Ash discharging device of biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace ash discharge device, which belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification, and comprises a gasification furnace lifting pipe, a slag cooler and a dust removal device, the slag cooler is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace lifting pipe, and a slag discharging pipe used for being communicated with the gasification furnace lifting pipe is arranged on the slag cooler; the dust removal device is arranged on the gasification furnace lifting pipe and used for separating fly ash, a fly ash pipeline is arranged on the dust removal device, and the fly ash pipeline is communicated with the slag discharging pipe. Ash slag in a lifting pipe of the gasification furnace is conveyed into the slag cooler through the slag discharging pipe, fly ash separated by the dust removal device is conveyed into the slag discharging pipe through the fly ash pipeline, the fly ash and the ash slag of the gasification furnace are combined and are cooled and discharged through the slag cooler, so that an ash slag discharging system of the gasification furnace is simplified, the operation is safe, and the equipment cost is reduced. The ash discharging device of the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace solves the problems that in the prior art, an ash discharging device of a gasification furnace is complex in structure and high in failure rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass gasification, in particular to a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash discharging device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier is a kind of biomass gasification equipment suitable for uniform particles and small particle size. Biomass enters the gasifier by the feeder, air enters the gasifier from the bottom of the gasifier through the air distribution plate, so that the biomass fuel is in a fluidized state. In a high-temperature environment, the biomass starts to heat up and sequentially completes drying, dry distillation, oxidation, reduction and other reactions to generate combustible gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a small amount of methane, which is discharged from the top of the furnace. At the same time, part of the completely burned biomass charcoal ash is also discharged from the top of the furnace.

[0003] At present, in the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification system, the raw material is biomass. In theory, after biomass gasification pyrolysis, the ash discharged from the bottom of the gasifier is almost zero and can be ignored. However, in the actual collection process of biomass raw materials, a certain amount of sand is often mixed in. These sand turns into ash during the gasification process and is discharged from the bottom of the gasifier. Since the ash is high in temperature during the discharge process, it may also contain a small amount of combustible gas, which poses a threat to the life safety of the operators. Therefore, in recent years, some gasifiers that have been put into operation have been equipped with a slag cooler arranged at the bottom of the gasifier plenum for cooling the ash discharged from the gasifier. At the same time, the fly ash at the bottom of the secondary cyclone dust collector of the gasifier is as high as 600-700 degrees. After being cooled by the cold ash cooler, it is discharged to the ash storage through the pneumatic ash conveying device for centralized treatment.

[0004] However, common cold ash coolers include pipe type, plate type and screw conveying type, which have large equipment size and are not easy to install due to the limitations of site space and location. In addition, the pneumatic ash conveying system is complex and has a high failure rate, which brings inconvenience to operation and maintenance. Therefore, how to design a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash discharging device that is safe, reliable, easy to operate and low in cost has become a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the problems of complex structure and high failure rate of the ash discharging device of the gasifier in the prior art, so as to provide a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash discharging device.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace ash discharge device, comprising: a gasification furnace riser, a slag cooler and a dust removal device; the slag cooler is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace riser, and a slag discharge pipe for communicating with the gasification furnace riser is arranged on the slag cooler; the dust removal device is arranged on the gasification furnace riser, and the dust removal device is used for separating fly ash, and a fly ash pipeline is arranged on the dust removal device, and the fly ash pipeline communicates with the slag discharge pipe.

[0007] In use, the ash in the gasification furnace riser is transported to the slag cooler through the slag discharge pipe, and the fly ash separated by the dust removal device is transported to the slag discharge pipe through the fly ash pipeline, so that the fly ash and the ash of the gasification furnace can be combined and discharged through the slag cooler for cooling, thereby simplifying the cooling water system, the pneumatic ash conveying system and the compressed air system, and at the same time, the slag cooler at the bottom of the gasification furnace is used to the maximum extent, so as to ensure the simplification of the gasification furnace ash discharge system, safe operation and reduction of equipment cost.

[0008] Optionally, the fly ash pipeline comprises: a first pipeline vertically arranged at the bottom of the dust removal device; a second pipeline, a first end of the second pipeline communicates with the first pipeline, and a second end of the second pipeline communicates with the slag discharge pipe, and the second pipeline is arranged in a downward inclination. Through the above arrangement, the fly ash is quickly discharged outward through the first pipeline vertically arranged at the bottom of the dust removal device, and then enters the second pipeline arranged in an inclination to be transported into the slag discharge pipe, thereby realizing the transportation of the fly ash of the gasification furnace.

