guide rails is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shaft, and a balancing block is slidably connected inside the bidirectional guide rails. The balancing block is rotatably connected to the inner end of the connecting rod.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the weight balancing mechanism further includes a cylindrical groove formed on the top of the mounting block, a weighing spring fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the cylindrical groove, a connecting seat fixedly connected to the top of the weighing spring and adapted to the shape of the bottom of the test tube, a sliding notch formed on the inner side of the mounting block, a positioning mechanism connected to the inner side of the connecting seat, the positioning mechanism including a connecting block connected to the connecting seat, and the inner side of the connecting block fixedly connected to an L-shaped block.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a top block is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block, an L-shaped groove is provided at the connection between the connecting block and the top block, a side box is fixedly connected to the front side of the top block, a slider that can move back and forth parallel is slidably connected inside the side box, a pair of vertically arranged inserts are fixedly connected to the front side of the slider; a positioning plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding notch, a set of evenly arranged teeth that are adapted to the inserts are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the positioning plate, a guide block is fixedly connected to the rear side of the sliding notch, and the guide block is slidably connected to the connecting block.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the L-shaped groove is composed of a vertically connected horizontal groove and a vertical groove. A roller is provided at the opening of the horizontal groove. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the right side of the roller, penetrating the surface of the roller. The left and right sides of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block, and the right side of the rotating rod penetrates the right side surface of the connecting block. A rotating wheel is provided at the rear of the roller. A driven rod is fixedly connected to the right side of the rotating wheel, penetrating the surface of the rotating wheel. The left and right sides of the driven rod are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block, and the driven rod penetrates the right side surface of the connecting block. Synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to the outer right ends of the rotating rod and the driven rod, and a transmission belt meshes with the outer sides of the two synchronous pulleys. An eccentric connecting rod is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the rotating wheel. The other end is hinged to a crossbar, and the rear end of the crossbar is fixedly connected to a piston one that is slidably connected to the horizontal groove in the L-shaped groove. The interior of the vertical groove in the L-shaped groove is slidably connected to a piston two. An air intake one-way valve is provided on the outside of the vertical groove. A pair of side holes arranged vertically are opened on the rear side of the vertical groove. A top hole is opened on the top of the vertical groove. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the rear side of the slider. The rear side of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side box. A connecting rope is fixedly connected to the rear side of the slider. The connecting rope passes through the side box and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston two. An air intake pipe that passes through the bottom of the vertical groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting block. An air intake one-way valve is installed on the air intake pipe. A top rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston two. The bottom of the top rod passes through the bottom surface of the connecting block.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a movable groove is provided on the right side of the connecting seat, a positioning spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable groove, and a bullet head that is slidably connected to the movable groove is fixedly connected to the other side of the positioning spring, and the bullet head is inserted into the groove on the left side of the connecting block.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a fixing mechanism is provided on the outer side of the mounting block, the fixing mechanism including fixing boxes fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the mounting block respectively, a circular groove communicating with the fixing boxes on both sides is opened at the top of the cylindrical groove, guide rods are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the interior of the fixing boxes, a Z-shaped rod is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rod, a return spring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the Z-shaped rod, the outer side of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing box, and an arc-shaped block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the Z-shaped rod; a sealing plug is provided at the top of the test tube, and an annular groove adapted to the shape of the arc-shaped block is opened on the outer side of the sealing plug.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the inner side of the fixing box has a movable groove penetrating the surface of the mounting block, a partition plate is fixedly connected inside the movable groove, a support spring is fixedly connected inside the partition plate, a trigger block is fixedly connected inside the support spring and slidably connected to the movable groove, flat rods are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two trigger blocks respectively, a docking frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the flat rods, and inclined grooves are opened on the front and rear sides of the docking frame respectively; partition blocks are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the interior of the fixing box, a vertical block penetrating the surface of the partition block is slidably connected to the top of the partition block, a rolling rod is rotatably connected to the front of the vertical block, and the rolling rod is slidably connected to the two inclined grooves; a pair of slots arranged left and right are opened at the bottom of the Z-shaped rod, and the vertical block is inserted into the right slot; side grooves are opened on the left and right sides of the connecting seat respectively.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the inner surface of the trigger block is semi-circular, and the inclined groove is designed to gradually slope downward from the outside to the inside.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a trigger rope is fixedly connected to the outer side of the docking frame.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: a fine balancing mechanism is provided on the outer side of the connecting shaft. The fine balancing mechanism includes an annular shell fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. A set of partition plates is fixedly connected inside the annular shell. The set of partition plates divides the annular shell into four independent chambers, and each chamber corresponds one-to-one with a mounting block. A U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the surface of the partition plate. The two ends of the U-shaped tube are respectively located in two adjacent areas separated by the partition plate. A pair of vent holes are opened on the surface of the partition plate. A waterproof and breathable membrane is provided inside the vent holes.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor operates by sliding the connecting seat down due to the weight of the test tube and its internal liquid. This movement causes the connecting seat to move synchronously, which in turn moves the L-shaped block downwards. This, in turn, via a connecting rod, causes the balancing block to slide along a bidirectional guide rail towards the connecting shaft. The distance the balancing block moves is directly proportional to the combined weight of the test tube and its internal liquid; the heavier the test tube and liquid, the more the balancing block moves towards the connecting shaft. By adjusting the distance between the balancing block and the connecting shaft, the weight of the test tube is balanced. This achieves automatic balancing based on the weight of the test tube and its liquid.

