A method and system for evaluating urban ecological corridor connectivity based on field observation

Abstract

The application provides a kind of urban ecological corridor connectivity evaluation method and system based on field observation.The method in the application successively includes selecting object corridor and preparing the data of object corridor;Calculate the overall morphological structure index, internal habitat characteristic index, potential human disturbance index and wild animal utilization index of object corridor;Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity;Determine the connectivity of object corridor according to the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity.The application is based on field observation data, and evaluates the connectivity of real urban ecological corridor in situ, overcomes the defects that the connectivity evaluation of ecological corridor in the past relies on model simulation, has higher practical application value, makes the evaluation of corridor connectivity more intuitive, systematic and comprehensive, and is more suitable for dynamic changes of urbanization, so as to realize the maximization of connectivity function and ecological benefit of urban ecological corridor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of urban ecological planning and construction technology, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, urban ecological corridors, as important spatial carriers for maintaining habitat connectivity and ensuring species migration and gene exchange, have become a core research issue in urban ecology and landscape planning in terms of connectivity assessment. Existing technologies mainly employ landscape ecology simulation methods to assess the potential connectivity of urban ecological corridors, including the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR), circuit theory models, landscape connectivity indices (α, β, γ indices), the InVEST model, the LinkageMapper tool, and morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA). For example, the MCR model simulates species dispersal paths by constructing resistance surfaces and identifies potential ecological corridors using GIS; the circuit theory model, based on the random walk theory of current, simulates species flow in the landscape and identifies key connection zones and bottleneck areas; landscape connectivity indices measure overall landscape connectivity by quantifying the number, area, and connection relationships of patches. Furthermore, existing technologies also involve combining ecosystem service assessment and landscape pattern analysis to simulate and map potential corridor networks. These methods have been widely applied in research and practice such as urban ecological security pattern construction and urban green space system planning, revealing landscape ecological patterns and potential corridor structures at a macro scale.

[0003] However, existing technologies have the following drawbacks:

[0004] 1) Relying on landscape ecological models to simulate and identify potential ecological corridors in theory has discrepancies with real-world urban ecological corridors (such as road corridors, waterfront corridors, etc.), making it difficult to directly guide the optimization and management of real corridors;

[0005] 2) It mainly simulates and evaluates the overall connectivity of the corridor network from a macro perspective, ignoring the role of the micro characteristics of the corridor itself in its individual connectivity, such as morphological structure (e.g., length, width, curvature, breakpoints, etc.), internal habitat (e.g., vegetation coverage, community type, dominant tree species, etc.), human disturbance (e.g., human activities, light pollution, noise levels) and the actual use of the corridor by wild animals.

[0006] 3) Existing model results are more of an approximate estimate of theoretical connectivity, lacking a quantitative indicator system that combines with field observation data. Therefore, it is impossible to directly assess the true ecological effectiveness of a single corridor, and it is also difficult to compare different corridors. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a method and system for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations, along with a computer storage medium and a computer. Through field surveys and monitoring of urban ecological corridors, it acquires indicators of the overall morphological structure of the corridors, habitat characteristics within the corridors, human disturbance indicators around and within the corridors, and the distribution and utilization of wild animals within the corridors. This constructs a multi-dimensional evaluation index system to quantitatively and locally evaluate the connectivity of different urban ecological corridors. This directly reflects the actual effectiveness of urban ecological corridors in supporting wildlife habitat, migration, and gene exchange, as well as their main influencing factors, providing a scientific basis for the optimization, functional improvement, and biodiversity conservation of urban ecological corridors. This addresses the technical problems existing in the current methods for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A method for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Select the object corridor and prepare the object corridor data;

[0011] S2. Calculate the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor based on its overall morphological parameters. Calculate the internal habitat characteristic index based on the internal habitat parameters of the object corridor. The potential human interference index is calculated based on the human interference parameters of the object corridor. Calculate the wildlife utilization index based on wildlife parameters of the target corridor. ;

[0012] S3. Based on the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity ;

[0013] S4. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity Determine the ecological connectivity of the corridor.

