A multidimensional shock absorber based on a planetary gear mechanism

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of vibration reduction technology for transmission tower structures, and discloses a multi-dimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism. It includes a particle packaging box and an inertia container; the inertia container includes a planetary gear inertia container and a helical rod inertia container; the planetary carrier and the limiter both function as limiters for the particle packaging box; viscoelastic material is distributed at the contact points between the planetary carrier and the limiter and the particle packaging box. It achieves high-efficiency vibration reduction while ensuring a simple and compact structure and low overall mass. Under lateral and vertical vibration conditions, the inertia container converts the horizontal translation of the rack into the rotation of the gear ring, using the rotation of the gear ring to drive the planetary gears in a combined revolution and rotation motion, causing the sun gear to drive the flywheel to rotate at high speed. Under longitudinal vibration conditions, the inertia container converts the translation of the helical rod into the rapid rotation of the helical rod cylinder through the screw thread, thereby driving the flywheel to generate inertial force and achieving structural vibration control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration reduction technology for transmission tower structures, specifically to a multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Installing dampers is a common and effective vibration control method to reduce structural seismic response. Currently, granular dampers, as a novel type of vibration reduction device, have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages such as a wide damping frequency band, strong environmental adaptability, and low cost.

[0003] Transmission towers are tall structures, and when exposed to earthquakes, the top of the tower is prone to significant displacement, leading to buckling of the tower members and instability. Therefore, dampers are often installed at the top of the tower. To ensure that the granular dampers effectively reduce the seismic response of the transmission tower, the dampers are often quite heavy, increasing the load on the tower head members after installation and affecting the load-bearing capacity of the members in that area. Furthermore, the dampers contain many particles, which can easily lead to particle stacking, reducing damping efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the granular dampers using inertial containers to achieve a lightweight design that avoids particle stacking.

[0004] To address the multidimensional seismic response of structures, patent CN118292569A proposes a particle-collision-tuned inertial mass composite damping system with multidimensional vibration reduction. During horizontal vibration, the slider motion drives a flywheel to generate virtual inertial mass, mitigating vibration through tuning and collision energy dissipation, especially at larger amplitudes where collisions broaden the damping frequency band. During vertical vibration, the mass of the horizontal system, combined with the inertial container and spring tuning, reduces vibration, avoiding the mass redundancy and space waste of traditional devices. Although this device controls both horizontal and vertical vibrations, it still neglects the multidirectional nature of structural vibration in the horizontal direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To effectively reduce the vibration response of transmission towers under seismic loading and improve their seismic performance, a multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism is proposed. This invention designs a novel inertial container capable of being coupled and excited by multidimensional structural vibrations, based on a planetary gear mechanism. Combining this with the broadband vibration reduction advantages of granular dampers, it provides a compact, robust, and effective multidimensional vibration damper.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism, comprising a particle encapsulation box and an inertia container; there are six particle encapsulation boxes, which are respectively connected to the six sides of the damper shell by springs, and the particle encapsulation boxes on opposite sides form a group, which are arranged oppositely to excite the inertia container; the damper shell is formed by welding steel plates, and a particle encapsulation box limiting plate and a limiting frame are provided on the inner wall; the particle encapsulation box limiting plate and the limiting frame are respectively fixed at the maximum allowable displacement position of different particle encapsulation boxes; The inertia container includes a planetary gear inertia container and a helical rod inertia container, which are arranged at the center of the multidimensional shock absorber based on the planetary gear mechanism via a planetary carrier. The planetary gear inertia container is used to achieve lateral and vertical vibration reduction, while the helical rod inertia container is used to achieve longitudinal vibration reduction. The planetary gear inertia container includes a gear ring, planetary gears, a sun gear, a planet carrier, a helical rod, a helical rod cylinder, and a flywheel. The sun gear simultaneously meshes with two symmetrically arranged planetary gears, and the outer sides of the planetary gears mesh with the gear ring. The outer sides of the gear ring mesh with a rack. The planet carrier is formed by welding steel plates and is used to support the planetary gear inertia container and limit the maximum displacement of the particle packaging box. The flywheel is fixed to the sun gear sleeve and rotates coaxially with the sun gear. The sun gear is a gear with a rod and a cylinder. The rod and cylinder contain a bearing. The inner wall of the bearing's inner ring is fixed to the helical rod cylinder. The helical rod cylinder is rigidly engaged with the helical rod and is also fixed to the flywheel, forming a helical rod inertial container.

