A kind of pulling stem root cleaning pulverizing decomposing agent sprays integrated machine

Abstract

This application provides an integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying, relating to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment. It includes a frame, a primary clamping chain assembly, a stalk pulling disc, a secondary clamping chain assembly, a stalk pulling mechanism, a root cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and a pesticide spraying mechanism. The primary and secondary clamping chain assemblies, combined with the stalk pulling mechanism, can pull cotton stalks up from the soil along with their roots. The root cleaning mechanism is used to specifically clean the soil around the roots of the cotton stalks. The conveying mechanism is used to transport the cotton stalks and cut and crush them. The pesticide spraying mechanism is used to spray pesticides onto the crushed cotton stalks. This solution can pull up the entire cotton stalk for crushing, while simultaneously spraying pesticides comprehensively, followed by straw return to the field, effectively promoting the crushing and return of cotton stalks to the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, specifically to an integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying. Background Technology

[0002] Xinjiang is one of the major cotton-producing areas in China, with a cotton planting area of ​​over 37 million mu. Currently, the main method of cotton stalk crushing and returning to the field is to utilize cotton stalks. The methods of shredding and burying cotton stalks can no longer meet the demand. Furthermore, farmland has extremely limited capacity to support cotton stalks returned to the field. After years of full-scale return to the field, cotton stalks are difficult to decompose effectively, leading to the accumulation of a large amount of undecomposed organic matter and causing pests and diseases. In particular, cotton stalk removal is the first and key process in cotton stalk harvesting. However, due to the very hard surface of cotton stalks, the high lignin content (20%-30%), and the presence of soil, they are difficult to break down and degrade. Drought and low temperatures restrict the natural decomposition of cotton stalks, and even after being crushed and returned to the field, they do not decompose easily, resulting in unsatisfactory soil fertility and severely impacting the planting of subsequent crops. Diseases such as damping-off, red rot, anthracnose, wilt, root-knot nematode, and black rot carried by cotton roots can easily spread to the following year's crops through the soil, disrupting the balance of the farmland ecosystem. Removing cotton stalks by the roots and then spraying them with pesticides to break down and decompose them can not only reduce resource waste but also eliminate many adverse effects on the healthy development of the cotton industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying, in order to solve the problem that the traditional cotton stalk crushing and returning method in the existing technology results in cotton stalks being mixed with soil and difficult to break and decompose.

[0004] Based on the above objectives, this application provides an integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying, including a frame and a primary clamping chain assembly, a stalk pulling disc, a secondary clamping chain assembly, a stalk pulling mechanism, a root cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and an agent spraying mechanism, all mounted on the frame.

[0005] The primary clamping chain assembly is located above the front end of the frame and is used to gather and clamp the cotton stalks and drag them to the rear end of the frame. The secondary clamping chain assembly is located above the rear end of the primary clamping chain assembly. A pair of lever discs are arranged opposite each other and are located between the primary clamping chain assembly and the secondary clamping chain assembly. They are used to move the cotton stalks from the primary clamping chain assembly to the secondary clamping chain assembly.

[0006] The stalk pulling mechanism is located below the secondary clamping chain assembly and is used to pull the cotton stalks held by the secondary clamping chain assembly upwards and remove them from the soil.

[0007] The root cleaning mechanism is located between the top of the stalk pulling mechanism and the bottom of the secondary clamping chain assembly. The root cleaning mechanism is used to clean the soil around the cotton stalk roots.

[0008] The conveying mechanism is located behind the secondary clamping chain assembly and is used to convey cotton stalks;

[0009] The crushing mechanism is located inside the conveying mechanism and is used to simultaneously cut and crush the conveyed cotton stalks.

[0010] The pesticide spraying mechanism is located behind the conveying mechanism and is used to spray pesticides onto the crushed cotton stalks.

[0011] Furthermore, the primary clamping chain assembly includes two opposing first clamping chains and a first drive assembly;

[0012] The two first clamping chains form a funnel shape from front to back to gather and clamp the cotton stalks;

[0013] The first drive assembly includes a first drive motor, a first drive shaft, a first support shaft, a first drive sprocket, and a first driven sprocket;

[0014] A first bearing seat is fixed on the longitudinal beam at the top of the frame. The first drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the first bearing seat in the vertical direction. The first drive motor is connected to the top of the first drive shaft. The first drive sprocket is fixed to the lower part of the first drive shaft.

[0015] The first support shaft is fixed vertically on the frame in front of the first bearing seat. The first driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the first support shaft through a bearing. The first clamping chain is respectively sleeved on the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket. Several first gathering knives are arranged at intervals on the first clamping chain.