[0009] Optionally, a third pipeline is arranged between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the inclination angle of the third pipeline is greater than the inclination angle of the second pipeline. Through the above arrangement, the fly ash in the first pipeline is further transported through the third pipeline arranged in an inclination, and then enters the second pipeline, thereby realizing the transportation of the fly ash of the gasification furnace.

[0010] Optionally, a compressed air pipeline is arranged at the connection between the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and the compressed air pipeline is used for communicating with the compressed air system. Through the above arrangement, the compressed air pipeline is connected to the compressed air system of the electric field, and the compressed air is transported into the second pipeline through the compressed air pipeline, so that the compressed air can quickly blow the fly ash in the second pipeline into the slag discharge pipe, thereby avoiding the blockage of the fly ash in the second pipeline.

[0011] Optionally, the air inlet direction of the compressed air pipeline is arranged in parallel with the third pipeline. Through the above arrangement, the compressed air in the compressed air pipeline can be prevented from entering the third pipeline in reverse.

[0012] Optionally, the first pipeline is provided with an electric air lock. Through the above arrangement, the electric air lock plays a sealing role to prevent air from flowing back into the dust removal device.

[0013] Optionally, the fly ash pipeline and the slag discharge pipeline are provided with a compensation device. Through the above arrangement, the compensation device can absorb the thermal displacement generated by the fly ash pipeline and the slag discharge pipeline.

[0014] Optionally, the compensation device is a metal expansion joint. Through the above arrangement, the metal expansion joint can compensate the stress caused by temperature difference and mechanical vibration through elastic deformation, has the characteristics of compact structure and strong reliability, and can absorb the thermal displacement generated by the fly ash pipeline and the slag discharge pipeline.

[0015] Optionally, the dust removal device comprises a primary cyclone separator and a secondary cyclone dust collector, the bottom end of the primary cyclone separator is in communication with the gasification furnace riser, and the top end of the primary cyclone separator is in communication with the secondary cyclone dust collector. Through the above arrangement, the primary cyclone separator and the secondary cyclone dust collector use the cyclone effect to separate fly ash in the gas under the action of centrifugal force to obtain clean gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace slag discharge device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Explanation of reference signs: 1, gasification furnace riser; 2, slag cooler; 3, slag discharge pipeline; 4, dust removal device; 5, air chamber; 6, first pipeline; 7, second pipeline; 8, third pipeline; 9, compressed air pipeline; 10, stop valve; 11, check valve; 12, electric air lock; 13, compensation device; 14, electric plug valve; 15, electric ash valve; 16, primary cyclone separator; 17, secondary cyclone dust collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] ​The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] This embodiment provides a structure for a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device that can achieve combined cooling and discharge of fly ash and slag. It is used for cooling and discharging fly ash and slag, avoiding accidents caused by personnel being burned by high-temperature ash and slag, reducing the labor intensity of manually discharging ash and slag from the furnace bottom, and ensuring the personal safety of operators.

[0024] like Figure 1 The image shows a specific implementation of a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash discharge device provided in this embodiment, comprising: a gasifier riser pipe 1, a ash cooler 2, and a dust removal device 4; the ash cooler 2 is disposed at the bottom of the gasifier riser pipe 1, and the ash cooler 2 is provided with a ash discharge pipe 3 for connecting to the gasifier riser pipe 1; the dust removal device 4 is disposed on the gasifier riser pipe 1, the dust removal device 4 is used to separate fly ash, the dust removal device 4 is provided with a fly ash pipe, and the fly ash pipe is connected to the ash discharge pipe 3.

[0025] In use, the ash in the gasification furnace riser pipe 1 is transported into the slag cooler 2 through the slag discharge pipe 3, and the fly ash separated by the dust removal device 4 is transported into the slag discharge pipe 3 through the fly ash pipeline, so that the fly ash and the ash of the gasification furnace can be combined and discharged through the slag cooler 2 for cooling, the cooling water system, the pneumatic ash conveying system and the compressed air system are simplified, meanwhile, the slag cooler 2 at the bottom of the gasification furnace is used to the maximum extent, so as to ensure the simplification of the ash discharge system of the gasification furnace, safe operation and reduction of equipment cost. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace ash discharge device provided in the embodiment solves the problems of complex structure and high failure rate of the ash discharge device of the gasification furnace in the prior art.