[0007] The granule packaging box is formed by welding steel pipe and steel plate. The inside of the steel pipe is divided into four cavities by the steel plate, and each cavity contains a steel ball granule.

[0008] The planetary gear inertia container is divided into a horizontal planetary gear inertia container and a vertical planetary gear inertia container. The two sets of particle packaging boxes for exciting the horizontal planetary gear inertia container and the vertical planetary gear inertia container are connected by racks and pinions respectively. The particle packaging boxes for exciting the screw rod inertia container are connected by screw rods.

[0009] The two ends of the screw and rack are respectively fixedly connected to the centroid of the particle packaging box at the corresponding positions.

[0010] The centroid of the limiting frame coincides with the centroid of the particle packaging box of the excitation screw inertial container.

[0011] The particle packaging box limiting plate is made of steel plate, and the limiting frame is formed by welding steel plate and steel pipe.

[0012] When the structure vibrates under seismic load, the particle packaging boxes move in the direction of the vibration. The lateral vibration of the structure excites the translation of the two particle packaging boxes in the lateral planetary gear inertia container, which drives the connected rack to move. The spring connected to one particle packaging box is stretched, and the spring connected to the other particle packaging box is shortened. The rack translation drives the gear ring to rotate, causing the flywheel to accelerate and excite the lateral planetary gear inertia container. When the two particle packaging boxes move in opposite directions, the spring returns to the rack and moves in the opposite direction, driving the gear ring to rotate in the opposite direction. The flywheel decelerates, and the inertial force generated opposes the rack's reverse translation. The vertical vibration of the structure excites the vertical planetary gear inertia container in the same way.

[0013] The longitudinal vibration of the structure excites the translation of the two particle packaging boxes in the screw rod inertia container, which drives the screw rod to move. The spring connected to one particle packaging box is stretched, and the spring connected to the other particle packaging box is shortened. The translation of the screw rod causes the screw rod cylinder to rotate, which drives the flywheel and excites the screw rod inertia container. When the two particle packaging boxes move in opposite directions, the spring returns to the original position so that the screw rod moves in the opposite direction. The flywheel decelerates, and the inertial force generated resists the change in flywheel speed, hindering the reverse translation of the screw rod, thereby controlling the longitudinal vibration of the structure.

[0014] The contact areas between the particle packaging box limiting plate and the limiting frame and the particle packaging box are all covered with viscoelastic material.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the design of a planetary gear mechanism, an inertial container can be excited by the multidimensional vibration coupling of the structure. This leads to a multidimensional vibration damping device based on a planetary gear mechanism, achieving efficient vibration reduction while ensuring a simple and compact structure and low overall mass. Under horizontal and vertical vibrations, the inertial container converts the translation of the rack into the rotation of the gear ring. The rotation of the gear ring drives the planetary gears in a combined revolution and rotation motion, causing the sun gear to drive the flywheel at high speed. Under another horizontal longitudinal vibration, the inertial container converts the translation of the helical rod into the rapid rotation of the helical rod cylinder through the screw thread, thereby driving the flywheel to generate inertial force and achieving structural vibration control. The inertial container has high transmission efficiency throughout its operation and exhibits a sensitive ability to capture the vibration response of the transmission tower structure. Furthermore, the particle encapsulation box in this invention can use itself as a mass block to excite the inertial container and can also more effectively dissipate seismic energy through the collision of internal steel ball particles with the inner wall of the encapsulation box, enabling the damper to efficiently achieve the design goal of multidimensional structural vibration control. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an internal elevation view of the overall structure of the multidimensional shock absorber based on a planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the multidimensional shock absorber based on the planetary gear mechanism of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the internal structure of the multidimensional shock absorber based on the planetary gear mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the configuration of the inertial container of the multidimensional shock absorber damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a detailed view of the screw rod inertia container of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a detailed view of the particle packaging box of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-Damper housing; 2-Damper housing cover; 3-Spring a; 4-Particle encapsulation box a; 5-Rack a; 6-Planetary carrier; 7-Limit bracket a; 8-Particle encapsulation box b; 9-Spring b; 10-Particle encapsulation box c; 11-Particle encapsulation box d; 12-Spring c; 13-Spring d; 14-Particle encapsulation box limit plate; 15-Rack b; 16-Particle encapsulation box e; 17-Spring e; 18-Limit bracket b; 19-Particle encapsulation box f; 20-Spring f; 21-Screw rod; 22-Flywheel a; 23-Flywheel b; 24-Flywheel c; 25-Screw rod cylinder; 26-Planetary gear; 27-Ring gear; 28-Sun gear a; 29-Sun gear b; 30-Bearing a; 31-Bearing b; 32-Particle encapsulation box cover; 33-Steel ball particle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] A multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism comprises a damper housing 1 and a damper housing cover plate 2, and includes a particle encapsulation box and an inertia container inside. The particle encapsulation box is connected to the damper housing 1 by a spring, which plays a role in buffering, resetting, and dissipating energy when the particle encapsulation box is affected by structural vibrations and exceeds its displacement limit.

