An apparatus for making a textured ceramic cutting tool

Abstract

The application discloses a device for preparing a textured ceramic cutter and belongs to the technical field of ceramic cutting tools. The device is characterized in that a ceramic core rod is placed in a circular table cavity, long strip beta-silicon nitride whiskers are added into ceramic slurry of the ceramic core rod, the ceramic slurry slowly flows into the circular table cavity under the action of gravity, the circular table cavity slowly rotates and slowly moves away from the ceramic core rod, the movement of the circular table cavity relative to the ceramic core rod is oblique movement, the ceramic core rod slowly covers the surface slurry under the action of the oblique speed of the circular table cavity, and the long strip beta-silicon nitride whiskers mostly present the same movement direction under the movement, so that the effect of texturing the outer structure of the ceramic cutter is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramic cutting tool technology, and more particularly to an apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern machining, especially in high-end manufacturing industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and energy equipment, precision cutting operations on metals and composite materials place extremely high demands on tool performance. However, cutting tools made of traditional cemented carbide, ceramics, or superhard materials, which are currently widely used, generally suffer from technical bottlenecks such as short service life and rapid wear rate.

[0003] Silicon nitride ceramic cutting tools combine near-diamond hardness, significantly better impact toughness than alumina, and thermal conductivity far exceeding that of most ceramic materials. This allows for rapid heat dissipation during cutting, and the low coefficient of thermal expansion greatly reduces the risk of plastic deformation caused by thermal stress concentration at the tool tip. Therefore, it is one of the most suitable materials for use as cutting tools.

[0004] During the processing of ceramic knives, due to their rotational working characteristics, the overall force direction is oblique. The β-whisker structure of silicon nitride is stable and elongated. If the β-whiskers can be arranged along the force direction of the ceramic knife, exhibiting a textured structure, it will greatly improve the working life and stability of the ceramic knife. However, the ceramic knife itself has a cylindrical structure, and it is difficult to control its whiskers to exhibit a spiral arrangement during the sintering process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The innovation of this invention lies in the invention of an apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools. A ceramic core rod (13) is placed in a frustum cavity (6). Long strips of β-silicon nitride whiskers are added to the ceramic slurry of the ceramic core rod (13). The ceramic slurry flows slowly into the frustum cavity (6) under the action of gravity. The frustum cavity (6) rotates slowly and moves away from the ceramic core rod (13). The movement of the frustum cavity (6) relative to the ceramic core rod (13) is oblique. Under the oblique speed of the frustum cavity (6), the ceramic core rod (13) slowly covers the surface slurry, making it thicker and thicker. Under this movement, most of the long strips of β-silicon nitride whiskers are distributed in the same direction of movement, achieving the effect of texturing the external structure of the ceramic cutting tool.

[0006] An apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools, characterized by: a fluid pump (1), a fixed column (2), a vertical transmission device (3), a horizontal transmission device (4), a slurry collection tray (5), a frustum cavity (6), a grouting pipe (7), a mandrel (13), a hollow cylinder (11), a hollow frustum (12), and a grouting hole (14); the fixed column (2) is connected to the vertically movable vertical transmission device (3); the frustum cavity (6) is connected to the slurry collection tray (5), and the slurry collection tray (5) is connected to the horizontal transmission device (4). The three components form an integrated structure; the vertical transmission device (3) controls the vertical up and down movement of the integrated structure; the frustum cavity (6) can rotate under the power of the horizontal transmission device (4); the slurry collection plate (5) is fixed to the horizontal transmission device (4); the core rod (13) is fixed by the grouting pipe (7); the grouting pipe (7) and the core rod (13) have grouting holes (14) at their fixed ends; the upper part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is a hollow cylinder (11), and the lower part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity is a hollow frustum (12).

[0007] Optionally, the bottom of the frustum cavity (6) is hollow to allow slurry to flow out; the slurry outlet has a conduit to guide the slurry collection tray (5). Optionally, the slurry collection tray (5) has a round hole in the middle for placing the drive shaft of the horizontal transmission device (4).

