Force and three-dimensional acceleration compound sensor and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application is a kind of force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor and its using method, belongs to composite sensor field. Its technical scheme is, a kind of force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, including force detection component and three-dimensional acceleration detection component, force detection component includes annular force core body electrode column, and lower quartz ring and upper quartz ring are respectively arranged on its upper and lower ends, impact platform is arranged above the upper quartz ring, and the lower quartz ring is attached to the base;Three-dimensional acceleration detection component is located inside annular force core body electrode column, including center integrated column, and four horizontal vibration arms and multiple vertical vibration arms are arranged on the outer periphery of the center integrated column, and acceleration detection unit is arranged on the end of each vibration arm away from the center integrated column. The sensor integrates force and three-dimensional acceleration measurement function, can synchronously collect two kinds of signals, the annular structure and the internal setting improve the protection to acceleration detection component, the cantilever structure converts impact force into vibration, reduces the impact suffered by detection unit, and is suitable for instantaneous high impact force working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite sensors, and in particular to a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] In various fields such as industrial production, scientific research experiments, and equipment testing, the force and acceleration properties of an object at the moment of impact are important analytical indicators for ensuring product performance, verifying structural reliability, and analyzing the causes of accidents. They involve the precise capture and analysis of dynamic mechanical parameters generated during instantaneous collisions, impacts, and drops. For example, in automotive crash testing, whether it's a whole-vehicle collision or component impact testing, it's necessary to collect the peak impact force and acceleration change curves in real time during the collision process to provide data support for vehicle body structure optimization and safety system tuning.

[0003] Force and acceleration detection relies on corresponding sensors. Sensors are basically divided into two types: piezoelectric and shear. They use pressure-sensitive elements (such as piezoelectric ceramics) to output electrical signals when subjected to external force, which are then reflected as corresponding physical quantities.

[0004] Current accelerometers are generally used in relatively stable monitoring environments such as vibration and driving. In impact tests, the forces on objects and sensors are much greater than the inertial forces generated by normal acceleration and deceleration. Conventional accelerometers are easily damaged by huge impacts, so they cannot meet the requirements for use in impact environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problem that current acceleration sensors for general working conditions cannot meet the requirements for impact testing by providing a composite force and three-dimensional acceleration sensor.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, including a housing assembly. The housing assembly contains a force detection component and a three-dimensional acceleration detection component. The force detection component includes an annular force core electrode post. The housing assembly includes a base and a housing body. The annular force core electrode post is disposed inside the housing body. A lower quartz ring and an upper quartz ring are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the annular force core electrode post. An impact platform is also provided above the upper quartz ring, and the top surface of the upper quartz ring is in contact with the bottom surface of the impact platform. The bottom surface of the lower quartz ring is in contact with the top surface of the base. The three-dimensional acceleration detection component is located inside the annular force core electrode post. The three-dimensional acceleration detection component includes a central integrated post. Four horizontal vibration arms and multiple vertical vibration arms are provided around the outer periphery of the central integrated post. The horizontal and vertical vibration arms are evenly arranged around the central integrated post. An acceleration detection unit is provided at the end of each horizontal and vertical vibration arm away from the central integrated post. This solution integrates a force sensor and an acceleration sensor, providing combined force and three-dimensional acceleration measurement capabilities. It can simultaneously acquire impact force and acceleration signals on the same device. The force detection component is set as a ring column, with the three-dimensional acceleration detection component housed inside it, improving the protection of the three-dimensional acceleration detection component. Meanwhile, the acceleration detection component adopts a cantilever structure, converting the impact force into vibration, greatly reducing the impact on the acceleration detection unit and making it more suitable for instantaneous high-impact conditions.

[0007] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, the upper section of the central integrated column is a regular square prism structure. Four horizontal vibration arms are respectively positioned on the four sides of the square prism at a first height. Four vertical vibration arms are also provided, positioned on the four sides of the square prism at a second height. The lower section of the central integrated column has external threads, and the lower part of the central integrated column is installed at the center of the base via these external threads. The regular square prism structure achieves a symmetrical layout of the vibration arms, ensuring consistency and accuracy in X, Y, and Z-axis measurements. The layered arrangement of the vibration arms avoids mutual interference during movement in different directions, and the external thread connection improves the stability of the central integrated column installation, reduces measurement errors caused by installation gaps, and further adapts to complex impact conditions.