[0019] The particle packaging boxes are configured in six parts, namely particle packaging box a4, particle packaging box b8, particle packaging box c10, particle packaging box d11, particle packaging box e16, and particle packaging box f19. The springs are spring a3, spring b9, spring c12, spring d13, spring e17, and spring f20, respectively. The particle packaging box cover 32 on the particle packaging box is connected to the six sides of the damper housing 1 by springs, arranged in pairs opposite each other to excite the inertial container, so as to achieve vibration control in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical dimensions; such as Figure 2 As shown, the X direction is horizontal, the Y direction is vertical, and the Z direction is vertical.

[0020] The damper housing 1 is formed by welding steel plates, and the inner wall is provided with a particle packaging box limiting plate 14, a limiting frame a7, and a limiting frame b18. The contact area between the particle packaging box limiting plate 14 and the particle packaging box is provided with a viscoelastic material.

[0021] The particle packaging box limiting plate 14, limiting frame a7 and limiting frame b18 are used to limit the maximum displacement of the particle packaging box for exciting the vertical planetary gear inertia container and the longitudinal particle packaging box for exciting the spiral rod inertia container. The contact parts with the particle packaging box are provided with viscoelastic material to prevent rigid collision between the particle packaging box and the particle packaging box limiting plate 14 and to dissipate some of the seismic energy.

[0022] The particle packaging box is formed by welding steel pipes and steel plates. The interior is divided into four cavities by steel plates. Each cavity contains a steel ball particle 33, which ensures the collision and shock absorption effect of the steel ball particle 33 while reducing the probability of the steel ball particle 33 stacking.

[0023] The inertia container includes a planetary gear inertia container and a helical rod inertia container, which are mounted at the center of the multidimensional shock absorber based on the planetary gear mechanism via a planetary carrier 6. The planetary gear inertia container achieves lateral and vertical vibration reduction respectively, while the helical rod inertia container is used to achieve longitudinal vibration reduction. The planetary gear mechanism's inertia container mainly consists of a gear ring 27, planet gears 26, a sun gear, a planet carrier 6, a helical rod 21, a helical rod cylinder 25, and a flywheel. Two sun gears are provided, including sun gear a28 and sun gear b29. Each sun gear simultaneously engages with two planet gears 26, which are arranged symmetrically; the outer sides of the planet gears 26 engage with the gear ring 27.

[0024] The sun gear is a gear with a rod and cylinder, and a bearing a30 is installed inside the rod and cylinder. The inner wall of the inner ring of the bearing a30 is fixedly connected to the helical rod cylinder 25. The helical rod cylinder 25 is rigidly engaged with the helical rod 21 and is fixedly connected to the flywheel c24, forming a helical rod inertia container. The vibration response in the horizontal and vertical directions of the structure will excite the planetary gear mechanism inertia container, and the additional horizontal longitudinal vibration will excite the helical rod inertia container, thereby achieving the lightweight and multi-dimensional vibration reduction effect of the damper.

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6As shown in the diagram, this embodiment provides a schematic diagram of a multi-dimensional damping device based on a planetary gear mechanism, including a damper housing 1, particle encapsulation boxes, and an inertia container. The multi-dimensional damping device based on the planetary gear mechanism internally includes six particle encapsulation boxes and six springs, thus forming the inertia container excitation device. Each particle encapsulation box contains four steel ball particles 33, thereby further improving the multi-dimensional damping effect of the damper. The inertia container is fixedly installed at the center of the damper housing 1 by a planetary carrier 6. Particle encapsulation boxes a4, b8, c10, d11, e16, and f19 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the damper housing 1 by springs a3, b9, c12, d13, e17, and f20, respectively. Among them, particle packaging boxes a4 and e16 are connected in pairs via rack a5 to form a vertical inertia container excitation device. Particle packaging boxes c10 and d11 are connected in pairs via rack b15 to form a horizontal unidirectional inertia container excitation device, which excites the planetary gear mechanism inertia container. Particle packaging boxes b8 and f19 are connected by a helical rod 21 to form another horizontal unidirectional inertia container excitation device, used to excite the helical rod inertia container. The rack and helical rod coincide with the centroid of the particle packaging box, and the centroid of the limiting frame a7 and b18 is consistent with the position of the vertical centroid of the particle packaging box.