[0026] Specifically, the bottom of the gasification furnace riser pipe 1 is provided with an air chamber 5 for connecting an air supply pipeline.

[0027] It should be noted that the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace ash discharge device provided in the embodiment can be applied in many fields such as biomass gasification coupled power generation, biomass gasification for methanol production, biomass charcoal gas co-production and the like, and can jointly promote local economic and resource sustainable development.

[0028] As shown in Figure 1 the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace ash discharge device provided in the embodiment, the fly ash pipeline comprises: a first pipeline 6 vertically arranged at the bottom of the dust removal device 4; and a second pipeline 7, a first end of the second pipeline 7 being in communication with the first pipeline 6, a second end of the second pipeline 7 being in communication with the slag discharge pipe 3, and the second pipeline 7 being arranged in a downward inclination. The fly ash is quickly discharged outward through the first pipeline 6 vertically arranged at the bottom of the dust removal device 4, and then enters the second pipeline 7 arranged in an inclination to be transported into the slag discharge pipe 3, so as to realize the transportation of the fly ash of the gasification furnace. In addition, as an alternative embodiment, the fly ash pipeline can also be arranged as an inclined conveying pipeline.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace ash discharge device provided in the embodiment, a third pipeline 8 is arranged between the first pipeline 6 and the second pipeline 7, and the inclination angle of the third pipeline 8 is greater than the inclination angle of the second pipeline 7. The fly ash in the first pipeline 6 is transferred through the third pipeline 8 arranged in an inclination, and then enters the second pipeline 7, so as to realize the transportation of the fly ash of the gasification furnace. In addition, as an alternative embodiment, the third pipeline 8 can be omitted, and the first pipeline 6 and the second pipeline 7 are directly connected.

[0030] Specifically, the third pipeline 8 comprises an inclined section connected with the first pipeline 6 and a vertical section connected with the second pipeline 7.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1As shown in the figure, the second pipeline 7 is provided with a compressed air pipe 9 connected with the third pipeline 8, and the compressed air pipe 9 is used for connecting with a compressed air system. The compressed air pipe 9 is connected with the compressed air system of the electric field, and the compressed air is delivered into the second pipeline 7 through the compressed air pipe 9, so that the fly ash in the second pipeline 7 can be quickly blown into the slag discharge pipe 3, thereby avoiding the fly ash from being blocked in the second pipeline 7.

[0032] Specifically, the compressed air pipe 9 is provided with a stop valve 10 and a check valve 11.

[0033] Specifically, the pressure of the compressed air delivered by the compressed air pipe 9 is about 0.3MPa.

[0034] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the compressed air pipe 9 is provided with a compressed air pipe 9 connected with the third pipeline 8, and the compressed air pipe 9 is used for connecting with a compressed air system. The compressed air pipe 9 is connected with the compressed air system of the electric field, and the compressed air is delivered into the second pipeline 7 through the compressed air pipe 9, so that the fly ash in the second pipeline 7 can be quickly blown into the slag discharge pipe 3, thereby avoiding the fly ash from being blocked in the second pipeline 7.

[0035] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the first pipeline 6 is provided with an electric air lock 12. The electric air lock 12 plays a sealing role, and can prevent air from flowing reversely into the dust removal device 4. In addition, as an alternative embodiment, the electric air lock can be omitted, and a one-way valve is arranged on the first pipeline 6.

[0036] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the fly ash pipeline and the slag discharge pipe 3 are provided with a compensation device 13. The compensation device 13 can absorb the thermal displacement generated by the fly ash pipeline and the slag discharge pipe 3.

[0037] Specifically, the fly ash pipeline is provided with the compensation device 13 at least on the third pipeline 8.

[0038] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the compensation device 13 is a metal expansion joint. The metal expansion joint can compensate the stress caused by temperature difference and mechanical vibration through elastic deformation, has the characteristics of compact structure and strong reliability, and can absorb the thermal displacement generated by the fly ash pipeline and the slag discharge pipe 3. In addition, as an alternative embodiment, the compensation device 13 can also be a sleeve compensator.