[0014] In one implementation scheme, step S1 specifically includes: based on the urban green space system plan, the distribution of ecological sources, the road network and water system layout, using GIS spatial analysis tools to screen candidate corridors, and combining urban ecological survey reports and historical species monitoring data, selecting several corridors with potential value for urban biodiversity conservation as target corridor bridges; collecting remote sensing data, integrating urban planning maps, land use data and information such as roads, buildings, and nighttime light indices to construct an urban geospatial dataset, and preparing wildlife monitoring data, which includes transect surveys, infrared camera data and acoustic monitoring data.

[0015] In one implementation, in step S2, the overall morphological parameters of the target corridor include the corridor's length, width, tortuosity, continuity, and node density; the internal habitat parameters include the corridor's vegetation cover, vegetation hierarchy, plant diversity, and proportion of native species; the human disturbance parameters include the road density, building coverage, noise intensity, and nighttime light index within the corridor's buffer zone; and the wildlife parameters include the species richness, frequency of occurrence, number of individuals, and mortality risk of wild animals.

[0016] In one implementation scheme, S21: Using high-resolution remote sensing imagery and GIS software, measure the length, width, tortuosity, continuity, and node density of the corridor, and calculate the overall morphological structure index of the corridor according to Formula 1.

[0017] Formula 1

[0018] in, Represents the actual length, in km. This represents the actual width in AW, in meters. and All data were obtained through mapping and measurement using GIS software. Represents standard length, in km. This represents the standard width, in meters. and The length and width of the corridor are determined based on the design or technical requirements of the urban planning. Represents tortuosity, is dimensionless, and represents the actual length of the corridor. straight-line distance from the two ends of the corridor The ratio; The continuity coefficient is dimensionless and represents the inverse proportional function of the number of corridor breakpoints, calculated according to Formula 2:

[0019] Formula 2

[0020] in, UKThe representative corridor break point is a location where remote sensing interpretation shows a continuous absence of vegetation cover for ≥30m or an effective vegetation width of <5m. Represents node density, which is the number of intersections between the corridor and physical barriers and the standard length of the corridor. The ratio;

[0021] S22: Obtain the corridor vegetation coverage, vegetation hierarchy, plant diversity, and native species ratio through field surveys and remote sensing image interpretation, and calculate the internal habitat characteristic index according to Formula 3. :

[0022] Formula 3

[0023] in, Represents vegetation coverage, expressed in %, and is the ratio of vegetation area to total area in the corridor; The Shannon-Wiener index, a dimensionless index, is calculated based on the number of terrestrial vascular plant species and their canopy cover obtained from field surveys of quadrats within the corridor, according to Formula 4:

[0024] Formula 4

[0025] in, For the i-th type of relative coverage or individual proportion diversity;

[0026] The habitat structure index is calculated by surveying the tree, shrub, and herbaceous layers and dominant species in quadrats, recording shrub density and herbaceous cover, and is calculated according to Formula 5:

[0027] Formula 5

[0028] in, The percentage represents the completeness of the hierarchical structure, indicating whether the tree layer, shrub layer, and herb layer exist in the survey plot. The value is 1 for all of them being present, 0.67 for missing 1 layer, 0.33 for missing 2 layers, and 0 for all of them being missing. If it is necessary to reflect the differences in the importance of the sub-indicators, expert scores are used to determine their respective weights, and then a weighted average is calculated.

[0029] Represents the balance of dominant species, expressed as a percentage, representing the relative importance of dominant species i in the tree layer. , i≤3, The calculation is as follows, according to Formula Six:

[0030] Formula Six

[0031] in, , and Representing species i The relative cover, relative height, and relative diameter at breast height, if for a single species If the percentage is greater than 60%, the community is considered highly homogeneous. Score 0.3; if the first 3 species A value of less than 40% indicates equilibrium. Score 1; Linear intermediate case The score is calculated by interpolation; The suitability of shrub density is represented by the number of shrubs in the shrub layer divided by the area of ​​the sample plot. The greater the deviation from the optimal density range, the lower the score, calculated according to Formula 7.

