Cutting propagation method and device suitable for Karst region of Avian Kingwang tea

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tea cultivation, and particularly discloses a cutting propagation method and a cutting propagation device suitable for Karst regions. A biological acid leaching solution is prepared from moss in the karst rocky desertification area, and the biological acid leaching solution and a silicate microbial inoculum are cooperated to etch the cutting slips, so that the problem of calcium precipitation caused by alkaline water is solved; karst broken stones are calcined and modified and then mixed with fermentation residues, calcium carbonate precipitation is induced through microorganisms to construct an artificial aggregate matrix, and the problem of matrix collapse caused by alternation of wetting and drying is solved; calcium-philic alkali-resistant actinomycetes are separated from cavern bat dung, and are coated with sodium alginate karst polysaccharide composite gel to form the environment-responsive microcapsule, so that the problem of soil-borne fungal diseases is solved. The assorted device comprises a layered cutting bed composed of a perforated bamboo tube, a wavy supporting net and a seedling raising plate with conical holes, so that the cutting rooting rate of the awang tea is greatly improved, the incidence rate of root rot is greatly reduced, and a systematic solution is provided for breeding of characteristic crops in the karst region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea cultivation technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for the propagation of the Bird King Tea by cuttings in karst regions. Background Technology

[0002] Active lignin fiber is a natural polymer extracted from plant cell walls. Its molecular structure contains abundant active functional groups such as phenolic hydroxyl groups, alcoholic hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, and methoxy groups, exhibiting excellent chelating ability, adsorption performance, and biocompatibility. In recent years, through chemical modification, enzymatic hydrolysis, or composite functional materials, lignin fibers can be further endowed with specific environmental response characteristics, such as maintaining structural stability under alkaline conditions, slow-release of loaded substances under specific humidity levels, or regulating their binding ability with metal ions through surface charge modulation. Modified active lignin fibers show broad application prospects in agriculture, serving as heavy metal passivators, fertilizer slow-release carriers, soil structure conditioners, and biopesticide coating materials, especially suitable for crop cultivation under adverse conditions. However, current applications of active lignin fibers are mostly focused on single-function improvement in conventional soil environments. Systematic research targeting the special geological and hydrological conditions of karst regions is still lacking, and there is a lack of technical solutions that combine lignin fiber modification technology with unique karst resources (such as rocky desertification vegetation, cave microorganisms, and carbonate rocks) to achieve multi-objective synergistic optimization.

[0003] Karst landforms account for about one-third of my country's land area. These regions are characterized by high rock exposure, shallow soil layers, poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, and alkaline water (pH 7.5–8.5) rich in calcium ions. For example, application number "CN201610968295.0" discloses a cutting propagation method suitable for *Tea japonica* in karst regions, which improves the growth rate of *Tea japonica* cuttings, stabilizes the survival rate, reduces costs, and can play a role in soil and water conservation in water-scarce karst areas, enabling large-scale cultivation of *Tea japonica* in karst regions. However, propagating *Tea japonica* and other economic crops through cuttings in karst regions still faces a series of technical challenges: First, alkaline water and a calcium-rich environment cause a large amount of calcium deposits to form at the cutting site, blocking the vascular bundles and inhibiting auxin signal transduction, resulting in difficulty in callus formation and low rooting rate; Secondly, even if the cuttings can root, the typical alternating wet and dry climate of karst regions causes the conventional cutting substrate (such as perlite, yellow soil, etc.) to repeatedly expand and contract, leading to substrate pulverization and compaction into a dense structure. This not only constricts the new roots, causing mechanical damage, but also disrupts the stability of the microenvironment surrounding the roots. More seriously, under these dual stresses, the cuttings grow weakly, wounds heal slowly, and the alkaline environment of karst alters the soil microbial community structure, promoting the abnormal proliferation of certain weak parasitic bacteria (such as Fusarium). Conventional chemical fungicides are easily degraded and ineffective under alkaline conditions, leading to a high incidence of soil-borne diseases, ultimately causing cutting failure. Currently, research on these problems is mostly limited to improvements in single aspects, such as adjusting water pH, adding water-retaining agents, or applying fungicides alone, making it difficult to fundamentally overcome the technical bottlenecks in the cutting propagation of *Tea unicornu* in karst regions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] This invention provides a method and apparatus for the propagation of the bird-king tea tree by cuttings in karst regions, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a cutting propagation device suitable for the Bird King Tea in karst areas, comprising a cutting bed, wherein the cutting bed is configured as a box, and the cutting bed is provided with a water storage layer, a support layer and a seedling layer from bottom to top;

[0008] The water storage layer is composed of perforated bamboo tubes arranged in parallel, and both ends of the water storage layer extend to the outside of the cutting bed and are connected to water level observation pipes.

[0009] The support layer is a corrugated support net laid on top of the water storage layer;

[0010] The seedling layer is a movable seedling tray placed above the support layer, and the bottom of the seedling layer is provided with a conical positioning hole.

[0011] A suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: collect moss and lichen from karst rocky desertification areas, crush them, add water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 to 1:8, and anaerobic ferment at 25 to 30°C for 7 to 10 days. Filter and collect the fermentation liquid to obtain biological acid extract.

[0013] (2) Cutting etching treatment: The base of the bird king tea cuttings is immersed in the mixture of the biological acid extract and silicate bacteria agent for 20 to 40 minutes. The volume ratio of the biological acid extract to the silicate bacteria agent in the mixture is 100:1 to 100:3. After removal, the cuttings are air-dried naturally.

[0014] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: crush karst gravel to a particle size of 2-5 mm, calcine at 600-800℃ for 1-2 hours, and obtain modified lava particles after cooling;

[0015] (4) Preparation of artificial aggregate matrix: The solid residue remaining after fermentation in step (1) is mixed with the modified lava particles obtained in step (3) at a mass ratio of 1:2 to 1:4. Microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction solution is added. The amount of the induction solution is 15% to 25% of the total mass of the solid residue and the modified lava particles. After stirring evenly, the mixture is left to stand for 2 to 3 days to obtain artificial aggregate matrix.

