Automatic centering device for combined assembly of turbochargers

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic centering device for combined assembly of turbochargers. The automatic centering device comprises a support frame, a centering device and a centering device, wherein the support frame is used for integrally mounting and supporting; the displacement assembly is installed on the supporting frame and can move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; the centering assembly is provided with a core body combined clamping jaw module used for grabbing the turbocharger core body; the floating mechanism plate is matched with the linear bearing through a steel ball roller pin, so that the clamping jaw module can flexibly float in a radial plane; the plug pin air cylinder can stretch out and lock the floating mechanism plate in the grabbing stage, and the grabbing positioning precision is guaranteed. Radial deviation is automatically eliminated in the pressing process, precise centering is achieved, damage to parts is avoided, the structure is reliable, and applicability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turbocharger technology, and more specifically, to an automatic centering device for turbocharger assembly. Background Technology

[0002] The turbocharger is a key component of modern internal combustion engines, and its performance and reliability directly affect engine efficiency. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the turbocharger mainly consists of the turbine casing (b) and the core body (a). The assembly of these two components is a crucial step. If there is a misalignment in their coaxiality, it will cause friction and scraping between the rotor system (turbine impeller and compressor impeller) and stationary parts (such as sealing rings and air seals), leading to component damage, reduced efficiency, and even the complete failure of the turbocharger.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream assembly processes rely on manual visual positioning or simple guide pins for initial positioning, followed by forced tightening with bolts. This method has obvious drawbacks, and in automated assembly, the rigid limiting and pressing of robotic arms can more easily lead to forced hard contact between the core body and the turbine casing end face, causing scratches or even breakage of the components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automatic alignment device for turbocharger assembly, which can automatically eliminate radial deviation during the pressing process of the core body and the turbine housing, achieve precise alignment, avoid damage to parts, and is applicable to automated assembly lines.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic alignment device for turbocharger assembly, comprising: The support frame is constructed as a high-rigidity gantry frame, including the top plate; The displacement assembly, mounted on the support frame, includes a guide shaft fixing plate that can move relative to the top plate along the X-axis and Z-axis directions. The guide shaft fixing plate has support parts at the four corners below it. The support parts are connected to the four corner edges of the guide shaft fixing plate. The side of the support parts facing the guide shaft fixing plate has a groove. The centering component includes a fixed plate and a floating plate arranged from bottom to top. The core assembly clamping jaw module is connected below the fixed plate. The floating plate has steel ball roller pins at the four corners of its lower side. The floating plate is assembled between four support parts. The steel balls of the steel ball roller pins are conically matched with the grooves on the support parts. The diameter of the grooves is larger than the diameter of the steel balls of the steel ball roller pins. The upper side of the fixed plate and the lower side of the floating plate are connected by several evenly distributed floating sliding pins. The steel ball roller pins and the floating sliding pins are evenly distributed and staggered. The upper side of the floating plate has pin holes arranged symmetrically with respect to the center. The guide shaft fixing plate is further provided with at least two bolt cylinders capable of extending bolts to the floating plate, the bolt cylinders are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the guide shaft fixing plate, the bolts can be inserted into the pin holes and are in transition fit.

[0006] A pressure sensor is installed between the fixing plate and the floating plate to detect the pressure acting between the fixing plate and the floating plate when the floating sliding pin is compressed.

[0007] A matching spherical cap groove and a steel universal ball are arranged in the middle of the upper side of the floating plate and the lower side of the guide shaft fixing plate respectively, and the spherical cap groove is conically matched with the steel universal ball.

[0008] A linear bearing is arranged on the lower side of the floating plate, and the floating sliding pin is inserted into the linear bearing.

[0009] The support frame comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and guide rods, four guide rods are connected between the four corners of the top plate and the bottom plate to form a high-rigidity gantry frame, a rectangular window is formed in the middle of the top plate to provide an X-axis moving space for a displacement assembly, two guide rails are arranged on the top plate in the X-axis direction and are symmetrically arranged outside two opposite sides of the rectangular window.