[0008] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, a partition disk is provided in the middle of the central integrated column, and a sealing copper pad and an acceleration core copper shell are provided on the base. The partition disk is pressed against the sealing copper pad, and the outer diameter of the partition disk and the sealing copper pad are the same. The outer edges of the partition disk and the sealing copper pad are both in contact with the lower end of the inner surface of the acceleration core copper shell. The upper end of the acceleration core copper shell is covered with an acceleration core copper cap. The horizontal vibration arm, the vertical vibration arm, and the acceleration detection unit are all located inside the acceleration core copper shell. The cooperation between the partition disk and the sealing copper pad achieves sealed protection of the acceleration detection component, effectively isolating environmental interference such as dust and moisture. The copper shell and the copper cap form the first layer of electromagnetic shielding, reducing the interference of external electromagnetic signals on the sensitive elements. At the same time, the closed structure provides physical protection for the vibration arm and the detection unit, avoiding damage caused by foreign object collisions during impact.

[0009] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, the acceleration core copper shell is further surrounded by an acceleration core outer shell. The inner wall of the outer shell is fitted to the outer surface of the acceleration core copper shell. An acceleration core upper shell cover covers the upper end of the outer shell, with the bottom surface of the upper shell fitted to the top surface of the acceleration core copper cover. The top surface of the upper shell cover is spaced a certain distance from the bottom surface of the impact platform. The outer wall of the outer shell is spaced a certain distance from the inner wall of the annular force core electrode post. This double-sleeve structure provides both electromagnetic shielding and physical protection, further enhancing anti-interference capabilities. The spacing between the outer shell and the annular force core electrode post prevents vibrations from the force detection component from being transmitted to the acceleration detection component, reducing signal coupling interference. The distance between the upper shell cover and the impact platform provides a buffer space for the impact platform, preventing impact loads from directly acting on the acceleration core.

[0010] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, the horizontal and vertical vibration arms are elongated plate structures, with mounting holes at the ends of both arms furthest from the central integrated column. The acceleration detection unit includes two acceleration-sensitive ceramics, each located on opposite sides of the horizontal or vertical vibration arm. Each acceleration-sensitive ceramic is annular, and an acceleration core bolt is installed in both the inner hole and the mounting hole of the acceleration-sensitive ceramic. After passing through the two acceleration-sensitive ceramics and the mounting hole, an acceleration core nut is installed on the acceleration core bolt. The acceleration core bolt and the acceleration core nut clamp the two acceleration-sensitive ceramics and the horizontal or vertical vibration arm. The vibrating arm with its long, strip-shaped structure has excellent elastic deformation capability, which can convert impact inertial force into stable elastic deformation, reduce impact, and improve acceleration measurement sensitivity. The double-sided clamping sensitive ceramic design makes the force more uniform and the signal output more stable. The bolt and nut fastening method not only ensures the consistency of preload, but also makes the bolts function as both a mass block and a signal electrode, realizing the integration of structure and function, simplifying the design while improving signal transmission efficiency.

[0011] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, an accelerometer core insulating sleeve is also provided in the mounting hole and the inner hole of the acceleration-sensitive ceramic, through which the accelerometer core bolt passes. The insulating sleeve effectively isolates electromagnetic conduction interference between the bolt and the vibrating arm and the sensitive ceramic, avoiding stray signals generated by metal component contact from affecting measurement accuracy; at the same time, the sleeve can buffer the pressure during bolt tightening, preventing the sensitive ceramic from breaking due to local stress concentration, thus improving the structural stability and service life of the sensor.

[0012] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, the outer shell also includes an outer copper shell cylinder. The outer wall of the outer copper shell cylinder fits snugly against the inner wall of the outer shell, and the inner wall of the outer copper shell cylinder is spaced a certain distance from the outer surface of the annular force core electrode post. The outer copper shell cylinder forms a third layer of electromagnetic shielding, further blocking external electromagnetic interference, making it particularly suitable for complex electromagnetic environments. Its spacing design with the annular force core electrode post reduces the impact of vibration from the force detection component on the shielding structure, while also helping to disperse the impact load borne by the outer shell, thus improving the overall structure's impact resistance.

