A method of flotation separation of a copper sulphide ore containing readily floating gangue

Abstract

The application discloses a flotation separation method of copper sulfide ore containing easy-to-float gangue, and belongs to the technical field of ore flotation separation. First, the copper sulfide ore containing easy-to-float gangue is crushed and ground to process into ore powder. Then, the ore powder is mixed with water to adjust into an ore slurry. Then, sulfite salt inhibitor is added into the ore slurry, and the dosage is 200-500 g / t; xanthate 540 and butyl ammonium black medicine are added as a combined collector, and the dosages are 20-50 g / t and 15-40 g / t respectively; 2# oil is added as a foaming agent, and the dosage is 20-30 g / t; and stirring flotation is carried out. The flotation separation method can significantly improve the flotation selectivity and recovery rate of chalcopyrite by using the environment-friendly sulfite salt inhibitor under low-alkali conditions, and can effectively inhibit the floating of pyrite and easy-to-float gangue. After the flotation operation, the grade of copper concentrate can be more than 20%, and the recovery rate can be more than 95%; the inhibitor is environment-friendly, the dosage is small, the operation is simple, and the flotation separation method is suitable for the flotation separation of complex and difficult-to-select copper-sulfur ore.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ore flotation and separation technology, specifically relating to a flotation and separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue. Background Technology

[0002] Gangue minerals in copper sulfide ores are naturally highly floatable, have low density, and are prone to mud formation, severely interfering with copper-sulfur separation. Large amounts of gangue entering the concentrate significantly affect the copper concentrate grade, failing to meet smelting requirements. Common separation methods for copper sulfide ores containing easily floatable gangue often employ the high-alkali lime method to suppress pyrite, but this method suffers from problems such as high pH, ​​low recovery of associated gold and silver, pipeline scaling, and environmental pollution. While oxide depressants have some effect, their adaptability to ores with complex and variable compositions is not ideal, their suppression effect may be unstable, easily leading to metal recovery losses, and they are highly toxic, posing significant personal and environmental risks; therefore, they have been gradually phased out. Based on this, developing a highly efficient, environmentally friendly flotation separation method adapted to low-alkali environments is of significant importance and has considerable application value. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flotation separation method for copper sulfide ores containing easily floatable gangue.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved by the flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue, comprising the following steps: Grinding: The process of crushing and grinding copper sulfide ore containing easily floating gangue into mineral powder; Slurry preparation: Mix mineral powder with water to prepare a slurry; Flotation: Add sulfite inhibitor to the pulp at a dosage of 200-500 g / t; add xanthate 540 and butylammonium black powder as combined collectors at dosages of 20-50 g / t and 15-40 g / t, respectively; add No. 2 oil as a frother at a dosage of 20-30 g / t; and carry out stirring flotation.

[0005] The technical solution described in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: By using an environmentally friendly sulfite depressant under low-alkali conditions, the flotation selectivity and recovery rate of chalcopyrite can be significantly improved, while effectively inhibiting the flotation of pyrite and easily floatable gangue. After flotation, the copper concentrate grade can reach >20%, and the recovery rate can reach >95%. This depressant is environmentally friendly, requires a small dosage, and is easy to operate, making it suitable for the flotation separation of complex and difficult-to-process copper-sulfur ores. Detailed Implementation

[0006] The present invention will be further described below, but this is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any modifications or substitutions made based on the teachings of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0007] The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ores containing easily floatable gangue, as described in this invention, includes the following steps: Grinding: The process of crushing and grinding copper sulfide ore containing easily floating gangue into mineral powder; Slurry preparation: Mix mineral powder with water to prepare a slurry; Flotation: Add sulfite inhibitor to the pulp at a dosage of 200-500 g / t; add xanthate 540 and butylammonium black powder as combined collectors at dosages of 20-50 g / t and 15-40 g / t, respectively; add No. 2 oil as a frother at a dosage of 20-30 g / t; and carry out stirring flotation.

[0008] The copper sulfide ore contains 0.3-0.5% copper.

[0009] In the grinding step, the particle size of the ore powder reaches -0.074 mm, accounting for 65-85%.

[0010] In the slurry preparation step, the slurry concentration is 25-40%.

[0011] In the flotation step, the sulfite inhibitor contains either sodium sulfite or potassium sulfite as the main inhibitory component. The sulfite inhibitor also contains sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, and sodium sulfate, mixed in a mass ratio of 13-16:4-7:0.7-1.

