Skid-mounted modular marine membrane method carbon capture system

Abstract

The invention discloses a skid-mounted modular marine membrane method carbon capture system, which comprises a ship tail gas pretreatment pry, a carbon dioxide capture pry and a carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry, the ship tail gas pretreatment pry is connected with the carbon dioxide capture pry, and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry is connected with the ship tail gas pretreatment pry. And the carbon dioxide trapping pry is connected with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry. The ship tail gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are arranged, the absorbed ship tail gas is pretreated to remove dust, desulfurize and denitrate, then the pretreated ship tail gas is subjected to carbon dioxide capture and compression, and high-concentration carbon dioxide is obtained; and finally, the high-concentration carbon dioxide input by the carbon dioxide capture pry is subjected to multi-stage cooling compression, liquefied carbon dioxide is obtained and stored, and ship tail gas integrated comprehensive treatment is achieved based on membrane method carbon capture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, and particularly relates to a skid-mounted modular marine membrane method carbon capture system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Global climate change and environmental problems have been widely valued by the international community, and greenhouse gas emissions are widely regarded as one of the main factors causing global warming. As an important transportation approach supporting global trade and economy, the greenhouse gas emissions of the shipping industry also have a significant impact on the global climate system. Ships mainly rely on fossil energy as a driving force, and the combustion process will release a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants such as sulfur oxides (SO x ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), which further aggravate global warming and environmental degradation. Under this background, marine tail gas carbon capture technology as an important means of emission reduction is committed to capturing and storing CO2 emitted by ships, thereby significantly reducing its emission to the atmosphere, and is gradually becoming a key measure to promote the transformation of the shipping industry to sustainable development.

[0003] The tail gas emitted by ships not only has a large flow rate, but also has a complex composition, which makes it difficult to directly transplant mature land-based carbon capture technology. The current mainstream marine technology still relies on the liquid absorption method, but its inherent defects such as large equipment, high energy consumption, etc. have caused a sharp contradiction with the limited space and load of ships. In addition, the engine power and space layout of various ships are different, which makes it difficult to standardize the carbon capture system customized for a specific ship type, thereby seriously restricting the large-scale popularization of the technology.

[0004] As a technology that relies on a semi-permeable membrane to achieve component separation, membrane separation has been widely used in industry. By introducing it into the field of ship carbon capture, higher capture efficiency and lower operating energy consumption can be achieved, which is expected to solve the problems of large occupied area, heavy weight, high energy consumption, etc. faced by traditional methods.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a skid-mounted modular marine membrane method carbon capture system. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed to provide a skid-mounted modular marine membrane method carbon capture system that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0007] The present application provides a pry-mounted modular marine membrane carbon capture system, which comprises a ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, a carbon dioxide capture pry and a carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry is connected with the carbon dioxide capture pry, and the carbon dioxide capture pry is connected with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry; the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry is arranged at the exhaust port of a ship, and is used for pretreating the ship exhaust gas entering the exhaust port to remove dust and desulfurize and denitrate; the carbon dioxide capture pry is used for capturing and compressing carbon dioxide from the pretreated ship exhaust gas to obtain high-concentration carbon dioxide; and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry is used for multi-stage cooling and compression of the high-concentration carbon dioxide input from the carbon dioxide capture pry to obtain liquefied carbon dioxide and store the same.

[0008] Optionally, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry comprises a high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump, a cold water spray tower, an adsorption desulfurization tank, an adsorption denitration tank and a dehumidification mist collector; the gas inlet end of the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump is arranged at the exhaust port of a ship, and is used for absorbing the ship exhaust gas entering the exhaust port; the gas outlet end of the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump is communicated with the gas inlet end of the cold water spray tower; the upper end of the tower body of the cold water spray tower is provided with a gas outlet end, the gas outlet end of the cold water spray tower is communicated with the gas inlet end of the adsorption desulfurization tank; the gas outlet end of the adsorption desulfurization tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the adsorption denitration tank; the gas outlet end of the adsorption denitration tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the dehumidification mist collector, and the gas outlet end of the dehumidification mist collector is communicated with the carbon dioxide capture pry.

[0009] Optionally, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry further comprises a cooling water tank and a circulating water pump, and the middle part of the tower body of the cold water spray tower is provided with a circulating pipe opening, the circulating pipe opening is communicated with the cooling water tank through a circulating pipeline, and the circulating pipeline is provided with the circulating water pump.