[0017] Furthermore, when the rotor of this calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotates, if the test tube on one side is heavier, the connecting shaft will shift towards chamber A. This results in: an increased radius of rotation in chamber A → stronger centrifugal force on the liquid, causing more liquid to adhere to the outer side → a lower liquid level inside the chamber; while a decreased radius of rotation in chamber C → weaker centrifugal force on the liquid, resulting in a relatively higher liquid level inside. Due to the siphon effect and the U-shaped tube, the balancing agent accumulates in the heavier chamber A with a larger radius of rotation. The accumulated balancing agent generates a greater centrifugal force at the larger radius, forming a counter-torque that counteracts the imbalance caused by the heavier test tube, until the liquid level difference between the chambers disappears and the U-shaped tube stops flowing liquid. By utilizing the positional difference of the liquid in the centrifugal force field, the effect of dynamically balancing the weight difference of the test tube and the liquid is achieved. When used together with the weight balancing mechanism, it achieves the effect of precise weight balancing when the rotor is in use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rotor body structure in a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the weight balancing mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge; Figure 4 Another structural diagram of the weight balancing mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge; Figure 6 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the positioning mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge; Figure 7 Another structural schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting seat and the connecting block in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge; Figure 10 For calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotors Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the fine balancing mechanism in the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge.

[0019] In the diagram: 10. Centrifuge body; 11. Rotor body; 110. Cross-shaped component; 111. Mounting block; 112. Connecting shaft; 12. Test tube; 20. Weight balancing mechanism; 201. Cylindrical groove; 202. Weighing spring; 203. Connecting seat; 2031. Moving groove; 2032. Positioning spring; 2033. Bullet head; 2034. Side groove; 204. Sliding notch; 205. L-shaped block; 206. Connecting rod one; 207. Bidirectional guide rail; 208. Balancing block; 30. Positioning mechanism; 301. Connecting block; 302. Top block; 303. Side box; 304. Slider; 305. Insertion block; 306. Rotating rod; 307. Roller; 308. Driven rod; 309. Rotary wheel; 310. Synchronous pulley; 311. Transmission belt; 312. Piston one; 313. Piston two; 3 14. Top hole; 315. Side hole; 316. Intake check valve; 317. Top rod; 318. Connecting rod two; 319. Crossbar; 320. Connecting spring; 321. Connecting rope; 322. Positioning plate; 323. Guide block; 324. Intake pipe; 325. Intake check valve; 40. Fixing mechanism; 401. Fixing box; 402. Movable groove; 403. Divider plate; 404. Support spring ; 405, Trigger block; 406, Docking frame; 407, Inclined groove; 408, Separator block; 409, Vertical block; 410, Z-shaped rod; 411, Slot; 412, Arc-shaped block; 413, Circular groove; 414, Guide rod; 415, Return spring; 416, Trigger rope; 50, Fine balancing mechanism; 501, Circular shell; 502, Separator plate; 503, U-shaped tube; 504, Vent hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the rotor of a calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge includes a centrifuge body 10, inside which a rotor body 11 is disposed. The rotor body 11 includes a cross 110, and a connecting shaft 112, which is connected to the output shaft of the centrifuge body 10, is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the cross 110. A set of mounting blocks 111 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross 110, and a test tube 12 is disposed on the top of the mounting blocks 111. A weight balancing mechanism 20 is disposed inside the mounting blocks 111, and the weight balancing mechanism 20 includes an L-shaped block 205. A connecting rod 206 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped block 205. A set of bidirectional guide rails 207 are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shaft 112, and a balancing block 208 is slidably connected inside the bidirectional guide rails 207. The balancing block 208 is rotatably connected to the inner end of the connecting rod 206.