[0032] Formula 7

[0033] in For the measured density, For suitable density, To allow for deviation, The value ranges from 0.2 to 0.5; Represents herbaceous coverage, expressed in % (%, obtained through field quadrat surveys);

[0034] The proportion of native plant species or their coverage recorded in the corridor quadrat survey to the total number or coverage of plant species;

[0035] S23: Extract human activity intensity information around and inside the corridor through on-site measurements, GIS analysis, or remote sensing imagery. Human activity intensity information includes road density within the corridor buffer zone. RD Building coverage BCR Noise level inside the corridor ND and nighttime light index NLI Calculate the potential human interference index according to Formula 8. :

[0036] Formula 8

[0037] in This represents the ratio of the total road length to the buffer zone area, obtained through GIS analysis and then standardized. The normalized value of building coverage represents the ratio of the built-up land area within the buffer zone to the total area of ​​the buffer zone. It is obtained after standardization through GIS analysis. The noise intensity normalization value represents the average noise level inside the corridor, which is obtained by standardization after on-site measurement by sensors. The normalized value of the nighttime light index represents the average value of the nighttime light intensity grid inside the corridor, which is obtained by acquiring remote sensing data of the nighttime light index.

[0038] S24: Monitor the species richness, frequency of occurrence, number of individuals, and mortality risk of representative terrestrial wildlife groups in the monitoring corridor, and calculate the wildlife utilization index according to Formula 9. To verify the actual use of the corridor by wild animals:

[0039] Formula Nine

[0040] All indicators in Formula 9 must be normalized to [0,1] before calculation; among them, Represents species richness, dimensionless, and is the total number of species monitored in the corridor; The frequency of occurrence represents the proportion of recorded occurrences of a species out of the total number of monitoring occurrences. Represents abundance, which is the number of individuals in a species; This is a normalized value representing the number of roadkills or other mortality risks of wild animals within the corridor.

[0041] In one implementation scheme, step S3 specifically includes: deriving the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity according to Formula 10. ,

[0042] Formula 10

[0043] , , and The weights for the overall morphological structure index, internal habitat characteristic index, potential human disturbance index, and wildlife utilization index of the corridor are defined as 𝜔form=0.25, 𝜔hab=0.25, 𝜔hum=0.2, and 𝜔wild=0.3.

[0044] In one implementation scheme, step S4 specifically includes: if the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index A score >0.75 indicates that the corridor has a well-developed structure, high-quality habitat, low human disturbance, frequent species use, and high connectivity, thus classifying the corridor's ecological connectivity as excellent. If the comprehensive connectivity evaluation index is <0.75, it indicates that the corridor has a good structure, high-quality habitat, low human disturbance, frequent species use, and high connectivity, thus classifying the corridor's ecological connectivity as excellent. A score ≤0.75 indicates that the corridor structure is relatively complete, the habitat is good, human disturbance is moderate, species use is average, and connectivity is moderately high, thus the ecological connectivity of the corridor is judged as good. If the comprehensive connectivity evaluation index is <0.25, the corridor is considered to have good connectivity. A value ≤0.5 indicates that the corridor has breaks or narrow sections, poor habitat, significant human disturbance, and limited species utilization, indicating medium to low connectivity. Therefore, the ecological connectivity of the corridor is judged as medium. If the comprehensive corridor connectivity evaluation index... A value <0.25 indicates that the corridor is severely fragmented, has low habitat quality, high levels of human disturbance, low species utilization, and low connectivity, thus the ecological connectivity of the corridor is judged to be poor.

[0045] This invention also provides an urban ecological corridor connectivity evaluation system based on field observations.

