A method for synergistically improving grassland plant diversity and productivity

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for synergistically improving grassland plant diversity and productivity, relating to the field of degraded grassland ecological restoration technology. The method involves selecting degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe as the restoration target and delineating restoration plots. Within the operational window, targeted aeration and fertilization are carried out on the restoration plots to obtain improved restoration plots. These improved restoration plots are then continuously fenced off for at least two growing seasons for natural enclosure. This invention, through the synergistic effect of targeted aeration and precise fertilization, breaks through soil physical limitations and replenishes nutrient bottlenecks, achieving simultaneous improvement in plant diversity and productivity of degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe. It effectively optimizes the plant community structure and promotes the evolution of degraded communities into stable perennial herbaceous communities. Furthermore, this invention features highly standardized and mechanized operational parameters, high restoration efficiency, and is suitable for the large-scale restoration needs of degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe, balancing ecological benefits and production potential, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology for degraded grasslands, specifically to a method for synergistically improving grassland plant diversity and productivity. Background Technology

[0002] Grassland ecosystems are an important component of terrestrial ecosystems in northern my country. They serve as the core material basis for livestock development and play crucial ecological functions in maintaining biodiversity, soil and water conservation, and carbon sequestration. Among these, the sheepgrass meadow steppe in the temperate semi-arid region is a typical grassland type in northern my country. Affected by long-term overgrazing, climate change, and unreasonable human activities, this type of grassland generally suffers from severe degradation, characterized by severe soil compaction and fertility depletion, homogenization of plant community structure, a decline in the proportion of high-quality forage grasses, and a coexistence of species diversity loss and significant reduction in productivity. Existing restoration measures, such as simple fencing, can only eliminate grazing disturbance and cannot quickly overcome soil physical and nutrient limiting factors. Furthermore, simple physical improvement or fertilizer application can easily lead to the overexpansion of single functional groups, making it difficult to achieve a synergistic improvement in plant diversity and productivity.

[0003] To address the technological need for synergistic improvement of grassland plant diversity and productivity, existing technologies have proposed targeted solutions through relevant patents. For example, patent publication number CN116034821B proposes to achieve synergistic improvement of diversity and productivity in Songnen saline-alkali grassland by screening target species, artificially transplanting to construct plant communities, and regulating species density ratios. However, this technology is designed for the saline-alkali habitat characteristics of Songnen saline-alkali grassland and relies heavily on manual screening, seedling transplantation, and repeated removal of non-target species. The operation process is cumbersome and labor-intensive. Furthermore, its restoration principles and techniques are not applicable to temperate semi-arid degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe, where soil compaction and fertility deficiency are the core limiting factors. Currently, there is no synergistic restoration method for this type of grassland that combines the advantages of mechanized operation with the ability to simultaneously overcome soil physical and nutrient bottlenecks. This has become a key issue restricting the precise restoration and sustainable utilization of temperate semi-arid degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for synergistically improving grassland plant diversity and productivity, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for synergistically improving grassland plant diversity and productivity includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Select the degraded Leymus chinensis meadow grassland as the restoration target and delineate the restoration area;

[0008] S2. Determine the operation window period, and carry out directional drilling and fertilization in the remediation plots within the operation window period to obtain improved and remediated plots;

[0009] S3. Continue to implement natural enclosure with fences in the improved and restored communities.

[0010] Furthermore, the area of ​​the repaired community is ≥2.52 hm². 2 .

[0011] Furthermore, the operational window period is when the soil thawing depth in the repair area is ≥10cm and falls during the pre-rain period from late May to late June.

[0012] Furthermore, the method of directional drilling and fertilization in conjunction with soil drilling is as follows: directional drilling and loosening operations are performed on the remediation plot using soil drilling machinery and fertilizer is applied into the drilling channels at the same time as the directional drilling and loosening operations, thereby obtaining an improved and remediated plot.