[0021] refer to Figure 3-4The weight balancing mechanism 20 further includes a cylindrical groove 201 formed on the top of the mounting block 111. A weighing spring 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of the cylindrical groove 201. A connecting seat 203 that is slidably connected to the cylindrical groove 201 and adapted to the shape of the bottom of the test tube 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the weighing spring 202. A sliding notch 204 is formed on the inner side of the mounting block 111. A positioning mechanism 30 is connected to the inner side of the connecting seat 203. The positioning mechanism 30 includes a connecting block 301 connected to the connecting seat 203. The inner side of the connecting block 301 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped block 205.

[0022] Initially, the four balancing blocks 208 are located at the outermost end of the bidirectional guide rail 207. During use, the rotor body 11 is first installed inside the centrifuge body 10 by fixing the connecting shaft 112 to the output shaft of the centrifuge body 10 with bolts. Then, the test tube 12 storing the liquid is placed inside the corresponding cylindrical groove 201 and contacts the top surface of the connecting seat 203. Under the weight of the test tube 12, the connecting seat 203 moves downward, simultaneously compressing the weighing spring 202. The downward movement of the connecting seat 203, via the positioning mechanism 30, causes the L-shaped block 205 to move downward, thereby causing the balancing blocks 208 to slide along the bidirectional guide rail 207 towards the connecting shaft 112 via the connecting rod 206. The distance the balancing block 208 moves is directly proportional to the combined weight of the test tube 12 and the liquid inside. The heavier the test tube 12 and the liquid, the more the balancing block 208 moves towards the connecting shaft 112. The closer the balancing block 208 is to the connecting shaft 112, the shorter its radius of rotation when rotating with the connecting shaft 112. The magnitude of the centrifugal force can be known from the formula F=mr (where: F: centrifugal force; m: mass of the balancing block 208; ω: angular velocity of rotation; r: distance from the balancing block 208 to the shaft). When the angular velocity of rotation and the mass of the balancing block 208 remain constant, the shorter the radius of rotation of the balancing block 208, the smaller the centrifugal force. This method balances the centrifugal forces of the two test tubes 12, thus achieving the effect of automatic balancing based on the weight of the test tubes 12 and the liquid.

[0023] refer to Figure 3-8 A top block 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block 301. An L-shaped groove is provided at the connection between the connecting block 301 and the top block 302. A side box 303 is fixedly connected to the front side of the top block 302. A slider 304 that can move back and forth parallel is slidably connected inside the side box 303. A pair of vertically arranged inserts 305 are fixedly connected to the front side of the slider 304. A positioning plate 322 is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding notch 204. A set of evenly arranged teeth that are adapted to the inserts 305 are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the positioning plate 322. A guide block 323 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the sliding notch 204. The guide block 323 is slidably connected to the connecting block 301.

