Potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nano material and preparation method thereof
By preparing potassium-solubilizing bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterials, the problem of low survival rate and activity of potassium-solubilizing bacteria in soil has been solved, realizing efficient utilization of potassium and environmentally friendly potassium fertilizer release.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511689403.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
AI Technical Summary
Potassium-soluble bacteria have low survival rates and low activity in soil, resulting in poor practical application effects.
Potassium-solubilizing bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterials were prepared by co-precipitation and then mixed with potassium-solubilizing bacteria to form a dual potassium supply mechanism. The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterials provide attachment sites and slow potassium release, while the potassium-solubilizing bacteria secrete organic acids to accelerate potassium release.
It improves the survival rate and efficiency of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, realizes the on-demand release of potassium, enhances potassium utilization, and reduces environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure SMS_1
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological fertilizer, in particular to a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] Potassium is one of the essential macroelements for plant growth and development, but most of the potassium in the soil exists in the form of insoluble compounds, which cannot be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. Although the traditional potassium fertilizer application method can increase the potassium content in the soil, it has problems such as low utilization rate of potassium fertilizer, soil acidification, groundwater pollution, and water eutrophication.
[0003] Potassium-dissolving bacteria are a kind of microorganisms that can convert insoluble potassium compounds in the soil into soluble potassium. By secreting organic acids, potassium ions and other substances, the content of available potassium in the soil is increased, the application amount of traditional chemical fertilizers is reduced, and the absorption and utilization rate of potassium by plants is improved. However, when potassium-dissolving bacteria are directly applied to the soil, their survival rate and activity are low, and the practical application effect is not good. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of low survival rate and activity of potassium-dissolving bacteria and poor practical application effect.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, comprising the following steps: dispersing a soluble iron salt in water to obtain solution A; dispersing a soluble potassium source and a potassium salt in water to obtain solution B; dispersing a stabilizer in water to obtain solution C; simultaneously adding solution A and B to solution C at the same rate, controlling the pH value at 2.5-4.0 by alkali, stirring and reacting, and then standing and aging to obtain an iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial; inoculating potassium-dissolving bacteria in a liquid culture medium to obtain a bacterial suspension by amplification culture; mixing the bacterial suspension with the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial to obtain a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0006] In some embodiments, the soluble iron salt includes at least one of ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
[0007] In some embodiments, the soluble potassium source includes at least one of sodium phosphate and phosphoric acid.
[0008] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the soluble iron salt to the soluble potassium source is 1:(1-1.2).
[0009] In some embodiments, the potassium salt comprises at least one of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, and potassium acetate.
[0010] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the soluble iron salt is (1-2):10.
[0011] In some embodiments, the stabilizer comprises at least one of CTAB, PEG, and PVP, and the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the soluble iron salt is (0.5-1):100.
[0012] In some embodiments, the expansion culture condition is that the temperature is 28-30°C, the stirring speed is 150 r / min, and the culture time is 48 h.
[0013] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the bacterial suspension to the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is 1:(8-10).
[0014] In some embodiments, the alkali solution comprises a NaOH solution or ammonia water.
[0015] In some embodiments, after standing and aging, the reaction solution is filtered, washed with water, and then vacuum dried at 60-80°C to obtain the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0016] In some embodiments, the particle size of the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial ranges from 50 nm to 200 nm.
[0017] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, which is prepared by the above method.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application include: 1. The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial in the present application is a slow-release K + library, which, in combination with the rapid potassium-dissolving effect of potassium-dissolving bacteria, prolongs the fertilizer efficiency. The organic acids and other substances secreted by potassium-dissolving bacteria can more effectively corrode and decompose the nanomaterial, accelerating the release of potassium therein. The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial itself contains potassium, and, in combination with potassium-dissolving bacteria, forms a dual potassium-providing mechanism of “potassium-dissolving bacteria decomposing soil potassium” + “iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial releasing potassium by itself”, which has a much better effect than using a single bacterial agent or ordinary potassium fertilizer.
[0019] 2. The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial provides a large number of attachment sites for the potassium-dissolving bacteria agent, fixes and enriches the bacterial population, and improves the survival rate and action efficiency thereof. The extremely high specific surface area provides abundant reactive active sites, enhancing the interaction with the soil and the bacterial population.
[0020] 3. The release rate of potassium in the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is related to the pH, organic acid concentration and the like of the rhizosphere microenvironment, realizes "on-demand release", and greatly improves the utilization rate of potassium. In addition, fixing potassium in the nanomaterial skeleton can reduce the rapid leaching of potassium in the soil and reduce environmental pollution.
[0021] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the following specific embodiments of the present application can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0024] In order to solve the technical problems of low survival rate and activity of potassium-dissolving bacteria and poor practical application effect, the present application provides a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial of the present application itself contains potassium, and cooperates with potassium-dissolving bacteria to form a dual potassium supply mechanism of "potassium-dissolving bacteria decomposing soil potassium" + "iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial itself releasing potassium", which is much better than using bacteria or ordinary potassium fertilizer alone.