[0016] (5) Preparation of microcapsule suspension: Calcium-loving and alkali-resistant actinomycete spores and sodium alginate karst polysaccharide composite gel are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:15 and dropped into a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 2% to 4% for cross-linking and solidification for 30 to 60 minutes to form microcapsules with a particle size of 1 to 3 mm. After collection, they are suspended in water to obtain microcapsule suspension.

[0017] (6) Cuttings and planting: Fill the seedling layer of the cutting bed with the artificial granular substrate prepared in step (4), and insert the cuttings treated in step (2) into the substrate at a depth of 3-5 cm and a spacing of 5 cm × 8 cm.

[0018] (7) Coating with microcapsules: After the cutting is completed, the microcapsule suspension prepared in step (5) is evenly sprayed on the substrate surface around the base of the cutting, with a spraying amount of 200-300 ml per square meter of substrate.

[0019] (8) Seedling management: control the temperature at 22-28℃ and the relative humidity at 85%-95%. After cutting, water should be added to the bottom of the cutting bed every 5-7 days. Seedlings should be raised for 40-60 days.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (1), the moss and lichen were collected from the surface of rocks in a karst desertification area and naturally air-dried. After being crushed, they were passed through a 20-mesh sieve. During anaerobic fermentation, the mixture was stirred every 3 days for 5 minutes each time. After fermentation, the mixture was filtered through a 100-mesh filter cloth. The resulting bio-acid extract had a pH of 4.2–4.8 and a total organic acid content of [missing information]. .

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the silicate bacterial agent is a Bacillus mucilaginosus agent with an effective viable count ≥ The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 5.5-6.0, the temperature of the mixture is controlled at 22-25℃ during soaking, and the mixture is gently stirred every 5 minutes during soaking. When drying, the cuttings are placed in a cool and ventilated place until there is no water film on the surface of the cuttings but the cut ends remain moist.

[0022] Furthermore, in step (3), the karst crushed stone is selected from abandoned limestone or dolomite in karst areas. Before calcination, it is washed with clean water to remove surface soil and then dried at 105℃ to constant weight. The heating rate during calcination is 10℃ / minute, and after heat preservation, it is naturally cooled to room temperature. The specific surface area of ​​the resulting modified lava particles is... Its surface carries a positive charge.

[0023] Furthermore, in step (4), the microbial induction solution for calcium carbonate precipitation is a Bacillus pasteurellium solution with a concentration of [missing information]. The solid residue is the material obtained after fermentation and filtration in step (1) and then dehydrated by pressing to a moisture content of 60% to 70%. During the static curing period, water is sprayed once every 12 hours to maintain humidity until white calcium carbonate crystals appear on the surface of the substrate.

[0024] Furthermore, in step (5), the calciphilic and alkali-tolerant actinomycete spores are Streptomyces actinomycete spores isolated from bat guano in karst caves, with a spore concentration of [missing information]. The sodium alginate karst polysaccharide composite gel is made by mixing a 2% sodium alginate solution and a 1% karst cactus polysaccharide extract at a volume ratio of 3:1, and the cross-linking and solidification in the calcium chloride solution is accompanied by continuous slow stirring.

[0025] Furthermore, in step (6), the bottom layer of the cutting bed is pre-laid with perforated bamboo tubes, and a wavy support net is laid on the bamboo tubes. Then, artificial granular substrate is filled on top of the wavy support net with a filling thickness of 8-10cm. Before cutting, the substrate is sprayed with clean water to a moisture content of 60%-65%. The cuttings are selected from one-year-old semi-lignified branches, cut into cuttings 8-10cm long and retaining 2-3 half-leaf cuttings.

[0026] Furthermore, the preparation method of the microcapsule suspension in step (7) is to wash the solidified microcapsules with clean water 2 to 3 times, and then resuspend them in water at a volume ratio of microcapsules to clean water of 1:5 to 1:8. When spraying, use a sprayer with a nozzle diameter of 1 mm. Avoid watering from above for 2 hours after spraying, so that the microcapsules can settle naturally and adhere to the base of the cutting and the surface of the surrounding matrix particles.

[0027] Furthermore, in step (8), bottom watering involves injecting clean water through the perforated bamboo tube at the bottom of the cutting bed, keeping the water level at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the bamboo tube height. Water is then allowed to penetrate from the bottom up into the substrate using capillary action. On the 10th day after cutting, a foliar fertilizer of 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed once. Starting from the 25th day after cutting, a urea solution of 0.05% to 0.1% is sprayed every 7 days. Transplanting is carried out when the rooting rate reaches more than 85%.

[0028] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0029] This invention provides a method and apparatus suitable for the propagation of the bird-of-war tea (Tea odorata) by cuttings in karst regions. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (I) This method and apparatus for the propagation of *Tea lanceolata* by cuttings in karst regions overcomes the fundamental problem of severe calcium deposition at the base of cuttings and hindered callus formation caused by the alkaline water and calcium-rich environment in karst areas through the synergistic treatment of cuttings with a biological acid extract and silicate bacteria. Compared to conventional water treatment, this invention does not simply use chemical acid adjustment, but utilizes the unique mosses and lichens of karst desertification areas for anaerobic fermentation to prepare a biological acid extract rich in organic acids (oxalic acid, citric acid derivatives). These organic acids specifically chelate calcium ions attached to the surface of the cuttings, forming soluble complexes, thereby preventing calcium deposition at the cut and blockage of the vascular bundles. Furthermore, silicate bacteria are introduced to activate the cell walls of the cutting cuts through their metabolic activity, opening channels for subsequent rooting.

[0031] (II) This method and apparatus for the propagation of *Tea King of Birds* by cuttings in karst regions utilizes the abundant waste limestone and dolomite resources in these areas. High-temperature calcination modifies the limestone, creating a porous, positively charged surface. This material is then combined with the solid residue from the first fermentation step. Simultaneously, *Bacillus pasteurellii* culture is introduced to induce calcium carbonate precipitation, cementing the organic residue and inorganic particles into a stable artificial aggregate structure. Experimental data show that with optimization of the modification process, the matrix bulk density increases from... Down to The porosity increased from 52.3% to 62.5%, the matrix collapse rate after alternating wet and dry conditions decreased from 18.5% to 7.8%, and the root mechanical damage rate decreased from 12.3% to 4.6%, representing reductions of 57.8% and 62.6%, respectively. This structure not only provides a loose and porous growth space for new roots, but more importantly, the combination of the wavy support mesh and the conical positioning holes allows the microcapsules to settle and adhere in a shear-free environment.