[0010] The displacement assembly comprises an X-axis linear module, a Z-axis linear module, a combined movable plate, a guide shaft connecting plate and guide shafts, the combined movable plate is slidably connected with the guide rails, and the X-axis linear module is used to drive the combined movable plate to slide; the four corners of the combined movable plate are penetrated by the guide shafts and are slidably connected with the guide shafts, the upper end and the lower end of the guide shafts are fixed with the guide shaft connecting plate and the guide shaft fixing plate respectively, the Z-axis linear module is used to drive the guide shaft fixing plate to move up and down relative to the combined movable plate, the fixed part of the Z-axis linear module is connected with the combined movable plate, the movable part of the Z-axis linear module is connected with the guide shaft connecting plate, and the linear displacement sensor is used to detect the moving distance of the guide shaft connecting plate.

[0011] Linear bearings are arranged at the four corners of the combined movable plate and are slidably matched with the guide shafts.

[0012] When the core body is horizontally moved to the turbine pressure shell, the bolt cylinders are inserted into the bolts from the pin holes, and when the core body is vertically moved to the center of the turbine pressure shell, the bolt cylinders are pulled out of the bolts from the pin holes.

[0013] The automatic centering mechanism of the application can automatically eliminate radial deviation during pressing and realize precise centering, avoid part damage, and has reliable structure and strong applicability: the mechanism structure is compact, the principle is reliable, and the automatic centering mechanism is suitable for automatic assembly line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a pipeline structure comprising the automatic centering mechanism of the application. Figure 2 Assembled schematic diagram of turbocharger of the present application; Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 4 Support frame schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 5 Displacement assembly schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 6 Centering assembly schematic diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to enable a clearer understanding of the technical content of the present application, the following examples are described in detail, the purpose of which is only to better understand the content of the present application and not to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0016] As Figures 3-6 shown, a turbocharger assembled automatic centering device, comprising a support frame 10, the upper end surface of the support frame 10 is provided with a displacement assembly 20 and a centering assembly 30 connected with the lower end of the displacement assembly 20.

[0017] The support frame 10 includes a bottom plate 100, a top plate 103 and a guide rod 102, the bottom plate 100 includes a first bottom plate 100a and a second bottom plate 100b, which are respectively fixed on the equipment as a base. The first guide rod 102a and the second guide rod 102b are respectively fixed in the first guide rod support 101a and the second guide rod support 101b at both ends of the first bottom plate 100a. The third guide rod 102c and the fourth guide rod 102d are respectively fixed in the third guide rod support 101c and the fourth guide rod support 101d at both ends of the second bottom plate 100b. The top plate 103 is horizontally fixed at the top end of the first guide rod 102a, the second guide rod 102b, the third guide rod 103c and the fourth guide rod 104d respectively, which ensures the stability and load-bearing capacity of the automatic centering mechanism support frame 10. The top plate 103 is a hollow structure, forming a rectangular window in the middle to provide X-axis moving space for the displacement assembly 20, and the top plate 103 is provided with a first guide rail 200a and a second guide rail 200b arranged along the X-axis direction, which are symmetrically arranged outside two opposite sides of the rectangular window.

[0018] Further, the displacement assembly 20 comprises an X-axis translation mechanism and a Z-axis linear module 207. The X-axis translation mechanism comprises an X-axis linear module 202, a combined movable plate 201, and a power transmission block 203. The bottom surface of the combined movable plate 201 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 200a and the second guide rail 200b arranged in parallel. The X-axis linear module 202 is fixed to the side of the second guide rail 200b away from the first guide rail 200a. The power transmission block 203 is slidably connected to the X-axis linear module 202 and fixedly connected to the combined movable plate 201. The X-axis linear module 202 drives the combined movable plate 201 to displace on the X-axis at high speed and high precision and stably. The four corners of the combined movable plate 201 are penetrated by the first guide shaft 205a, the second guide shaft 205b, the third guide shaft 205c, and the fourth guide shaft 205d arranged vertically. The guide shaft connecting plate 205 is fixed to the top end of the first guide shaft 205a, the second guide shaft 205b, the third guide shaft 205c, and the fourth guide shaft 205d at the four corners, respectively. The middle part of the guide shaft connecting plate 205 is hollowed out to form a gap to provide vertical movement space for the Z-axis linear module 207 to move relative to the guide shaft connecting plate 205. The upper part of the combined movable plate 201 is further connected to the lower end of the Z-axis linear module 207. The upper end of the Z-axis linear module 207 extends out of the gap of the guide shaft connecting plate 205. The slider of the Z-axis linear module 207 is connected to the guide shaft connecting plate 205, which is used to move the guide shaft connecting plate 205 in the Z-axis direction. The linear displacement sensor 206 is used to detect the displacement of the guide shaft connecting plate 205 relative to the combined movable plate 201 in the Z-axis direction. The centering assembly 30 is installed at the lower end of the first guide shaft 205a, the second guide shaft 205b, the third guide shaft 205c, and the fourth guide shaft 205d. The centering assembly 30 is supported by the four groups of guide shafts to displace in the Z-axis direction at high speed, high precision, and stability. Combined with the linear displacement sensor 206, the data of the displacement in the Z-axis direction is accurately detected to provide accurate position feedback, making the combined action more safe and controllable.