[0046] The data acquisition module collects remote sensing data of urban corridors, integrates urban planning maps, land use data, and information such as roads, buildings, and nighttime light indices, constructs an urban geospatial dataset, and prepares wildlife monitoring data, which includes transect surveys, infrared camera data, and acoustic monitoring data.

[0047] The data processing module calculates the overall morphological structure index of the target corridor based on the collected data. Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Based on the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity According to the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity Determine the connectivity of the corridors of the object;

[0048] The output module is used to visualize the structure and optimization suggestions for the connectivity evaluation of the object corridor;

[0049] The storage module is used to store the collected data and dynamically monitored data for a long time.

[0050] The present invention also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the above-described method for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations.

[0051] The present invention also provides a computer, including a computer storage medium according to the above.

[0052] The method of the present invention has achieved the following positive and beneficial effects through practice:

[0053] This invention, based on field observation data, conducts a localized evaluation of the connectivity of real urban ecological corridors. It overcomes the shortcomings of previous ecological corridor connectivity evaluations, which relied heavily on model simulations for macroscopic calculations of overall network connectivity. This invention places greater emphasis on the microscopic characteristics of the corridors themselves and their impact on individual corridor connectivity, thus possessing higher practical application value. It integrates corridor morphology, habitat characteristics, potential human disturbance, and wildlife utilization into a comprehensive evaluation index system, making corridor connectivity evaluation more intuitive, systematic, and comprehensive. It provides visualized outputs and optimization suggestions to support the planning, construction, and optimization of urban ecological corridors. For the cities or districts where the corridors are located, comprehensive evaluation can promote the formation of a sound urban ecological corridor protection pattern, enhance ecological connectivity, adapt to dynamic changes in the urbanization process, and maximize the corridor's connectivity function and ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the urban ecological corridor connectivity evaluation method based on field observations in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0056] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0057] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0058] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical connection or internal connection between two components. They can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] This embodiment takes the Suzhou River Ecological Corridor (outer ring to inner ring section) in Shanghai as the research object and conducts an on-site evaluation of its urban ecological corridor connectivity. This corridor is arranged along both banks of the river, with a length of approximately 4 km and an average width of approximately 30 m. It is surrounded by high-density urban development areas and some green spaces. The vegetation within the corridor is mainly composed of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, and it includes pedestrian paths and recreational facilities. The urban ecological corridor connectivity evaluation method based on on-site observations in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Select the object corridor and prepare the data for the object corridor.

[0062] Based on the urban green space system plan, the distribution of ecological sources, road network, and water system layout, GIS spatial analysis tools were used to screen candidate corridors. Combined with urban ecological survey reports and historical species monitoring data, several corridors with potential value for urban biodiversity conservation were selected as target corridors. Remote sensing data, such as high-resolution satellite images or drone aerial photographs, were collected and integrated with urban planning maps, land use data, and information on roads, buildings, and nighttime light indices to construct an urban geospatial dataset. Wildlife monitoring data was prepared, including transect surveys, infrared camera data, and acoustic monitoring data. Wild animals included birds, small mammals, and amphibians and reptiles. In this embodiment, a buffer zone of 50m was used to calculate anthropogenic interference indicators such as road density, building cover, and nighttime light.

[0063] S2. Calculate the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor based on its overall morphological parameters. Calculate the internal habitat characteristic index based on the internal habitat parameters of the object corridor. The potential human interference index is calculated based on the human interference parameters of the object corridor. Calculate the wildlife utilization index based on wildlife parameters of the target corridor. .

[0064] Among them, the overall morphological parameters of the target corridor include the length, width, tortuosity, continuity and node density of the corridor; the internal habitat parameters include the vegetation coverage, vegetation hierarchy, plant diversity and the proportion of native species of the corridor; the human disturbance parameters include the road density, building coverage, noise intensity and nighttime light index inside the corridor buffer zone; and the wildlife parameters include the species richness, frequency of occurrence, number of individuals and mortality risk of wild animals.

[0065] Step S2 specifically includes

[0066] S21: Using high-resolution remote sensing imagery and GIS software, measure the length, width, tortuosity, continuity, and node density of the corridor, and calculate the overall morphological structure index of the corridor according to Formula 1.