[0010] Optionally, the carbon dioxide capture pry comprises a first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank, a first-stage one-segment gas booster pump, a humidification tank, a first-stage one-segment membrane separator, a first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank, a first-stage two-segment gas booster pump and a first-stage two-segment membrane separator; the gas inlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank is communicated with the gas outlet end of the dehumidification mist collector, and the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas booster pump; the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas booster pump is communicated with the gas inlet end of the humidification tank, the gas outlet end of the humidification tank is communicated with the retention side of the first-stage one-segment membrane separator; the retention side of the first-stage one-segment membrane separator is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank, the gas outlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas booster pump, and the gas outlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas booster pump is communicated with the retention side of the first-stage two-segment membrane separator.

[0011] Optionally, the carbon dioxide capture pry further comprises a secondary gas buffer tank, a secondary gas booster pump and a secondary membrane separator, the permeation side of the first-stage one-section membrane separator and the permeation side of the first-stage two-section membrane separator are both in communication with the gas inlet end of the secondary gas buffer tank, the gas outlet end of the secondary gas buffer tank is in communication with the gas inlet end of the secondary gas booster pump, and the gas outlet end of the secondary gas booster pump is in communication with the retention side of the secondary membrane separator; and the permeation side of the secondary membrane separator is in communication with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry.

[0012] Optionally, the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-section gas buffer tank, the first-stage two-section gas buffer tank and the secondary gas buffer tank is provided with a gas flow controller.

[0013] Optionally, the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry comprises a carbon dioxide buffer tank, a multi-stage cooling compressor and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, the gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide buffer tank is in communication with the permeation side of the secondary membrane separator, the gas outlet end of the carbon dioxide buffer tank is in communication with the gas inlet end of the multi-stage cooling compressor, and the gas outlet end of the multi-stage cooling compressor is in communication with the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank.

[0014] Optionally, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are all provided with a detection instrument assembly, and the detection instrument assembly at least comprises a pressure instrument and a carbon dioxide concentration detector.

[0015] Optionally, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are all of a modular structure, and the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are integrally arranged in a standard container.

[0016] Optionally, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are arranged in different standard containers and connected with each other by pipelines in a parallel series or up-down arrangement combination mode.

[0017] The technical scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages: The pry-mounted modular membrane method carbon capture system for ships provided in the embodiment of the present application, through the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry arranged, the absorbed ship exhaust gas is first pretreated for dust removal and desulfurization and denitrification, then the pretreated ship exhaust gas is captured and compressed for carbon dioxide to obtain high-concentration carbon dioxide, finally the high-concentration carbon dioxide input by the carbon dioxide capture pry is multi-stage cooling compressed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide and store it, and the membrane method carbon capture realizes integrated comprehensive treatment of ship exhaust gas.

[0018] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application, in order to enable the technical means of the present application to be better understood, and to be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to enable the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application to be more apparent and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application are described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and the preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the drawings. The present application can be realized in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0020] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle structure of the pry-mounted modular marine membrane method carbon capture system.