[0024] Specifically, the L-shaped groove is composed of a horizontal groove and a vertical groove that are vertically connected. A roller 307 is provided at the opening of the horizontal groove. A rotating rod 306 is fixedly connected to the right side of the roller 307, penetrating the surface of the roller 307. The left and right sides of the rotating rod 306 are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block 301, and the right side of the rotating rod 306 penetrates the right side surface of the connecting block 301. A rotating wheel 309 is provided at the rear of the roller 307. A through-rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the right side of the rotating wheel 309. A driven rod 308 is attached to the surface of wheel 309. The left and right sides of the driven rod 308 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block 301, and the driven rod 308 penetrates the right side surface of the connecting block 301. Synchronous pulleys 310 are fixedly connected to the outer right sides of the rotating rod 306 and the driven rod 308, respectively. A transmission belt 311 meshes with the outer sides of the two synchronous pulleys 310. An eccentric connecting rod 318 is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the rotating wheel 309. The other end of the connecting rod 318... A horizontal bar 319 is hinged to the rear end of the horizontal bar 319, and a piston 312 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the horizontal bar 319 and slidably connected to the horizontal groove in the L-shaped groove. A piston 313 is slidably connected inside the vertical groove in the L-shaped groove. An air intake one-way valve 316 is provided on the outer side of the vertical groove. A pair of vertically arranged side holes 315 are opened on the rear side of the vertical groove, and a top hole 314 is opened on the top of the vertical groove. A connecting spring 320 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the slider 304, and the rear side of the connecting spring 320 is connected to the horizontal groove. The inner wall of the side box 303 is fixedly connected, and the rear side of the slider 304 is fixedly connected to the connecting rope 321. The connecting rope 321 passes through the side box 303 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston 313. The bottom of the connecting block 301 is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 324 that passes through the bottom of the vertical groove. The air inlet pipe 324 is equipped with a suction one-way valve 325. The bottom of the piston 313 is fixedly connected to the push rod 317, and the bottom of the push rod 317 passes through the bottom surface of the connecting block 301.

[0025] Furthermore, a movable groove 2031 is provided on the right side of the connecting seat 203. A positioning spring 2032 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable groove 2031. A bullet head 2033 that is slidably connected to the movable groove 2031 is fixedly connected to the other side of the positioning spring 2032. The bullet head 2033 is inserted into the left groove of the connecting block 301.

[0026] Initially, the connecting block 301 is located at the top of the sliding notch 204, and the insert block 305 is not in contact with the teeth on the positioning plate 322. The piston 2 313 is located at the lower side hole 315. When the connecting seat 203 moves down, the connecting block 301 slides down along the guide block 323 through the connection of the bullet head 2033. During the descent, the roller 307 rolls along the side wall of the sliding notch 204, thereby driving the rotating rod 306 to rotate. Then, through the transmission of the synchronous pulley 310 and the transmission belt 311, the driven rod 308 and the rotating wheel 309 rotate. And through the linkage of the connecting rod 2 318 and the cross rod 319, the piston 1 312 moves back and forth. When the piston 1 312 moves backward, the gas drives the piston 1 312 upward, and part of the gas is discharged through the side hole 315. The piston 2 313 moves upward, and the gas above it is discharged through the top hole 314. Then, through the connecting rope 321, the slider 304 and the insert block 305 move backward. The piston moves forward, compressing the connecting spring 320. When piston 1 312 moves forward, it draws in outside air through the intake pipe 324. At the same time, the connecting spring 320 rebounds, causing the insert block 305 to move forward. Simultaneously, the connecting rope 321 causes piston 2 313 to slowly slide down, and the air below is discharged through the lower side hole 315. When piston 2 313 is in the middle of the two side holes 315, piston 1 312 moves backward again, lifting piston 2 313. The rotation of roller 307 keeps slider 304 and insert block 305 at a certain distance from positioning plate 322 until connecting seat 203 falls to a suitable position due to the gravity of test tube 12. Roller 307 stops, and piston 1 312 stops pushing. Then, the connecting spring 320 rebounds, causing slider 304 to move forward and piston 2 313 to move down until one of the insert blocks 305 engages with the teeth of positioning plate 322 to position connecting block 301. This achieves the positioning of the balancing block 208 on the bidirectional guide rail 207. The aforementioned positioning mechanism 30 adopts a purely mechanical positioning method and can lock at different positions according to the different weights of the test tubes 12 and liquids; it is more convenient to maintain than an electrically controlled locking device.