[0013] Furthermore, the operating parameters for the directional drilling loosening operation are: drilling depth 10-16cm, hole diameter 3-6cm, and hole spacing 6cm-8cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the directional drilling loosening operation is performed 2-3 times.

[0015] Furthermore, the remediation fertilizer includes a main fertilizer and a supplementary fertilizer. The main fertilizer is any one of granular organic fertilizer, bio-organic fertilizer, farmyard manure, and powdered organic fertilizer. The supplementary fertilizer is an inorganic nitrogen fertilizer. The organic matter content of the granular organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer is 20%-45%, and the organic matter content of the farmyard manure and powdered organic fertilizer is ≥30%.

[0016] Furthermore, the application amount of the remediation fertilizer is as follows:

[0017] When using either granular organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer as the main fertilizer, the application rate is 675-900 kg / hm². 2 The application rate of compound fertilizer is 150-225 kg / hm. 2 ;

[0018] When using either farmyard manure or powdered organic fertilizer as the main fertilizer, the application rate is 1500-3000 kg / hm². 2 The application rate of compound fertilizer is 150-225 kg / hm. 2 .

[0019] Furthermore, the enclosure naturally sustains the environment for at least two growing seasons.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention addresses the core problems of soil compaction and fertility deficiency in degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppes in temperate semi-arid regions. It replaces single-method restoration with a synergistic approach of directional aeration and precise fertilization, simultaneously overcoming both soil physical and nutrient bottlenecks. This effectively achieves a synergistic improvement in plant diversity and productivity, resolving the issue of inconsistent results from traditional single-method restoration. Furthermore, this invention employs standardized parameters for mechanized aeration and fertilization, combined with simple fencing for natural containment management, significantly reducing labor costs and improving restoration efficiency. It is well-suited for the large-scale restoration needs of degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppes in temperate semi-arid regions, promoting the evolution of degraded communities into stable perennial herbaceous communities. This fills the gap in mechanized synergistic restoration technology for this type of grassland, balancing ecological benefits and production potential, resulting in more practical and sustainable restoration effects. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A bar chart showing the changes in aboveground biomass of plant functional groups under different treatments and years.

[0024] Figure 2 For different treatments and years, the plant community Bar chart showing the impact of diversity.

[0025] Figure 3 Ordination plot of plant community composition under different treatments using nonmetric multidimensional scale (NMDS) analysis.

[0026] Figure 4 For different treatments and years, the effects on plant communities Bar chart showing the impact of diversity.

[0027] Figure 5 The bar chart shows the changes in community biomass and root-to-shoot ratio under different treatments.

[0028] Figure 6 Pearson correlation heatmaps for plant functional groups, diversity indices, and biomass under different treatments.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the grassland test treatment method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] The following examples and control examples were conducted in the same study area, controlling for a single variable to ensure the comparability of the experimental results.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment employs the grassland plant diversity and productivity synergistic enhancement method of the present invention, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0034] S1. A severely degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe in a town in Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, was selected as the restoration target. This area has a temperate continental semi-arid climate with an average annual temperature of 3℃ and an average annual precipitation of 320mm. The soil is chestnut calcareous soil, with dominant species being Carex spp. and Clematis chinensis, accompanied by Leymus chinensis and Artemisia frigida. Vegetation cover is less than 40%, and the soil is severely compacted with low organic matter content, meeting the characteristics of severely degraded grassland. Restoration plots were delineated for the target, each plot being 30m wide and covering an area of ​​2.52 hm². 2 A 10m wide isolation zone is set up between the restoration area and other restoration teams to avoid mutual interference between the treatment areas. After the restoration area is delineated, a fence is set up in advance for basic maintenance to eliminate grazing interference.

[0035] S2. The selected window for the operation is late May 2024, before the rains. At this time, the soil thaw depth in the repair area reaches 15cm, and the soil moisture is good, meeting the requirements for operations during the critical period for pasture growth. (See below) Figure 1 The experimental treatment design is shown.