[0012] The flotation process includes a closed-loop process of one roughing, two cleaning, and one scavenging step or one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging steps.

[0013] The flotation temperature is 20~25℃, and the time for each operation is 4~10 minutes.

[0014] The flotation is carried out under neutral or weakly alkaline conditions. The pH value of the neutral or weakly alkaline conditions is 7-8.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] Grinding: Take a copper sulfide ore sample from the middle section of Dahongshan-20 in Yunnan Province, containing 0.44% Cu. The ore is crushed and ground to produce ore powder with a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 69.6%.

[0017] Slurry preparation: Mix mineral powder with water to adjust the slurry concentration to 40%.

[0018] Flotation: Sulfite inhibitor was added to the pulp at a dosage of 250 g / t; xanthate 540 and butylated phthalate were added as a combined collector at dosages of 50 g / t and 40 g / t, respectively; and No. 2 oil was added as a frother at a dosage of 20 g / t. The flotation temperature was controlled at 20~25℃, the pulp pH was 7~8, and each operation lasted 8~10 min. After a closed-circuit process of one rougher, two cleaners, and one scavenger, a copper concentrate grade of 20.54% and a recovery rate of 95.91% were obtained.

[0019] Example 2

[0020] Grinding: Take a copper sulfide ore sample from the middle section of Dahongshan-285 in Yunnan Province, containing 0.35% Cu. The ore is crushed and ground to produce ore powder with a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 80.83%.

[0021] Slurry preparation: Mix mineral powder with water to adjust the slurry concentration to 25%.

[0022] Flotation: Sulfite inhibitor was added to the pulp at a dosage of 370 g / t; xanthate 540 and butylated phthalate were added as a combined collector at dosages of 40 g / t and 22 g / t, respectively; and No. 2 oil was added as a frother at a dosage of 20 g / t. The flotation temperature was controlled at 20~25℃, the pulp pH was 7~8, and each operation lasted 4~6 minutes. After a closed-circuit process of one rougher, two cleaners, and two scavengers, a copper concentrate grade of 22.66% and a recovery rate of 96.29% were obtained.

[0023] Example 3

[0024] Grinding: The ore sample was the same as in Example 2. The ore was crushed and ground to produce ore powder, so that the particle size reached -0.074 mm, accounting for 74.81%.

[0025] Slurry preparation: Mix mineral powder with water to adjust the slurry concentration to 34%.

[0026] Flotation: Sulfite inhibitor was added to the pulp at a dosage of 450 g / t; xanthate 540 and butylated phthalate were added as a combined collector at dosages of 20 g / t and 15 g / t, respectively; and No. 2 oil was added as a frother at a dosage of 30 g / t. The flotation temperature was controlled at 20~25℃, the pulp pH was controlled at 7~8, and each operation lasted 6~8 minutes. After a closed-circuit process of one rougher, two cleaners, and one scavenger, a copper concentrate grade of 24.70% and a recovery rate of 96.81% were obtained.

Claims

1. A flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Grinding: The process of crushing and grinding copper sulfide ore containing easily floating gangue into mineral powder; Slurry preparation: Mix mineral powder with water to prepare a slurry; Flotation: Add sulfite inhibitor to the pulp at a dosage of 200-500 g / t; add xanthate 540 and butylammonium black powder as combined collectors at dosages of 20-50 g / t and 15-40 g / t, respectively; add No. 2 oil as a frother at a dosage of 20-30 g / t; and carry out stirring flotation.

2. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper sulfide ore contains 0.3-0.5% copper.

3. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral powder has a particle size of -0.074 mm, accounting for 65-85%.

4. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slurry concentration is 25-40%.

5. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sulfite inhibitor contains either sodium sulfite or potassium sulfite as the main inhibitory component.

6. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sulfite inhibitor also contains sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, and sodium sulfate, which are mixed in a mass ratio of 13-16:4-7:0.7-1.

7. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flotation process includes a closed-loop process of one roughing, two cleaning, and one scavenging step or one roughing, two cleaning, and two scavenging steps.

8. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flotation temperature is 20~25℃, and the time for each operation is 4~10 minutes.

9. The flotation separation method for copper sulfide ore containing easily floatable gangue according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flotation is carried out under neutral or weakly alkaline conditions.