A seed treatment composition, its preparation method and use

Abstract

The application relates to a seed treatment composition and a preparation method and application thereof, which comprises, taking the total mass of the composition as 100%, 0.3-0.8% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 1-3% of N-acyl glutamate, 0.5-2.5% of a betaine surfactant, 0.5-2.5% of a water-retaining agent, 0.2-1% of a fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate, 0.5-2.5% of a carboxymethyl cellulose salt, 1-40% of a pesticide, 1-5% of a dispersing agent and the balance of water; wherein the preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving a cationic polysaccharide in an acidic aqueous solution to form a polysaccharide solution; S2, mixing a non-reducing disaccharide with the polysaccharide solution to form a uniform mixed solution; and S3, freeze-drying the mixed solution to obtain the water-retaining agent. The seed treatment composition provided by the application has good water-retaining performance, comprehensive stress resistance and good compatibility with a seed coating agent system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed treatment technology, and more specifically to a seed treatment composition, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Drought, salinity, and low temperature are severe abiotic stresses that significantly restrict seed germination and seedling growth, often leading to decreased germination rates and reduced crop yields. Staple crops such as wheat and corn are particularly sensitive to water and environmental stresses during seed germination, while traditional seed coating agents primarily target pest and disease control, lacking effective water retention and stress resistance functions. Therefore, developing novel seed coating agents that combine water retention and stress resistance properties has become an urgent technical need in agricultural production.

[0003] Currently, commercially available seed coating agents mostly use glycerin, polyethylene glycol, and other water-retaining components, which have limited functionality and several technical defects: First, they have low water retention rates and short durations of action, making it difficult to meet the harsh environmental requirements of wheat sowing in arid areas of Northwest China; Second, these water-retaining components have poor compatibility with film-forming agents and pesticide active ingredients in seed coating agents, which can easily lead to system stratification and flocculation, affecting the stability of the formulation.

[0004] In addition, existing seed coating agents still have significant shortcomings in terms of stress resistance enhancement, specifically in the following three aspects: (1) Environmental and functional limitations of chemical stress resistance agents: For example, although chemical regulators such as sodium nitrophenolate can activate seed stress resistance in the short term, they are prone to residue accumulation in the soil, destroying the microbial community structure, and are usually only effective against a single stress (such as sodium nitrophenolate mainly alleviating low temperature stress, but ineffective against saline-alkali stress). (2) Insufficient stability and compatibility of bio-based synergists: The survival rate of live bacteria in commonly used microbial agents, plant extracts and other bio-based materials is often less than 70% during the storage period (usually requiring 3 months) and during soil germination, and plant extracts are easily oxidized and degraded. At the same time, these synergistic components have poor compatibility with film-forming agents, which can easily cause flocculation and stratification, resulting in uneven release of effective components, and the actual field synergistic effect is often less than 50% of the theoretical value. (3) Imbalance between water retention and air permeability leads to seed suffocation risk: Excessive addition of high-molecular water-retaining materials such as polyvinyl alcohol and sodium polyacrylate in pursuit of high water retention will block the microporous structure of the seed coating film and reduce the film's air permeability. Especially in low-temperature and high-humidity soil environments, this can easily lead to seed hypoxia, causing problems such as seed suffocation, decreased germination rate, and poor seedling uniformity.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a seed treatment composition with good water retention, comprehensive stress resistance, good compatibility with seed coating agent systems, and without affecting the normal respiration of seeds, so as to improve the germination and seedling ability of seeds under various abiotic stresses.

[0006] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the concept and technical solution of this application. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this application, nor does it necessarily provide technical guidance. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed before the filing date of this application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed treatment composition with excellent water retention, comprehensive stress resistance, good compatibility with seed coating agent systems, and no impact on normal seed respiration, as well as its preparation method and application.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: One aspect of the present invention is to provide a seed treatment composition, which, based on 100% of the total mass of the composition, comprises: γ-Aminobutyric acid 0.3%~0.8%; N-acylglutamate 1%~3%; Betaine surfactants: 0.5%~2.5%; Water-retaining agent 0.5%~2.5%; Fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate 0.2%~1%; Carboxymethyl cellulose salt 0.5%~2.5%; Pesticides: 1%~40%; Dispersant 1%~5%; Water balance; The preparation method of the water-retaining agent includes the following steps: S1. Dissolve cationic polysaccharides in an acidic aqueous solution to form a polysaccharide solution; S2. Mix the non-reducing disaccharide with the polysaccharide solution to form a homogeneous mixture; S3. Freeze-dry the mixture to obtain the water-retaining agent.