[0032] (III) This method and apparatus for the propagation of *Tea King of Birds* by cuttings in karst regions involves screening calcium-loving and alkali-tolerant *Streptomyces* actinomycetes from bat guano in karst caves, and using sodium alginate-karst polysaccharide composite gel as the wall material to form microcapsules with a particle size of 1-3 mm through calcium ion cross-linking. Experimental results show that, compared with unencapsulated actinomycete suspensions and conventional sodium alginate microcapsules, the karst polysaccharide composite microcapsules of this invention exhibit excellent stability in alkaline environments. The survival rate of actinomycetes reached 78.4% after 30 days and remained at 62.7% after 50 days; the incidence of root rot decreased from 18.7% and 11.5% to 3.2%, representing reductions of 82.9% and 72.2%, respectively. Ultimately, the rooting rate of *Tea King of Birds* cuttings reached 91.8%, an increase of 145% compared to conventional treatments, and root vitality reached [missing information]. Compared with the control, it increased by 268%, while the soil sucrase activity and available phosphorus content increased by 34.3% and 22.7% respectively. It has achieved a complete technological upgrade from overcoming single stress to building stable habitats and then to establishing active defense, providing a systematic solution for the cutting propagation of characteristic crops in karst areas. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling layer structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage layer of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Cutting bed; 2. Water storage layer; 3. Support layer; 4. Seedling layer; 5. Water level observation tube. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] First embodiment: as follows Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a cutting propagation device suitable for the Bird King Tea in karst areas, including a cutting bed 1, characterized in that: the cutting bed 1 is set in a box shape, and a water storage layer 2, a support layer 3 and a seedling layer 4 are respectively arranged from bottom to top in the cutting bed 1;

[0040] The water storage layer 2 is composed of perforated bamboo tubes arranged in parallel. Both ends of the water storage layer 2 extend to the outside of the cutting bed 1 and are connected to the water level observation tube 5.

[0041] The support layer 3 is a corrugated support net laid on top of the water storage layer 2;

[0042] The seedling layer 4 is a movable seedling tray placed above the support layer, and the bottom of the seedling layer 4 is provided with a conical positioning hole.

[0043] This embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, including the following steps:

[0044] (1) Preparation of alternative leaching solution: Use water instead of biological acid leaching solution, adjust the pH of water to 6.8 and set aside.

[0045] (2) Cutting treatment: Soak the base of the Bird King Tea cuttings in clean water for 30 minutes at a temperature of 25℃, and then let them air dry naturally. The cuttings are selected from one-year-old semi-lignified branches, cut into 9cm lengths, and retaining 2.5 leaves.

[0046] (3) Preparation of substitute particles: The karst gravel is crushed to a particle size of 3.5 mm, and without calcination, it is dried at 105 °C for later use.

[0047] (4) Preparation of alternative matrix: Mix ordinary peat soil with unmodified crushed stone obtained in step (3) at a mass ratio of 1:3, add water, the amount of which is 20% of the total mass of the mixture, stir evenly and let stand for 2.5 days.

[0048] (5) Preparation of alternative suspension: Water is used instead of microcapsule suspension.

[0049] (6) Cuttings and planting: Fill the ordinary seedling tray with the substrate prepared in step (4) to a thickness of 9cm. Before cutting, spray the substrate with clean water to a moisture content of 62%. Insert the cuttings treated in step (2) into the substrate to a depth of 4cm and a spacing of 10cm between plants and rows. .

[0050] (7) Covering treatment: After the cutting is completed, spray an equal amount of water on the substrate surface around the base of the cutting, with a spraying amount of 250ml per square meter.

[0051] (8) Seedling management: Control the temperature at 25℃ and the relative humidity at 90%. Water the seedlings every 6 days after cutting and raise them for 50 days. Spray a foliar fertilizer of 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the 10th day after cutting. Starting from the 25th day after cutting, spray a urea solution of 0.08% every 7 days.

[0052] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0053] detection indicators Measured values Remark Callus induction rate (%) 43.2 Statistics 15 days after cuttings Rooting rate (%) 37.5 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 2.3 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 1.8 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 18.6 TTC method determination Incidence of calcium deposition at the base of cuttings (%) 76.0 White precipitate at the cut Leaf yellowing rate (%) 45.3 Statistics 30 days after cuttings New shoot emergence rate (%) 21.8 Statistics 50 days after cuttings substrate pH changes 7.8→7.5 Initial → 50 days later

[0054] Second embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0055] (1) Preparation of bio-acid extract: Moss was collected from karst rocky desertification areas, pulverized, and then water was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6. Anaerobic fermentation was carried out at 28℃ for 8 days, with stirring every 3 days for 5 minutes each time. After fermentation, the liquid was filtered through a 100-mesh filter cloth, and the fermentation liquid was collected to obtain the bio-acid extract. The pH value was measured to be 4.5, and the total organic acid content was [missing value]. .

[0056] (2) Cutting etching treatment: The base of the Bird King Tea cuttings was immersed in a mixture of biological acid extract and silicate bacterial agent for 30 minutes. The volume ratio of biological acid extract to silicate bacterial agent in the mixture was 100:2. The silicate bacterial agent was Bacillus mucilaginosus agent with an effective viable count of The pH of the mixed solution was adjusted to 5.8, and the temperature of the mixed solution was controlled at 24℃ during soaking. The solution was gently stirred every 5 minutes during the soaking process. After soaking, the cuttings were placed in a cool, ventilated place to dry until there was no water film on the surface of the cuttings, but the cut ends remained moist. The cuttings were selected from one-year-old semi-lignified branches, cut into 9cm lengths, and retaining 2.5 leaves.