[0021] Explanation of reference signs: 1, ship exhaust pretreatment pry; 10, high-temperature gas delivery pump; 11, cold water spray tower; 12, adsorption type desulfurization tank; 13, adsorption type denitration tank; 14, dehumidification mist eliminator; 15, cooling water tank; 16, circulating water pump; 2, carbon dioxide capture pry; 20, first-stage one-section gas buffer tank; 21, first-stage one-section gas booster pump; 22, humidification tank; 23, first-stage one-section membrane separator; 24, first-stage two-section gas buffer tank; 25, first-stage two-section gas booster pump; 26, first-stage two-section membrane separator; 27, second-stage gas buffer tank; 28, second-stage gas booster pump; 29, second-stage membrane separator; 3, carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry; 30, carbon dioxide buffer tank; 31, multi-stage cooling compressor; 32, liquid carbon dioxide storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments, and the preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the drawings. The present application can be realized in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, instruments and equipment used in the present application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle structure of a pry-mounted modular marine membrane carbon capture system provided by an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the pry-mounted modular marine membrane carbon capture system comprises a marine exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, a carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and a carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry 3, the marine exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1 is connected with the carbon dioxide capture pry 2, and the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 is connected with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry 3; the marine exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1 is arranged at the exhaust gas discharge port of a ship, for pretreating the marine exhaust gas entering from the exhaust gas discharge port to remove dust and desulfurize and denitrate; the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 is used for capturing and compressing carbon dioxide from the pretreated marine exhaust gas, to obtain high-concentration carbon dioxide; the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry 3 is used for multi-stage cooling and compression of the high-concentration carbon dioxide input from the carbon dioxide capture pry 2, to obtain liquefied carbon dioxide and store it.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the marine exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1 comprises a high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump 10, a cold water spray tower 11, an adsorption desulfurization tank 12, an adsorption denitration tank 13, a dehumidification and mist catcher 14, a cooling water tank 15 and a circulating water pump 16; wherein the gas inlet end of the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump 10 is arranged at the exhaust gas discharge port of a ship, for absorbing the marine exhaust gas entering from the exhaust gas discharge port, the gas outlet end of the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump 10 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the cold water spray tower 11; the upper end of the tower body of the cold water spray tower 11 is provided with a gas outlet end, the gas outlet end of the cold water spray tower 11 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the adsorption desulfurization tank 12; the gas outlet end of the adsorption desulfurization tank 12 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the adsorption denitration tank 13; the gas outlet end of the adsorption denitration tank 13 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the dehumidification and mist catcher 14, and the gas outlet end of the dehumidification and mist catcher 14 is communicated with the carbon dioxide capture pry 2; the middle part of the tower body of the cold water spray tower 11 is provided with a circulating pipe opening, the circulating pipe opening is communicated with the cooling water tank 15 through a circulating pipeline, and the circulating water pump 16 is arranged on the circulating pipeline.

[0027] The high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump 10 can be arranged at the exhaust gas discharge port of a ship, or can be arranged near the exhaust gas discharge port, the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump 10 absorbs the marine exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas discharge port (CO2, N2, O2, SO x , NO xThe ship exhaust gas is first introduced into the cold water spray tower 11 for cooling and dust removal, the cold water spray tower 11 is communicated with the cooling water tank 15, and the cooling water can be continuously provided and recycled under the action of the circulating water pump 16; the cooled and dust-removed exhaust gas is then introduced into the adsorption desulfurization tank 12, the adsorption denitration tank 13 and the dehumidification mist eliminator 14 in sequence to remove SOx and NOx and water, and then the dried gas is introduced into the carbon dioxide capture pry 2.

[0028] The carbon dioxide capture pry 2 comprises a first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank 20, a first-stage one-segment gas booster pump 21, a humidification tank 22, a first-stage one-segment membrane separator 23, a first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank 24, a first-stage two-segment gas booster pump 25, a first-stage two-segment membrane separator 26, a second-stage gas buffer tank 27, a second-stage gas booster pump 28 and a second-stage membrane separator 29; the gas outlet end of the dehumidification mist eliminator 14 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank 20, and the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank 20 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas booster pump 21; the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas booster pump 21 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the humidification tank 22, and the gas outlet end of the humidification tank 22 is communicated with the retention side of the first-stage one-segment membrane separator 23; the retention side of the first-stage one-segment membrane separator 23 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank 24, and the gas outlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank 24 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas booster pump 25, and the gas outlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas booster pump 25 is communicated with the retention side of the first-stage two-segment membrane separator 26.

[0029] The retention side of the first-stage two-segment membrane separator 26 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the second-stage gas buffer tank 27, the gas outlet end of the second-stage gas buffer tank 27 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the second-stage gas booster pump 28, and the gas outlet end of the second-stage gas booster pump 28 is communicated with the retention side of the second-stage membrane separator 29; and the permeation side of the second-stage membrane separator 29 is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry 3.