[0009] This invention constructs a chitosan-trehalose composite water-retention system, in which the three-dimensional network structure of chitosan provides a framework for physical water locking, while trehalose fills the pores and forms a biocompatible protective film. The two work synergistically to maintain a high water retention rate during the critical period of seed germination, effectively covering the water requirements of crop seeds during the germination stage.

[0010] Furthermore, a synergistic stress-resistance system composed of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), N-acylglutamate, and betaine surfactants achieves comprehensive protection against multiple abiotic stresses. GABA, N-acylglutamate, and betaine surfactants are all natural amino acid derivatives or environmentally compatible small organic molecules that can be completely absorbed and utilized by crops, leaving no residue in the soil and having no adverse effects on the soil microbial community. The three form a complementary stress-resistance mechanism: betaine surfactants alleviate salt-alkali stress by regulating cell osmotic pressure; GABA activates seed low-temperature response genes to enhance frost resistance; and N-acylglutamate stabilizes cell membrane structure to resist drought damage, thus achieving comprehensive coverage of the "salt-alkali-low temperature-drought" compound stress.

[0011] Furthermore, this synergistic stress-resistance system does not rely on live bacteria, has excellent storage stability, and is fully compatible with other components in the composition. It exhibits no flocculation or stratification and can be anchored in the porous structure of the seed coating membrane through hydrogen bonding. It can be slowly released during seed germination, avoiding the impact on efficacy due to excessively high instantaneous concentrations or premature degradation.

[0012] In particular, N-acylglutamate, with its zwitterionic structure, can optimize the pore size distribution of the seed coating membrane, ensuring water retention while maintaining the gas permeability required for seed respiration. This effectively improves the "seed suffocation" problem caused by insufficient membrane permeability and increases seed germination rate and seedling uniformity.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cationic polysaccharide is a natural cationic polysaccharide, such as chitosan.

[0014] In some embodiments, the non-reducing disaccharide is a natural non-reducing disaccharide, such as trehalose.

[0015] In some embodiments, the acid in the acidic aqueous solution is acetic acid. Further, the mass concentration of the acid in the acidic aqueous solution is 0.1% to 1%, preferably 0.3% to 0.8%. The mass ratio of the cationic polysaccharide to the acidic aqueous solution is (1 to 5): 100.

[0016] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the cationic polysaccharide to the non-reducing disaccharide is 1:(1~3), preferably 1:(1.5~2.5).

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S1, the cationic polysaccharide is first pulverized to 80-100 mesh, then dissolved in an acidic aqueous solution, and stirred in a water bath at 50-60°C until completely dissolved to form a polysaccharide solution.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S2, the non-reducing disaccharide is dissolved in water to form a disaccharide solution with a mass concentration of 5% to 15%, and then the disaccharide solution is mixed with the polysaccharide solution to form the mixture.

[0019] In some embodiments, the freezing temperature is -45 to -35°C, and the freezing time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.

[0020] In some embodiments, the drying is vacuum drying, with a vacuum degree of 6~10 Pa, a temperature of 15~25℃, and a time of 14~16 h.

[0021] In some embodiments, the preparation method further includes pulverizing the product after freeze-drying and passing it through a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain the water-retaining agent.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the composition comprises, based on a total mass of 100%, the following: γ-Aminobutyric acid 0.3%~0.8%; N-acylglutamate 1%~3%; Betaine surfactants: 1%~2.5%; Water-retaining agent 1%~2.5%; Fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate 0.5%~1%; Carboxymethyl cellulose salt 1%~2.5%; Pesticides: 1%~40%; Dispersant 1%~5%; Water balance.

[0023] In some embodiments, the acyl group of the N-acylglutamate is derived from a C8-C18 fatty acid, which includes, but is not limited to, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid. As an example, the N-acylglutamate is one or more of lauroyl glutamate, myristic glutamate, palmitoyl glutamate, stearoyl glutamate, and oleoyl glutamate.

[0024] In some embodiments, the salt-forming cation of the N-acylglutamate is selected from one or more of sodium and potassium.

[0025] In some embodiments, the betaine surfactant is selected from one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramide propyl betaine, and palmitamide propyl betaine; and / or, In some embodiments, the fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate is a C12-C18 fatty acid (including but not limited to lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid); its salt-forming cation is selected from one or more of sodium and potassium.