[0057] (3) Preparation of alternative particles: Same as step (3) in Example 1, using unmodified crushed stone.

[0058] (4) Preparation of alternative matrix: Same as step (4) in Example 1, using peat soil mixed with unmodified crushed stone.

[0059] (5) Preparation of alternative suspension: Same as step (5) in Example 1, but use water instead of microcapsule suspension.

[0060] (6) Cuttings planting: Same as step (6) in Example 1.

[0061] (7) Coating treatment: Same as step (7) in Example 1, spray with clean water.

[0062] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 1.

[0063] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0064] detection indicators Measured values Remark Callus induction rate (%) 68.7 Statistics 15 days after cuttings Rooting rate (%) 61.2 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 4.1 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 3.2 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 32.4 TTC method determination Incidence of calcium deposition at the base of cuttings (%) 32.5 White precipitate at the cut Leaf yellowing rate (%) 23.8 Statistics 30 days after cuttings New shoot emergence rate (%) 43.5 Statistics 50 days after cuttings substrate pH changes 7.8→7.2 Initial → 50 days later

[0065] The third embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0066] (1) Preparation of bio-acid extract: Lichens (a mixture of moss and lichen, in a 1:1 ratio) were collected from karst rocky desertification areas, crushed, and then water was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:8. Anaerobic fermentation was carried out at 30℃ for 10 days, with stirring every 3 days for 5 minutes each time. After fermentation, the liquid was filtered through a 100-mesh filter cloth, and the fermentation liquid was collected to obtain the bio-acid extract. The pH value was measured to be 4.2, and the total organic acid content was [missing value]. .

[0067] (2) Cutting etching treatment: The base of the Bird King Tea cuttings was immersed in a mixture of biological acid extract and silicate bacterial agent for 30 minutes. The volume ratio of biological acid extract to silicate bacterial agent in the mixture was 100:3. The silicate bacterial agent was Bacillus mucilaginosus agent with an effective viable count of The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 5.5, and the temperature of the mixture was controlled at 22℃ during soaking. The cuttings were gently stirred every 5 minutes during soaking. After soaking, they were placed in a cool, ventilated place to dry until there was no water film on the surface of the cuttings, but the cut ends remained moist. The cuttings were selected from one-year-old semi-lignified branches, cut into 9cm lengths, and retaining 2.5 leaves.

[0068] (3) Preparation of alternative particles: Same as step (3) in Example 1, using unmodified crushed stone.

[0069] (4) Preparation of alternative matrix: Same as step (4) in Example 1, using peat soil mixed with unmodified crushed stone.

[0070] (5) Preparation of alternative suspension: Same as step (5) in Example 1, but use water instead of microcapsule suspension.

[0071] (6) Cuttings planting: Same as step (6) in Example 1.

[0072] (7) Coating treatment: Same as step (7) in Example 1, spray with clean water.

[0073] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 1.

[0074] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0075] detection indicators Measured values Remark Callus induction rate (%) 74.5 Statistics 15 days after cuttings Rooting rate (%) 68.3 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 4.8 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 3.9 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 38.7 TTC method determination Incidence of calcium deposition at the base of cuttings (%) 21.3 White precipitate at the cut Leaf yellowing rate (%) 16.5 Statistics 30 days after cuttings New shoot emergence rate (%) 52.6 Statistics 50 days after cuttings substrate pH changes 7.8→6.9 Initial → 50 days later

[0076] Results analysis:

[0077] Example 1, using conventional water treatment under alkaline karst conditions (pH 7.8), resulted in severe calcium deposition at the base of the cuttings (76.0% incidence), significantly hindering callus formation and achieving a rooting rate of only 37.5%. Example 2, using a bio-acid extract (pH 4.5) and silicate inoculant, showed that the organic acid chelation significantly reduced the calcium deposition rate (to 32.5%) and increased the rooting rate to 61.2%. Example 3 further optimized fermentation conditions (using lichen mixture and extending fermentation time to 10 days) and inoculant concentration to achieve a higher organic acid content. The incidence of calcium precipitation decreased to 21.3%, and the rooting rate increased to 68.3%. The results showed that the organic acids in the biological acid extract could effectively chelate calcium ions on the surface of the cuttings, and the silicate bacteria agent activated the cell wall of the cut. The synergistic effect of the two significantly alleviated the alkaline stress problem in the karst region.

[0078] Fourth embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0079] (1) Preparation of bio-acid extract: Same as step (1) in Example 3, using a mixture of lichen and moss (1:1), a solid-liquid ratio of 1:8, fermented at 30℃ for 10 days, to obtain a bio-acid extract with pH 4.2 and organic acid content. .

[0080] (2) Cutting etching treatment: Same as step (2) in Example 3, soaking in a mixture of biological acid leaching solution and silicate bacterial agent (100:3) for 40 minutes at 22°C, and then air drying.

[0081] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: Abandoned limestone from karst areas was crushed to a particle size of 3.5 mm, washed with clean water to remove surface soil, dried at 105℃ to constant weight, calcined at 700℃ for 1.5 hours at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, and then naturally cooled to room temperature after holding at that temperature to obtain modified lava particles. The specific surface area was measured. Its surface carries a positive charge.

[0082] (4) Preparation of artificial granular matrix: The solid residue remaining after fermentation in step (1) is pressed and dehydrated to a moisture content of 65%, and mixed with the modified lava particles obtained in step (3) at a mass ratio of 1:3. Microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction bacterial solution (Bacillus pasteurellii bacterial solution, bacterial solution concentration) is added. The amount of bacterial solution added is 20% of the total mass of solid residue and modified lava particles. After stirring evenly, let it stand for 2.5 days for curing. During the curing period, spray water once every 12 hours to maintain humidity until white calcium carbonate crystals appear on the surface of the substrate.

[0083] (5) Preparation of alternative suspension: Same as step (5) in Example 1, but use water instead of microcapsule suspension.