[0019] Further, the first guide shaft 205a, the second guide shaft 205b, the third guide shaft 205c, and the fourth guide shaft 205d extend from the bottom of the combined movable plate 201 and are fixedly connected with the guide shaft fixing plate 305. The four corners of the guide shaft fixing plate 305 are bent downward by 90° and extend to a set length, and then are bent by 90° toward the center of the guide shaft fixing plate 305 to form a supporting part 311. The centering assembly 30 is suspended between the supporting part 311 and the guide shaft fixing plate 305. The centering assembly 30 comprises, from bottom to top, a fixed plate 301 and a floating plate 304. The fixed plate 301 is connected with the core combined jaw module 300 below and can be used to grab the core of the turbocharger. The lower side of the floating plate 304 is evenly provided with a first linear bearing 306a and a first floating sliding pin 307a assembled therein, a second linear bearing 306b and a second floating sliding pin 307b assembled therein, a third linear bearing 306c and a third floating sliding pin 307c assembled therein, and a fourth linear bearing 306d and a fourth floating sliding pin 307d assembled therein. The upper side of the fixed plate 301 is connected with the lower side of the floating plate 304 through the four floating sliding pins. A pressure sensor mounting plate 302 is fixed to the upper side of the fixed plate 301. A pressure sensor 303 is mounted between the pressure sensor mounting plate 302 and the floating plate 304 and is pressed by the two. When the core combined jaw module 300 grabs the core for combined assembly, the pressure sensor 303 accurately measures and monitors the pressure applied during the pressing process, so as to ensure that the core of the turbocharger is pressed to the specified position and forms a correct and reliable interference fit.

[0020] A spherical cap groove 309x is arranged on the upper side of the floating plate 304, and a pin hole 308c is symmetrically arranged relative to the spherical cap groove 309x. A steel universal ball 309 is arranged on the lower side of the guide shaft fixing plate 305. The first insertion pin cylinder 308a and the second insertion pin cylinder 308b are assembled on the guide shaft fixing plate 305 and are symmetrically arranged relative to the steel universal ball 309. The insertion pins of the first insertion pin cylinder 308a and the second insertion pin cylinder 308b can be inserted into the pin hole 308c on the upper side of the floating plate 304. The steel universal ball 309 can be embedded in the spherical cap groove 309x on the upper side of the floating plate 304. When the core combined jaw module 300 needs to grab and carry the core, the first insertion pin cylinder 308a and the second insertion pin cylinder 308b simultaneously extend the diamond-shaped insertion pins to fix the floating plate 304. At this time, the core combined jaw module 300 is limited and cannot float, so as to meet the position accuracy during grabbing and carrying. The diameter of the spherical cap groove 309x is greater than that of the steel universal ball 309.

[0021] Further, the lower side of the floating plate 304 is provided with a first steel ball roller pin 310a, a second steel ball roller pin 310b, a third steel ball roller pin 310c and a fourth steel ball roller pin 310d at the four corners, and the horizontal surface inside the four supporting portions 311 below the guide shaft fixing plate 305 is provided with a groove capable of inserting the steel ball roller pin. The groove has a diameter greater than the size of the steel ball surface of the steel ball roller pin. When the core body assembly clamp jaw module 300 grabs the core body for assembly centering, the first latch cylinder 308a and the second latch cylinder 308b are operated first to pull out the latch from the pin hole of the floating plate 304, the core body assembly clamp jaw module 300 grabs the core body and descends towards the turbine shell, when the core body contacts the turbine shell, the steel ball surface of the steel ball roller pin is aligned with the groove of the supporting portion 311 and is supported by each other, through the principle of conical surface guidance, the radial deviation is automatically compensated, the core body pushes the floating plate 304 to move horizontally and slightly relative to the supporting portion 311, and finally the core body and the turbine shell are assembled flexibly, and the centering accuracy is high.