[0036] S3. Soil aeration equipment is used for the operation. The aeration head is made of high-strength steel. The operating parameters are set as follows: a drilling depth of 15cm, a hole diameter of 5cm, and a hole spacing of 7cm. The soil aeration equipment travels in a straight line along the contour line at a constant speed of 6km / h. The loosening operation is repeated twice. Fertilization and improvement are carried out simultaneously with the aeration and loosening operation. The remediation fertilizer is a bio-organic fertilizer with an organic matter content of 30% as the main fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer as a supplementary fertilizer. The application rate is 675kg / hm² of bio-organic fertilizer. 2 150 kg / hm of urea 2 The fertilizer is evenly injected into the holes using a soil drilling machine equipped with a fertilizer applicator, ensuring that the fertilizer is in full contact with the disturbed soil. After the operation is completed, the improved and restored plot is obtained.

[0037] S4. Continue to implement full-fence natural enclosure for the improved and restored areas, prohibiting human interference such as grazing and grass cutting, with the enclosure period covering the two complete growing seasons of 2024 and 2025; vegetation and soil samples will be collected and tested in August 2024 and early to mid-August 2025, respectively.

[0038] Compare with Example 1

[0039] This control example serves as a blank control. A degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe with site conditions identical to those in Example 1 was selected as the restoration plot, covering an area of ​​2.52 hm². 2 Without taking any measures such as drilling, fertilizing, or fence repair, the natural grazing will be maintained, and vegetation and soil samples will be collected and tested simultaneously in August 2024 and early to mid-August 2025.

[0040] Compare with Example 2

[0041] This control example is a single-fence enclosure treatment. A degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe with the same site conditions as Example 1 was selected as the restoration plot, with an area of ​​2.52 hm². 2 The enclosure was completely fenced off to prevent grazing interference. No drilling or fertilization was carried out. The enclosure period was the same as in Example 1. Vegetation and soil samples were collected and tested simultaneously in August 2024 and early to mid-August 2025.

[0042] Compare with Example 3

[0043] This comparative example selected a degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe with the same site conditions as Example 1 and designated a restoration plot with an area of ​​2.52 hm². The operation window period, type of restoration fertilizer, fertilizer application rate and enclosure management were the same as in Example 1. The only difference was that the aeration and loosening operation was replaced with root cutting operation. A 9QP-830 grassland root cutting machine was used for root cutting pretreatment. The root cutting depth was 15 cm and the root cutting length and width were both 30 cm, in a grid pattern. Vegetation and soil samples were collected and tested simultaneously in August 2024 and mid-August 2025.

[0044] The treatment designs of Example 1 and Control Examples 1-3 are summarized in Table 1 below, which shows the experimental treatment design table.

[0045] Table 1: Experimental Treatment Design Table

[0046] In August 2024 and early to mid-August 2025, vegetation and soil samples were collected and tested simultaneously in each restoration area. Data analysis was then performed based on the test data. The testing and data analysis methods are as follows:

[0047] (1) Vegetation community survey: Three 1m×1m quadrats were randomly selected in each restoration plot. The community cover and number of species in the quadrats were recorded on site. The relative biomass, relative height, relative abundance and relative cover of plants were measured according to plant species. At the same time, plant samples were cut at ground level using the mowing method. After the fresh weight was measured in the laboratory, the samples were dried in a 65℃ oven to constant weight and the dry weight was measured to obtain the aboveground biomass (AGB).

[0048] (2) Determination of underground biomass: Plant root samples were collected from the 0-15cm and 15-30cm soil layers using the root drill method (7cm in diameter). After cleaning, the samples were dried at 65℃ to constant weight. The underground biomass of 15-30cm, 0-15cm and total underground biomass (BGB) were obtained by weighing. The root-to-shoot ratio R / S (R / S = total underground biomass / aboveground biomass) was calculated.