[0084] (6) Cuttings and planting: Fill the cutting bed with the artificial granular substrate prepared in step (4). The bottom layer of the cutting bed is pre-laid with perforated bamboo tubes, and a wavy support net is laid on the bamboo tubes. Then fill the substrate on top of the wavy support net with a filling thickness of 9cm. Before cutting, spray the substrate with clean water to a moisture content of 62%. Insert the cuttings treated in step (2) into the substrate at a depth of 4cm and a spacing of 4cm between plants and rows. .

[0085] (7) Coating treatment: Same as step (7) in Example 1, spray with clean water.

[0086] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 1, except that bottom watering is done by injecting clean water through the perforated bamboo tube at the bottom of the cutting bed, keeping the water level at 2 / 3 of the height of the bamboo tube, and using capillary action to allow water to penetrate from bottom to top into the substrate.

[0087] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0088] detection indicators Measured values Remark Rooting rate (%) 75.6 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 5.7 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 4.5 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 44.2 TTC method determination Matrix bulk density (g / cm³) 0.68 Measurement 50 days after cutting Matrix porosity (%) 52.3 Measurement 50 days after cutting Substrate collapse rate (%) after alternating wet and dry conditions 18.5 Simulate 3 wet and dry cycles Root mechanical damage rate (%) 12.3 proportion of new roots broken Uniformity of calcium carbonate crystals in the matrix good visual observation Bottom water supply capillary rise height (cm) 8.2 24-hour measurement

[0089] Fifth embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0090] (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: Same as step (1) in Example 3, with no change in parameters.

[0091] (2) Etching treatment of scions: Same as step (2) in Example 3, with no change in parameters.

[0092] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: Karst limestone was crushed to a particle size of 3.5 mm, calcined at 800℃ for 2 hours at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, and then naturally cooled after holding at that temperature to obtain modified lava particles with a specific surface area of .

[0093] (4) Preparation of artificial aggregate matrix: The fermentation residue (moisture content 65%) from step (1) is mixed with the modified lava particles at a mass ratio of 1:4, and microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction bacterial solution (Bacillus pasteurellii, bacterial solution concentration) is added. The bacterial solution should be added at 25% of the total mass. After stirring evenly, let it stand for 3 days for curing. Spray water every 12 hours during the curing period.

[0094] (5) Preparation of alternative suspension: Same as step (5) in Example 1, using water.

[0095] (6) Cuttings planting: Same as step (6) in Example 4, using the same cutting bed structure.

[0096] (7) Coating treatment: Same as step (7) in Example 1, spray with clean water.

[0097] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 4, bottom watering management.

[0098] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0099] detection indicators Measured values Remark Rooting rate (%) 81.3 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 6.4 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 5.2 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 51.8 TTC method determination Matrix bulk density (g / cm³) 0.59 Measurement 50 days after cutting Matrix porosity (%) 58.7 Measurement 50 days after cutting Substrate collapse rate (%) after alternating wet and dry conditions 11.2 Simulate 3 wet and dry cycles Root mechanical damage rate (%) 7.5 proportion of new roots broken Uniformity of calcium carbonate crystals in the matrix excellent White crystals are evenly distributed. Bottom water supply capillary rise height (cm) 9.5 24-hour measurement

[0100] The sixth embodiment, as follows: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0101] (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: Same as step (1) in Example 3, with no change in parameters.

[0102] (2) Etching treatment of scions: Same as step (2) in Example 3, with no change in parameters.

[0103] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: Karst limestone and dolomite were mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1, crushed to a particle size of 3.5 mm, calcined at 750℃ for 2 hours at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, and then naturally cooled after the holding period to obtain modified lava particles with a specific surface area of The surface positive charge density is increased.

[0104] (4) Preparation of artificial aggregate matrix: The fermentation residue (moisture content 65%) from step (1) is mixed with the modified lava particles at a mass ratio of 1:3, and microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction bacterial solution (Bacillus pasteurellii, bacterial solution concentration) is added. The bacterial solution is added at 22% of the total mass. After stirring evenly, it is left to stand for 3 days for curing. During the curing period, water is sprayed every 12 hours.

[0105] (5) Preparation of alternative suspension: Same as step (5) in Example 1, using water.

[0106] (6) Cuttings planting: Same as step (6) in Example 4, using the same cutting bed structure.

[0107] (7) Coating treatment: Same as step (7) in Example 1, spray with clean water.

[0108] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 4, bottom watering management.

[0109] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0110] detection indicators Measured values Remark Rooting rate (%) 84.7 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 7.2 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 5.8 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 57.3 TTC method determination Matrix bulk density (g / cm³) 0.54 Measurement 50 days after cutting Matrix porosity (%) 62.5 Measurement 50 days after cutting Substrate collapse rate (%) after alternating wet and dry conditions 7.8 Simulate 3 wet and dry cycles Root mechanical damage rate (%) 4.6 proportion of new roots broken Uniformity of calcium carbonate crystals in the matrix Excellent Well-developed crystallization network Bottom water supply capillary rise height (cm) 10.3 24-hour measurement

[0111] Results analysis:

[0112] Example 4 uses modified lava particles (calcined at 700℃) and MICP technology to reduce the matrix bulk density to The collapse rate during alternating wet and dry conditions was 18.5%, a significant improvement compared to conventional matrices. Example 5 increased the calcination temperature to 800℃ and extended the calcination time to 2 hours, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the lava particles to [missing information]. The concentration of MICP bacterial solution was increased to The matrix porosity increased to 58.7%, the collapse rate decreased to 11.2%, and the root mechanical damage rate decreased to 7.5%. Example 6 introduced a mixture of dolomite and limestone for calcination, utilizing the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the two rocks to form a richer microporous structure, achieving a specific surface area of ​​[missing information]. Meanwhile, the concentration of MIP bacterial culture was optimized to... This resulted in a stable artificial aggregate structure in the matrix, with a collapse rate of only 7.8% and a root mechanical damage rate of 4.6%. The results indicate that modified lava particles, acting as a supporting framework, and MIP-induced calcium carbonate crystals, acting as a cementing agent, synergistically constructed a loose and porous stable matrix structure, effectively solving the problems of matrix collapse and root mechanical damage caused by alternating wet and dry conditions in karst areas.