[0026] In some embodiments, the salifying cation of the carboxymethyl cellulose salt is selected from one or more of sodium and potassium.

[0027] In some embodiments, the pesticide is selected from one or more of difenoconazole, fludioxonil, tebuconazole, thiram, carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid.

[0028] The dispersant is selected from one or more of the following: carboxylates (including but not limited to polycarboxylates, such as sodium polyacrylate; fatty acid salts, such as sodium stearate; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), sulfonates (including but not limited to: alkylbenzene sulfonates, such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate; naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate; methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate, such as sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate; lignin sulfonates, such as sodium / calcium lignin sulfonate), sulfates (including but not limited to: fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfates, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate; alkyl sulfates, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate), phosphates (including but not limited to: alkyl alcohol ether phosphates, such as lauryl ether phosphate; sodium tripolyphosphate; sodium hexametaphosphate), anionic dispersants, and polyether nonionic dispersants (including but not limited to: fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester).

[0029] In some embodiments, the composition further includes a warning color. As a preferred embodiment, the warning color is selected from red, orange, yellow, and green. The warning color constitutes 1% to 10% of the total mass of the composition.

[0030] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the seed treatment composition as described above, wherein the raw material components are mixed and then ground to obtain the composition.

[0031] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide an application of the seed treatment composition as described above, wherein the composition is mixed with seeds. In this invention, the mixing process can refer to conventional seed treatment methods in the art, including but not limited to mechanical mixing using a seed coater or coating equipment, drum coating, fluidized bed coating, or spray coating. In practical applications, appropriate operating parameters, such as rotation speed, time, temperature, and humidity, can be selected according to the seed type, treatment scale, and equipment conditions to ensure uniform coating of the composition without affecting seed viability.

[0032] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the composition to the seeds is 100:(1~10), preferably 100:(3~8).

[0033] In some embodiments, the seed is a cereal seed. As a preferred embodiment, the cereal seed is wheat.

[0034] A fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide seeds treated with the above-described seed treatment composition.

[0035] Due to the application of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The seed treatment composition provided by this invention has excellent water retention, comprehensive stress resistance, good compatibility with seed coating agent systems, and does not affect the normal respiration of seeds. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The implementation conditions used in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions not specified are conventional conditions in the industry. The technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and instruments used in the following embodiments and comparative examples are commercially available products or can be prepared with reference to existing technology.

[0037] In this invention, unless the context explicitly requires otherwise, the numerical range referred to as "numerical value A to numerical value B" refers to the range including the endpoints A and B. The numerical range referred to as "above" or "below" refers to the numerical range including the stated number. "Optional" or "optional" indicates that certain substances, components, execution steps, application conditions, etc., may or may not be used, and there is no limitation on the manner of use.

[0038] In this invention, unless the context explicitly requires otherwise, all numerical parameters modified by terms such as "about" (including but not limited to time, temperature, pressure, concentration, weight percentage, pH value, and size) should be understood to cover a reasonable range centered on the stated value, based on the fluctuation range of conventional experimental or production equipment. Specifically, this range typically includes ±10% of the stated value, and may be extended to ±20% of the stated value in certain embodiments or where conventional precision in the art allows. Such deviations should be understood as inherent fluctuations caused by differences in measuring instruments, operating methods, environmental conditions, or batch variations of materials, and the technical solutions within this range of fluctuations can achieve the core objectives and beneficial effects of this invention.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the water-retaining agent is a chitosan-trehalose complex, and its preparation method includes the following steps: S1. First, pulverize the chitosan (from Shaanxi Baichuan Kangze Biotechnology Co., Ltd., water-soluble chitosan) to 80-100 mesh. Then, add the chitosan to a 0.5% acetic acid aqueous solution at a ratio of 2% of the chitosan mass to the acetic acid solution mass. Stir in a water bath at 50-60℃ (200-300 r / min) until completely dissolved, about 30-60 min. Cool to room temperature and adjust the pH of the system to 5.0 with 0.1M NaOH aqueous solution.

[0040] S2. Dissolve trehalose in deionized water at a mass concentration of 10% (i.e., the mass ratio of trehalose to deionized water is 10:90), and stir at 40~50℃ until completely dissolved. The dissolution time is about 15~20 minutes.

[0041] S3. Mix the chitosan solution obtained in step S1 with the trehalose solution obtained in step S2 at a chitosan to trehalose mass ratio of 1:2, and stir at 80~100r / min for 30min at room temperature (25±2℃) to form a uniform mixture. Pour the mixture into a shallow dish (liquid layer thickness ≤1cm) and pre-freeze it: keep it in a -40℃ environment for 2h.