[0016] Furthermore, the lever disc is fixed to the lower part of the first drive shaft, and the lever disc is located below the first clamping chain. Multiple lever claws are arranged in the circumferential direction of the lever disc.

[0017] Furthermore, the secondary clamping chain assembly includes two opposing second clamping chains and a second drive assembly; the two second clamping chains form a funnel shape from front to back to gather and clamp the cotton stalks;

[0018] The second drive assembly includes a second drive motor, a second drive shaft, a second drive sprocket, and a second driven sprocket;

[0019] A second bearing seat is fixed on the longitudinal beam at the top of the frame. The second drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the second bearing seat in the vertical direction. The second drive motor is connected to the top of the second drive shaft. The second drive sprocket is fixed to the lower part of the second drive shaft.

[0020] The second driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the first drive shaft via a bearing, and the second clamping chain is respectively sleeved on the second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket;

[0021] The second clamping chain is provided with several second gathering blades distributed at intervals.

[0022] Furthermore, the stalk pulling mechanism includes a stalk pulling support frame, two sets of interlocking stalk pulling components arranged from bottom to top, and a stalk pulling transmission component, wherein each set of stalk pulling components includes two parallel and interlocking stalk pulling devices.

[0023] The pulling device includes multiple long strip-shaped toothed blades, a toothed blade fixing frame, and a toothed blade bearing seat; multiple toothed blades are evenly fixed in the circumferential direction of the toothed blade fixing frame, and the toothed blades extend along the length direction of the toothed blade fixing frame; several toothed blades for cutting cotton stalks are provided on the side of the toothed blades away from the toothed blade fixing frame.

[0024] The stalk pulling support frame is fixed to the machine frame by a telescopic support device;

[0025] The toothed blade bearing seat is fixed to the rear side of the stalk pulling support frame. The end of the toothed blade fixing frame is rotatably connected to the toothed blade bearing seat through the toothed blade drive shaft. The toothed blade drive shaft in the pulling device located below is driven to rotate by the stalk pulling drive motor.

[0026] In the two sets of extraction components, the toothed drive shafts of the vertically adjacent extraction devices are connected by a stalk extraction transmission assembly.

[0027] Furthermore, the root cleaning mechanism includes two cleaning rollers arranged opposite each other, a cleaning transmission assembly, and a cleaning roller bearing housing;

[0028] The cleaning roller bearing seat is fixed on the stalk pulling support frame;

[0029] The end of the cleaning roller is mounted on the cleaning roller bearing seat through a roller shaft, and the roller shaft and the toothed cutter drive shaft in the extraction device located below are connected by a cleaning transmission assembly.

[0030] The outer wall of the cleaning roller is provided with several cleaning wires, and the cleaning wires on the two cleaning rollers are interlaced to clean the residual soil at the roots of the cotton stalks.

[0031] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism includes a Z-shaped conveyor belt device and a guide bar cover;

[0032] The Z-shaped conveyor belt device is mounted on the frame, and the feed end of the Z-shaped conveyor belt device is lower than the discharge end, with the feed end located behind the secondary clamping chain assembly;

[0033] The guide bar cover is arc-shaped and includes two side plates and a top plate. The two side plates are connected to the frame and are located on both sides of the Z-shaped conveyor belt device. The top plate is connected to the top of the two side plates.

[0034] The Z-shaped conveyor belt device and the guide stalk cover form a channel for crushing and conveying cotton stalks.

[0035] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes multiple crushing rollers, multiple fixed blades, a roller drive device, and a roller transmission assembly;

[0036] Multiple crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the side plate via bearings, and multiple cutting blades are provided on the crushing rollers;

[0037] The blade roller drive device is used to drive multiple crushing blade rollers to rotate through the blade roller transmission assembly;

[0038] Multiple longitudinal beams are provided above the side plate, and at least one longitudinal beam is provided above each crushing roller. Multiple fixed blades are fixed to the bottom of the longitudinal beams, and the multiple fixed blades and multiple cutting blades are arranged alternately. When the crushing roller is rotating, the cotton stalks are cut and crushed by the cutting blades and fixed blades.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes a stalk feeding device, which includes a feeding roller, feeding blades, a feeding shaft transmission assembly, and a feeding shaft drive device.

[0040] The agitator roller is located behind the crushing mechanism and is rotatably connected to the side plate via bearings. The agitator shaft drive device drives the agitator roller to rotate via the agitator shaft transmission assembly. Multiple agitator blades are fixed at intervals on the circumferential surface of the agitator roller and are used to agitate the crushed cotton stalks to the liquid spraying area of ​​the liquid spraying mechanism.