[0008] Optionally, when the device is working, both the vertical transmission device (3) and the horizontal transmission device (4) move at a constant speed in a single direction.

[0009] Optionally, the connection between the mandrel (13) and the grouting pipe (7) has a groove structure, which is used to fix the mandrel (13) and the grouting pipe (7) together.

[0010] Optionally, the method of use is as follows: the mandrel (13) and the frustum cavity (6) are on the same vertical center line, and the mandrel (13) and the frustum cavity (6) are in a state of being about to contact but not yet in contact. The fluid pump (1) is started, and the fluid pump (1) delivers slurry to the grouting pipe (7). The slurry is sprayed out in the grouting hole (14). When the slurry covers the inner wall of the frustum cavity (6) below the grouting hole (14), the vertical transmission device (3) and the horizontal transmission device (4) are started at the same time. The horizontal transmission device drives the frustum cavity (6) to rotate. The vertical transmission device (3) carries the integrated structure away from the mandrel (13). When the mandrel (13) is located at the position of the cavity cylinder (11) of the frustum cavity (6), the fluid pump (1), the vertical transmission device (3), and the horizontal transmission device (4) are stopped, and the work of an apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools is completed. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0012] Figure 1 For the structural diagram of the fabrication of textured ceramic cutting tool device, the following components are labeled: fluid pump (1), fixed column (2), vertical transmission device (3), horizontal transmission device (4), slurry collection tray (5), frustum cavity (6), and grouting pipe (7). Figure 2 A partial view of the working starting position of the frustum cavity (6) and the mandrel (13), labeled: mandrel (13), cavity cylinder (11), cavity frustum (12), grouting hole (14). Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a ceramic cutting tool. Figure 4 A conceptual diagram of the whisker distribution in ceramic cutting tools. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described. They do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0014] The cutting tool used in this embodiment is model RCEM 120H4R150S, and its structural diagram is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The left side is the cutting part, i.e., the cutter head, which is the main part of this device. The right side is the cutter body, which can be replaced with tungsten carbide. If the cutter body is made of tungsten carbide, the cutter body and the cutter head are connected by brazing. The outer diameter of this model of silicon nitride cutter head is 12.0 mm.

[0015] 1. Prepare a mixed slurry, in which silicon nitride β whiskers with a stable structure must be added.

[0016] 2. Preparation of core rod (13): The core rod (13) is a cylinder with a groove on one side for connection with the fixing device. The core rod (13) is a conventionally sintered silicon nitride material with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 4 cm. The surface of the core rod (13) is rough.

[0017] 3. Preparation of the frustum cavity (6): The lower part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is a frustum structure, and the upper part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is a cylinder. The inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. The lower end of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is less than 6mm. The diameter of the frustum cavity (6) is the same as the tool model prepared in this study, which is 12mm. The diameter of the cylinder in the upper part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is also 12mm. The outer surface shape of the frustum cavity (6) is proportional to that of the inner cavity. The frustum cavity (6) is connected to two motors. One motor is responsible for the rotation of the frustum cavity (6) around the vertical center line, and the other motor is responsible for controlling the dimensional rotation, driving the frustum cavity (6) to move downward. The inner wall of the frustum cavity (6) has a rough structure.

[0018] 4. Fix the mandrel (13) vertically. The fixed end of the mandrel (13) has 8 small mixing slurry spray outlets. The mixing slurry is sprayed out by a fluid pump (1).

[0019] 5. Keep the frustum cavity (6) and the mandrel (13) on the same center line. The frustum cavity (6) covers the mandrel (13). The mandrel (13) is kept vertical. Enter the working preparation state. In the working preparation state, the mandrel (13) and the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) are in a state of almost contact but not in contact.