[0042] S4. The freeze-dried product obtained in step S3 is subjected to vacuum drying at a vacuum degree of 6~10 Pa and kept at 20℃ for 14~16 h.

[0043] S5. Crush the product obtained in step S4 and pass it through a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain free-flowing chitosan-trehalose complex powder, which is the water-retaining agent.

[0044] Example 1: This example provides a seed coating agent, which, based on a total mass of 100%, comprises: γ-Aminobutyric acid 0.5%, N-acylglutamate (specifically sodium lauroyl glutamate) 2%, Betaine (specifically cocamidopropyl betaine, purchased from Huainan Huajun New Material Technology Co., Ltd., brand name CAB-35) 2%, Water-retaining agent (chitosan-trehalose complex) 2%, MES-30 (sodium methyl ester sulfonate of fatty acids, purchased from Transfar Group Co., Ltd., brand name MES-30) 0.8%, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 2%, Dispersant (naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, brand name NNO, purchased from Anyang Shuanghuan Additives Co., Ltd.) 2%, Warning color (bright red, Dekma (Tianjin) Technology Development Co., Ltd., brand name R2211-S) 10%, Difenoconazole 2.2%, Fludioxonil 2.2%, Thiamethoxam 22.6%, Add deionized water to bring the total to 100%.

[0045] Weigh each component according to the above proportions, add them to a vertical sand mill (where the mass of zirconium beads is 2 to 2.5 times the total mass of all raw materials), grind for 150 minutes, and obtain the seed coating agent after discharge. Example 2: This example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 3% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0046] Example 3: This example provides a seed coating agent, the composition and preparation method of which are basically the same as those in Example 1. The only difference is that: betaine accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged. The amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0047] Example 4: This example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0048] Example 5: This example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0049] Example 6: This example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0050] The seed coating agent provided in this embodiment of the invention exhibits good thermal storage stability (sealed storage at 54±2℃ for 14 days) and room temperature storage stability (sealed storage at 25±2℃ for 3 months). During storage, there is no flocculation or stratification, and all performance indicators meet the standards. Furthermore, its cold storage stability (sealed storage at 0±2℃ for 7 days) is also excellent. After cold storage, there is no irreversible stratification or flocculation when the temperature is restored to room temperature, and it can quickly return to a uniform state after shaking.

[0051] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate and betaine are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0052] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid is not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0053] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate is not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0054] Comparative Example 4: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: betaine is not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0055] Comparative Example 5: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: no water-retaining agent is added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0056] Comparative Example 6: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 10, except that: MES-30 is not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0057] Comparative Example 7: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0058] Comparative Example 8: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0059] Comparative Example 9: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that γ-aminobutyric acid, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0060] Comparative Example 10: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, water-retaining agent, MES-30 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0061] Comparative Example 11: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, MES-30 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0062] Comparative Example 12: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0063] Comparative Example 13: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent and MES-30 are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0064] Comparative Example 14: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are not added, the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0065] Comparative Example 15: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: γ-aminobutyric acid accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, N-acylglutamate accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components except for deionized water remains unchanged. The amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0066] Comparative Example 16: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0067] Comparative Example 17: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0068] Comparative Example 18: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that: N-acylglutamate accounts for 1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 accounts for 0.2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounts for 0.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass percentage of the remaining components other than deionized water in the total mass of the seed coating agent remains unchanged, and the amount of deionized water is adjusted accordingly to make the total amount 100%.

[0069] Comparative Example 19: This comparative example provides a seed coating agent whose composition and preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the water-retaining agent (chitosan-trehalose complex) is replaced with chitosan and trehalose, and the chitosan and trehalose account for 2% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and the mass ratio of the two is 1:2.

[0070] Performance testing: (1) Water retention test Pre-dry a weighing bottle (including the cap) to constant weight (difference between two weighings ≤ 0.0005 g), and label the empty weighing bottle W0. Randomly select 500 intact, undamaged wheat seeds as a group, i.e., seed dry weight Ws. Calculate the required seed coating agent based on a seed-to-coating agent mass ratio of 100:2. Pour the seeds and the corresponding seed coating agent into the weighing bottle, cap it, and stir at a constant speed for 3 minutes to ensure uniform coating. Accurately weigh the total mass at this point and record it as W1 (W1 = seed dry weight Ws + seed coating agent mass Wc + W0).