[0027] refer to Figure 9 , 10A fixing mechanism 40 is provided on the outer side of the mounting block 111. The fixing mechanism 40 includes a fixing box 401 fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the mounting block 111 respectively. The top of the cylindrical groove 201 is provided with a circular groove 413 communicating with the fixing boxes 401 on both sides. The left and right sides of the interior of the fixing box 401 are fixedly connected to a guide rod 414. A Z-shaped rod 410 is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rod 414. A return spring 415 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the Z-shaped rod 410. The outer side of the return spring 415 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing box 401. An arc-shaped block 412 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the Z-shaped rod 410. A sealing plug is provided on the top of the test tube 12. An annular groove adapted to the shape of the arc-shaped block 412 is provided on the outer side of the sealing plug.

[0028] Specifically, the inner side of the fixing box 401 is provided with a movable groove 402 that penetrates the surface of the mounting block 111. A partition plate 403 is fixedly connected inside the movable groove 402. A support spring 404 is fixedly connected inside the partition plate 403. A trigger block 405 that is slidably connected to the movable groove 402 is fixedly connected inside the support spring 404. Flat rods are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two trigger blocks 405 respectively. A docking frame 406 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the flat rods. The front and rear sides of the docking frame 406 are respectively opened The device is provided with inclined grooves 407. Inside the fixed box 401, the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the partition blocks 408. The top of the partition blocks 408 is slidably connected to a vertical block 409 that penetrates the surface of the partition blocks 408. The front of the vertical block 409 is rotatably connected to a rolling rod, which is slidably connected to the two inclined grooves 407. The bottom of the Z-shaped rod 410 is provided with a pair of slots 411 arranged on the left and right sides. The vertical block 409 is inserted into the right slot 411. The left and right sides of the connecting seat 203 are respectively provided with side grooves 2034.

[0029] Preferably, the inner surface of the trigger block 405 is semi-circular, and the inclined groove 407 is designed to gradually slope downward from the outside to the inside.

[0030] After the initial weight of the test tube 12 is balanced and the positioning mechanism 30 is positioned, since each test tube 12 enters the cylindrical groove 201 to a different depth, it is necessary to fully insert the test tube 12 into the mounting block 111 and position it. During use, pressing down on the test tube 12 causes the connecting seat 203 to move downwards. Because the connecting block 301 is fixed, the bullet head 2033 is forced to contact the groove boundary of the connecting block 301, and the contact force causes the bullet head 2033 to move inwards, compressing the positioning spring 2032 and separating the connecting block 301 from the connecting seat 203. Continuing to press down on the test tube 12 will further compress the weighing spring 202 until the connecting seat 203 contacts the two trigger blocks 405. The contact force causes the two trigger blocks 405 to slide outwards, compressing the support spring 404 and causing the docking frame 406 to move outwards via the flat rod. This causes the rolling rod to roll along the inclined groove 407, driving the vertical block 409 down into the right slot 4. 11. Separation occurs, causing the return spring 415 to rebound and slide the Z-shaped rod 410 inward, making the two arc-shaped blocks 412 move inward and abut against the surface of the test tube 12. Then, the test tube 12 continues to slide downward until the annular groove on the sealing plug is aligned with the arc-shaped block 412. The return spring 415 continues to rebound and drives the arc-shaped block 412 to insert into the annular groove. At the same time, the side groove 2034 of the connecting seat 203 is aligned with the trigger block 405. The support spring 404 rebounds and drives the trigger block 405 to move inward. The horizontal rod drives the docking frame 406 to slide inward. The inclined groove 407 drives the vertical block 409 to be inserted into the left slot 411, completing the positioning of the Z-shaped rod 410 and the arc-shaped block 412, thereby achieving the positioning of the test tube 12.

[0031] Furthermore, a trigger rope 416 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the docking frame 406.

