Control method and device for high-altitude wind power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a control method and device of a high-altitude wind power generation system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring historical wind regime data of a preset duration; wherein the historical wind condition data comprises historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data; inputting the historical wind regime data into a preset joint model to obtain current wind regime data; wherein the current wind condition data comprises current wind speed data and current wind direction data; inputting the current wind condition data into a preset cable speed prediction model to obtain a first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system; and controlling the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the first cable speed, so that the power generation efficiency of the high-altitude wind power generation system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a control method and apparatus for a high-altitude wind power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the global energy structure transformation and increasing environmental awareness, wind power, as a clean and renewable energy source, is gradually becoming an important component of the energy structure of various countries. High-altitude wind power technology, due to its advantages such as high wind speed, high energy density, and wide geographical distribution, has become an important branch of wind energy development. Currently, high-altitude wind power systems mainly include two methods: one is to use wind turbines that are raised to high altitudes via devices such as helium balloons, and the other is to capture wind power using devices such as parachutes or kites.

[0003] In related technologies, the control schemes for cable speed usually lack the ability to adapt to the complex and ever-changing high-altitude wind field environment, making it difficult to respond to changes in wind conditions in real time, resulting in low power generation efficiency of high-altitude wind power generation systems.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes a control method and device for a high-altitude wind power generation system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of improving the power generation efficiency of high-altitude wind power generation systems, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method and apparatus for high-altitude wind power generation systems.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method for a high-altitude wind power generation system, the method comprising: Acquire historical wind data for a preset duration; wherein, the historical wind data includes historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data; The historical wind data is input into a preset joint model to obtain the current wind data; wherein, the current wind data includes the current wind speed data and the current wind direction data; The current wind condition data is input into a preset cable speed prediction model to obtain the first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system. The cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system is controlled based on the speed of the first cable.

[0007] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a control device for a high-altitude wind power generation system, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire historical wind condition data for a preset duration; wherein, the historical wind condition data includes historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data; The first data processing module is used to input the historical wind condition data into a preset joint model to obtain the current wind condition data; wherein, the current wind condition data includes the current wind speed data and the current wind direction data; The second data processing module is used to input the current wind condition data into a preset cable speed prediction model to obtain the first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system. The third data processing module is used to control the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the speed of the first cable.

[0008] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] This invention provides a control method and apparatus for a high-altitude wind power generation system. First, historical wind condition data for a preset duration is collected. This historical wind condition data includes historical wind speed data (directly related to wind energy density) and historical wind direction data (affecting the force direction and attitude of the high-altitude power generation device). Then, the collected historical wind condition data is input into a preset joint model to obtain current wind condition data, which includes current wind speed and current wind direction data. After obtaining the current wind condition data, it is further input into a preset cable speed prediction model. Since cable speed directly determines the wind energy capture efficiency of the high-altitude power generation device (excessive speed can easily lead to cable overload and breakage, and equipment damage; excessive speed will waste wind energy resources), the model calculates a first cable speed that balances efficiency and safety based on the actual energy potential of the current wind field, i.e., the theoretically optimal control speed under the current wind conditions. Finally, based on the first cable speed, dynamic control is implemented on the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system. Thus, this invention improves the power generation efficiency of the high-altitude wind power generation system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1A flowchart of a control method for a high-altitude wind power generation system according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 2 This is a hardware architecture diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A structural diagram of the control device for a high-altitude wind power generation system according to one embodiment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a control method for a high-altitude wind power generation system, the method comprising: Step 100: Obtain historical wind data for a preset duration; the historical wind data includes historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data. Step 102: Input historical wind data into the preset joint model to obtain current wind data; where the current wind data includes current wind speed data and current wind direction data; Step 104: Input the current wind condition data into the preset cable speed prediction model to obtain the first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system; Step 108: Control the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the first cable speed.

[0015] In this embodiment, firstly, historical wind condition data for a preset duration is collected. This historical wind condition data includes historical wind speed data (directly related to wind energy density) and historical wind direction data (affecting the force direction and attitude of the high-altitude power generation device). Then, the collected historical wind condition data is input into a preset joint model to obtain current wind condition data, which includes current wind speed and current wind direction data. After obtaining the current wind condition data, it is further input into a preset cable speed prediction model. Since cable speed directly determines the wind energy capture efficiency of the high-altitude power generation device (excessive speed can easily lead to cable overload and breakage, and equipment damage; excessive speed will waste wind energy resources), this model calculates a first cable speed that balances efficiency and safety based on the actual energy potential of the current wind field, i.e., the theoretically optimal control speed under the current wind conditions. Finally, based on the first cable speed, dynamic control is implemented on the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system. Thus, this invention improves the power generation efficiency of the high-altitude wind power generation system.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preset joint model includes a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory network connected in sequence; Convolutional neural networks are used to extract spatial features of wind fields from historical wind data; Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are used to receive spatial characteristics of the wind field and output current wind condition data.