[0022] The above only describes the best embodiments of the present application, but cannot be understood as a limitation on the claims. The present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure allows changes. Any changes made within the protection scope of the independent claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic alignment device for turbocharger assembly, characterized in that, include: The support frame (10) is constructed as a high-rigidity gantry frame, including a top plate (103); The displacement assembly (20) is mounted on the support frame (10) and includes a guide shaft fixing plate (305) that can move relative to the top plate (103) along the X-axis and Z-axis directions. The guide shaft fixing plate (305) has a support portion (311) at the lower corner of each of its four corners. The support portion (311) is connected to the four corner edges of the guide shaft fixing plate (305). The support portion (311) has a groove on the side facing the guide shaft fixing plate (305). The centering component (30) includes a fixed plate (301) and a floating plate (304) arranged from bottom to top. The fixed plate (301) is connected to the core assembly clamping jaw module (300) below. The floating plate (304) has steel ball roller pins (310) at the four corners of its lower side. The floating plate (304) is assembled between four support parts (311). The steel balls of the steel ball roller pins (310) are conically matched with the grooves on the support parts (311). The diameter of the grooves is larger than the diameter of the steel balls of the steel ball roller pins (310). The upper side of the fixed plate (301) and the lower side of the floating plate (304) are connected by a number of evenly distributed floating sliding pins (307). The steel ball roller pins (310) and the floating sliding pins (307) are evenly distributed and staggered. The upper side of the floating plate (304) has pin holes arranged symmetrically with respect to the center. The guide shaft fixing plate (305) is also equipped with at least two pin cylinders (308) that can extend pins to the floating plate (304). The pin cylinders (308) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the guide shaft fixing plate (305). The pins can be inserted into the pin holes and transition fit.

2. The turbocharger assembly automatic alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (303) is installed between the fixed plate (301) and the floating plate (304) to detect the pressure of the interaction between the fixed plate (301) and the floating plate (304) when the floating sliding pin (307) is compressed.

3. The turbocharger assembly automatic alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper side of the floating plate (304) and the lower side of the guide shaft fixing plate (305) are respectively centrally arranged with a spherical crown groove (309x) and a steel universal ball (309), which cooperate with each other. The spherical crown groove (309x) and the steel universal ball (309) are conically matched.

4. The turbocharger assembly automatic alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating plate (304) is provided with a linear bearing (306) on its lower side, and a floating sliding pin (307) is inserted into the linear bearing (306).

5. The turbocharger assembly automatic alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (10) includes a top plate (103), a bottom plate (100), and guide rods (102). The four corners of the top plate (103) and the bottom plate (100) are connected by four guide rods (102) to form a high-rigidity gantry frame. A rectangular window is formed in the middle of the top plate (103) to provide X-axis movement space for the displacement component (20). Two guide rails (200) are provided on the top plate (103) along the X-axis direction and are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the two opposite sides of the rectangular window.

6. The automatic alignment device for turbocharger assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement component (20) includes an X-axis linear module (202), a Z-axis linear module (207), a mounting movable plate (201), a guide shaft connecting plate (205), and a guide shaft. The mounting movable plate (201) is slidably connected to the guide rail (200). The X-axis linear module (202) is used to drive the mounting movable plate (201) to slide. The four corners of the mounting movable plate (201) are respectively penetrated and slidably connected by the guide shaft. The upper and lower ends of the guide shaft are respectively fixed to guide shafts. The Z-axis connecting plate (205) and the guide shaft fixing plate (305) are provided. The Z-axis linear module (207) is used to drive the guide shaft fixing plate (305) to move up and down relative to the assembled movable plate (201). The fixed part of the Z-axis linear module (207) is connected to the assembled movable plate (201), and the movable part of the Z-axis linear module (207) is connected to the guide shaft connecting plate (205). The linear displacement sensor (206) is used to detect the moving distance of the guide shaft connecting plate (205).

7. The turbocharger assembly automatic alignment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The four corners of the assembled movable plate (201) are provided with linear bearings that slide with the guide shaft.

8. The turbocharger assembly automatic alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the core body is gripped and moved horizontally toward the turbine casing by the gripping claw module (300), the pin cylinder (308) inserts a pin through the pin hole. When the core body is gripped and moved vertically toward the turbine casing for alignment, the pin cylinder (308) pulls the pin out of the pin hole.

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