[0032] When test tube 12 needs to be removed, pull the trigger ropes 416 on both sides outward. The trigger ropes 416 drive the docking frame 406 and trigger block 405 to slide outward. At the same time, the support spring 404 causes the vertical block 409 to disengage from the left slot 411. Then, the arc blocks 412 on both sides are opened to separate them from the annular groove. Then, release the trigger ropes 416. The support spring 404 rebounds and drives the docking frame 406 to slide inward. Through the inclined groove 407, it drives the vertical block 409 to slide upward and insert into the inside of the right slot 411. At the same time, when test tube 12 is no longer restricted, the weighing spring 202 rebounds and drives the connecting seat 203 and test tube 12 to slide upward. During this process, test tube 12 is removed, so the weighing spring 202 will fully rebound. When the connecting seat 203 slides upward, the fully ejected bullet head 2033 will first contact the push rod 317. The upward-moving bullet head 2033 drives the push rod 317 to slide upward and drive the piston. The upward movement of block 313, via connecting rope 321, causes slider 304 to move inward, disengaging insert block 305 from the locking teeth of positioning plate 322. This causes connecting block 301 to lose its limiting position and move upward under the support of bullet head 2033. Simultaneously, L-shaped block 205 and connecting rod 206 cause balancing block 208 to slide outward until connecting block 301, supported by bullet head 2033, slides to the top of sliding notch 204. However, the rebound of weighing spring 202 has not yet ended, and connecting block 301 cannot continue to move upward. Therefore, bullet head 2033 moves inward under force, compressing positioning spring 2032 until connecting seat 203 slides to its initial position. This aligns bullet head 2033 with the left groove of connecting seat 203, causing positioning spring 2032 to rebound and insert bullet head 2033 into the groove, completing the docking of connecting seat 203 and connecting block 301. This achieves the effect of automatic repositioning and docking of connecting seat 203 and connecting block 301. , refer to Figure 11 A fine balancing mechanism 50 is provided on the outer side of the connecting shaft 112. The fine balancing mechanism 50 includes an annular shell 501 fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 112. A set of partition plates 502 are fixedly connected inside the annular shell 501. The partition plates 502 divide the annular shell 501 into four independent chambers, and each chamber corresponds one-to-one with the mounting block 111. A U-shaped tube 503 is fixedly connected to the surface of the partition plate 502. The two ends of the U-shaped tube 503 are located in two adjacent areas separated by the partition plate 502. A pair of vent holes 504 are opened on the surface of the partition plate 502. A waterproof and breathable membrane is provided inside the vent holes 504.

[0033] Initially, the annular shell 501 contains a suitable amount of balancing agent liquid, and the U-shaped tube 503 is filled with liquid. When the connecting shaft 112 is not loaded with test tube 12 or the weight of test tube 12 is completely symmetrical, the balancing agent liquid level in the four chambers is consistent, the pressure at both ends of the U-shaped tube 503 is balanced, and there is no liquid flow. When the connecting shaft 112 rotates, driving the rotor body 11 to rotate, if one side of test tube 12 is heavier (e.g., the weight of test tube 12 in chamber A is greater than that in the symmetrical chamber C), the connecting shaft 112 will shift towards chamber A when rotating, resulting in: an increase in the radius of rotation of chamber A → stronger centrifugal force on the liquid, more liquid adhering to the outside → a decrease in the liquid level inside the chamber; while the radius of rotation of chamber C decreases → weaker centrifugal force on the liquid, and a relatively higher liquid level inside. Due to the siphon effect, chamber C is connected to adjacent chambers D and B through the U-shaped tube 503. Because the liquid level in chamber C is higher than that in adjacent chambers B, In chamber D, a height difference is formed between the two ends of the U-shaped tube 503, triggering a siphon. The balancing agent in chamber C then flows through the U-shaped tube 503 to chambers D and B with lower liquid levels. After the liquid levels in chambers D and B rise, the balancing agent further accumulates in chamber A, which has a larger radius of rotation, through the U-shaped tube 503. The accumulated balancing agent generates a larger centrifugal force at the larger radius, forming a reverse torque to counteract the imbalance caused by the uneven weight of test tube 12 until the liquid level difference between the chambers disappears. The U-shaped tube 503 then stops the liquid flow. By utilizing the positional difference (radius of rotation) of the liquid in the centrifugal force field, the equivalent weight is used to accurately compensate for the imbalance deviation of test tube 12, ultimately achieving dynamic balance of the rotor. This achieves the effect of dynamically balancing the weight difference of test tube 12 and the liquid. When used together with the weight balancing mechanism 20, it achieves the effect of fine weight balancing when the rotor body 11 is in use.