[0071] All treatment groups were placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃ and 30% RH for drying. Weighing bottles were removed at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h, and the caps were quickly opened and weighed (the entire weighing process was controlled within 1 minute). The total mass at each time point was recorded as Wt. After weighing, the caps were immediately tightened and the bottles were returned to the constant temperature and humidity chamber for further drying.

[0072] The key performance indicators (KPIs) are calculated using the following formulas: ① Seed moisture content (M) t ):M t = (W t - W0 - Wc - W s ) / W s × 100% (representing the actual moisture content of seeds at a specified time point); ② Water retention rate (Rt): R t = (M t / M0) × 100% (M0 is the seed moisture content at 0h; this index reflects the seed's water retention capacity after coating, R t A higher value indicates better water retention.

[0073] Table 1 As shown in Table 1, under the simulated drought conditions of 25℃ and RH 30%, wheat seeds in all groups showed a continuous water loss trend, and the water retention rate gradually decreased over time, indicating that the experimental conditions can effectively evaluate the water retention performance of seeds.

[0074] Compared with Comparative Example 14, which did not contain γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wheat seeds treated with the seed coating agent of the present invention (Examples 1-6) showed higher water content and water retention rate at each measurement time point, indicating that the seed coating agent of the present invention has a synergistic water retention effect.

[0075] Further comparisons with Comparative Examples 14, 1-13, and 1-6 showed that the addition of γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alone or in combination, all improved seed water retention to varying degrees. The water retention effect was even more significant when all the above components were used together.

[0076] Furthermore, the dosage of each component also affects water retention performance: when the content is too low, the improvement effect is limited (comparative examples 15-18); when the content is too high, the water retention effect may decrease due to uneven film formation. Therefore, γ-aminobutyric acid is preferably 0.3%-0.8% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, N-acylglutamate is preferably 1%-3% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, betaine is preferably 0.5%-2.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, water-retaining agent is preferably 0.5%-2.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, MES-30 is preferably 0.2%-1% of the total mass of the seed coating agent, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is preferably 0.5%-2.5% of the total mass of the seed coating agent.

[0077] (2) Salt stress test 500 whole, undamaged wheat seeds were randomly selected and grouped into one batch. The required amount of seed coating agent was calculated based on a seed-to-coating agent mass ratio of 100:2. The seeds and the corresponding seed coating agent were mixed and stirred at a constant speed for 3 minutes to ensure uniform coating. Two layers of sterile filter paper were placed on each petri dish. NaCl solution was added to the sterile filter paper, with a volume of approximately 20-30 mL per dish. The NaCl concentration was set at 150 mmol / L. Fifty coated seeds were evenly placed on the filter paper, covered, and placed in an artificial climate incubator. The conditions were: temperature 25℃, light intensity 3000 lux, photoperiod 12h / 12h (light / dark), relative humidity 60%-70%, and NaCl solution of the appropriate concentration was replenished periodically. The key measurement indicators are as follows: ① Germination rate (%): Number of germinated seeds / Total number of seeds tested × 100%.

[0078] ② Germination potential (%): During the peak germination period, the number of germinated seeds / the total number of seeds tested × 100% reflects the uniformity of germination.

[0079] Table 2 As shown in Table 2, under salt stress, the germination rate of the tested wheat seeds after 7 days was between 62.4% and 82.8%, indicating that 150 mmol / L NaCl solution has a certain inhibitory effect on wheat seed germination.

[0080] Compared with Comparative Example 14, which did not contain γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wheat seeds treated with the seed coating agent of the present invention (Examples 1-6) showed significantly improved germination rate and germination potential. This indicates that the seed coating agent of the present invention can effectively alleviate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and enhance the germination ability and uniformity of wheat seeds under salt stress conditions.

[0081] Further comparisons with Comparative Examples 14, 1-13, and 1-6 show that the addition of γ-aminobutyric acid, N-acylglutamate, betaine, water-retaining agent, MES-30, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alone or in combination, can improve the germination ability and uniformity of wheat seeds under salt stress to varying degrees. The effect is even more significant when all the above components are used together.

[0082] Furthermore, the dosage of each component also affects the germination rate and germination potential: when the content is too low (e.g., in comparative examples 15-18), the improvement effect is limited; when the content is too high, the effect will decrease. This trend is similar to the aforementioned pattern of moisture content improvement, further confirming the synergistic relationship between component dosage and functional effect.