[0027] The inertia container comprises two parts: one part consists of two planetary gear mechanisms, and the other part consists of a helical rod and a helical rod cylinder. The inertia container composed of planetary gear mechanisms includes a gear ring 27, planetary gears 26, a sun gear a28, a sun gear b29, a planet carrier 6, and flywheels a22 and b23. The two planetary gears 26 mesh internally within the gear ring 27, and the planetary gears 26 mesh with the sun gear a28 at the center of the gear ring 27. This gear transmission system is mounted on the planet carrier 6 to ensure stable transmission. The sun gears a28 and b29 are gears with rod cylinders, and the flywheels b23 and a22 are fixedly connected to the rod cylinders, thus ensuring that the flywheels b23 and a22 rotate simultaneously with the sun gears a28 and b29, generating sufficient inertial force. Furthermore, bearings a30 are installed inside the rod cylinders of the sun gears a28 and b29, and the inner ring of the bearing a30 is fixedly connected to the helical rod cylinder 25. The helical cylinder 25 has a rigid meshing helical rod 21 inside and a flywheel c24 fixedly connected to the outside. It is also connected to the limit frame b18 through a bearing b31. This converts the translation of the helical rod 21 into the rotation of the helical cylinder 25, thereby driving the flywheel c24 to rotate.

[0028] In addition to fixing the inertial container, the planetary carrier 6 of the inertial container also restricts the displacement of the particle packaging box. A viscoelastic material is arranged on the planetary carrier 6 opposite to the particle packaging box to prevent damage to the damper components from rigid impacts.

[0029] By providing bolt holes at the bottom of the damper housing 1 of this invention, high-strength bolts can be used to install this invention in the top area of ​​the transmission tower, dissipating seismic energy received by the structure and reducing the displacement response at the top of the tower, thereby improving the seismic performance of the transmission tower. The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the transmission tower structure vibrates under seismic forces, the granular packaging boxes move in the direction of structural vibration. Lateral vibration causes the translational motion of granular packaging boxes c10 and d11, which in turn drives rack b15, stretches spring c12, and shortens spring d13. The translational motion of rack b15 pushes the gear ring 27 to rotate, causing flywheel a22 to accelerate and excite the rack and pinion inertia container. When the granular packaging boxes c10 and d11 move in opposite directions, the springs return to their original positions, with spring c12 compressed and spring d13 stretched. Rack b15 moves in the opposite direction, driving the gear ring 27 to rotate in the opposite direction. Flywheel a22 decelerates; the large moment of inertia of the rapidly rotating flywheel makes it difficult to change its angular velocity instantaneously, and the resulting inertial force hinders the reverse translational motion of rack b15. The process of vertically exciting the planetary gear inertia container to achieve horizontal vibration reduction is the same as described above. The longitudinal vibration of the structure causes the translation of particle packaging boxes b8 and f19, which in turn drives the helical rod 21. Spring b9 is stretched, and spring f20 is shortened. The translation of the helical rod 21 causes the helical cylinder 25 to rotate, driving the flywheel c24 and exciting the inertia container. When particle packaging boxes b8 and f19 move in opposite directions, the springs return to their original state, with spring b9 compressed and spring f20 stretched. The helical rod 21 moves in the opposite direction, and the flywheel c24 decelerates. The resulting inertial force resists the speed change of the flywheel c24, hindering the reverse translation of the helical rod 21, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the longitudinal vibration of the structure.

[0030] Throughout the process, the particle encapsulation box also functions as a vibration damper. The particles inside collide with the inner wall of the encapsulation box, converting kinetic energy into heat dissipation through inelastic collisions and friction, further improving the overall vibration reduction level of the damper. In summary, this invention effectively improves the seismic resistance of transmission towers by converting structural vibrations into flywheel rotation, combined with particle collision energy dissipation, friction energy dissipation, and spring damping energy dissipation. It not only provides excellent vibration reduction for multi-directional horizontal vibrations of the transmission tower structure but also achieves vertical vibration control, exhibiting multi-dimensional vibration reduction performance. Furthermore, the damper achieves a lightweight design due to the presence of the inertia container, and its compact structure and small overall size facilitate installation, making it well-suited for use on transmission tower structures or other types of tall structures.