[0067] Formula 1

[0068] in, (Actual Length, in km) and (Actual Width, AW, in meters) is obtained through mapping and measurement using GIS software; (Standard Length, in km) (Standard Width, in meters) and The length and width of the corridor were determined based on the urban planning design or technical requirements for the corridor. (Tortuosity, dimensionless) represents the actual length of the corridor. straight-line distance from the two ends of the corridor The ratio; (Continuity Coefficient, dimensionless) is an inverse proportional function of the number of corridor breakpoints, calculated according to Formula 2:

[0069] Formula 2

[0070] Among them, BP (Break Point) is a location where remote sensing indicates a continuous absence of vegetation cover for ≥30m or an effective vegetation width of <5m. Node density is the number of intersections between a corridor and physical barriers such as roads or rivers, relative to the standard length of the corridor. The ratio of .

[0071] S22: Obtain the corridor vegetation coverage, vegetation hierarchy, plant diversity, and native species ratio through field surveys and remote sensing image interpretation, and calculate the internal habitat characteristic index according to Formula 3. :

[0072] Formula 3

[0073] in, (Vegetation Coverage Rate, in %) is the ratio of the vegetation area in the corridor to the total area. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (dimensionless) is calculated based on the number of terrestrial vascular plant species and their canopy cover obtained from field surveys of quadrats within the corridor, using Formula 4.

[0074] Formula 4

[0075] in, For the i-th type of relative coverage or individual proportion diversity;

[0076] The Habitat Structure Index (HSI) is calculated by surveying the tree, shrub, and herbaceous layers and dominant species in quadrats, recording shrub density and herbaceous cover, and is calculated according to Formula 5.

[0077] Formula 5

[0078] in, (Layer Structure Completeness, %) indicates whether the tree layer, shrub layer, and herb layer exist in the surveyed plot. The value of 1 is assigned to the presence of all layers, 0.67 is assigned to the absence of 1 layer, 0.33 is assigned to the absence of 2 layers, and 0 is assigned to the absence of all layers. If it is necessary to reflect the differences in the importance of sub-indicators, expert scores can be used to determine their respective weights, and then the weighted average can be calculated.

[0079] The relative importance value of (Canopy Dominance Balance, %) to the dominant species i (i≤3) in the tree layer. )related, The calculation is as follows, according to Formula Six:

[0080] Formula Six

[0081] in, , and Representing species i The relative cover, relative height, and relative diameter at breast height. For a single species... If the percentage is greater than 60%, the community is considered highly homogeneous. Score 0.3; if the first 3 species A value of less than 40% indicates equilibrium. Score 1; Intermediate Case The score is calculated using linear interpolation.

[0082] (Shrub Density) is calculated as the number of shrubs divided by the area of ​​the sample plot. The greater the deviation from the optimal density range, the lower the score, calculated according to Formula 7.

[0083] Formula 7

[0084] in For the measured density, For suitable density, To allow for deviation, The value ranges from 0.2 to 0.5; (Ground Cover, herbaceous coverage, %) was obtained through field quadrat survey; The proportion of native plant species or their coverage recorded in the corridor quadrat survey to the total number or coverage of plant species;

[0085] S23: Extract information on the intensity of human activities around (buffer zone) and inside the corridor through on-site measurements, GIS analysis, or remote sensing imagery, including road density (RD), building cover rate (BCR) within the corridor buffer zone, noise density (ND) and night light index (NLI) inside the corridor, and calculate the potential human disturbance index according to Formula 8. :

[0086] Formula 8

[0087] All indices in the formula must be normalized to [0,1] before calculation; This represents the ratio of the total road length to the buffer zone area, obtained through GIS analysis and then standardized. The normalized value of building coverage represents the ratio of the built-up land area within the buffer zone to the total area of ​​the buffer zone. It is obtained after standardization through GIS analysis. The noise intensity normalization value represents the average noise level inside the corridor, which is obtained by standardization after on-site measurement by sensors. The normalized value of the nighttime light index represents the average value of the nighttime light intensity grid inside the corridor, which is obtained by acquiring remote sensing data of the nighttime light index.