[0083] (3) Low temperature stress test 500 intact, undamaged wheat seeds were randomly selected and grouped into one set. The required seed coating agent was calculated based on a seed-to-coating agent mass ratio of 100:52. The seeds and the corresponding seed coating agent were mixed and stirred at a constant speed for 3 minutes to ensure uniform coating. Two layers of sterile filter paper were placed on each petri dish, and 10 mL of deionized water was added. Fifty coated seeds were evenly placed on the filter paper, covered, and placed in an artificial climate incubator at the corresponding temperature (light conditions as before, humidity 60%~70%). Based on the optimal germination temperature for wheat seeds (25℃), the low temperature was set to 5℃. Key indicators (germination rate and germination potential) were measured as above, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0084] Table 3 As shown in Table 3, the overall germination level of wheat seeds under low temperature (5℃) slope was lower than that under salt stress, indicating that the inhibitory effect of low temperature stress on wheat seed germination was more significant than that of salt stress. The low temperature environment significantly delayed the germination process of wheat seeds and reduced the germination efficiency.

[0085] Consistent with the trend under salt stress, the seed coating agent of this invention also shows a good mitigation effect under low temperature stress, effectively improving the germination ability and uniformity of wheat seeds and enhancing their adaptability to low temperature adversity.

[0086] In summary, the seed coating agent provided by this invention has a mitigating effect on drought, salt stress and low temperature stress, can effectively improve the water retention capacity of wheat seeds under stress conditions, and significantly promote their germination rate and uniformity, thereby enhancing the germination ability and growth potential of seeds under adverse conditions.

[0087] The present invention has been described in detail above, with the aim of enabling those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention. However, this description should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A seed treatment composition, characterized in that, Based on the total mass of the composition, which is 100%, it comprises: γ-Aminobutyric acid 0.3%~0.8%; N-acylglutamate 1%~3%; Betaine surfactants: 0.5%~2.5%; Water-retaining agent 0.5%~2.5%; Fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate 0.2%~1%; Carboxymethyl cellulose salt 0.5%~2.5%; Pesticides: 1%~40%; Dispersant 1%~5%; Water balance; The preparation method of the water-retaining agent includes the following steps: S1. Dissolve cationic polysaccharides in an acidic aqueous solution to form a polysaccharide solution; S2. Mix the non-reducing disaccharide with the polysaccharide solution to form a homogeneous mixture; S3. Freeze-dry the mixture to obtain the water-retaining agent.

2. The seed treatment composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cationic polysaccharide is chitosan; and / or, The non-reducing disaccharide is trehalose; and / or, The acid in the acidic aqueous solution is acetic acid; and / or, The mass ratio of the cationic polysaccharide to the non-reducing disaccharide is 1:(1~3).

3. The seed treatment composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total mass of the composition, which is 100%, it comprises: γ-Aminobutyric acid 0.3%~0.8%; N-acylglutamate 1%~3%; Betaine surfactants: 1%~2.5%; Water-retaining agent 1%~2.5%; Fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate 0.5%~1%; Carboxymethyl cellulose salt 1%~2.5%; Pesticides: 1%~40%; Dispersant 1%~5%; Water balance.

4. The seed treatment composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The acyl group of the N-acylglutamate is derived from a C8-C18 fatty acid, and the salt-forming cation is selected from one or more of sodium and potassium; and / or, The betaine surfactant is selected from one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramide propyl betaine, and palmitamide propyl betaine; and / or The fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate has a C12-C18 fatty acid, and the salt-forming cation is selected from one or more of sodium and potassium; and / or, The salt-forming cation of the carboxymethyl cellulose salt is selected from one or more of sodium and potassium; and / or, The pesticide is selected from one or more of the following: difenoconazole, fludioxonil, tebuconazole, thiram, carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid; The dispersant is selected from one or more of carboxylates, sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates (anionic dispersants), and polyethers (nonionic dispersants).

5. The seed treatment composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition also includes warning colors.

6. The seed treatment composition according to claim 5, characterized in that, The warning color is selected from any one of red, orange, yellow, and green; and / or, The warning color accounts for 1% to 10% of the total mass of the composition.

7. The method for preparing the seed treatment composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The raw material components are mixed and then ground to obtain the final product.

8. The application of the seed treatment composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The composition is mixed with the seeds.

9. The application of the seed treatment composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the composition to the seeds is 100:(1~10).

10. The application of the seed treatment composition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The seeds are grain seeds.

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