[0017] In this embodiment, the pre-defined joint model adopts an architecture of sequentially connecting a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM). The CNN extracts spatial features of the wind field from historical wind data. High-altitude wind fields are not uniformly distributed; wind speeds at different altitudes and horizontal regions can vary significantly (e.g., wind speed at 120 meters may be 1.5-2 m / s higher than at 100 meters), and are easily mixed with local turbulence noise. The CNN, through sliding calculations of multiple convolutional kernels, effectively filters out hidden spatial correlations in the data (e.g., wind speed gradient features in specific regions), filtering out meaningless interference and transforming disordered historical wind data into structured, interpretable spatial feature vectors. The LSTM, on the other hand, is used for the temporal continuity of wind conditions. Through input gates, forget gates, and output gates, it effectively remembers long-term temporal dependencies in historical wind data (e.g., the trend of steadily increasing wind speed over the previous 30 minutes), avoiding the gradient vanishing problem of traditional Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). LSTM receives the spatial features of the wind field output by CNN to improve the accuracy of predicting current wind conditions (which may be wind conditions over a future period of time).

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, after controlling the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the first cable speed, the process includes: The first cable speed is updated by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed; The first power generation power and the second power generation power are determined sequentially based on the speed of the first cable and the speed of the second cable. If the second power generation is greater than the first power generation, the second cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable. The first cable speed in the step "update the first cable speed by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed" is assigned as the second cable speed, and then the step "update the first cable speed by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed" is executed again. If the second power generation is less than the first power generation, then the first cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first cable speed is the "theoretical optimal value" calculated based on model-predicted wind conditions. However, the actual high-altitude wind field may experience unpredictable minute changes such as instantaneous turbulence and local wind speed fluctuations. To further explore the power generation potential and find the "actual optimal speed" under the current operating conditions, after initial cable control based on the first cable speed, the first cable speed is first added to a first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed. The "first preset change amount" (0.1-0.3 m / s) aims to achieve "small-step fine-tuning" while ensuring system stability, thus avoiding sudden speed changes that could lead to a sudden increase in cable tension and equipment overload. Subsequently, the corresponding first and second power generation capacities are calculated sequentially based on the first and second cable speeds. If the calculated second power generation is greater than the first power generation, it means that the current speed fine-tuning direction (positive increase) can effectively improve wind energy capture efficiency. At this time, the second cable speed will be updated to the new control speed, and the "baseline speed" of the next iteration (i.e., the "first cable speed" in the step "add the first cable speed to the first preset change") will be assigned to the current second cable speed. The "increase speed update" step will be executed again to continue exploring the speed range of higher power. If the second power generation is less than the first power generation, it means that continuing to increase the speed positively can no longer bring efficiency gains (and may even lead to a decrease in wind energy utilization and an increase in equipment load due to excessive speed). At this time, the iteration will stop, and the initial first cable speed will be maintained as the control speed to ensure power generation efficiency and avoid system losses caused by ineffective adjustments.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first power generation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, The first power generation capacity, The first cable speed, The cable tension corresponds to the first cable speed.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, controlling the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on a first cable speed includes: Determine whether the speed of the first cable is greater than the preset safe cable speed; If so, the preset safety cable speed will be used as the control speed of the cable. If not, the first cable speed shall be used as the control speed of the cable.