[0049] (3) Calculation of diversity indices: Based on quadrat survey data, the species importance value is calculated (species importance value = (relative abundance + relative cover + relative height + relative biomass) / 4), and the Margalef richness index (Ma) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (Ma) are calculated based on the species importance value. ), Simpson dominance index (D) and Pielou evenness index ( Simultaneously, based on the availability of species data, the total β diversity (βsor) and its turnover (βsim) and nesting (βsne) are calculated. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0050] Margalef richness is defined as: d = (S-1) / lnN;

[0051] Shannon-Winner Diversity Index: ;

[0052] Simpson dominance index: ;

[0053] Pielou evenness index: ;

[0054] Total β diversity: ;

[0055] turnover: ;

[0056] Nesting: ;

[0057] Where a is the number of species shared between quadrats, b and c are the number of species unique to each quadrat, S is the number of species in each quadrat, N is the total number of individuals of all species in each quadrat, and Pi is the species importance value of species i in each quadrat.

[0058] (4) Data analysis: SPSS 26.0 was used for one-way ANOVA, Duncan post-hoc test and two-way ANOVA. R4.4.1 software was used for non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and β diversity decomposition. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between plant functional groups and diversity and biomass.

[0059] The data analysis results are as follows:

[0060] Changes in aboveground biomass of plant functional groups under different treatments and years can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 The results of the two-way ANOVA are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2 shows the ANOVA table of the effects of treatment measures, years and their interactions on the aboveground biomass of plant functional groups. The treatment measures, years and their interactions had significant or highly significant effects on the aboveground biomass of most plant functional groups (P<0.001). Specifically, the promoting effect of Example 1 on perennial tufted grasses and perennial miscellaneous grasses was significantly enhanced in 2025. In 2025, the biomass of perennial tufted grasses reached 91.84 g / m², and the biomass of perennial miscellaneous grasses reached 147.64 g / m², both of which were the highest values ​​of each treatment. At the same time, the biomass of annual and biennial herbs in Example 1 increased significantly from 39.35 g / m² in 2024. The biomass of the plants decreased to 13.27 g / m² in 2025, indicating that the method of the present invention can significantly promote the synergistic growth of perennial herbaceous functional groups, while inhibiting the expansion of annual and biennial herbs, and promoting the community to evolve into a stable perennial herbaceous community. Control Example 3 only had a sustained promoting effect on perennial rhizomatous grasses, with its biomass reaching 88.14 g / m² in 2025, which was significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). However, the promoting effect on perennial miscellaneous grasses fluctuated greatly from year to year, and the synergistic growth of multiple functional groups was not achieved. Control Example 2 had a weak promoting effect on each plant functional group, which was far lower than the treatment group that combined physical measures with fertilization, confirming that it is difficult for severely degraded grasslands to quickly restore vegetation productivity by fencing alone.

[0061] Table 2: Analysis of Variance Table of the Effects of Treatments, Years and Their Interactions on Aboveground Biomass of Plant Functional Groups

[0062]

[0063] Note: PR stands for perennial rhizomatous grass; PB stands for perennial tufted grass; PF stands for perennial miscellaneous grass; AP stands for annual and biennial herb; AGB stands for aboveground biomass.

[0064] The effects of different treatments on plant community α-diversity are shown in [reference needed]. Figure 2The results of the two-way ANOVA are shown in Table 3 below, which illustrates the ANOVA of the effects of treatment measures, years, and their interactions on plant α-diversity. Specifically, in 2025, the Margalef richness index of Example 1 reached 2.65, which was not significantly different from that of Control Example 2, but significantly higher than that of Control Example 1 and Control Example 3 (P<0.05). At the same time, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of Example 1 remained the highest in both years, reaching 2.39 in 2025, which was significantly higher than that of Control Example 1 (P<0.05). This indicates that the method of the present invention can effectively maintain the species diversity of the community while improving productivity, and avoid the excessive dominance of a single species. The effect of Control Example 3 on improving the overall species diversity of the community was not significant. Its Margalef richness index and Shannon-Wiener index were significantly lower than those of Example 1, which confirms that root cutting and fertilization can only strengthen specific dominant functional groups and cannot improve the overall diversity of the community. There was no significant difference in the Pielou evenness index among all treatments, indicating that the restoration measures mainly affect community diversity by adjusting the number of species rather than the evenness of individual distribution.