[0030] The dry gas (mainly CO2, N2, O2) enters the first-stage first-section gas buffer tank 20, is pressurized by the first-stage first-section gas booster pump 21 to the required pressure for membrane separation, is further humidified by the humidification tank 22 (to enhance the effect of polymer membrane separation), and then enters the first-stage first-section membrane separator 23 for CO2 capture. The gas on the trapped side of the first-stage first-section membrane separator 23 enters the first-stage second-section gas buffer tank 24, is pressurized by the first-stage second-section gas booster pump 25, and then enters the first-stage second-section membrane separator 26 for secondary CO2 capture. The decarburized gas on the trapped side of the first-stage second-section membrane separator 26 is exhausted. The high CO2 concentration gas on the permeation side of the first-stage first-section membrane separator 23 and the first-stage second-section membrane separator 26 enters the second-stage gas buffer tank 27, is pressurized by the second-stage gas booster pump 28, and then enters the second-stage membrane separator 29 for CO2 concentration. The decarburized gas on the trapped side of the second-stage membrane separator 29 is exhausted. The high-purity CO2 product on the permeation side of the second-stage membrane separator 29 enters the carbon dioxide buffer tank 30.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the gas flow controllers are arranged at the gas outlet ends of the first-stage first-section gas buffer tank 20, the first-stage second-section gas buffer tank 24, and the second-stage gas buffer tank 27, for controlling the gas flow to the membrane separators of the respective stages, and adjusting the gas pressure by cooperating with the corresponding gas booster pumps, so as to enhance the effect of membrane separation and improve the CO2 capture efficiency.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, when the membrane separation material of the first-stage first-section membrane separator 23 is a polymer membrane material, the humidification tank 22 can be used for humidification to improve the separation effect. When the membrane separation material is other material, for example, a membrane separation material that does not require humidity, the humidification tank 22 can be bypassed (or directly removed).

[0033] The carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry 3 comprises the carbon dioxide buffer tank 30, the multi-stage cooling compressor 31, and the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 32. The gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide buffer tank 30 is communicated with the permeation side of the second-stage membrane separator 29. The gas outlet end of the carbon dioxide buffer tank 30 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the multi-stage cooling compressor 31. The gas outlet end of the multi-stage cooling compressor 31 is communicated with the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 32.

[0034] The storage gas in the carbon dioxide buffer tank 30 enters the multi-stage cooling compressor 31 to be liquefied, and then enters the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 32 for storage.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and the carbon dioxide liquefied storage pry 3 are all provided with detection instrument assemblies, which can be respectively arranged at the pipeline inlets of various components in the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and the carbon dioxide liquefied storage pry 3; the detection instrument assemblies at least include pressure instruments and carbon dioxide concentration detectors, which are respectively used for monitoring the gas pressure and the CO2 concentration in real time, so as to provide feedback for the regulation of the gas flow and pressure.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and the carbon dioxide liquefied storage pry 3 are all modular structures, and the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and the carbon dioxide liquefied storage pry 3 are integrally arranged in a standard container, and can be stacked with each other or arranged in different standard containers and connected with each other through pipelines in parallel series, up-down arrangement or other combination modes, as long as the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1 is arranged on the ship close to the exhaust port.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the pry-mounted modular membrane method carbon capture system for ships has the following advantages: 1. The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and the carbon dioxide liquefied storage pry 3 are arranged to pretreat the absorbed ship exhaust gas to remove dust and desulfurize and denitrate, capture and compress carbon dioxide from the pretreated ship exhaust gas to obtain high-concentration carbon dioxide, and then perform multi-stage cooling and compression on the high-concentration carbon dioxide input by the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 to obtain liquefied carbon dioxide and store it, so that the integrated comprehensive treatment of ship exhaust gas is realized based on the membrane method carbon capture. 2. The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry 1, the carbon dioxide capture pry 2 and the carbon dioxide liquefied storage pry 3 are all modular structures, and the modular design greatly reduces the land occupation and weight of the entire system. 3. The gas flow controllers are arranged at the gas outlets of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank 20, the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank 24 and the second-stage gas buffer tank 27 to control the gas flow output to various membrane separators, and the gas pressure is regulated by cooperating with the corresponding gas booster pumps, so that the membrane separation effect is strengthened and the CO2 capture efficiency is improved.

[0038] In the specification provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some examples, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail in order not to obscure the understanding of the present specification.

[0039] Similarly, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the application can include hardwired and / or programed data processors or general purpose computers and specially designed apparatuses that perform particular calculations or processes. Those of ordinary skill in the computer and software arts will appreciate that the media used to provide instructions to a processor (such as wireless, wired, or physical media) and the computer processors (such as microprocessors, microcomputers, and the like) will vary from one implementation to another. It is therefore misleading to refer to such media or a processor by a brand name that is meaningless to those not having the brand name's specialized knowledge. Rather than be limited to a rigid and non- flexible designation, media and processors herein can operate more flexibly under a variety of design choices to accommodate particular application or software requirements.