[0041] Furthermore, the agent spraying mechanism includes a spraying device, a corrosive agent storage tank, and a pressure pump;

[0042] The spraying device is provided in two sets. One set of spraying devices is located above the top plate and is fixedly connected to the side plate. The top plate is provided with multiple slots for the passage of the agent.

[0043] Another set of spraying devices is fixed to the rear end of the frame by an arc-shaped guide plate and is located behind the discharge end of the conveying mechanism. The arc-shaped guide plate is provided with multiple empty slots for the passage of the agent.

[0044] The corrosion-degrading agent storage tank and the pressure pump are connected by a pipeline;

[0045] The spraying device is connected to the pressure pump via a pipeline.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in this application has the following technical advantages compared with the prior art:

[0047] In this design, the primary clamping chain assembly is positioned above the front end of the frame to gather and clamp cotton stalks, dragging them towards the rear end of the frame. The secondary clamping chain assembly, combined with the stalk-pulling mechanism, pulls the cotton stalks up by the roots and removes them from the soil. A root cleaning mechanism is used to thoroughly clean the soil around the cotton stalk roots, preventing root clumping and ensuring proper crushing and even spraying of the decomposing agent. A conveying mechanism is located behind the secondary clamping chain assembly to transport the cotton stalks. A crushing mechanism is located inside the conveying mechanism to simultaneously and thoroughly cut and crush the transported cotton stalks. A spraying mechanism is located behind the conveying mechanism to... This method involves spraying pesticides onto shredded cotton stalks, ensuring the entire stalk is covered and fully coated with the pesticide solution, accelerating decomposition and disinfecting pathogens carried at the roots. Compared to existing technologies, this method allows for the complete uprooting and shredding of cotton stalks, simultaneous pesticide application, and return of the stalks to the field. It integrates multiple agronomic techniques to improve the soil and enables simultaneous, continuous operation. This overcomes the limitation of existing stalk return devices that cannot shred the roots of cotton stalks, while simultaneously accelerating the decomposition of the stalks, depriving pathogens of nutrients, and disinfecting the shredded stalks to eliminate pathogens. This method significantly promotes the shredding and return of cotton stalks to the field. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a front view of the integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in this application embodiment;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a right view of the integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in this application embodiment;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a top view of the integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in the embodiments of this application (stalk guide cover omitted).

[0052] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in the embodiments of this application (stalk guide cover omitted).

[0053] Figure 5This is a partial structural diagram of the integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lever disc provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0055] Icons: 1-Frame; 100-First-stage clamping chain assembly; 110-First clamping chain; 111-First gathering blade; 120-First drive sprocket; 130-First driven sprocket; 140-First drive shaft; 150-Stalk feeding device; 151-Actuating roller; 152-Actuating blade; 153-Actuating shaft transmission assembly; 154-Actuating shaft drive device;

[0056] 200 - Crank plate; 210 - Crank claw;

[0057] 300 - Secondary clamping chain assembly; 310 - Second clamping chain; 311 - Second gathering blade; 320 - Second drive motor; 330 - Second drive sprocket; 340 - Second driven sprocket;

[0058] 400-Stalk pulling mechanism; 410-Telescopic support device; 420-Stalk pulling support frame; 430-Pulling device; 431-Toothed cutter fixing frame; 432-Toothed cutter plate; 433-Toothed cutter bearing seat; 440-Stalk pulling drive motor; 450-Stalk pulling transmission assembly.

[0059] 500 - Root cleaning mechanism; 510 - Cleaning roller; 520 - Cleaning transmission assembly; 530 - Cleaning roller bearing housing;

[0060] 600 - Conveying mechanism; 610 - Z-type conveyor belt device; 620 - Guide bar cover;

[0061] 700 - Crushing mechanism; 710 - Crushing roller; 711 - Cutting blade; 720 - Fixed blade; 730 - Roller drive device; 740 - Roller transmission assembly;

[0062] 800-Agent spraying mechanism; 810-Spraying device; 811-Spray bar; 812-Atomizing nozzle; 820-Corrosion agent storage tank; 830-Pressure pump; 840-Arc-shaped guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides an integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying, including a frame 1 and a primary clamping chain assembly 100, a stalk pulling disc 200, a secondary clamping chain assembly 300, a stalk pulling mechanism 400, a root cleaning mechanism 500, a conveying mechanism 600, a crushing mechanism 700, and an agent spraying mechanism 800 arranged sequentially on the frame 1. All of the above components work together to complete the integrated operation process of cotton stalk pulling, cleaning, crushing, and agent spraying.

