Nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect and preparation method thereof
By incorporating gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, nano-iron oxide, and carbon nanotubes into nylon, a nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect was prepared, solving the problems of flexibility and environmental pollution of traditional shielding materials and achieving a highly efficient gamma-ray shielding effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511324502.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
AI Technical Summary
Traditional gamma-ray shielding materials such as lead plates and concrete have problems such as high density, poor flexibility, difficult processing, opacity and environmental pollution, making them difficult to apply to flexible protective equipment and portable devices. Furthermore, existing nylon composite materials lack effective gamma-ray shielding performance.
By adding a specific proportion of radiation-shielding fillers, such as gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, nano-iron oxide, and carbon nanotubes, to nylon, a nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect was prepared. This material was prepared using a twin-screw extruder melt extrusion process.
It achieves effective gamma ray shielding of nylon composite materials, improves the material's flexibility and environmental friendliness, and is suitable for a variety of application scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0005599357110000051
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer composite materials technology, specifically to a nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with extremely high energy and extremely short wavelengths. They are most commonly defined as high-frequency electromagnetic radiation produced when transitions occur within the atomic nucleus. Gamma rays have extremely strong penetrating power and are commonly used in medical, industrial, and scientific research fields. With the rapid development and widespread application of nuclear energy technology, the demand for radiation protection in various application areas is increasing. Traditional gamma-ray shielding materials mainly include lead plates, concrete, and lead-containing glass. However, lead materials have significant drawbacks such as high density, poor flexibility, difficulty in processing, opacity, and the biological toxicity and environmental pollution caused by lead, limiting their application in flexible protective equipment, portable devices, and scenarios with high environmental friendliness requirements. While concrete is less expensive, it also suffers from high density, large volume, and difficulty in molding into complex structures, and is mostly used for shielding fixed facilities.
[0003] Nylon (polyamide, PA), as an important engineering plastic, is widely used in industrial fields due to its excellent mechanical strength, wear resistance, heat resistance, chemical stability, and good processing performance. Therefore, a nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding properties has significant application value. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding function and a method for preparing the same.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0006] This invention first provides a nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
[0007] Nylon 70-100 parts; radiation shielding filler 15-30 parts; antioxidant 0.5-1 part; lubricant 0.5-1 part;
[0008] The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are selected from one or more of gadolinium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide.
[0009] This invention provides a novel nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding properties. Studies have shown that by adding radiation-shielding fillers to nylon, the nylon composite material prepared in this invention has gamma-ray shielding properties.
[0010] Preferably, the nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0011] 80 parts nylon; 20 parts radiation shielding filler; 1 part antioxidant; 1 part lubricant.
[0012] Preferably, the nylon is selected from nylon 6.
[0013] Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 1098.
[0014] Preferably, the lubricant is selected from calcium stearate.
[0015] Preferably, the radiation shielding filler is prepared by the following method:
[0016] (1) Take the raw materials for the preparation of radiation shielding filler and put them into a ball mill, add ball milling media, and ball mill for 1 to 5 hours to obtain a ball milling mixture;
[0017] (2) Place the ball-milled mixture into a muffle furnace and heat it to 600-800℃ under inert gas protection for 1-3 hours; after the heat treatment is completed, take the solid product to obtain the radiation shielding filler.
[0018] Preferably, the milling media used in step (1) are zirconia balls with a diameter of 6 to 10 mm.
[0019] Preferably, the milling media used in step (1) are zirconia balls with a diameter of 8 mm.
[0020] Preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 2 to 4:1.
[0021] Most preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 3:1.
[0022] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are selected from a combination of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide.
[0023] Preferably, the weight ratio of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide is 5-15:3-6:1-5.
[0024] Most preferably, the weight ratio of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide is 10:5:3.
[0025] Further research by the inventors revealed that adding radiation shielding filler prepared by the above-mentioned method of the present invention using gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide as raw materials to nylon can give the prepared nylon composite material a better gamma ray shielding effect.
[0026] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler also include nano-iron oxide and carbon nanotubes.
[0027] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are selected from a combination of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, nano-iron oxide, and carbon nanotubes.
[0028] Preferably, the weight ratio of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, nano-iron oxide, and carbon nanotubes is 5-15:3-6:1-5:1-3:1-3.