[0065] Table 3: Analysis of Variance Table of the Influence of Treatments, Years and Their Interactions on Plant α-Diversity

[0066]

[0067] NMDS analysis of plant community composition under different treatments can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 (Stress=0.176) The results showed that Example 1 formed a unique and independent cluster in the ordination space, which was significantly different from Control Example 1, while the sample points of Control Example 2, Control Example 3 and Control Example 1 partially overlapped; the PERMANOVA test confirmed that the treatment, year and their interaction had a highly significant effect on the community composition (P<0.01), which together explained 62.5% of the community structure variation.

[0068] The effects of different treatments and years on plant community β-diversity are shown in [reference needed]. Figure 4 The results showed that in the interannual β-diversity analysis of the same treatment, the interannual community changes in Control Example 2 and Control Example 3 were mainly driven by species turnover (with turnover accounting for 97.8% and 96.6% respectively), as shown in Table 4 below, which shows the β-diversity values ​​of the same treatment in different years. In contrast, the nested component accounted for 42.7% of the interannual changes in Example 1, which was the highest among all treatments. This indicates that the community changes driven by the method of the present invention are accompanied by a net increase in species, which is consistent with the result of increased species richness. The spatial differences between different treatments were also mainly driven by turnover, as shown in Table 5 below, which shows that the total β-diversity between Example 1 and Control Example 1 was the highest in 2024 and 2025, indicating that the method of the present invention has the most significant effect on improving community structure.

[0069] Table 4: β-diversity values ​​for the same treatment in different years

[0070]

[0071] Table 5: β-diversity values ​​for different treatments in the same year

[0072]

[0073] Changes in community biomass and root-shoot ratio under different treatments are shown in [reference]. Figure 5 The results of the two-way ANOVA are shown in Table 6 below. The table illustrates the ANOVA of the effects of treatments, years, and their interactions on plant community biomass. Specifically, regarding aboveground biomass, in 2025, the aboveground biomass of the community in Example 1 reached 272.07 g / m², significantly higher than all other treatments (P<0.05), an increase of 46.8% compared to Control Example 1, 35.1% compared to Control Example 2, and 10.8% compared to Control Example 3, indicating that the method of this invention has the best and most sustainable effect on improving grassland productivity. Regarding underground biomass and root-to-shoot ratio, in 2025, the total underground biomass of Control Example 3 reached 4889.70 g / m². The root-to-shoot ratio was significantly higher than other treatments, while the root-to-shoot ratio of Example 1 was the lowest in both years, significantly lower than that of Control Example 1 and Control Example 2 (P<0.05). This indicates that the method of the present invention can effectively guide plants to allocate more resources to aboveground growth, adopt a "growth-first" carbon allocation strategy, and greatly improve the conversion efficiency of forage economic yield. In terms of underground biomass distribution, the underground biomass of each treatment was mainly concentrated in the 0-15cm soil layer. The proportion of underground biomass in the 0-15cm soil layer of Control Example 2 and Control Example 3 increased significantly in 2025, while the underground biomass of Control Example 1 was more distributed in the 15-30cm soil layer.

[0074] Table 6: Analysis of Variance Table of the Impact of Treatments, Years and Their Interactions on Plant Community Biomass

[0075]

[0076] Note: AGB is aboveground biomass; BGB is belowground biomass; R / S is root-to-shoot ratio; The underground biomass is 0-15cm. The biomass is 15-30cm underground; BGBP is the percentage of biomass 0-15cm underground.