[0039] As shown in the figure, Figure 1As shown in this embodiment, in the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash discharge device, an electric slide gate valve 14 is installed on the ash discharge pipe 3, and an electric ash discharge valve 15 is installed on the fly ash pipe. The electric slide gate valve 14 on the ash discharge pipe 3 and the electric ash discharge valve 15 on the fly ash pipe can be remotely opened and closed, enabling remote automatic ash discharge and cooling when the amount of ash in the gasifier riser pipe 1 is large. Alternatively, as an alternative implementation, a manual slide gate valve can be installed on the ash discharge pipe 3, and a manual ash discharge valve can be installed on the fly ash pipe.

[0040] Specifically, the electric ash discharge valve 15 is located at one end of the third pipe 8 near the second pipe 7.

[0041] It should be further explained that when the fly ash pipeline is conveying fly ash to the slag discharge pipe 3, the electric conveying airlock 12 and the electric ash discharge valve 15 are remotely activated; when the dust removal device 4 needs to be maintained, by closing the electric airlock 12 and opening the electric ash discharge valve 15, all the fly ash in the fly ash pipeline can be discharged to the outside, which is convenient for maintaining the dust removal device 4.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the dust removal device 4 in the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash discharge device includes a primary cyclone separator 16 and a secondary cyclone dust collector 17. The bottom end of the primary cyclone separator 16 is connected to the gasifier riser pipe 1, and the top end of the primary cyclone separator 16 is connected to the secondary cyclone dust collector 17. The primary cyclone separator 16 and the secondary cyclone dust collector 17 utilize the cyclone effect to separate fly ash from the gas under centrifugal force, obtaining clean gas.

[0043] How to use: like Figure 1 As shown, the biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device provided in this embodiment, when in use, opens the electric slide valve 14, and the ash and slag in the gasifier riser pipe 1 is transported to the slag cooler 2 through the slag discharge pipe 3; opens the electric airlock 12 and the electric ash discharge valve 15, and the fly ash separated by the secondary cyclone dust collector 17 is quickly discharged outward through the vertical first pipe 6, and then after passing through the third pipe 8, it enters the third pipe 8 inclined on one side of the slag discharge pipe 3, and is transported to the slag discharge pipe 3 through the third pipe 8, realizing the combination of fly ash and slag from the gasifier and cooling and discharging through the slag cooler 2, which can avoid the occurrence of personnel being burned by high temperature ash and slag, reduce the labor intensity of manually discharging ash and slag from the bottom of the furnace, and ensure the personal safety of operators.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely example for clearly illustrating but not limitation to the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments are not required to be enumerated. The obvious changes or variations derived from the above description are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device, characterized in that, include: Gasifier riser pipe (1); A slag cooler (2) is provided at the bottom of the gasifier riser pipe (1), and a slag discharge pipe (3) is provided on the slag cooler (2) for connecting the gasifier riser pipe (1). A dust removal device (4) is installed on the gasifier riser pipe (1). The dust removal device (4) is used to separate fly ash. A fly ash pipe is installed on the dust removal device (4). The fly ash pipe is connected to the slag discharge pipe (3).

2. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fly ash conduit includes: The first pipe (6) is vertically installed at the bottom of the dust removal device (4); The second pipe (7) has its first end connected to the first pipe (6) and its second end connected to the slag discharge pipe (3). The second pipe (7) is arranged at a downward inclination.

3. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A third pipe (8) is provided between the first pipe (6) and the second pipe (7), and the inclination angle of the third pipe (8) is greater than that of the second pipe (7).

4. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A compressed air pipe (9) is provided at the connection between the second pipe (7) and the third pipe (8), and the compressed air pipe (9) is used to connect to the compressed air system.

5. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air intake direction of the compressed air pipe (9) is parallel to that of the third pipe (8).

6. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An electric airlock (12) is installed on the first pipe (6).

7. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fly ash pipe and the slag discharge pipe (3) are equipped with compensation devices (13).

8. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The compensation device (13) is configured as a metal expansion joint.

9. The biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier ash and slag discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric slide gate valve (14) is installed on the slag discharge pipe (3), and an electric ash discharge valve (15) is installed on the fly ash pipe.

10. The ash and slag discharge device for a biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The dust removal device (4) includes a primary cyclone separator (16) and a secondary cyclone dust collector (17). The bottom end of the primary cyclone separator (16) is connected to the gasifier riser pipe (1), and the top end of the primary cyclone separator (16) is connected to the secondary cyclone dust collector (17).

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