[0029] Most preferably, the weight ratio of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, nano-iron oxide, and carbon nanotubes is 10:5:3:1:1.
[0030] Preferably, the carbon nanotubes are multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
[0031] Further research by the inventors revealed that by adding nano-iron oxide and carbon nanotubes to the raw materials composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide, the radiation shielding filler can be further and significantly improved to enhance the gamma ray shielding effect of nylon composite materials.
[0032] In this study, the inventors also discovered that in the raw materials composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide, radiation shielding fillers prepared by nano-iron oxide and carbon nanotubes must be added simultaneously to further significantly improve the gamma ray shielding effect of nylon composite materials; however, simply adding radiation shielding fillers prepared by nano-iron oxide or carbon nanotubes alone cannot further significantly improve the gamma ray shielding effect of nylon composite materials.
[0033] This invention also provides a method for preparing a nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect, which includes the following steps:
[0034] The nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect is obtained by uniformly mixing nylon, radiation shielding filler, antioxidant and lubricant, then melting and extruding it through a twin-screw extruder and pelletizing it.
[0035] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a novel nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding properties; research shows that by adding radiation-shielding fillers to nylon, the prepared nylon composite material has good gamma-ray shielding properties; it has significant application value. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way.
[0037] The raw materials used in the following examples are all conventional raw materials that can be purchased by those skilled in the art through conventional purchasing channels.
[0038] Example 1: Preparation of Nylon Composite Material with Gamma-Ray Shielding Function
[0039] Raw material composition by weight: 80 parts nylon (nylon 6); 20 parts radiation shielding filler; 1 part antioxidant (antioxidant 1098); 1 part lubricant (calcium stearate).
[0040] The radiation shielding filler is prepared by the following method:
[0041] (1) Take the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler and put them into a ball mill. Add the ball milling media and ball mill for 3 hours to obtain a ball milling mixture. The weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 3:1. The ball milling media used is zirconia balls with a diameter of 8 mm. The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide in a weight ratio of 10:5:3.
[0042] (2) The ball-milled mixture is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 700°C for 2 hours under inert gas protection. After the heat treatment is completed, the solid product is taken to obtain the radiation shielding filler.
[0043] Preparation method: Nylon, radiation shielding filler, antioxidant and lubricant are mixed evenly and then melt-extruded by twin-screw extruder and pelletized to obtain the nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect.
[0044] Example 2: Preparation of Nylon Composite Material with Gamma-Ray Shielding Function
[0045] Raw material composition by weight: 80 parts nylon (nylon 6); 20 parts radiation shielding filler; 1 part antioxidant (antioxidant 1098); 1 part lubricant (calcium stearate).
[0046] The radiation shielding filler is prepared by the following method:
[0047] (1) Take the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler and put them into a ball mill. Add the ball milling media and ball mill for 3 hours to obtain a ball milling mixture. The weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 3:1. The ball milling media used is zirconia balls with a diameter of 8 mm. The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, nano iron oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a weight ratio of 10:5:3:1:1.
[0048] (2) The ball-milled mixture is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 700°C for 2 hours under inert gas protection. After the heat treatment is completed, the solid product is taken to obtain the radiation shielding filler.
[0049] Preparation method: Nylon, radiation shielding filler, antioxidant and lubricant are mixed evenly and then melt-extruded by twin-screw extruder and pelletized to obtain the nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect.
[0050] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of Nylon Composite Material with Gamma-Ray Shielding Effect
[0051] Raw material composition by weight: 80 parts nylon (nylon 6); 20 parts radiation shielding filler; 1 part antioxidant (antioxidant 1098); 1 part lubricant (calcium stearate).
[0052] The radiation shielding filler is prepared by the following method:
[0053] (1) Take the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler and put them into a ball mill. Add the ball milling media and ball mill for 3 hours to obtain a ball milling mixture. The weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 3:1. The ball milling media used is zirconia balls with a diameter of 8 mm. The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide and nano iron oxide in a weight ratio of 10:5:3:2.
[0054] (2) The ball-milled mixture is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 700°C for 2 hours under inert gas protection. After the heat treatment is completed, the solid product is taken to obtain the radiation shielding filler.