Claims

1. A multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism, characterized in that, The interior includes a particle encapsulation box and an inertial container; there are six particle encapsulation boxes, which are connected to the six sides of the damper housing (1) by springs. The particle encapsulation boxes on opposite sides form a group and are arranged oppositely to excite the inertial container; the damper housing (1) is formed by welding steel plates, and a particle encapsulation box limiting plate (14) and a limiting frame are provided on the inner wall; the particle encapsulation box limiting plate (14) and the limiting frame are fixed at the maximum allowable displacement position of different particle encapsulation boxes respectively; The inertial container includes a planetary gear inertial container and a helical rod inertial container, which are arranged at the center of the multidimensional damping device based on the planetary gear mechanism via a planetary carrier (6); The planetary gear inertia container is used to achieve lateral and vertical vibration reduction, while the helical rod inertia container is used to achieve longitudinal vibration reduction. The planetary gear inertia container includes a gear ring (27), planetary gears (26), a sun gear, a planet carrier (6), a helical rod (21), a helical rod cylinder (25), and a flywheel. The sun gear simultaneously meshes with two symmetrically arranged planetary gears (26), and the outer side of the planetary gears (26) meshes with the gear ring (27). The outer side of the gear ring (27) meshes with a rack. The planet carrier (6) is formed by welding steel plates and is used to support the planetary gear inertia container and limit the maximum displacement of the particle packaging box. The flywheel is fixed to the sun gear sleeve and rotates coaxially with the sun gear. The sun gear is a gear with a rod and a cylinder. A bearing is installed inside the rod and a spiral rod cylinder (25) is fixed to the inner wall of the inner ring of the bearing. The spiral rod cylinder (25) is rigidly engaged with the spiral rod (21) and is fixed to the flywheel to form a spiral rod inertial container.

2. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle packaging box is formed by welding steel pipe and steel plate. The inside of the steel pipe is divided into four cavities by the steel plate, and a steel ball particle (33) is placed inside each cavity.

3. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary gear inertia container is divided into a horizontal planetary gear inertia container and a vertical planetary gear inertia container. The two sets of particle packaging boxes for exciting the horizontal planetary gear inertia container and the vertical planetary gear inertia container are connected by racks and pinions respectively. The particle packaging boxes for exciting the screw rod inertia container are connected by screw rods (21).

4. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the spiral rod (21) and the rack are respectively fixedly connected to the centroid of the particle packaging box at the corresponding positions.

5. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centroid of the limiting frame coincides with the centroid of the particle packaging box of the excitation screw inertial container.

6. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle packaging box limiting plate (14) is made of steel plate, and the limiting frame is formed by welding steel plate and steel pipe.

7. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the structure vibrates due to an earthquake, the particle packaging box moves in the direction of the structure's vibration. The transverse vibration of the structure excites the translation of the two particle packaging boxes in the transverse planetary gear inertia container, which drives the connected rack to move. The spring connected to one particle packaging box is stretched, and the spring connected to the other particle packaging box is shortened. The rack translation drives the gear ring (27) to rotate, causing the flywheel to accelerate and excite the transverse planetary gear inertia container. When the two particle packaging boxes move in opposite directions, the spring returns to the rack to move in the opposite direction, driving the gear ring (27) to rotate in the opposite direction. The flywheel decelerates, and the inertial force generated opposes the rack's reverse translation. The vertical vibration of the structure excites the vertical planetary gear inertia container in the same way.

8. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal vibration of the structure excites the translation of the two particle packaging boxes of the screw rod inertia container, which drives the screw rod (21) to move. The spring connected to one particle packaging box is stretched, and the spring connected to the other particle packaging box is shortened. The translation of the screw rod (21) causes the screw rod cylinder (25) to rotate, which drives the flywheel and excites the screw rod inertia container. When the two particle packaging boxes move in opposite directions, the spring returns to the screw rod (21) and moves in opposite directions. The flywheel decelerates and the inertial force generated resists the change in flywheel speed, hinders the reverse translation of the screw rod (21), and thus controls the longitudinal vibration of the structure.

9. The multidimensional vibration damper based on a planetary gear mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact area between the particle packaging box limiting plate (14) and the limiting frame and the particle packaging box is uniformly covered with viscoelastic material.

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