[0013] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, the top surface of the impact platform is a centrally convex arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped top surface design allows the external impact load to be concentrated in the central area, ensuring that the impact force is transmitted vertically to the upper and lower quartz rings, avoiding force signal distortion caused by off-center loading; at the same time, the arc-shaped structure can disperse the contact stress at the moment of impact, reduce the deformation damage of the impact platform itself, and improve the accuracy of force detection and the durability of the sensor.

[0014] As a preferred implementation of a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, the housing is equipped with a four-pin connector. The annular force core electrode post is connected to the first pin of the four-pin connector, and the acceleration detection unit located on the vertical vibration arm is connected to the second pin of the four-pin connector. Two acceleration detection units located on adjacent horizontal vibration arms are respectively connected to the third and fourth pins of the four-pin connector. The four-pin integrated connector enables centralized output of force and three-dimensional acceleration signals, simplifies the wiring process, reduces interference caused by wiring layout, and the clear pin assignment makes signal identification clearer, eliminating the need for additional wiring differentiation, improving the efficiency of sensor installation and calibration, and reducing usage costs.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, including the following steps: The base is installed at the impact point to be measured. When an external object impacts the impact platform, the impact force is transmitted through the upper quartz ring to the annular force core electrode post, causing the annular force core electrode post to output a piezoelectric signal, reflecting the impact force of the external object. Simultaneously, the horizontal vibration arm vibrates in the horizontal plane. Since adjacent horizontal vibration arms are perpendicular to each other, the acceleration detection unit located on the horizontal vibration arm outputs instantaneous acceleration in the X and Y directions in the horizontal plane. The vertical vibration arm vibrates in the vertical plane, and the acceleration detection unit located on the vertical vibration arm outputs instantaneous acceleration in the Z direction. This sensor is easy to operate, requiring no separate installation and debugging of the force sensor and acceleration sensor, significantly shortening the installation cycle. The signal acquisition process is performed synchronously, ensuring the time consistency of force and acceleration data, providing more accurate matching data for dynamic mechanical analysis of the impact process, and is adaptable to various impact testing scenarios, exhibiting strong versatility.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By integrating the force detection component and the three-dimensional acceleration detection component, there is no need to install and debug the two sensors separately, which greatly reduces the space occupied during installation, simplifies the installation process, reduces calibration difficulty and usage costs, and simultaneously achieves synchronous acquisition of impact force and three-dimensional acceleration signals, ensuring data consistency and providing accurate matching data for dynamic mechanical analysis of the impact process; the annular force core electrode post and the internal three-dimensional acceleration detection component form an outer protection and inner detection structure, which, together with the arc-shaped top surface design of the impact table, ensures that the impact force is transmitted vertically and uniformly, avoids signal distortion caused by off-center loading, and disperses the instantaneous impact load, reducing the impact on the acceleration detection unit and adapting to instantaneous high impact force conditions; the regular square prism structure of the central integrated post and the layered symmetrical layout of the vibrating arm ensure the consistency and accuracy of X, Y, and Z-axis measurements, avoid mutual interference between movements in different directions, and the external thread connection method improves... The installation is stable, reducing measurement errors caused by installation gaps. The separator, sealing copper gasket, and multiple sleeves form a sealed protection and triple electromagnetic shield, effectively isolating dust, moisture, and external electromagnetic interference. At the same time, the spacing design between components reduces signal coupling interference and vibration transmission, enhancing anti-interference capabilities. The long plate structure of the vibration arm has good elastic deformation capability, and the double-sided clamped acceleration sensitive ceramic is subjected to uniform force. Combined with the bolt fastening structure that functions as both a mass block and a signal electrode, it achieves structural and functional integration, improving measurement sensitivity and signal output stability. The accelerometer core insulating sleeve not only isolates electromagnetic conduction interference and avoids stray signals affecting accuracy, but also buffers fastening pressure, prevents damage to the sensitive ceramic, and extends the sensor's service life. The four-core integrated connector enables centralized signal output, simplifies wiring procedures, clarifies signal identification, and further improves installation and calibration efficiency. The overall structure is adaptable to complex scenarios such as industry and aerospace, with strong versatility and durability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this patent, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this patent. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the horizontal vibrating arm and the acceleration detection unit thereon in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central integrated column in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the central integrated column and each acceleration detection unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of main figure symbols