[0067] The frame 1, as the overall support structure, can be welded from rectangular steel pipes, possessing sufficient rigidity and strength to withstand vibrations and loads during field operations. Wheels can be installed at the bottom of the frame 1, and the front end of the frame 1 is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension to adapt to different operating environments and power requirements.

[0068] In this embodiment, the primary clamping chain assembly 100 is disposed above the front end of the frame 1, and is used to initially gather and clamp the upright or fallen cotton stalks in the field, and smoothly drag them to the rear of the frame 1.

[0069] Specifically, the primary clamping chain assembly 100 includes two opposing first clamping chains 110 and a first driving assembly for driving their operation; the gap between the two first clamping chains 110 gradually narrows from front to back, forming a funnel-shaped structure, thereby achieving effective gathering and clamping of the cotton stalks.

[0070] The first drive assembly includes a first drive motor, a first drive shaft 140, a first support shaft, a first drive sprocket 120, and a first driven sprocket 130. Specifically, a first bearing seat is installed on the longitudinal beam at the top of the frame 1, and the first drive shaft 140 is rotatably mounted on the first bearing seat in the vertical direction. The first drive motor is usually installed on the upper part of the frame 1 or fixed by a bracket, and is connected to the top of the first drive shaft 140 through a coupling to provide power.

[0071] The first drive sprocket 120 is fixed to the lower part of the first drive shaft 140, and the first support shaft is fixed vertically on the frame 1 and located in front of the first bearing seat. The first driven sprocket 130 is rotatably connected to the first support shaft through a bearing. Two first clamping chains 110 are respectively sleeved on the first drive sprocket 120 and the first driven sprocket 130 to form a closed-loop transmission. To enhance the gathering effect, a number of first gathering blades 111 are spaced apart on the outer surface of the first clamping chain 110. These first gathering blades 111 can insert into the cotton stalks during chain movement, pull them towards the center, and clamp and transport them.

[0072] Considering that during the process of cotton stalks being clamped and transported by the primary clamping chain assembly 100, some cotton stalks may not be effectively grasped or may get stuck or fall off when handed over to subsequent stages, this embodiment of the application provides a pair of opposing stalk-pulling discs 200 located between the two chains, near their rear ends. The stalk-pulling discs 200 are fixed to the lower part of the first drive shaft 140 and located below the first clamping chain 110. Multiple outwardly extending stalk-pulling claws 210 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stalk-pulling discs 200.

[0073] In application, when the first drive shaft 140 rotates, it drives the lever disc 200 to rotate synchronously. The lever claw 210 on it can actively and smoothly move and guide the cotton stalk that has been initially gathered and clamped by the first clamping chain 110 to the working area of ​​the secondary clamping chain assembly 300 located behind, so as to realize the reliable transfer of cotton stalk between the two clamping mechanisms and avoid the loss or blockage of cotton stalk due to insufficient clamping force or positional deviation.

[0074] The secondary clamping chain assembly 300 is located above the rear end of the primary clamping chain assembly 100. It is used to receive the cotton stalk from the stalk-pulling disc 200 and perform secondary clamping and conveying. Its structure is similar to that of the primary clamping chain assembly 100, but its function is more critical because the secondary clamping chain assembly 300 needs to provide a more stable and reliable clamping force to cooperate with the subsequent stalk-pulling action.

[0075] Reference Figures 1 to 5Specifically, the secondary clamping chain assembly 300 also includes two opposing second clamping chains 310 and a second drive assembly. The two second clamping chains 310 also form a flared shape that is wider at the front and narrower at the back. The second drive assembly includes a second drive motor 320, a second drive shaft, a second drive sprocket 330 and a second driven sprocket 340.

[0076] The second bearing housing is fixed to the longitudinal beam at the top of the frame 1, and the second drive shaft is vertically mounted therethrough. The second drive motor 320 is connected to the top of the second drive shaft. The second drive sprocket 330 is fixed to the lower part of the second drive shaft, and the second driven sprocket 340 is rotatably connected to the first drive shaft 140 (i.e., the first drive shaft 140 of the first-stage clamping chain) through a bearing. This allows the second clamping chain 310 to be sleeved on the second drive sprocket 330 and the second driven sprocket 340, resulting in a compact structure that makes full use of the existing shaft system. The second clamping chain 310 is also provided with second gathering blades 311 at intervals to enhance clamping and conveying capabilities.

[0077] After the cotton stalk is firmly clamped by the secondary clamping chain assembly 300, its roots remain deeply embedded in the soil. In order to pull the cotton stalk out completely, this embodiment of the application provides a stalk pulling mechanism 400 directly below the secondary clamping chain assembly 300.