[0088] S24: Monitor the species richness, frequency of occurrence, number of individuals, and mortality risk of representative terrestrial wildlife groups in the monitoring corridor, and calculate the wildlife utilization index according to Formula 9. To verify the actual use of the corridor by wild animals:

[0089] Formula Nine

[0090] All indicators in Formula 9 must be normalized to [0,1] before calculation; among them, (Species Richness, dimensionless) is the total number of species monitored in the corridor; (Frequency) is the percentage of recorded occurrences of a species out of the total number of monitoring occurrences; Abundance is the number of individuals in a species. This is a normalized value for the number of roadkills or other mortality risks of wild animals within the corridor (a negative indicator, which reverses after normalization).

[0091] In this embodiment, the morphological structure index is calculated ( Considering corridor length, width, continuity, and discontinuity, the normalized result is approximately 0.45; Internal habitat index ( The calculated value, considering vegetation cover, diversity, hierarchical structure, and the proportion of native plants, is approximately 0.55; the potential anthropogenic disturbance index ( The calculated result, considering road density, building cover, noise, and nighttime light, is approximately 0.5; Wildlife Utilization Index ( ): Based on the combined results of species richness, frequency of occurrence, and number of individuals (no deaths were observed), the calculated result is approximately 0.5.

[0092] S3. Based on the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity .

[0093] The comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity is derived from Formula 10. ,

[0094] Formula 10

[0095] , , and The weights for the overall morphological structure index, internal habitat characteristic index, potential human disturbance index, and wildlife utilization index of the corridor are defined as 𝜔form=0.25, 𝜔hab=0.25, 𝜔hum=0.2, and 𝜔wild=0.3.

[0096] This embodiment combines the various indicators according to their weights to derive the corridor connectivity index:

[0097]

[0098] S4. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity Determine the ecological connectivity of the corridor.

[0099] Based on threshold classification, corridor connectivity is divided into four levels: excellent, good, medium, and poor, as shown in Table 1.

[0100] Table 1. Classification of Comprehensive Evaluation Levels for Corridor Connectivity

[0101]

[0102] According to the grading table, the connectivity of this section of the corridor is at a medium level, indicating that the corridor structure is relatively complete, but there are still some habitat limitations, significant human disturbance, and uneven species utilization. Corridor connectivity can be improved by increasing vegetation cover, restoring the herbaceous layer, and reducing noise and nighttime light pollution; this will provide a scientific basis for the planning, construction, renovation, upgrading, and biodiversity conservation of the Suzhou Creek ecological corridor.

[0103] This embodiment also provides an urban ecological corridor connectivity evaluation system based on field observations, including:

[0104] The data acquisition module collects remote sensing data of urban corridors, integrates urban planning maps, land use data, and information such as roads, buildings, and nighttime light indices, constructs an urban geospatial dataset, and prepares wildlife monitoring data, including transect surveys, infrared camera data, and acoustic monitoring data.

[0105] The data processing module calculates the overall morphological structure index of the target corridor based on the collected data. Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Based on the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity According to the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity Determine the connectivity of the corridors of the object;

[0106] The output module is used to visualize the structure and optimization suggestions for the connectivity evaluation of the object corridor;

[0107] The storage module is used to store the collected data and dynamically monitored data for a long time.

[0108] This application also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the above-described method for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations.