[0020] 6. Start the fluid pump (1). The mixed slurry is sprayed from the 8 nozzles onto the inner wall of the frustum cavity (6) to cover it. The mixed slurry is continuously and slowly sprayed out. At the same time, start the horizontal power device and the vertical power device, i.e., the two motors connected to the frustum cavity (6). The two motors control the linear velocity of the inner wall of the frustum cavity to 0.8 m / h and control the downward movement speed of the frustum cavity (6) to 0.8 m / h. Under the movement law of the two, the inner wall of the frustum cavity (6) moves at 45° relative to the mandrel (13). The movement of the inner wall of the frustum cavity (6) and the mixed slurry on the inner wall can be understood as a pair of hands constantly smearing around the mandrel (13) at a 45° angle. The mixed slurry is covered with irregular β-silicon nitride whiskers. Under the smearing of "a pair of hands", about 80% of the β-silicon nitride whiskers will fall in the direction of 45° angle, such as Figure 4 As shown in the conceptual diagram, the textured effect of the silicon nitride tool is achieved. After the motor moves for about 15 minutes, the mandrel (13) moves to the position of the cylinder inside the frustum cavity (6) and stops. After standing for half an hour, the frustum cavity (6) is opened and the automatically formed tool blank is taken out.

[0021] 7. After the tool blank is removed, excess powder is removed according to the cylindrical shape. The cylindrical blank formed under this process has a textured structure, but it is not dense. It needs to be molded after degreasing. During the molding process, the groove at the fixed end of the mandrel (13) is filled. Then it is sintered according to the conventional process. After sintering, it is processed according to the shape of the tool to form the shape shown. Figure 3 The structural diagram is shown. In this embodiment, the RCEM 120H4R150S model cutting tool has only a silicon nitride tip; the body is made of tungsten steel. The tungsten steel tip will not be damaged during operation and can be recycled. The tip is a consumable item, and its length can range from 10mm to 40mm.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools, characterized in that: The components include a fluid pump (1), a fixed column (2), a vertical transmission device (3), a horizontal transmission device (4), a slurry collection tray (5), a frustum cavity (6), a grouting pipe (7), a mandrel (13), a hollow cylinder (11), a hollow frustum (12), and a grouting hole (14). The fixed column (2) is connected to a vertically movable vertical transmission device (3). The frustum cavity (6) is connected to the slurry collection tray (5), and the slurry collection tray (5) is connected to the horizontal transmission device (4). The three components form an integrated structure. The vertical transmission device (3) controls the integrated structure. The device moves vertically up and down; the frustum cavity (6) can rotate under the power of the horizontal transmission device (4), the slurry collection plate (5) is fixed to the horizontal transmission device (4); the core rod (13) is fixed by the grouting pipe (7); the grouting pipe (7) and the core rod (13) have grouting holes (14) at their fixed ends; the upper part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity (6) is a hollow cylinder (11), and the lower part of the inner cavity of the frustum cavity is a hollow frustum (12); when the device is working, the vertical transmission device (3) and the horizontal transmission device (4) both move at a uniform speed in a single direction; The method of use is as follows: the mandrel (13) and the frustum cavity (6) are on the same vertical center line, and the mandrel (13) and the frustum cavity (6) are in a state of wanting to contact but not contacting each other. The fluid pump (1) is started and the fluid pump (1) delivers slurry to the grouting pipe (7). The slurry is sprayed out in the grouting hole (14). When the slurry covers the inner wall of the frustum cavity (6) below the grouting hole (14), the vertical transmission device (3) and the horizontal transmission device (4) are started at the same time. The horizontal transmission device drives the frustum cavity (6) to rotate. The vertical transmission device (3) carries the integrated structure away from the mandrel (13). When the mandrel (13) is located at the position of the cavity cylinder (11) of the frustum cavity (6), the fluid pump (1), the vertical transmission device (3), and the horizontal transmission device (4) are stopped to complete the work of an apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools.

2. The apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the truncated cone cavity (6) is empty, allowing the slurry to flow out; the slurry outlet is guided by a conduit into the slurry collection tray (5).

3. The apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slurry collection tray (5) has a round hole in the middle, which is used to place the drive shaft of the horizontal transmission device (4).

4. The apparatus for preparing textured ceramic cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a groove structure at the connection between the mandrel (13) and the grouting pipe (7). The groove structure is used to fix the mandrel (13) and the grouting pipe (7) together.

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