[0025] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a preparation method of a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, comprising the following steps: Disperse the soluble iron salt in water to obtain solution A; Disperse the soluble potassium salt and the potassium salt in water to obtain solution B; Disperse the stabilizer in water to obtain solution C; Simultaneously add solution A and B to solution C at the same rate, control the pH value at 2.5-4.0 by alkali, stir and react, and then stand and age to obtain the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial; Inoculate the potassium-dissolving bacteria into the liquid culture medium to obtain a bacterial suspension by expanding culture; Mix the bacterial suspension with the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial to obtain the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0026] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is prepared by the coprecipitation method, which is simple in preparation method, low in cost, and easy to mass production. The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is mixed with the potassium-dissolving bacteria, the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial itself contains potassium, and the potassium-dissolving bacteria jointly act on the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial to form a double potassium supply mechanism of “bacteria-dissolved soil potassium” and “material-released self potassium”, which is far superior to the single use of bacteria or ordinary potassium fertilizer.
[0027] During the reaction, the pH is controlled at 2.5-4.0, so that the flocculent potassium-doped iron phosphate precipitate is generated, and the iron-based potassium-containing nanoparticles that are difficult for microorganisms to utilize are avoided.
[0028] In some embodiments, the soluble iron salt includes at least one of ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
[0029] In some embodiments, the soluble phosphoric acid source includes at least one of sodium phosphate and phosphoric acid.
[0030] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the soluble iron salt to the soluble phosphoric acid source is 1:(1-1.2).
[0031] In some embodiments, the potassium salt includes at least one of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, and potassium acetate.
[0032] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the potassium salt to the soluble iron salt is (1-2):10.
[0033] In some embodiments, the stabilizer includes at least one of CTAB, PEG, and PVP, and the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the soluble iron salt is (0.5-1):100.
[0034] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the stabilizer is used to make the morphology of the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial uniform and the particle size small.
[0035] In some embodiments, the expansion culture condition is that the temperature is 28-30°C, the stirring speed is 150 r / min, and the culture time is 48 h.
[0036] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the bacterial suspension to the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is 1:(8-10).
[0037] In some embodiments, the alkaline solution includes NaOH solution or ammonia water.
[0038] In some embodiments, after standing and aging, the reaction solution is filtered, washed with water, and vacuum dried at 60-80°C to obtain the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0039] In some embodiments, the particle size of the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial ranges from 50 nm to 200 nm.
[0040] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, which is prepared by the method described above.
[0041] Some specific examples are listed below. It should be noted that the examples described below are exemplary and are used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. If the specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product instructions are used. If the reagents or instruments are not specified by the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained on the market.
[0042] I. Preparation method Example 1 A preparation method of a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, comprising the following steps: 40 g of ferric sulfate was dispersed in 200 mL of water to obtain solution A; 19.7 g of sodium phosphate and 1.0 g of potassium salt were dispersed in 200 mL of water to obtain solution B; 0.2 g of PVP was dispersed in 200 mL of water to obtain solution C; Solutions A and B were simultaneously added to solution C at the same rate, the pH value was controlled at 4.0 by ammonia water, the reaction was stirred, and after standing for 1 h, filtration was performed, and then water washing was performed, and then vacuum drying was performed at 60°C to obtain the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0043] A potassium-dissolving bacterial strain with high potassium-dissolving capacity was screened from the rhizosphere soil of corn, and was identified as a potassium-dissolving bacterial genus by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A large amount of potassium-dissolving bacterial liquid was obtained by culturing in a Menkina culture medium containing 0.5 g / L inorganic potassium and 0.5 g / L organic potassium at 30°C and 150 r / min for 48 hours. The potassium-dissolving bacteria were inoculated in a liquid culture medium to obtain a bacterial suspension; The bacterial suspension and the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 to obtain the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0044] The potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial was applied to the rhizosphere soil of corn by irrigation at a dosage of 5 kg per mu of soil, and uniform distribution was ensured.
[0045] Environmental condition optimization: the pH value of the soil was adjusted to 6.5-7.5, the soil moisture was maintained at 60%-80% of the field water holding capacity, and the soil temperature was controlled at 25-30°C, so as to promote the growth of the potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of the potassium-dissolving effect.
[0046] Example 2 The bacterial suspension and the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:8 to obtain the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0047] The potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is applied to the rhizosphere soil of the wheat by fertilization in an amount of 8 kg per mu of soil, to ensure uniform distribution.
[0048] Environmental condition optimization: adjust the soil pH value to 6.0-7.0, keep the soil humidity at 65%-75% of the field water holding capacity, and control the soil temperature at 22-28°C to promote the growth of the potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of the potassium-dissolving effect.
[0049] Example 3 The bacteria suspension is mixed with the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial at a mass ratio of 1:12 to obtain the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial.
[0050] The mixture is applied to the rhizosphere soil of the rice by irrigation and fertilization in combination in an amount of 10 kg per mu of soil, to ensure uniform distribution.