[0109] This application also provides a computer, including a computer storage medium according to the above.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting an object corridor and preparing data of the object corridor; S2, calculating the overall morphology structure index of the object corridor according to the overall morphology parameters of the object corridor , calculating the internal habitat feature index according to the internal habitat parameters of the object corridor , calculating the potential human disturbance index according to the human disturbance parameters of the object corridor , calculating the wild animal utilization index according to the wild animal parameters of the object corridor The overall morphology parameters of the object corridor include the length, width, tortuosity, continuity and node density of the corridor, the internal habitat parameters include the vegetation coverage, vegetation hierarchical structure, plant diversity and local species proportion of the corridor, the human disturbance parameters include the road density in the buffer zone of the corridor, building coverage, noise intensity inside the corridor and night light index, and the wild animal parameters include the species richness, appearance frequency, individual quantity and death risk of wild animals; S3, calculating the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index according to the overall morphology structure index , the internal habitat feature index , the potential human disturbance index , and the wild animal utilization index of the object corridor ; S4、According to the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index Judging the ecological connectivity of the corridor. 2.The method according to claim 1, wherein, Step S1 specifically comprises: screening candidate corridors by using GIS spatial analysis tools according to urban green space system planning, ecological source distribution, road network and water system layout, combining urban ecological investigation reports and historical species monitoring data, selecting several corridors with potential value for urban biodiversity protection as object corridors; collecting remote sensing data, integrating information including urban planning maps, land use data and roads, buildings, and night light index, constructing urban geographic spatial data set, and preparing wildlife monitoring data including line transect survey, infrared camera and acoustic monitoring data. 3.The method according to claim 1, wherein, Step S2 specifically comprises: S21: Using high-resolution remote sensing images and combining with GIS software, the length, width, tortuosity, continuity and node density of the corridor are measured, and the overall morphological structure index of the corridor is calculated according to Formula One , ， wherein, represents the actual length, in km, represents the actual width AW, in m, and are obtained by drawing the measurements with GIS software; represents the standard length, in km, represents the standard width, in m, and are determined in accordance with the design or technical requirements of the city planning for the length and width of the corridor; represents the tortuosity, dimensionless, the ratio of the actual length of the corridor to the straight-line distance of the two end points of the corridor; represents the continuity coefficient, dimensionless, the inverse proportional function of the number of broken points of the corridor, calculated according to Equation Two: ， wherein, BP represents the corridor break point, the position where remote sensing interpretation is ≥ 30 m continuous non-vegetation coverage or vegetation effective width < 5 m; represents the node density, the ratio of the number of corridor and physical barrier intersection points to the standard length of the corridor . S22: Through field investigation and remote sensing image interpretation, obtain the corridor vegetation coverage, vegetation hierarchical structure, plant diversity and local species proportion indicators, and calculate the internal habitat characteristic index according to Formula Three : ， wherein, represents vegetation coverage, in %, which is the ratio of vegetation area to total area in the corridor; represents Shannon-Wiener index, dimensionless, which is calculated according to Formula Four based on the number of terrestrial vascular plant species and their coverage obtained by field investigation of the quadrats in the corridor. ， wherein, is the relative cover or individual proportion diversity of the i-th species. The habitat structure index was calculated by investigating the quadrat tree, shrub, herb layer and dominant species, recording shrub density and herb coverage, and using formula five. ， wherein, represents the layer completeness, unit: %, indicating whether the tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer exist in the survey sample plot, all exist is assigned a value of 1, lack of 1 layer is assigned a value of 0.67, lack of 2 layers is assigned a value of 0.33, and all lack is assigned a value of 0; if the importance difference of the sub-index needs to be reflected, the weights of each are determined by expert scoring, and then the weighted average is calculated; Dominance degree of representative species, unit %, relative importance value of dominant species j in arbor layer Related to j≤3, The following is calculated according to formula six: wherein, , and represent the relative cover, relative height and relative diameter at breast height, respectively, of the species j , and the community is considered highly monospecific if the single species > 60%, scores 0.3; if the first three species all < 40%, it indicates balance, scores 1; intermediate cases are scored by linear interpolation. Representing shrub layer density suitability, the score is lower when the deviation from the optimal density interval is larger, calculated according to formula seven: ， wherein is the measured density, is the appropriate density, is the allowable deviation, is taken to be between 0.2 and 0.5; represents the herbaceous cover, in %, obtained by field plot investigation; The proportion of the number of native plant species or the coverage recorded in the corridor quadrat survey to the total number of plant species or coverage; S23: Extracting the human activity intensity information around and inside the corridor by field measurement, GIS analysis or remote sensing image, the human activity intensity information includes the road density in the corridor buffer RD , the building coverage BCR , the noise intensity inside the corridor NI and the night light index NLI , calculating the potential human disturbance index according to Formula Eight : ， wherein represents the ratio of the total length of roads in the buffer zone to the area of the buffer zone, obtained by GIS analysis and then standardized; is the normalized value of building coverage, representing the ratio of the area of building land in the buffer zone to the total area of the buffer zone, obtained by GIS analysis and then standardized; is the normalized value of noise intensity, representing the average noise level inside the corridor, obtained by on-site measurement of sensors and then standardized; is the normalized value of the night light index, representing the average value of the night light intensity grid inside the corridor, obtained by remote sensing data of the night light index; S24: Monitor the species richness, occurrence frequency, individual number and mortality risk of the representative guild of terrestrial wild animals along the corridor, calculate the wild animal utilization index according to Formula Nine , and verify the actual use of the corridor by wild animals: ， All indices in Equation 9 need to be normalized to [0, 1] before calculation; among them, represents species richness, dimensionless, which is the total number of species monitored in the corridor; represents occurrence frequency, which is the proportion of the number of times a species is recorded to the total number of monitoring times; represents abundance, which is the number of individuals of a species; is the normalized value of the number of wildlife roadkill events or other death risks in the corridor. 4.The method according to claim 1, wherein, Step S3 specifically includes: obtaining the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index according to Formula Ten , ， The weights of the overall morphological structure index, the internal habitat characteristic index, the potential human disturbance index and the wild animal utilization index of the corridor, respectively, are defined as = 0.25, = 0.25, = 0.2, = 0.