[0113] The seventh embodiment, as follows Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0114] (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: Same as step (1) in Example 3, lichen and moss are mixed (1:1) and fermented at 30°C for 10 days to obtain biological acid extract with pH 4.2.

[0115] (2) Cutting etching treatment: Same as step (2) in Example 3, soak in biological acid leaching solution and silicate bacterial agent mixture (100:3) for 40 minutes.

[0116] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: Same as step (3) in Example 6, limestone and dolomite (2:1) are mixed and calcined at 750°C for 2 hours.

[0117] (4) Preparation of artificial granular matrix: Same as step (4) in Example 6, fermentation residue is mixed with modified lava particles (1:3), MICP bacterial solution ( Add 22% and allow to cure for 3 days.

[0118] (5) Preparation of common actinomycete suspension: Dilute commercially available actinomycete inoculum (Streptomyces) with water to the spore concentration. It can be used directly as a suspension without microencapsulation.

[0119] (6) Cuttings planting: Fill the cutting bed with the artificial granular substrate prepared in step (4) (same structure as in Example 4), and insert the cuttings treated in step (2) into the substrate at a depth of 4 cm and a spacing of 1 cm between plants and rows. .

[0120] (7) Covering treatment: After the cutting is completed, the ordinary actinomycete suspension prepared in step (5) is evenly sprayed on the substrate surface around the base of the cutting. The spraying amount is 250ml per square meter, and a sprayer with a nozzle diameter of 1mm is used.

[0121] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 6, bottom watering management.

[0122] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0123] detection indicators Measured values Remark Rooting rate (%) 85.3 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average root length (cm) 5.9 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 58.2 TTC method determination Incidence rate of root rot (%) 18.7 Statistics 40 days after cuttings Fusarium count (CFU / g matrix) <![CDATA[4.2×10 4 ]]> Measurement 30 days after cutting Actinomycete survival rate (%, 30 days) 23.5 Plate counting method Actinomycete survival rate (%, 50 days) 8.7 Plate counting method Microcapsule integrity - No microcapsules used tolerance to alkaline environment Difference Activity decreases when pH > 7.5 Duration of disease control (days) 12 Effective inhibition period

[0124] Eighth embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0125] (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: Same as step (1) in Example 3, with no change in parameters.

[0126] (2) Etching treatment of scions: Same as step (2) in Example 3, with no change in parameters.

[0127] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: Same as step (3) in Example 6, limestone and dolomite are mixed and calcined.

[0128] (4) Preparation of artificial aggregate matrix: Same as step (4) in Example 6, MICP curing for 3 days.

[0129] (5) Preparation of conventional microcapsule suspension: Calcium- and alkali-tolerant actinomycete spores (Streptomyces species isolated from bat guano in karst caves, spore concentration) were added. A mixture of sodium alginate (2% by mass) and sodium chloride (3% by mass) was added at a mass ratio of 1:12. This mixture was then added dropwise to a calcium chloride (3% by mass) solution for cross-linking and curing for 45 minutes with continuous slow stirring to form microcapsules with a particle size of 2 mm. The microcapsules were collected, washed twice with water, and resuspended in water at a volume ratio of 1:6 to obtain a microcapsule suspension. No karst polysaccharide was added.

[0130] (6) Cuttings planting: Same as step (6) in Example 7.

[0131] (7) Coating with microcapsules: After the cutting is completed, the microcapsule suspension prepared in step (5) is evenly sprayed on the substrate surface around the base of the cutting. The spraying amount is 250ml per square meter. A sprayer with a nozzle diameter of 1mm is used. Avoid watering above for 2 hours after spraying.

[0132] (8) Seedling management: Same as step (8) in Example 6, bottom watering management.

[0133] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0134] detection indicators Measured values Remark Rooting rate (%) 86.1 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average root length (cm) 6.1 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 59.4 TTC method determination Incidence rate of root rot (%) 11.5 Statistics 40 days after cuttings Fusarium count (CFU / g matrix) <![CDATA[2.3×10 4 ]]> Measurement 30 days after cutting Actinomycete survival rate (%, 30 days) 52.8 Plate counting method Actinomycete survival rate (%, 50 days) 31.6 Plate counting method Microcapsule integrity Partial rupture Microscopic observation tolerance to alkaline environment medium Partial disintegration at pH 7.8 Duration of disease control (days) 28 Effective inhibition period

[0135] Ninth embodiment, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a suitable method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings in karst regions, specifically including the following steps:

[0136] (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: Same as step (1) in Example 3, lichen and moss are mixed (1:1) and fermented at 30°C for 10 days to obtain biological acid extract with pH 4.2 and organic acid content of 17.8 g / L.

[0137] (2) Cutting etching treatment: Same as step (2) in Example 3, soak in a mixture of biological acid solution and silicate bacterial agent (100:3) for 40 minutes at 22°C, and then air dry.

[0138] (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: Same as step (3) in Example 6, limestone and dolomite (2:1) are mixed and calcined at 750℃ for 2 hours, specific surface area .

[0139] (4) Preparation of artificial granular matrix: Same as step (4) in Example 6, fermentation residue is mixed with modified lava particles (1:3), MICP bacterial solution ( Add 22%, let it cure for 3 days to form a stable granular structure.

[0140] (5) Preparation of microcapsule suspension: Calcium-loving and alkali-tolerant Streptomyces actinomycetes were isolated from bat guano in karst caves, and spores were collected after culturing. The spore concentration was [missing information]. Actinomycete spores were mixed with sodium alginate-karst polysaccharide composite gel at a mass ratio of 1:12. The sodium alginate-karst polysaccharide composite gel was prepared by mixing 2% sodium alginate solution and 1% karst cactus polysaccharide extract at a volume ratio of 3:1. The mixture was then added dropwise to a 3% calcium chloride solution for cross-linking and solidification for 45 minutes with continuous slow stirring to form microcapsules with a particle size of 2 mm. After collection, the microcapsules were washed twice with water and resuspended in water at a volume ratio of 1:6 to obtain a microcapsule suspension.