[0051] Environmental condition optimization: adjust the soil pH value to 6.5-7.5, keep the soil humidity at 60%-70% of the field water holding capacity, and control the soil temperature at 25-30°C to promote the growth of the potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of the potassium-dissolving effect.
[0052] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that no iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is added, the potassium-dissolving bacteria suspension is mixed with ordinary potassium fertilizer at a mass ratio of 1:10, and the bacteria suspension is applied to the rhizosphere soil of the corn by irrigation in an amount of 5 kg per mu of soil, to ensure uniform distribution.
[0053] Environmental condition optimization: adjust the soil pH value to 6.5-7.5, keep the soil humidity at 60%-80% of the field water holding capacity, and control the soil temperature at 25-30°C to promote the growth of the potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of the potassium-dissolving effect.
[0054] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the bacteria suspension, potassium fertilizer, and iron phosphate nanometer particles are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1:10 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, and the bacteria suspension is applied to the rhizosphere soil of the corn by irrigation in an amount of 5 kg per mu of soil, to ensure uniform distribution.
[0055] Environmental condition optimization: adjust the soil pH value to 6.5-7.5, keep the soil humidity at 60%-80% of the field water holding capacity, and control the soil temperature at 25-30°C to promote the growth of the potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of the potassium-dissolving effect.
[0056] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that no potassium-dissolving bacteria are added, and the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is applied to the corn rhizosphere soil at a dosage of 5 kg / mu of soil, and the bacterial suspension is applied to the soil by irrigation to ensure uniform distribution.
[0057] Environmental condition optimization: the soil pH value is adjusted to 6.5-7.5, the soil humidity is maintained at 60%-80% of the field water holding capacity, and the soil temperature is controlled at 25-30°C to promote the growth of potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of potassium-dissolving effect.
[0058] Comparative Example 4 The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the common potassium fertilizer is applied to the corn rhizosphere soil at a dosage of 5 kg / mu of soil, and the bacterial suspension is applied to the soil by irrigation to ensure uniform distribution.
[0059] Environmental condition optimization: the soil pH value is adjusted to 6.5-7.5, the soil humidity is maintained at 60%-80% of the field water holding capacity, and the soil temperature is controlled at 25-30°C to promote the growth of potassium-dissolving bacteria and the exertion of potassium-dissolving effect.
[0060] II. Test method 1. Soil available potassium retention rate detection method: ammonium acetate extraction-flame photometry, refer to NY / T 889-2004 Soil available potassium and slow-release potassium content determination.
[0061] III. Analysis of test results of each example and comparative example According to the methods in each example and comparative example, plants are planted, and after the plants grow, the growth of the plants and the soil available potassium retention rate are detected. The corn in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 grows for 90 days, the wheat in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 grows for 120 days, and the rice in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 grows for 120 days. The detection results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0062] Table 1: Plant growth and soil available potassium retention rate detection results in each example and comparative example
[0063] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments are only examples, and embodiments having the same technical idea and playing the same role and effect within the scope of the technical solutions of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, within the scope of the main idea of the present application, various modifications of the embodiments that can be thought of by those skilled in the art, and other ways constructed by combining part of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A preparation method of a potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: dispersing a soluble iron salt in water to obtain solution A; dispersing a soluble potassium salt in water to obtain solution B; dispersing a stabilizer in water to obtain solution C; adding the solutions A and B into the solution C at the same rate, controlling the pH value at 2.5-4.0 by alkali liquor, stirring and reacting, and standing and aging to obtain the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial; inoculating the potassium-dissolving bacteria into liquid culture medium to obtain a bacterial suspension; mixing the bacterial suspension with the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial to obtain the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial. 2.The preparation method of the potassium-fixing bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soluble iron salt comprises at least one of ferric chloride and ferric sulfate. 3.The preparation method of the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soluble phosphate source comprises at least one of sodium phosphate and phosphoric acid. The molar ratio of the soluble iron salt to the soluble phosphate source is 1:(1-1.2). 4.The preparation method of the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that, The potassium salt comprises at least one of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium acetate. The molar ratio of the potassium salt to the soluble iron salt is (1-2):
10. 5.The preparation method of the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer comprises at least one of CTAB, PEG and PVP, and the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the soluble iron salt is (0.5-1):
100. 6.The preparation method of the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 28-30℃, the stirring speed is 150 r / min, and the culture time is 48 h. 7.The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: culturing the potassium-dissolving bacteria in a culture medium; and adding iron to the culture medium to form the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial. The mass ratio of the bacterial suspension to the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is 1:(8-10). 8.The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: culturing the potassium-dissolving bacteria in a culture medium; and adding iron to the culture medium to form the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial. The alkali liquor comprises NaOH solution or ammonia water. 9.The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: culturing the potassium-dissolving bacteria in a culture medium; and adding iron to the culture medium to form the potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial. After standing and aging, the reaction liquid is filtered, washed with water, and vacuum dried at 60-80℃ to obtain the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial. The particle size of the iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is 50-200 nm.
10. A potassium-dissolving bacteria-iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial, characterized in that, The iron-based potassium-containing nanomaterial is prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-9.