3. 5.The method of claim 4, wherein, The step S4 specifically comprises: if the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index >0.75, it indicates that the corridor structure of the object corridor is perfect, the habitat is high-quality, the human disturbance is low, the species use is frequent, the high connectivity, and the ecological connectivity of the object corridor is judged as excellent; if the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index 0.5 ≤0.75, it indicates that the corridor structure of the object corridor is relatively complete, the habitat is better, the human disturbance is moderate, the species use is general, the moderate-high connectivity, and the ecological connectivity of the object corridor is judged as good; if the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index 0.25 ≤0.5, it indicates that the corridor of the object corridor exists fracture or narrow section, the habitat is general, the human disturbance is obvious, the species use is limited, the moderate-low connectivity, and the ecological connectivity of the object corridor is judged as medium; if the corridor connectivity comprehensive evaluation index <0.25, it indicates that the corridor of the object corridor is seriously broken, the habitat quality is low, the human disturbance is high, the species use is rare, the low connectivity, and the ecological connectivity of the object corridor is judged as poor.

6. A system for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observations, characterized by, The system is used to realize the method for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observation according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising: a data acquisition module for collecting remote sensing data of the urban corridor, integrating information including urban planning maps, land use data and roads, buildings, and night light index, constructing urban geographic spatial data set, and preparing wildlife monitoring data including line transect survey, infrared camera and acoustic monitoring data; The data processing module calculates the overall morphological structure index of the target corridor based on the collected data. Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Based on the overall morphological structure index of the object corridor Internal habitat characteristic index Potential human interference index Wildlife utilization index Calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity According to the comprehensive evaluation index of corridor connectivity Determine the connectivity of the corridors of the object; an output module for visualizing the connectivity evaluation structure of the object corridor and optimization suggestions; a storage module for long-term storage of collected data and dynamically monitored data.

7. A computer storage medium, characterized in that The computer storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the method for evaluating the connectivity of urban ecological corridors based on field observation according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer, characterized in that The computer storage medium comprises the computer storage medium according to claim 7.

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