Claims

1. A skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system, characterized in that, The prying modular marine membrane method carbon capture system comprises a ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, a carbon dioxide capture pry and a carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry, the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry is connected with the carbon dioxide capture pry, and the carbon dioxide capture pry is connected with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry; the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry is arranged at the exhaust port of the ship, and is used for pretreating the ship exhaust gas entering the exhaust port to remove dust and desulfurize and denitrate; the carbon dioxide capture pry is used for capturing and compressing carbon dioxide from the pretreated ship exhaust gas to obtain high-concentration carbon dioxide; and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry is used for multi-stage cooling and compression of the high-concentration carbon dioxide input from the carbon dioxide capture pry to obtain liquefied carbon dioxide and store the same.

2. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 1, characterized by: The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry comprises a high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump, a cold water spray tower, an adsorption desulfurization tank, an adsorption denitration tank and a dehumidification fog catcher; wherein the gas inlet end of the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump is arranged at the exhaust port of the ship, and is used for absorbing the ship exhaust gas entering the exhaust port; the gas outlet end of the high-temperature-resistant gas conveying pump is communicated with the gas inlet end of the cold water spray tower; the upper end of the tower body of the cold water spray tower is provided with a gas outlet end; the gas outlet end of the cold water spray tower is communicated with the gas inlet end of the adsorption desulfurization tank; the gas outlet end of the adsorption desulfurization tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the adsorption denitration tank; the gas outlet end of the adsorption denitration tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the dehumidification fog catcher; and the gas outlet end of the dehumidification fog catcher is communicated with the carbon dioxide capture pry.

3. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 2, wherein: The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry further comprises a cooling water tank and a circulating water pump; the middle part of the tower body of the cold water spray tower is provided with a circulating pipe opening; the circulating pipe opening is communicated with the cooling water tank through a circulating pipeline; and the circulating pipeline is provided with the circulating water pump.

4. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 2, wherein: The carbon dioxide capture pry comprises a first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank, a first-stage one-segment gas booster pump, a humidification tank, a first-stage one-segment membrane separator, a first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank, a first-stage two-segment gas booster pump and a first-stage two-segment membrane separator; the gas inlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank is communicated with the gas outlet end of the dehumidification fog catcher; the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas buffer tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas booster pump; the gas outlet end of the first-stage one-segment gas booster pump is communicated with the gas inlet end of the humidification tank; the gas outlet end of the humidification tank is communicated with the retention side of the first-stage one-segment membrane separator; the retention side of the first-stage one-segment membrane separator is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank; the gas outlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas buffer tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas booster pump; and the gas outlet end of the first-stage two-segment gas booster pump is communicated with the retention side of the first-stage two-segment membrane separator.

5. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 4, wherein: The carbon dioxide capture pry further comprises a secondary gas buffer tank, a secondary gas booster pump and a secondary membrane separator, the permeation side of the first-stage one-section membrane separator and the permeation side of the first-stage two-section membrane separator are both in communication with the gas inlet end of the secondary gas buffer tank, the gas outlet end of the secondary gas buffer tank is in communication with the gas inlet end of the secondary gas booster pump, and the gas outlet end of the secondary gas booster pump is in communication with the retention side of the secondary membrane separator; the permeation side of the secondary membrane separator is in communication with the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry.

6. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 5, wherein: The gas outlet end of the first-stage one-section gas buffer tank, the first-stage two-section gas buffer tank and the secondary gas buffer tank are each provided with a gas flow controller.

7. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 5, wherein: The carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry comprises a carbon dioxide buffer tank, a multi-stage cooling compressor and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, the gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide buffer tank is in communication with the permeation side of the secondary membrane separator, the gas outlet end of the carbon dioxide buffer tank is in communication with the gas inlet end of the multi-stage cooling compressor, and the gas outlet end of the multi-stage cooling compressor is in communication with the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank.

8. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 1, wherein: The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are each provided with a detection instrument assembly, and the detection instrument assembly at least comprises a pressure instrument and a carbon dioxide concentration detector.

9. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 1, wherein: The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are all of a modular structure, and the ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are integrally arranged in a standard container.

10. The skid-mounted modular marine membrane-based carbon capture system of claim 9, characterized by: The ship exhaust gas pretreatment pry, the carbon dioxide capture pry and the carbon dioxide liquefaction storage pry are arranged in different standard containers in parallel series or in an up-down arrangement and are connected by pipelines.

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