[0024] 1. Impact table, 2. Accelerometer core upper shell cover, 3. Outer shell, 4. Accelerometer core bolt, 5. Accelerometer sensitive ceramic, 6. Accelerometer core insulating sleeve, 7. Accelerometer core nut, 8. Outer copper shell, 9. Accelerometer core outer shell, 10. Accelerometer core copper shell, 11. Annular force core electrode post, 12. Lower quartz ring, 13. Base, 14. Central integrated post, 14-1. External thread, 14-2. Separator plate, 15. Sealing copper gasket, 16. Four-core connector, 17. Accelerometer core copper cover, 18. Upper quartz ring, 19. Horizontal vibration arm, 20. Vertical vibration arm, 21. Accelerometer detection unit, 22. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this patent more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this patent will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this patent, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor includes a housing assembly. Inside the housing assembly are a force detection component and a three-dimensional acceleration detection component. The force detection component includes an annular force core electrode post 11. The housing assembly includes a base 13 and a housing body 3. The annular force core electrode post 11 is disposed inside the housing body 3. A lower quartz ring 12 and an upper quartz ring 18 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the annular force core electrode post 11. An impact platform 1 is also provided above the upper quartz ring 18, and the top surface of the upper quartz ring 18 is in contact with the bottom surface of the impact platform 1. The bottom surface of the lower quartz ring 12 is in contact with the top surface of the base 13; the three-dimensional acceleration detection component is located inside the annular force core electrode post 11. The three-dimensional acceleration detection component includes a central integrated post 14. The outer periphery of the central integrated post 14 is provided with four horizontal vibration arms 19 and multiple vertical vibration arms 20. The horizontal vibration arms 19 and the vertical vibration arms 20 are all uniformly arranged around the central integrated post 14. An acceleration detection unit 21 is provided at one end of the horizontal vibration arm 19 and the vertical vibration arm 20 away from the central integrated post 14.

[0028] like Figure 3-5As shown, the upper section of the central integrated column 14 is a regular square prism structure. Four horizontal vibration arms 19 are respectively disposed on the four sides of the square prism and located at a first height position. Four vertical vibration arms 20 are also disposed on the four sides of the square prism and located at a second height position. The lower section of the central integrated column 14 is provided with an external thread 14-1. The lower part of the central integrated column 14 is installed at the center of the base 13 via the external thread 14-1. A partition plate 14-2 is provided in the middle of the central integrated column 14. The base... The 13 is provided with a sealing copper gasket 15 and an acceleration core copper shell cylinder 10. The partition disk 14-2 is pressed on top of the sealing copper gasket 15. The outer diameter of the partition disk 14-2 is the same as that of the sealing copper gasket 15. The outer edges of the partition disk 14-2 and the sealing copper gasket 15 are both in contact with the lower end of the inner surface of the acceleration core copper shell cylinder 10. The upper end of the acceleration core copper shell cylinder 10 is covered with an acceleration core copper cover 17. The horizontal vibration arm 19, the vertical vibration arm 20 and the acceleration detection unit 21 are all located inside the acceleration core copper shell cylinder 10. An acceleration core outer shell cylinder 9 is also provided outside the acceleration core copper shell cylinder 10. The inner wall of the acceleration core outer shell cylinder 9 is in contact with the outer surface of the acceleration core copper shell cylinder 10. The upper end of the acceleration core outer shell cylinder 9 is covered with an acceleration core upper shell cover 2. The bottom surface of the acceleration core upper shell cover 2 is in contact with the top surface of the acceleration core copper cover 17. The top surface of the acceleration core upper shell cover 2 is spaced a certain distance from the bottom surface of the impact table 1. The outer wall of the acceleration core outer shell cylinder 9 is spaced a certain distance from the inner wall of the annular force core electrode column 11. The horizontal vibrating arm 19 and the vertical vibrating arm 20 are elongated plate structures, and each has a mounting hole 22 at the end away from the central integrated column 14. The acceleration detection unit 21 includes two acceleration-sensitive ceramics 5, which are located on opposite sides of the horizontal vibrating arm 19 or the vertical vibrating arm 20. The acceleration-sensitive ceramics 5 are annular, and an acceleration core bolt 4 is installed in both the inner hole of the acceleration-sensitive ceramic 5 and the mounting hole 22. After passing through the two acceleration-sensitive ceramics 5 and the mounting hole 22, an acceleration core nut 7 is installed. The acceleration core bolt 4 and the acceleration core nut 7 clamp the two acceleration-sensitive ceramics 5 and the horizontal vibrating arm 19 or the vertical vibrating arm 20. An acceleration core insulating sleeve 6 is also provided in the mounting hole 22 and the inner hole of the acceleration-sensitive ceramic 5, and the acceleration core bolt 4 passes through the acceleration core insulating sleeve 6.The outer casing 3 is further provided with an outer copper shell 8. The outer wall of the outer copper shell 8 is fitted with the inner wall of the outer casing 3. The inner wall of the outer copper shell 8 is spaced a certain distance from the outer surface of the annular force core electrode post 11. The top surface of the impact table 1 is an arc-shaped surface with a central upward convexity. The outer casing 3 is provided with a four-pin connector 16. The annular force core electrode post 11 is connected to the first pin of the four-pin connector 16. The acceleration detection unit 21 located on the vertical vibration arm 20 is connected to the second pin of the four-pin connector 16. The two acceleration detection units 21 located on the adjacent horizontal vibration arm 19 are respectively connected to the third pin and the fourth pin of the four-pin connector 16.