[0078] The stalk pulling mechanism 400 includes a stalk pulling support frame 420 fixed to the frame 1 by a telescopic support device 410 (such as a hydraulic cylinder or a spiral adjusting rod). The gap of the stalk pulling support frame 420 can be adjusted according to the crop spacing. Two sets of interlocking pulling components arranged from bottom to top are arranged on the stalk pulling support frame 420. Each set of pulling components includes two parallel pulling devices 430 with equally interlocking teeth.

[0079] Specifically, the extraction device 430 includes a toothed blade holder 431, a plurality of elongated toothed blade plates 432, and a toothed blade bearing seat 433;

[0080] The toothed cutter holder 431 is typically cylindrical or nearly cylindrical, with multiple toothed cutter plates 432 evenly fixed along its circumference. Each toothed cutter plate 432 has several sharp toothed cutters on its edge away from the holder.

[0081] The end of the toothed cutter fixing bracket 431 is rotatably connected to the toothed cutter bearing seat 433 fixed to the rear side of the stalk pulling support bracket 420 via a toothed cutter drive shaft. A stalk pulling drive motor 440 is mounted on the stalk pulling support bracket 420 or the frame 1 to drive the toothed cutter drive shaft of the lowest pulling device 430 to rotate. In the two sets of pulling assemblies, the toothed cutter drive shafts of vertically adjacent pulling devices 430 transmit power through a stalk pulling transmission assembly 450, thereby enabling multiple pulling devices 430 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. In this embodiment, the stalk pulling transmission assembly 450 can adopt a chain drive or belt drive structure.

[0082] During operation, the staggered rotating toothed blades 432 are equivalent to multiple sets of rotating comb teeth, which are inserted into the soil around the roots of the cotton stalk from below. By using a combination of rotating cutting and upward lifting action, the roots of the cotton stalk are separated from the soil and pulled up as a whole. Then, the pulled-up cotton stalk is conveyed backward by the secondary clamping chain assembly 300 that continues to feed it from above.

[0083] In addition, the front end of the toothed blade holder 431 is provided with a circular first guide head, which is used to gather the cotton stalks towards the center.

[0084] After cotton stalks are pulled up, their roots are often covered with a large amount of compacted soil clumps or clay. If they are directly put into the crushing process, it will not only increase the wear of the blades and affect the crushing quality, but also cause soil to be mixed into the broken stalks, affecting the uniformity of subsequent pesticide spraying and the decomposition effect.

[0085] Therefore, this embodiment of the application specifically provides a root cleaning mechanism 500, which is located between the top of the stalk pulling mechanism 400 and the bottom of the secondary clamping chain assembly 300. The root cleaning mechanism 500 includes a pair of cleaning rollers 510 arranged opposite to each other, a cleaning transmission assembly 520, and a cleaning roller bearing seat 530;

[0086] The cleaning roller bearing seat 530 is fixed on the stalk pulling support frame 420. The end of the cleaning roller 510 is inserted into the cleaning roller bearing seat 530 via a roller shaft. The roller shaft of the cleaning roller 510 is linked with the toothed cutter drive shaft in the pulling device 430 located below through the cleaning transmission assembly 520 (e.g., a sprocket and chain drive), and is thus driven by the stalk pulling drive motor 440 without the need for an additional power source. The outer walls of the two cleaning rollers 510 are provided with a large number of flexible cleaning filaments (such as steel wire or rubber strips) circumferentially, and the cleaning filaments on the two cleaning rollers 510 are interlaced. When the cotton stalk roots with soil attached pass between the two opposing rotating cleaning rollers 510, the interlaced cleaning filaments thoroughly brush, beat, and knead the roots, breaking up and peeling off large pieces of soil. The soil removed falls back to the ground through the gap, while the basically cleaned cotton stalks continue to be conveyed backward.

[0087] In addition, a circular second guide head is provided at the other end (front end) of the cleaning roller 510 to gather the cotton stalks towards the center.

[0088] The root cleaning mechanism 500 can be expanded in various ways. The material, diameter, density, and length of the cleaning filaments can be adjusted according to the soil's density. The rotation speed of the cleaning roller 510 can be linked to the stalk pulling speed to ensure sufficient cleaning time. Air or water spray auxiliary devices can be installed, with nozzles positioned in front of or behind the cleaning roller 510 to assist in flushing the root soil using airflow or water flow, which is particularly suitable for heavy, sticky soils. The drive of the cleaning roller 510 can also be independently controlled, with a variable-speed motor to optimize the cleaning effect.

[0089] The cleaned cotton stalks are continuously conveyed backward by the secondary clamping chain assembly 300 and enter the conveying mechanism 600. The function of the conveying mechanism 600 in this embodiment is to smoothly and continuously transport the cotton stalks from the clamping and pulling station to the crushing station.