[0141] (6) Cuttings and planting: Fill the cutting bed with the artificial granular substrate prepared in step (4). The bottom layer of the cutting bed is pre-laid with perforated bamboo tubes, and a wavy support net (wave height 2.5cm, mesh size 4mm) is laid on the bamboo tubes. Then fill the substrate on top of the wavy support net with a filling thickness of 9cm. Before cutting, spray the substrate with clean water to a moisture content of 62%. Insert the cuttings treated in step (2) into the substrate at a depth of 4cm and a spacing of 4cm between plants and rows. .

[0142] (7) Coating with microcapsules: After the cutting is completed, the microcapsule suspension prepared in step (5) is evenly sprayed on the substrate surface around the base of the cutting. The spraying amount is 250ml per square meter. A sprayer with a nozzle diameter of 1mm is used. Avoid watering above for 2 hours after spraying so that the microcapsules can settle naturally and adhere to the base of the cutting and the surface of the surrounding substrate particles.

[0143] (8) Seedling management: Control the temperature at 25℃ and the relative humidity at 90%. After cutting, inject clean water into the perforated bamboo tube at the bottom of the cutting bed every 6 days, keeping the water level at 2 / 3 of the height of the bamboo tube, and use capillary action to allow the water to seep into the substrate from bottom to top. Spray with a 0.15% concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer once on the 10th day after cutting. Starting from the 25th day after cutting, spray with a 0.08% concentration of urea solution once every 7 days. The seedlings are raised for 50 days.

[0144] Experimental Results Record Table (Statistics over 50 Days)

[0145] detection indicators Measured values Remark Rooting rate (%) 91.8 Statistics 50 days after cuttings Average number of roots per plant 8.5 Main root length >1cm Average root length (cm) 6.8 Longest root measurement Root activity (μg TTF / g·h) 68.5 TTC method determination Incidence rate of root rot (%) 3.2 Statistics 40 days after cuttings Fusarium count (CFU / g matrix) <![CDATA[0.6×10 4 ]]> Measurement 30 days after cutting Actinomycete survival rate (%, 30 days) 78.4 Plate counting method Actinomycete survival rate (%, 50 days) 62.7 Plate counting method Microcapsule integrity (30 days) intact Microscopic observation Microcapsule integrity (50 days) Partial rupture Slow release tolerance to alkaline environment Excellent Stable at pH 7.8 Duration of disease control (days) >45 Continuous and effective inhibition Soil enzyme activity (sucrase, mg / g) 28.6 +32.4% compared to control Available phosphorus content in soil (mg / kg) 15.7 +26.8% compared to control

[0146] Results analysis:

[0147] Example 7 used an unencapsulated actinomycete suspension. Under alkaline conditions (pH 7.8) and frequent watering in a karst environment, the actinomycetes were rapidly inactivated, with a 30-day survival rate of only 23.5% and a root rot incidence rate of 18.7%, indicating limited control effectiveness. Example 8 introduced conventional sodium alginate microcapsule encapsulation technology, increasing the actinomycete survival rate to 52.8% (30 days) and reducing the root rot incidence rate to 11.5%. However, the microcapsules partially disintegrated in an alkaline environment, decreasing the 50-day survival rate to 31.6%. Example 9 used calciphilic and alkali-tolerant actinomycetes isolated from bat guano in karst caves, using sodium alginate-karst polysaccharide composite gel as the wall material. The polysaccharide components in the karst cactus polysaccharide extract enhanced the structural stability of the microcapsules in an alkaline environment and formed a denser cross-linked network with calcium ions, allowing the microcapsules to remain intact under pH 7.8 conditions. The actinomycetes were slowly released, and the 50-day survival rate still reached 62.7%. The microcapsules responsively release actinomycetes when soil moisture increases, actively "hunting" pathogens, resulting in a root rot incidence rate of only 3.2%, a reduction of 82.9% compared to Example 7. Simultaneously, the metabolic activity of the actinomycetes promoted soil enzyme activity (sucrase activity +34.3%) and available phosphorus content (+22.7%), achieving a dual effect of disease control and soil improvement.

[0148] Key Indicator Comprehensive Comparison Table

[0149] Example Technical features Rooting rate (%) Incidence rate of root rot (%) Matrix collapse rate (%) Calcium deposition rate (%) Example 1 Standard treatment (control) 37.5 32.4 42.3 76.0 Example 2 +Bio-acid leaching solution 61.2 28.7 38.5 32.5 Example 3 +Optimize acid leaching solution 68.3 26.2 35.8 21.3 Example 4 +Modified lava particles 75.6 23.5 18.5 19.8 Example 5 +Optimized calcination 81.3 20.8 11.2 18.2 Example 6 +Mixed rock modification 84.7 19.3 7.8 17.5 Example 7 +Common Actinomycetes 85.3 18.7 7.5 16.8 Example 8 +Conventional microcapsules 86.1 11.5 7.3 16.2 Example 9 +Karst Polysaccharide Microcapsules 91.8 3.2 7.1 15.8

[0150] Overall conclusion:

[0151] Through progressive technological improvements, a systematic solution was provided for the three core problems in the propagation of Bird King Tea cuttings in karst areas (alkali stress and calcium precipitation, substrate collapse and root mechanical damage, and soil-borne fungal diseases). Example 9 comprehensively applied biological acid etching treatment, modified lava particles and MIP to construct a stable granular structure, and karst polysaccharide composite microcapsules to encapsulate calciphilic and alkali-tolerant actinomycetes. This resulted in a rooting rate of 91.8% for Bird King Tea cuttings and a reduction in root rot incidence to 3.2%. Compared to the conventional treatment (Example 1), the rooting rate increased by 145%, and the disease incidence decreased by 90%. The various technical features exhibited significant synergistic effects, jointly adapting to the unique environment of karst areas and providing technical support for the ecological restoration of rocky desertification and the development of the specialty tea industry.