[0022] In this embodiment, considering that the cable speed is directly related to the safety of the high-altitude wind power generation system, if the speed exceeds the equipment's tolerance limit, it may cause serious risks such as cable breakage due to tension overload and imbalance of the high-altitude power generation device (such as a kite or helium balloon carrier). Therefore, it is first determined whether the first cable speed is greater than the preset safe cable speed. If so, the preset safe cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable; if not, the first cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable. In this way, the present invention can ensure the stable operation of the system within the safety boundary without sacrificing the theoretical efficiency of wind energy capture.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, after controlling the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the first cable speed, the process includes: The third cable speed is obtained by subtracting the second preset change from the first cable speed. The first power generation capacity and the third power generation capacity are determined sequentially based on the speed of the first cable and the speed of the third cable. If the third power generation is greater than the first power generation, the third cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable. The first cable speed in the step "subtract the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to update and obtain the third cable speed" is assigned as the third cable speed, and then the step "subtract the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to update and obtain the third cable speed" is executed again. If the third power generation is less than the first power generation, then the first cable speed shall be used as the control speed of the cable.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first cable speed is the "theoretical optimal value" calculated based on model-predicted wind conditions. However, the actual high-altitude wind field may experience unpredictable minute changes such as instantaneous turbulence and local wind speed fluctuations. To further explore power generation potential and find the "actual optimal speed" under the current operating conditions, after initial cable control is completed based on the first cable speed, a second preset change amount is first subtracted from the first cable speed to calculate the third cable speed. Based on the first and third cable speeds, the corresponding first and third power generation are calculated sequentially. If the calculated third power generation is greater than the first power generation, it indicates that the current reverse adjustment direction (moderate speed reduction) can effectively improve wind energy utilization efficiency. At this time, the third cable speed will be updated to the new cable control speed, and the "baseline speed" of the next iteration (i.e., the "first cable speed" in the step "subtract the second preset change from the first cable speed") will be assigned to the current third cable speed. The "deceleration and speed update" step will be executed again to continuously explore the speed range of better power. If the third power generation is less than the first power generation, it indicates that continuing to reduce the speed will lead to a decrease in wind energy capture (or a decrease in equipment operating efficiency). At this time, the iteration will be stopped immediately, and the initial first cable speed will be maintained as the control speed to avoid system losses caused by ineffective adjustments and ensure that the power generation efficiency is not lower than the theoretical optimal level.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preset cable speed prediction model is a deep learning model.

[0026] In this embodiment, the deep learning model has a powerful ability to extract and fit complex features. Through training with massive amounts of historical wind data, cable speed data and corresponding power generation data, it can discover the correlation between "wind data and optimal cable speed". At the same time, its generalization ability is outstanding and it can be adapted to high-altitude wind conditions in different scenarios such as plateaus and open seas, avoiding prediction failure caused by scene changes.

[0027] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this invention provides a control device for a high-altitude wind power generation system. The device can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both. From a hardware perspective, as... Figure 2 The diagram shown is a hardware architecture diagram of an electronic device containing the control device of a high-altitude wind power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Except for... Figure 2 In addition to the processor, memory, network interface, and non-volatile memory shown, the electronic device in the embodiment may also include other hardware, such as a forwarding chip responsible for processing packets. Taking software implementation as an example, such as... Figure 3 As shown, a device in a logical sense is formed by the CPU of the electronic device in which it is located reading the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the memory for execution.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the control device for a high-altitude wind power generation system provided in this embodiment includes: The acquisition module 300 is used to acquire historical wind condition data for a preset duration; wherein, the historical wind condition data includes historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data; The first data processing module 302 is used to input the historical wind condition data into a preset joint model to obtain the current wind condition data; wherein, the current wind condition data includes the current wind speed data and the current wind direction data; The second data processing module 304 is used to input the current wind condition data into a preset cable speed prediction model to obtain the first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system. The third data processing module 306 is used to control the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the speed of the first cable.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preset joint model includes a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory network connected in sequence; The convolutional neural network is used to extract wind field spatial features from the historical wind data; The long short-term memory network is used to receive the spatial characteristics of the wind field and output the current wind condition data.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a fourth data processing module, the fourth data processing module being configured to perform the following operations: The first cable speed is updated by adding a first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed; Based on the speed of the first cable and the speed of the second cable, the first power generation power and the second power generation power are determined sequentially. If the second power generation is greater than the first power generation, then the second cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable, and the first cable speed in the step "update the first cable speed by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed" is assigned the second cable speed, and then the step "update the first cable speed by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed" is executed again. If the second power generation is less than the first power generation, then the first cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first power generation is determined by the following formula: In the formula, The first power generation capacity, The speed of the first cable, The cable tension corresponds to the speed of the first cable.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the third data processing module 306 is configured to perform the following operations: Determine whether the speed of the first cable is greater than the preset safe cable speed; If so, the preset safety cable speed shall be used as the control speed of the cable; If not, then the speed of the first cable shall be used as the control speed of the cable.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes a fifth data processing module, which is configured to perform the following operations: The first cable speed is updated by subtracting the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to obtain the third cable speed. The first power generation power and the third power generation power are determined sequentially based on the speed of the first cable and the speed of the third cable. If the third power generation is greater than the first power generation, then the third cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable, and the first cable speed in the step "subtract the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to update and obtain the third cable speed" is assigned as the third cable speed, and then "subtract the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to update and obtain the third cable speed" is executed again. If the third power generation is less than the first power generation, then the speed of the first cable is used as the control speed of the cable.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preset cable speed prediction model is a deep learning model.