[0055] Preparation method: Nylon, radiation shielding filler, antioxidant and lubricant are mixed evenly and then melt-extruded by twin-screw extruder and pelletized to obtain the nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect.
[0056] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of Nylon Composite Material with Gamma-Ray Shielding Effect
[0057] Raw material composition by weight: 80 parts nylon (nylon 6); 20 parts radiation shielding filler; 1 part antioxidant (antioxidant 1098); 1 part lubricant (calcium stearate).
[0058] The radiation shielding filler is prepared by the following method:
[0059] (1) Take the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler and put them into a ball mill. Add the ball milling media and ball mill for 3 hours to obtain a ball milling mixture. The weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 3:1. The ball milling media used is zirconia balls with a diameter of 8 mm. The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a weight ratio of 10:5:3:2.
[0060] (2) The ball-milled mixture is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 700°C for 2 hours under inert gas protection. After the heat treatment is completed, the solid product is taken to obtain the radiation shielding filler.
[0061] Preparation method: Nylon, radiation shielding filler, antioxidant and lubricant are mixed evenly and then melt-extruded by twin-screw extruder and pelletized to obtain the nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect.
[0062] The nylon composite materials with gamma-ray shielding effect prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were made into test plates with a thickness of 1 mm. The gamma-ray shielding effectiveness of the composite material of the present invention was tested according to the method in ASTM E835 / E835M-93 (2002) standard. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0063] Table 1. Experimental Results of Gamma-Ray Shielding Effectiveness
[0064]
[0065] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the gamma-ray shielding effectiveness of the nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect prepared in Example 1 reached 35dB. This shows that adding radiation shielding filler prepared by the above method of the present invention using gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide as raw materials to nylon can make the prepared nylon composite material have a better gamma-ray shielding effect.
[0066] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect prepared in Example 2 is significantly better than that in Example 1. This indicates that by further adding nano-iron oxide and carbon nanotubes to the raw materials composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide, the radiation shielding filler can be prepared, which can further significantly improve the gamma-ray shielding effect of the nylon composite material.
[0067] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the gamma-ray shielding effect of the nylon composite materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is not significantly improved compared with Example 1, and the improvement is much smaller than that of Example 2. This indicates that in the raw materials composed of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide, it is necessary to simultaneously add radiation shielding fillers prepared by nano-iron oxide and carbon nanotubes to further significantly improve the gamma-ray shielding effect of the nylon composite material. However, simply adding radiation shielding fillers prepared by nano-iron oxide or carbon nanotubes alone cannot significantly improve the gamma-ray shielding effect of the nylon composite material.
Claims
1. A nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect, characterized in that, It contains the following components in parts by weight: Nylon 70-100 parts; radiation shielding filler 15-30 parts; antioxidant 0.5-1 part; lubricant 0.5-1 part; The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are selected from one or more of gadolinium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide.
2. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, It contains the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts nylon; 20 parts radiation shielding filler; 1 part antioxidant; 1 part lubricant.
3. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation shielding filler is prepared by the following method: (1) Take the raw materials for the preparation of radiation shielding filler and put them into a ball mill, add ball milling media, and ball mill for 1 to 5 hours to obtain a ball milling mixture; (2) Place the ball-milled mixture into a muffle furnace and heat it to 600-800℃ under inert gas protection for 1-3 hours; after the heat treatment is completed, take the solid product to obtain the radiation shielding filler.
4. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ball milling media used in step (1) are zirconia balls with a diameter of 6 to 10 mm.
5. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grinding media used in step (1) are zirconia balls with a diameter of 8 mm.
6. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (1), the weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 2 to 4:
1. Most preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler to the ball milling media is 3:
1.
7. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the radiation shielding filler are selected from a combination of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide.
8. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide and bismuth oxide is 5-15:3-6:1-5.
9. The nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to claim 8, characterized in that, The weight ratio of gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxide is 10:5:
3.
10. A method for preparing the nylon composite material with gamma-ray shielding effect according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The nylon composite material with gamma ray shielding effect is obtained by uniformly mixing nylon, radiation shielding filler, antioxidant and lubricant, then melting and extruding it through a twin-screw extruder and pelletizing it.