[0090] Reference Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 600 mainly includes a Z-shaped conveyor belt device 610 and a guide stalk cover 620. The Z-shaped conveyor belt device 610 is mounted on the frame 1. Its feed end is positioned low, located below and behind the secondary clamping chain assembly 300, to facilitate the catching of falling cotton stalks. The discharge end is positioned high, providing a suitable throwing angle for subsequent crushing and spraying. The surface of the conveyor belt can be provided with baffles or patterns to increase friction.

[0091] The guide stalk cover 620 is an arc-shaped shell, consisting of two side plates and a top plate. The two side plates are fixed to the frame 1 and located on both sides of the Z-type conveyor belt device 610, while the top plate connects to the top of the two side plates. The space between the Z-type conveyor belt device 610 and the guide stalk cover 620 forms the conveying and crushing channel for the cotton stalks. The guide stalk cover 620 serves to guide, protect, and prevent material splashing.

[0092] Inside the conveying mechanism 600, a crushing mechanism 700 is integrated to simultaneously cut and crush the cotton stalks during the conveying process, realizing the integration of conveying and crushing, shortening the process and improving efficiency.

[0093] The crushing mechanism 700 includes multiple parallel-arranged crushing rollers 710, multiple fixed blades 720, a roller drive device 730, and a roller transmission assembly 740. The multiple crushing rollers 710 are rotatably connected to two side plates of the guide rail cover 620 via bearings. Each crushing roller 710 has multiple cutting blades 711 (such as moving blades) distributed circumferentially and axially on its roller body. The roller drive device 730 (such as an electric motor or hydraulic motor) drives all the crushing rollers 710 to rotate in the same direction or relative to each other according to a specific pattern via the roller transmission assembly 740 (such as a synchronous gearbox or chain drive). Above the side plates of the guide rail cover 620, multiple longitudinal beams are provided, with at least one longitudinal beam corresponding to each crushing roller 710. Multiple fixed blades 720 are fixed to the bottom of these longitudinal beams, and the cutting edges of the fixed blades 720 are staggered with the cutting edges of the rotating cutting blades 711 on the crushing rollers 710, forming multiple shearing pairs. As the cotton stalks are carried through this area by the conveyor belt, the high-speed rotating cutting blade 711 and the fixed blade 720 work together to repeatedly shear, impact and tear the cotton stalks, crushing them into short fragments that meet the requirements for returning them to the field.

[0094] In order to better guide the crushed cotton stalk fragments to the pesticide spraying area and ensure that the fragments are evenly dispersed to facilitate pesticide coverage, this embodiment of the application may optionally include a stalk fragment conveying device 150; the stalk fragment conveying device 150 is located behind the crushing mechanism 700 and near the discharge end of the conveying mechanism 600.

[0095] The stalk feeding device 150 includes a pushing roller 151, multiple pushing blades 152, a pushing shaft transmission assembly 153, and a pushing shaft drive device 154;

[0096] The agitator roller 151 is laterally rotatably connected to the side plate of the guide stalk cover 620 via bearings. The agitator shaft drive device 154 drives the agitator roller 151 to rotate via the agitator shaft transmission assembly 153 (such as a belt or chain). Multiple agitator blades 152 are fixed at intervals along the circumference of the agitator roller 151. When the pulverized stalks are discharged from the end of the conveyor belt, the rotating agitator blades 152 disperse and scatter them, forming a relatively uniformly dispersed curtain of stalk fragments, creating ideal conditions for subsequent pesticide spraying.

[0097] To promote rapid decomposition of the crushed cotton stalks and kill any pathogens that may be carried by the roots, this embodiment of the application includes a pesticide spraying mechanism 800 located behind the conveying mechanism 600. The pesticide spraying mechanism 800 includes a spraying device 810, a decomposing agent storage tank 820, and a pressure pump 830. Two sets of spraying devices 810 are provided to achieve three-dimensional, enveloping spraying of the crushed stalks.

[0098] One set of spraying devices 810 is installed above the top plate of the guide rod cover 620 and is fixedly connected to the side plate. The top plate has multiple slots to allow the liquid medicine to pass through.

[0099] Another set of spraying devices 810 is fixed to the rear end of the frame 1 by an arc-shaped guide plate 840, located behind the discharge end of the conveying mechanism 600. The arc-shaped guide plate 840 also has multiple slots.