[0029] The assembly process of this composite sensor is as follows: First, spot weld the lead wire to the upper end face of the acceleration core bolt 4 and lead out the insulated wire. Then, place an acceleration sensitive ceramic 5 on each side of the vertical vibration arm 20 and the horizontal vibration arm 19 of the central integrated column 14. After fitting the acceleration core insulating sleeve 6 onto the acceleration core bolt 4, pass it through the mounting hole 22 on the vibration arm and the acceleration sensitive ceramic 5 on both sides, and tighten the acceleration core bolt 4 and the acceleration core nut 7 to fix it. Complete this operation for all 8 vibration arms in sequence. Then, pass the external thread 14-1 at the lower end of the central integrated column 14 through the sealing copper gasket 15 and tighten it into the central threaded hole of the base 13. Fit the acceleration core copper shell 10 and the acceleration core outer shell 9 around the central integrated column 14 in sequence and lead out the acceleration core signal wire. Then, place the acceleration core copper cover 17 and the acceleration core upper shell cover 2 on top in sequence. The contact points between the accelerometer core outer shell 9 and the concave boss above the base 13, and between the upper end of the accelerometer core outer shell 9 and the upper shell cover 2 of the accelerometer core, are welded and fixed respectively. Then, signal leads are spot-welded to the side of the annular force core electrode post 11. The lower quartz ring 12, the annular force core electrode post 11, and the upper quartz ring 18 are placed sequentially on the upper surface of the base 13. The accelerometer core signal line is led out from the pre-drilled hole on the side of the annular force core electrode post 11. The outer copper shell 8 is fitted around the upper structure and the accelerometer core and force core signal lines are led out. The outermost shell 3 is fitted and its lower end is welded and fixed at the contact point with the lower end of the base 13. The impact table 1 is placed on the upper side of the shell 3 and welded and fixed at the contact point. Finally, the X, Y, and Z signal leads of the accelerometer core are concentrated and welded to the three pins of the four-pin connector 16, and the force signal core line is welded to the other pin to complete the overall assembly.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] This embodiment further provides a method for using the force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor provided in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: The base 13 is installed at the impact point to be measured. When an external object impacts the impact table 1, the impact force is transmitted through the upper quartz ring 18 to the annular force core electrode post 11, causing the annular force core electrode post 11 to output a piezoelectric signal, reflecting the impact force of the external object; simultaneously, the horizontal vibration arm 19 and the vertical vibration arm 20 vibrate in the horizontal and vertical planes respectively, and the vibration acts on the acceleration detection unit 21. In section 1, the acceleration core bolt 4 and acceleration core nut 7 act as mass blocks, pressing the acceleration sensitive ceramic 5 under inertia. The acceleration sensitive ceramic 5 generates an electrical signal: On the horizontal vibration arm 19, since adjacent horizontal vibration arms 19 are perpendicular to each other, the acceleration detection unit 21 located on the horizontal vibration arm 19 outputs the instantaneous acceleration in the X and Y directions in the horizontal plane. On the vertical vibration arm 20, the vertical vibration arm 20 vibrates in the vertical plane, and the acceleration detection unit located on the vertical vibration arm 20 outputs the instantaneous acceleration in the Z direction.