[0035] It is understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a specific limitation on the control device of a high-altitude wind power generation system. In other embodiments of the present invention, a control device for a high-altitude wind power generation system may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0036] The information interaction and execution process between the modules in the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, and the specific details can be found in the description of the method embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0037] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements a control method for a high-altitude wind power generation system according to any embodiment of this invention.

[0038] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform a control method for a high-altitude wind power generation system according to any embodiment of this invention.

[0039] Specifically, a system or apparatus equipped with a storage medium may be provided, on which software program code implementing the functions of any of the embodiments described above is stored, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or apparatus may read and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.

[0040] In this case, the program code read from the storage medium can itself implement the function of any of the above embodiments, and therefore the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute part of the present invention.

[0041] Storage media embodiments for providing program code include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), magnetic tapes, non-volatile memory cards, and ROMs. Alternatively, program code can be downloaded from a server computer via a communication network.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be clear that not only can the program code read by the computer be executed, but also the operating system or other components operating on the computer can be instructed based on the program code to perform some or all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the function of any of the embodiments described above.

[0043] Furthermore, it is understood that the program code read from the storage medium is written to the memory set in the expansion board inserted into the computer or to the memory set in the expansion module connected to the computer. Then, based on the instructions of the program code, the CPU or other components installed on the expansion board or expansion module execute some and all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the functions of any of the embodiments described above.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a high-altitude wind power generation system, characterized in that, include: Acquire historical wind data for a preset duration; wherein, the historical wind data includes historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data; The historical wind data is input into a preset joint model to obtain the current wind data; wherein, the current wind data includes the current wind speed data and the current wind direction data; The current wind condition data is input into a preset cable speed prediction model to obtain the first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system. The cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system is controlled based on the speed of the first cable.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset joint model includes a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory network connected in sequence; The convolutional neural network is used to extract wind field spatial features from the historical wind data; The long short-term memory network is used to receive the spatial characteristics of the wind field and output the current wind condition data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After controlling the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the first cable speed, the following steps are included: The first cable speed is updated by adding a first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed; Based on the speed of the first cable and the speed of the second cable, the first power generation power and the second power generation power are determined sequentially. If the second power generation is greater than the first power generation, then the second cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable, and the first cable speed in the step "update the first cable speed by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed" is assigned the second cable speed, and then the step "update the first cable speed by adding the first preset change amount to obtain the second cable speed" is executed again. If the second power generation is less than the first power generation, then the first cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first power generation capacity is determined by the following formula: In the formula, The first power generation capacity, The speed of the first cable, The cable tension corresponds to the speed of the first cable.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the speed of the first cable includes: Determine whether the speed of the first cable is greater than the preset safe cable speed; If so, the preset safety cable speed shall be used as the control speed of the cable; If not, then the speed of the first cable shall be used as the control speed of the cable.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After controlling the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the first cable speed, the following steps are included: The first cable speed is updated by subtracting the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to obtain the third cable speed. The first power generation power and the third power generation power are determined sequentially based on the speed of the first cable and the speed of the third cable. If the third power generation is greater than the first power generation, then the third cable speed is used as the control speed of the cable, and the first cable speed in the step "subtract the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to update and obtain the third cable speed" is assigned as the third cable speed, and then "subtract the second preset change amount from the first cable speed to update and obtain the third cable speed" is executed again. If the third power generation is less than the first power generation, then the speed of the first cable is used as the control speed of the cable.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset cable speed prediction model is a deep learning model.

8. A control device for a high-altitude wind power generation system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire historical wind condition data for a preset duration; wherein, the historical wind condition data includes historical wind speed data and historical wind direction data; The first data processing module is used to input the historical wind condition data into a preset joint model to obtain the current wind condition data; wherein, the current wind condition data includes the current wind speed data and the current wind direction data; The second data processing module is used to input the current wind condition data into a preset cable speed prediction model to obtain the first cable speed of the high-altitude wind power generation system. The third data processing module is used to control the cable of the high-altitude wind power generation system based on the speed of the first cable.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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