[0100] A corrosion inhibitor storage tank 820 is installed at the rear of the frame 1. A pressure pump 830 (which can be an electric pump or a pump powered by a tractor) is connected to the corrosion inhibitor storage tank 820 through a pipe to pump out the agent. The pressure pump 830 is then connected to two sets of spray devices 810 through pipes and a distribution valve. Each spray device 810 includes a spray bar 811 and multiple atomizing nozzles 812. The spray bar 811 is fixed to the side plate by a bracket, and the multiple atomizing nozzles 812 are respectively assembled to the spray bar 811 through connectors. The multiple atomizing nozzles 812 are connected to the pressure pump 830 through pipes.

[0101] During operation, the chopped stalks thrown from the conveying mechanism 600 first pass through the liquid mist formed by the upper spraying device 810, and then pass through the second liquid mist formed by the rear spraying device 810 as they move backward and downward. This ensures that all surfaces of the chopped stalks, both top and bottom, front and back, are fully covered and enveloped by the liquid, achieving uniform and comprehensive application of pesticide.

[0102] The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying provided in this application embodiment achieves continuous, efficient, and integrated processing of cotton stalks through the sequential arrangement and coordinated operation of the above-mentioned mechanisms.

[0103] The workflow is as follows: When the machine moves forward, the primary clamping chain assembly 100 gathers and initially clamps the cotton stalks, conveying them backward; the stalk-pulling disc 200 moves them to the secondary clamping chain assembly 300; while the secondary clamping chain assembly 300 firmly clamps the upper part of the cotton stalk, the stalk-pulling mechanism 400 below it pulls the cotton stalk up by the roots; the root cleaning mechanism 500 then brushes away the soil from the roots; the cleaned cotton stalk enters the conveying mechanism 600; during the conveying process, the crushing mechanism 700 integrated in the conveying channel thoroughly crushes the cotton stalk; the crushed stalk fragments are dispersed and scattered by the conveying device; finally, two sets of spraying devices 810 spray the falling stalk fragments with pesticide in a three-dimensional manner, so that they are fully coated with pesticide and evenly scattered on the field surface, completing the entire return-to-field operation. The entire process is continuous and automated, which greatly improves the efficiency and quality of operations. It effectively solves the problems of incomplete removal, soil residue at the roots, insufficient crushing, slow decomposition, and disease spread that exist in traditional cotton stalk returning to the field. It provides advanced equipment support for the resource utilization of cotton stalks and the sustainable development of farmland.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine integrating stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying, characterized in that, It includes a frame and a primary clamping chain assembly, a stalk pulling disc, a secondary clamping chain assembly, a stalk pulling mechanism, a root cleaning mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, and a pesticide spraying mechanism mounted on the frame; The primary clamping chain assembly is located above the front end of the frame and is used to gather and clamp the cotton stalks and drag them to the rear end of the frame. The secondary clamping chain assembly is located above the rear end of the primary clamping chain assembly. A pair of lever discs are arranged opposite each other and are located between the primary clamping chain assembly and the secondary clamping chain assembly. They are used to move the cotton stalks from the primary clamping chain assembly to the secondary clamping chain assembly. The stalk pulling mechanism is located below the secondary clamping chain assembly and is used to pull the cotton stalks held by the secondary clamping chain assembly upwards and remove them from the soil. The root cleaning mechanism is located between the top of the stalk pulling mechanism and the bottom of the secondary clamping chain assembly. The root cleaning mechanism is used to clean the soil around the cotton stalk roots. The conveying mechanism is located behind the secondary clamping chain assembly and is used to convey cotton stalks; The crushing mechanism is located inside the conveying mechanism and is used to simultaneously cut and crush the conveyed cotton stalks. The pesticide spraying mechanism is located behind the conveying mechanism and is used to spray pesticides onto the crushed cotton stalks.

2. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The primary clamping chain assembly includes two opposing first clamping chains and a first drive assembly; The two first clamping chains form a funnel shape from front to back to gather and clamp the cotton stalks; The first drive assembly includes a first drive motor, a first drive shaft, a first support shaft, a first drive sprocket, and a first driven sprocket; A first bearing seat is fixed on the longitudinal beam at the top of the frame. The first drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the first bearing seat in the vertical direction. The first drive motor is connected to the top of the first drive shaft. The first drive sprocket is fixed to the lower part of the first drive shaft. The first support shaft is fixed vertically on the frame in front of the first bearing seat. The first driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the first support shaft through a bearing. The first clamping chain is respectively sleeved on the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket. Several first gathering knives are arranged at intervals on the first clamping chain.

3. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lever disc is fixed to the lower part of the first drive shaft and is located below the first clamping chain. Multiple lever claws are arranged in the circumferential direction of the lever disc.

4. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary clamping chain assembly includes two opposing second clamping chains and a second drive assembly; the two second clamping chains form a funnel shape from front to back to gather and clamp the cotton stalks; The second drive assembly includes a second drive motor, a second drive shaft, a second drive sprocket, and a second driven sprocket; A second bearing seat is fixed on the longitudinal beam at the top of the frame. The second drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the second bearing seat in the vertical direction. The second drive motor is connected to the top of the second drive shaft. The second drive sprocket is fixed to the lower part of the second drive shaft. The second driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the first drive shaft via a bearing, and the second clamping chain is respectively sleeved on the second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket; The second clamping chain is provided with several second gathering blades distributed at intervals.

5. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stalk pulling mechanism includes a stalk pulling support frame, two sets of interlocking stalk pulling components arranged from bottom to top, and a stalk pulling transmission component. Each set of stalk pulling components includes two parallel and interlocking stalk pulling devices. The pulling device includes multiple long strip-shaped toothed blades, a toothed blade fixing frame, and a toothed blade bearing seat; multiple toothed blades are evenly fixed in the circumferential direction of the toothed blade fixing frame, and the toothed blades extend along the length direction of the toothed blade fixing frame; several toothed blades for cutting cotton stalks are provided on the side of the toothed blades away from the toothed blade fixing frame. The stalk pulling support frame is fixed to the machine frame by a telescopic support device; The toothed blade bearing seat is fixed to the rear side of the stalk pulling support frame. The end of the toothed blade fixing frame is rotatably connected to the toothed blade bearing seat through the toothed blade drive shaft. The toothed blade drive shaft in the pulling device located below is driven to rotate by the stalk pulling drive motor. In the two sets of extraction components, the toothed drive shafts of the vertically adjacent extraction devices are connected by a stalk extraction transmission assembly.

6. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 5, characterized in that, The root cleaning mechanism includes two cleaning rollers arranged opposite to each other, a cleaning transmission assembly, and a cleaning roller bearing housing; The cleaning roller bearing seat is fixed on the stalk pulling support frame; The end of the cleaning roller is mounted on the cleaning roller bearing seat through a roller shaft, and the roller shaft and the toothed cutter drive shaft in the extraction device located below are connected by a cleaning transmission assembly. The outer wall of the cleaning roller is provided with several cleaning wires, and the cleaning wires on the two cleaning rollers are interlaced to clean the residual soil at the roots of the cotton stalks.

7. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a Z-shaped conveyor belt device and a guide bar cover; The Z-shaped conveyor belt device is mounted on the frame, and the feed end of the Z-shaped conveyor belt device is lower than the discharge end, with the feed end located behind the secondary clamping chain assembly; The guide bar cover is arc-shaped and includes two side plates and a top plate. The two side plates are connected to the frame and are located on both sides of the Z-shaped conveyor belt device. The top plate is connected to the top of the two side plates. The Z-shaped conveyor belt device and the guide stalk cover form a channel for crushing and conveying cotton stalks.

8. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 7, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes multiple crushing rollers, multiple fixed blades, a roller drive device, and a roller transmission assembly; Multiple crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the side plate via bearings, and multiple cutting blades are provided on the crushing rollers; The blade roller drive device is used to drive multiple crushing blade rollers to rotate through the blade roller transmission assembly; Multiple longitudinal beams are provided above the side plate, and at least one longitudinal beam is provided above each crushing roller. Multiple fixed blades are fixed to the bottom of the longitudinal beams, and the multiple fixed blades and multiple cutting blades are arranged alternately. When the crushing roller is rotating, the cotton stalks are cut and crushed by the cutting blades and fixed blades.

9. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a stalk feeding device, which includes a feeding roller, feeding blades, a feeding shaft transmission assembly, and a feeding shaft drive device. The agitator roller is located behind the crushing mechanism and is rotatably connected to the side plate via bearings. The agitator shaft drive device drives the agitator roller to rotate via the agitator shaft transmission assembly. Multiple agitator blades are fixed at intervals on the circumferential surface of the agitator roller and are used to agitate the crushed cotton stalks to the liquid spraying area of ​​the liquid spraying mechanism.

10. The integrated machine for stalk pulling, root cleaning, crushing, and decomposing agent spraying according to claim 7, characterized in that, The agent spraying mechanism includes a spraying device, a corrosive agent storage tank, and a pressure pump; The spraying device is provided in two sets. One set of spraying devices is located above the top plate and is fixedly connected to the side plate. The top plate is provided with multiple slots for the passage of the agent. Another set of spraying devices is fixed to the rear end of the frame by an arc-shaped guide plate and is located behind the discharge end of the conveying mechanism. The arc-shaped guide plate is provided with multiple empty slots for the passage of the agent. The corrosion-degrading agent storage tank and the pressure pump are connected by a pipeline; The spraying device is connected to the pressure pump via a pipeline.

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