[0077] Correlation analysis of plant functional groups, diversity indices, and biomass under different treatments can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6The results showed that in Control Examples 1 and 2, there was a strong interspecific competition among the plant functional groups. The perennial tufted grasses and perennial rhizomatous grasses showed a significant negative correlation, indicating that natural restoration alone could not eliminate the interspecific competition under resource constraints. In Example 1, the perennial rhizomatous grasses, perennial miscellaneous grasses, and perennial tufted grasses showed a highly significant positive correlation, achieving synergistic growth of the perennial herbaceous functional groups, and all of them were significantly positively correlated with the aboveground biomass of the community. At the same time, the annual and biennial herbs showed a strong negative correlation with most indicators, and their expansion was significantly inhibited, forming a benign coupling relationship of "synergistic growth of functional groups + maintenance of diversity + improvement of productivity". In Control Example 3, the perennial miscellaneous grasses and perennial grasses still showed a negative correlation, and the competitive pattern among the functional groups was not changed. Productivity improvement was achieved only through the growth of specific dominant functional groups, which is fundamentally different from the synergistic improvement path of Example 1.

[0078] In summary, this invention, through the synergistic operation of directional aeration and precise fertilization, simultaneously overcomes the soil physical limitations and nutrient bottlenecks of severely degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppes, achieving a significant improvement in plant community productivity and effective maintenance of species diversity. It also optimizes plant community structure and resource allocation strategies, solving the problem of traditional restoration measures being "one-sided." This invention is a highly efficient restoration method suitable for degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppes in temperate semi-arid regions, balancing ecological benefits and production potential, and is suitable for large-scale application.

[0079] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them; modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions of some of the technical features, do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for synergistically improving grassland plant diversity and productivity, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Selecting a degraded Leymus chinensis meadow steppe as a restoration object and demarcating a restoration plot; S2. Determining an operation window period, performing directional punching and fertilization cooperative operation on the restoration plot in the operation window period to obtain an improved restoration plot; S3. Continuously implementing fence natural enclosure on the improved restoration plot.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The area of the said repaired plot is > 2.52 hm 2 .

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The operation window period is a rain-before period from late May to late June when the soil layer thawing depth of the restoration plot is greater than or equal to 10 cm.

4. The method for promoting the diversity and productivity of grassland plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of directional punching and fertilization cooperative operation: directional punching and loosening operation is performed on the restoration plot by using soil punching mechanical equipment, and the restoration fertilizer is applied into the punching hole at the same time to obtain the improved restoration plot.

5. The method for promoting the diversity and productivity of grassland plants according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operation parameters of the directional punching and loosening operation are: punching depth 10-16 cm, hole diameter 3-6 cm and hole spacing 6 cm-8 cm.

6. The method for promoting the diversity and productivity of grassland plants according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operation frequency of the directional punching and loosening operation is 2-3 times.

7. The method for promoting the diversity and productivity of grassland plants according to claim 4, characterized in that, The restoration fertilizer comprises main fertilizer and auxiliary fertilizer, the main fertilizer is any one of granular organic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, farmyard manure and powder organic fertilizer, and the auxiliary fertilizer is inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, wherein the organic matter content of the granular organic fertilizer and the biological organic fertilizer is 20%-45%, and the organic matter content of the farmyard manure and the powder organic fertilizer is greater than or equal to 30%.

8. The method for promoting the diversity and productivity of grassland plants according to claim 6, characterized in that, The application amount of the restoration fertilizer is: When the main fertilizer is any one of the granular organic fertilizer and the bio-organic fertilizer, the application amount of the main fertilizer is 675-900 kg / hm 2 , and the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 150-225 kg / hm 2 . When the main fertilizer is any one of the farmyard manure and the powder organic fertilizer, the application amount of the main fertilizer is 1500-3000 kg / hm 2 , and the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 150-225 kg / hm 2 .

9. The method for promoting the diversity and productivity of grassland plants according to claim 1, wherein, The fence natural enclosure lasts for at least 2 growing seasons.

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