[0034] The working principle of the invention is as follows: First, the rotor body 11 is installed inside the centrifuge body 10. The installation is completed by fixing the connecting shaft 112 to the output shaft of the centrifuge body 10 with bolts. Then, the test tube 12 storing the liquid is placed inside the corresponding cylindrical groove 201 and contacts the top surface of the connecting seat 203. Under the weight of the test tube 12, the connecting seat 203 moves downward, and at the same time, the weighing spring 202 is compressed. The downward movement of the connecting seat 203 drives the L-shaped block 205 to move downward through the positioning mechanism 30, thereby driving the balancing block 208 to slide along the bidirectional guide rail 207 towards the connecting shaft 112 through the connecting rod 206. The distance the balancing block 208 moves is... The centrifugal force is directly proportional to the combined weight of test tube 12 and the liquid inside. The heavier test tube 12 and the liquid, the more the balancing block 208 moves towards the connecting shaft 112. The closer the balancing block 208 is to the connecting shaft 112, the shorter its radius of rotation when rotating with the connecting shaft 112. The magnitude of the centrifugal force can be known from the formula F=mr (where: F: centrifugal force; m: mass of balancing block 208; ω: angular velocity of rotation; r: distance from balancing block 208 to the shaft). When the angular velocity of rotation and the mass of balancing block 208 remain constant, the shorter the radius of rotation of balancing block 208, the smaller the centrifugal force. This method balances the centrifugal forces of the two test tubes 12, thus achieving the effect of automatic balancing based on the weight of test tube 12 and the liquid.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor, comprising a centrifuge body (10), wherein a rotor body (11) is disposed inside the centrifuge body (10), the rotor body (11) comprising a cross (110), a connecting shaft (112) fixedly connected to the bottom center of the cross (110), a set of mounting blocks (111) fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross (110), and a test tube (12) disposed on the top of the mounting blocks (111); characterized in that, The mounting block (111) is provided with a weight balancing mechanism (20), which includes an L-shaped block (205). The bottom of the L-shaped block (205) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (206). A set of bidirectional guide rails (207) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shaft (112). A balancing block (208) is slidably connected inside the bidirectional guide rails (207). The balancing block (208) is rotatably connected to the inner end of the connecting rod (206).

2. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight balancing mechanism (20) also includes a cylindrical groove (201) opened on the top of the mounting block (111). A weighing spring (202) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the cylindrical groove (201). A connecting seat (203) that is slidably connected to the cylindrical groove (201) and adapted to the bottom shape of the test tube (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the weighing spring (202). A sliding notch (204) is opened on the inner side of the mounting block (111). A positioning mechanism (30) is connected to the inner side of the connecting seat (203). The positioning mechanism (30) includes a connecting block (301) connected to the connecting seat (203). The inner side of the connecting block (301) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped block (205).

3. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A top block (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block (301). An L-shaped groove is provided at the connection between the connecting block (301) and the top block (302). A side box (303) is fixedly connected to the front side of the top block (302). A slider (304) that can move back and forth is slidably connected inside the side box (303). A pair of vertically arranged inserts (305) are fixedly connected to the front side of the slider (304). A positioning plate (322) is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding notch (204). A set of evenly arranged teeth that are adapted to the inserts (305) are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the positioning plate (322). A guide block (323) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the sliding notch (204). The guide block (323) is slidably connected to the connecting block (301).

4. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The L-shaped groove is composed of a horizontal groove and a vertical groove that are vertically connected. A roller (307) is provided at the opening of the horizontal groove. A rotating rod (306) is fixedly connected to the right side of the roller (307) and passes through the surface of the roller (307). The left and right sides of the rotating rod (306) are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block (301), and the right side of the rotating rod (306) passes through the right side surface of the connecting block (301). A rotating wheel (309) is provided at the rear side of the roller (307). A rotating wheel (309) is fixedly connected to the right side of the rotating wheel (309). A driven rod (308) is attached to the surface of the connecting block (301). The left and right sides of the driven rod (308) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block (301), and the driven rod (308) passes through the right side surface of the connecting block (301). The outer right sides of the rotating rod (306) and the driven rod (308) are respectively fixedly connected to synchronous pulleys (310). The outer sides of the two synchronous pulleys (310) are meshed with a transmission belt (311). An eccentric connecting rod (318) is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the rotating wheel (309). The other end of the connecting rod (318) is hinged. A crossbar (319) is connected to the rear end of the crossbar (319), and a piston (312) is fixedly connected to the horizontal groove in the L-shaped groove. A piston (313) is slidably connected inside the vertical groove in the L-shaped groove. An air intake one-way valve (316) is provided on the outside of the vertical groove. A pair of side holes (315) arranged vertically are opened on the rear side of the vertical groove. A top hole (314) is opened on the top of the vertical groove. A connecting spring (320) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the slider (304). The rear side of the connecting spring (320) is connected to the side box (…). 303) The inner wall is fixedly connected, and the rear side of the slider (304) is fixedly connected to the connecting rope (321). The connecting rope (321) passes through the side box (303) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston two (313). The bottom of the connecting block (301) is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe (324) that passes through the bottom of the vertical groove. The air inlet pipe (324) is equipped with a suction one-way valve (325). The bottom of the piston two (313) is fixedly connected to the push rod (317). The bottom of the push rod (317) passes through the bottom surface of the connecting block (301).

5. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The right side of the connecting seat (203) is provided with a moving groove (2031), and a positioning spring (2032) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the moving groove (2031). The other side of the positioning spring (2032) is fixedly connected with a bullet head (2033) that is slidably connected to the moving groove (2031). The bullet head (2033) is inserted into the left groove of the connecting block (301).

6. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fixing mechanism (40) is provided on the outside of the mounting block (111). The fixing mechanism (40) includes a fixing box (401) that is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the mounting block (111). A circular groove (413) communicating with the two fixing boxes (401) is opened on the top of the cylindrical groove (201). A guide rod (414) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides inside the fixing box (401). A Z-shaped rod (410) is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rod (414). A return spring (415) is fixedly connected to the outside of the Z-shaped rod (410). The outside of the return spring (415) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing box (401). An arc-shaped block (412) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top of the Z-shaped rod (410). A sealing plug is provided on the top of the test tube (12). An annular groove that matches the shape of the arc-shaped block (412) is opened on the outside of the sealing plug.

7. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner side of the fixed box (401) is provided with a movable groove (402) that penetrates the surface of the mounting block (111). A partition plate (403) is fixedly connected inside the movable groove (402). A support spring (404) is fixedly connected inside the partition plate (403). A trigger block (405) that is slidably connected to the movable groove (402) is fixedly connected inside the support spring (404). Flat rods are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two trigger blocks (405). A docking frame (406) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the flat rods. An oblique angle is provided on the front and rear sides of the docking frame (406). The groove (407) and the fixed box (401) are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the interior with a partition block (408). The top of the partition block (408) is slidably connected to a vertical block (409) that penetrates the surface of the partition block (408). The front of the vertical block (409) is rotatably connected to a rolling rod. The rolling rod is slidably connected to the two inclined grooves (407). The bottom of the Z-shaped rod (410) is provided with a pair of slots (411) arranged on the left and right. The vertical block (409) is inserted into the right slot (411). The left and right sides of the connecting seat (203) are respectively provided with side grooves (2034).

8. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner surface of the trigger block (405) is semi-circular, and the inclined groove (407) is designed to gradually slope downward from the outside to the inside.

9. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, A trigger rope (416) is fixedly connected to the outside of the docking frame (406).

10. The calibration-free, rapid self-balancing centrifuge rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fine balancing mechanism (50) is provided on the outside of the connecting shaft (112). The fine balancing mechanism (50) includes a circular shell (501) fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (112). A set of partition plates (502) is fixedly connected inside the circular shell (501). The set of partition plates (502) divides the circular shell (501) into four independent chambers, and each chamber corresponds to the mounting block (111). A U-shaped tube (503) is fixedly connected to the surface of the partition plate (502). The two ends of the U-shaped tube (503) are located in two adjacent areas separated by the partition plate (502). A pair of vent holes (504) are opened on the surface of the partition plate (502). A waterproof and breathable membrane is provided inside the vent holes (504).

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