[0032] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the advantages of this invention are as follows: First, by adopting an integrated design of force and three-dimensional acceleration, two types of signals can be acquired simultaneously on the same device, eliminating the need for separate installation and debugging of multiple sensors, significantly reducing installation space and procedures, lowering calibration costs, and improving detection efficiency and data time consistency; Second, by adopting a symmetrical compression structure and a cantilever beam acceleration core design, combined with a screw that functions as both a mass block and a signal electrode, the structure and function are integrated, simplifying the design while improving measurement sensitivity, accuracy, and resistance to lateral interference, adapting to compression-type force logic and instantaneous high-impact conditions; Third, through the copper shell of the acceleration core... The sensor is enclosed in a closed shielded cavity by multiple sleeves, including the inner and outer copper shells. Combined with the sealing protection of the copper gasket, it provides dual protection against electromagnetic shielding and environmental isolation, effectively suppressing electromagnetic and mechanical vibration interference, mitigating the effects of temperature changes, and ensuring the measurement consistency and long-term stability of the sensor under complex working conditions. Fourth, the acceleration core is directly tightened and fixed by the central column screw, maximizing measurement transmission efficiency, improving installation stability and environmental adaptability, and reducing interference errors introduced during installation. Fifth, the overall structural design takes into account both lightweight and low-cost manufacturing processes, making assembly and operation convenient. It is suitable for various complex application scenarios such as industrial monitoring, engineering machinery, and aerospace, and has strong versatility.

[0033] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this patent. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this patent. Therefore, this patent is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor, comprising a housing assembly, characterized in that, The housing assembly is internally equipped with a force detection component and a three-dimensional acceleration detection component. The force detection component includes an annular force core electrode post (11), and the outer shell component includes a base (13) and an outer shell (3). The annular force core electrode post (11) is disposed inside the outer shell (3). The upper and lower ends of the annular force core electrode post (11) are respectively provided with a lower quartz ring (12) and an upper quartz ring (18). An impact table (1) is also provided above the upper quartz ring (18), and the top surface of the upper quartz ring (18) is in contact with the bottom surface of the impact table (1). The bottom surface of the lower quartz ring (12) is in contact with the top surface of the base (13). The three-dimensional acceleration detection component is located inside the annular force core electrode post (11). The three-dimensional acceleration detection component includes a central integrated post (14). The outer periphery of the central integrated post (14) is provided with four horizontal vibration arms (19) and multiple vertical vibration arms (20). The horizontal vibration arms (19) and the vertical vibration arms (20) are all uniformly arranged around the central integrated post (14). An acceleration detection unit (21) is provided at one end of the horizontal vibration arm (19) and the vertical vibration arm (20) away from the central integrated post (14). The upper section of the central integrated column (14) is a regular square prism structure. The four horizontal vibration arms (19) are respectively arranged on the four sides of the regular square prism and are located at the first height position. There are four vertical vibration arms (20). The four vertical vibration arms (20) are respectively arranged on the four sides of the regular square prism and are located at the second height position. The lower section of the central integrated column (14) is provided with an external thread (14-1). The lower part of the central integrated column (14) is installed at the center of the base (13) through the external thread (14-1). The length of the external thread (14-1) is greater than the thickness of the base (13). The lower end of the external thread (14-1) extends to the bottom of the base (13) and forms the overall installation structure of the composite sensor. The horizontal vibrating arm (19) and the vertical vibrating arm (20) are long strip plate structures. The plate surface of the horizontal vibrating arm (19) is a vertical surface and can deform and vibrate in the horizontal direction. The plate surface of the vertical vibrating arm (20) is a horizontal surface and can deform and vibrate in the vertical direction. The end of the horizontal vibrating arm (19) and the vertical vibrating arm (20) away from the central integrated column (14) is provided with a mounting hole (22). The acceleration detection unit (21) includes two acceleration-sensitive ceramics (5). The two acceleration-sensitive ceramics (5) are respectively located on the horizontal vibrating arm. (19) or both sides of the vertical vibrating arm (20), the acceleration sensitive ceramic (5) is annular, and an acceleration core bolt (4) is installed in the inner hole of the acceleration sensitive ceramic (5) and the mounting hole (22). After the acceleration core bolt (4) passes through the two acceleration sensitive ceramics (5) and the mounting hole (22), an acceleration core nut (7) is installed. The acceleration core bolt (4) and the acceleration core nut (7) clamp the two acceleration sensitive ceramics (5) and the horizontal vibrating arm (19) or the vertical vibrating arm (20) where they are located.