[0152] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0153] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A suitable device for the propagation of the bird-king tea tree by cuttings in karst regions, comprising a cutting bed (1), characterized in that: The cutting bed (1) is box-shaped, and the cutting bed (1) is provided with a water storage layer (2), a support layer (3) and a seedling layer (4) from bottom to top. The water storage layer (2) is composed of perforated bamboo tubes arranged in parallel. Both ends of the water storage layer (2) extend to the outside of the cutting bed (1) and are connected to the water level observation tube (5). The support layer (3) is a wave-shaped support net laid on top of the water storage layer (2); The seedling layer (4) is a movable seedling tray placed above the support layer (3), and the bottom of the seedling layer (4) is provided with a conical positioning hole.

2. A method for propagating the bird-king tea tree by cuttings in karst regions, using the apparatus described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of biological acid extract: collect moss and lichen from karst rocky desertification areas, crush them, add water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 to 1:8, and anaerobic ferment at 25 to 30°C for 7 to 10 days. Filter and collect the fermentation liquid to obtain biological acid extract. (2) Cutting etching treatment: The base of the Bird King Tea cuttings is immersed in the mixture of the biological acid extract and silicate bacteria agent for 20 to 40 minutes. The volume ratio of the biological acid extract to the silicate bacteria agent in the mixture is 100:1 to 100:

3. After immersion, the cuttings are naturally dried. (3) Preparation of modified lava particles: crush karst gravel to a particle size of 2-5 mm, calcine at 600-800℃ for 1-2 hours, and obtain modified lava particles after cooling; (4) Preparation of artificial granular matrix: The solid residue remaining after fermentation in step (1) is mixed with the modified lava particles obtained in step (3) at a mass ratio of 1:2 to 1:

4. Microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction solution is added. The amount of the induction solution is 15% to 25% of the total mass of the solid residue and the modified lava particles. After stirring evenly, the mixture is left to stand for 2 to 3 days to obtain artificial granular matrix. (5) Preparation of microcapsule suspension: Calcium-loving and alkali-resistant actinomycete spores and sodium alginate karst polysaccharide composite gel are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:15 and dropped into a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 2% to 4% for cross-linking and solidification for 30 to 60 minutes to form microcapsules with a particle size of 1 to 3 mm. After collection, they are suspended in water to obtain microcapsule suspension. (6) Cuttings and planting: Fill the seedling layer of the cutting bed with the artificial granular substrate prepared in step (4), and insert the cuttings treated in step (2) into the substrate at a depth of 3-5 cm and a spacing of 5 cm × 8 cm. (7) Coating with microcapsules: After the cutting is completed, the microcapsule suspension prepared in step (5) is evenly sprayed on the substrate surface around the base of the cutting, with a spraying amount of 200-300 ml per square meter of substrate. (8) Seedling management: control the temperature at 22-28℃ and the relative humidity at 85%-95%. After cutting, water should be added to the bottom of the cutting bed every 5-7 days. Seedlings should be raised for 40-60 days.

3. The method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (1), the moss and lichen were collected from the rock surface of the karst rocky desertification area and naturally dried. After being crushed, they were passed through a 20-mesh sieve. During anaerobic fermentation, the mixture was stirred once every 3 days for 5 minutes each time. After fermentation, the mixture was filtered through a 100-mesh filter cloth. The pH value of the resulting biological acid extract was 4.2 to 4.8, and the total organic acid content was 12 to 18 g / L.

4. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the silicate bacterial agent is a Bacillus mucilaginosus agent with an effective viable count ≥ The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 5.5-6.0, the temperature of the mixture is controlled at 22-25℃ during soaking, and the mixture is gently stirred every 5 minutes during soaking. When drying, the cuttings are placed in a cool and ventilated place until there is no water film on the surface of the cuttings but the cut ends remain moist.

5. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3), the karst crushed stone is selected from abandoned limestone or dolomite in karst areas. Before calcination, it is washed with clean water to remove surface soil and then dried at 105℃ to constant weight. The heating rate during calcination is 10℃ / minute. After the heat preservation is completed, it is naturally cooled to room temperature. The specific surface area of ​​the resulting modified lava particles is 15-25. Its surface carries a positive charge.

6. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (4), the microbial induction of calcium carbonate precipitation is a Bacillus pasteurellii bacterial solution with a concentration of [missing information]. The solid residue is the material obtained after fermentation and filtration in step (1) and then dehydrated by pressing to a moisture content of 60% to 70%. During the static curing period, water is sprayed once every 12 hours to maintain humidity until white calcium carbonate crystals appear on the surface of the substrate.

7. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (5), the calciphilic and alkali-tolerant actinomycete spores are Streptomyces actinomycete spores isolated from bat guano in karst caves, with a spore concentration of [missing information]. The sodium alginate karst polysaccharide composite gel is made by mixing a 2% sodium alginate solution and a 1% karst cactus polysaccharide extract at a volume ratio of 3:1, and the cross-linking and solidification in the calcium chloride solution is accompanied by continuous slow stirring.

8. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (6), perforated bamboo tubes are laid at the bottom of the cutting bed, and a wavy support net is laid on the bamboo tubes. Then, artificial granular substrate is filled on top of the wavy support net with a filling thickness of 8-10cm. Before cutting, the substrate is sprayed with clean water to a moisture content of 60%-65%. The cuttings are selected from one-year-old semi-lignified branches, cut into cuttings 8-10cm long and retaining 2-3 half leaves.

9. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for preparing the microcapsule suspension in step (7) is to wash the solidified microcapsules with clean water 2 to 3 times, and then resuspend them in water at a volume ratio of microcapsules to clean water of 1:5 to 1:

8. When spraying, use a sprayer with a nozzle diameter of 1 mm. Avoid watering from above for 2 hours after spraying so that the microcapsules can settle naturally and adhere to the base of the cutting and the surface of the surrounding matrix particles.

10. A method for propagating the King of Birds Tea (Acer negundo) by cuttings suitable for karst regions according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step (8), bottom watering involves injecting clean water through the perforated bamboo tube at the bottom of the cutting bed, keeping the water level at 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the bamboo tube height. Water is then allowed to seep into the substrate from bottom to top using capillary action. On the 10th day after cutting, a foliar fertilizer of 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed once. Starting from the 25th day after cutting, a urea solution of 0.05% to 0.1% is sprayed every 7 days. Transplanting is carried out when the rooting rate reaches more than 85%.

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