2. The force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central integrated column (14) is provided with a partition plate (14-2) in the middle. The base (13) is provided with a sealing copper pad (15) and an acceleration core copper shell cylinder (10). The partition plate (14-2) is pressed on the top of the sealing copper pad (15). The outer diameter of the partition plate (14-2) is the same as that of the sealing copper pad (15). The outer edges of the partition plate (14-2) and the sealing copper pad (15) are both in contact with the lower end of the inner surface of the acceleration core copper shell cylinder (10). The upper end of the acceleration core copper shell cylinder (10) is covered with an acceleration core copper cover (17). The horizontal vibration arm (19), the vertical vibration arm (20) and the acceleration detection unit (21) are all located inside the acceleration core copper shell cylinder (10).

3. The force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acceleration core copper shell cylinder (10) is further provided with an acceleration core outer shell cylinder (9). The inner wall of the acceleration core outer shell cylinder (9) is in contact with the outer surface of the acceleration core copper shell cylinder (10). The upper end of the acceleration core outer shell cylinder (9) is covered with an acceleration core upper shell cover (2). The bottom surface of the acceleration core upper shell cover (2) is in contact with the top surface of the acceleration core copper cover (17). The top surface of the acceleration core upper shell cover (2) is spaced a certain distance from the bottom surface of the impact table (1). The outer wall of the acceleration core outer shell cylinder (9) is spaced a certain distance from the inner wall of the annular force core electrode column (11).

4. The force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An acceleration core insulating sleeve (6) is also provided in the mounting hole (22) and the inner hole of the acceleration sensitive ceramic (5), and the acceleration core bolt (4) passes through the acceleration core insulating sleeve (6).

5. The force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (3) is further provided with an outer copper shell cylinder (8), the outer wall of the outer copper shell cylinder (8) is in contact with the inner wall of the outer shell (3), and the inner wall of the outer copper shell cylinder (8) is spaced a certain distance from the outer surface of the annular force core electrode column (11).

6. The force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the impact table (1) is an arc-shaped surface with a central upward convexity.

7. The force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (3) is provided with a four-pin connector (16). The annular force core electrode post (11) is connected to the first pin of the four-pin connector (16). The acceleration detection unit (21) located on the vertical vibration arm (20) is connected to the second pin of the four-pin connector (16). The two acceleration detection units (21) located on the adjacent horizontal vibration arm (19) are respectively connected to the third pin and the fourth pin of the four-pin connector (16).

8. A method of using a force and three-dimensional acceleration composite sensor as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the base (13) is installed at the impact point to be measured, when an external object hits the impact table (1), the impact force is transmitted to the annular force core electrode column (11) through the upper quartz ring (18), causing the annular force core electrode column (11) to output a piezoelectric signal, which is reflected as the impact force of the external object; at the same time, the horizontal vibration arm (19) vibrates in the horizontal plane. Since the adjacent horizontal vibration arms (19) are perpendicular to each other, the acceleration detection unit (21) located on the horizontal vibration arm (19) outputs the instantaneous acceleration in the X and Y directions in the horizontal plane. The vertical vibration arm (20) vibrates in the vertical plane, and the acceleration detection unit located on the vertical vibration arm (20) outputs the instantaneous acceleration in the Z direction.

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