A high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device that prevents blockage

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of straw crushing and returning to the field technology, and particularly to a high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device that prevents clogging. The device includes a frame with symmetrically arranged cart frames on it. Wheels are rotatably mounted on the lower ends of each cart frame. A fixed frame is located on the top left side of the frame, and a connecting frame is bolted to the left side wall of the fixed frame. A cutting component for preliminary straw crushing is installed on the left side of the frame. This device, through the coordinated operation of the cutting component and the discharge component, first pre-crushes the straw, preventing excessively long straw from tangling and clogging in subsequent stages. Simultaneously, a suction fan, air intake, and spray nozzle work together to quickly discharge and evenly distribute the pre-crushed straw. A scraper further assists in material dispersal, completely eliminating the drawbacks of straw accumulation clogging the cutter shaft and frequent shutdowns for cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of straw crushing and returning to the field, and in particular to a clog-resistant and efficient straw crushing and returning device. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale development of agriculture in my country, the annual output of crop straw exceeds 900 million tons. Straw return to the field, as a core technology for resource utilization, can increase soil fertility and reduce pollution from burning, and has become a necessity for agricultural production. Most existing straw crushing and returning devices adopt a single-shaft shovel or hammer blade structure, which crushes straw through high-speed rotating blades. Although it can achieve basic straw return to the field, many defects have been exposed in actual operation.

[0003] Current technology for crushing straw has a limited and limited function. When straw is too long or has high moisture content, it easily entangles the blade shaft, causing blockages and frequent shutdowns for cleaning. Single-stage crushing is insufficient to thoroughly break up the straw stubble, resulting in uneven straw length and large particle size. This leads to slow decomposition in the soil, causing seeds to remain suspended and affecting germination. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a clog-resistant, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a clog-proof and efficient straw crushing and returning device.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device for preventing blockage, comprising a frame, a chassis, wheels, a fixed frame, a connecting frame, a cutting component, a first cross frame, a crushing component, a discharge component, and a soil turning component. The chassis is symmetrically arranged on the frame, and wheels are rotatably arranged at the lower end of the chassis. The fixed frame is arranged on the top left side of the frame, and the connecting frame is bolted to the left side wall of the fixed frame. The cutting component for preliminary crushing of straw is installed on the left side of the frame. The first cross frame is arranged on the top right side of the frame, and the soil turning component is arranged on the right side of the first cross frame. The crushing component for secondary crushing is arranged at the bottom of the frame. The discharge component is arranged at both the front and rear of the left side of the frame.

[0006] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the cutting assembly includes a first N-shaped frame, cutting wheels, an engine, a first protective shell, bearing seats, a first rotating shaft, bevel gears, a second protective shell, a third protective shell, and a first belt transmission assembly. The first N-shaped frame is mounted on a fixed frame, rotating rollers are rotatably arranged between the first N-shaped frames, and cutting wheels are spaced apart on the rotating rollers. The engine is located on the top left side of the frame, and the first protective shell is mounted on the top of the frame. Bearing seats are symmetrically arranged front and back on the top center side of the first protective shell, and a first rotating shaft is mounted on each bearing seat. Bevel gears are mounted on the adjacent ends of the first rotating shafts and on the output shaft of the engine. The bevel gears of the first rotating shafts mesh with the bevel gears on the output shaft of the engine. The second protective shell is mounted on the first protective shell, and the bearing seats, first rotating shafts, and bevel gears are all located inside the second protective shell. Third protective shells are arranged on both sides of the second protective shell. A first belt transmission assembly is arranged between the distant ends of the first rotating shafts and the adjacent rotating rollers, and the first belt transmission assembly is located inside the third protective shell.

[0007] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the crushing assembly includes a right-angle drive joint, a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, crushing wheels, a synchronous toothed belt, a gear pulley, and a second belt transmission assembly. A right-angle drive joint is located in the middle of the right side of the frame. The horizontal rotating rod of the right-angle drive joint is connected to the second rotating shaft via a coupling. The second rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the engine via a coupling. Three third rotating shafts are vertically rotatably arranged on the frame. The third rotating shafts are triangularly distributed. Each of the third rotating shafts has a crushing wheel at its bottom and a gear pulley at its top. A synchronous toothed belt is arranged between the gear pulleys. The vertical rotating rod of the right-angle drive joint is connected to one of the third rotating shafts via a second belt transmission assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the discharge assembly includes an air suction cylinder, a blower, and a nozzle. The air suction cylinder is embedded in the front and rear of the left side of the frame, and the blower is connected to the air suction cylinder. The nozzle is installed on the blower.

[0009] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the soil turning assembly includes a mounting frame, a second N-shaped frame, a rotating rod, and soil turning discs. The mounting frame is provided on the right side of the first horizontal frame, the second N-shaped frame is provided on the mounting frame, the rotating rod is rotatably provided between the vertical ends of the second N-shaped frame, and soil turning discs are provided at intervals on the rotating rod.

[0010] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the device also includes a cleaning component, which includes a second crossbeam and a scraper. The second crossbeam is located on the right side of the second N-shaped frame, and scrapers are spaced apart on the second crossbeam, with the scrapers contacting the side wall of the soil turning plate.

[0011] In addition, it is particularly preferred that the machine also includes a scraper, which is provided at the bottom of the frame and is located to the left of the crushing wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the crushing wheel is provided with wear-resistant crushing teeth at intervals. The wear-resistant crushing teeth are made of high manganese steel and are distributed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing wheel.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The device first pre-crushes the straw by coordinating the cutting component and the discharge component, so as to avoid the straw from becoming entangled and blocked in the subsequent stages. At the same time, the suction fan, suction cylinder and spray pipe work together to quickly discharge the pre-crushed straw and distribute it evenly. With the help of the scraper plate to assist in unloading, the drawbacks of straw accumulation blocking the cutter shaft and frequent machine stoppage for cleaning are completely eliminated, which greatly improves the continuity of operation and reduces the labor intensity of the workers.

[0014] 2. The triangularly distributed crushing components achieve secondary fine crushing of the straw roots, thoroughly breaking up the hardened root stubble, and making the crushed straw particles uniform in size. This avoids the problems of slow decomposition after being buried in the soil, seed suspension, and affecting seedling emergence. The soil turning component simultaneously buries the finely crushed straw into the soil, promoting full integration of straw and soil and accelerating the decomposition speed. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cutting component of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the material discharge assembly of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the crushing wheel of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pulverizing component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil-turning component of the present invention.

[0021] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1_frame, 2_carriage, 3_wheel, 4_fixed frame, 5_connecting frame, 6_cutting assembly, 61_first N-shaped frame, 62_cutting wheel, 63_engine, 64_first protective shell, 65_bearing seat, 66_first rotating shaft, 67_bevel gear, 68_second protective shell, 69_third protective shell, 610_first belt transmission assembly, 7_first crossbeam, 8_crushing assembly, 81_right-angle transmission joint 82_Second rotating shaft, 83_Third rotating shaft, 84_Crushing wheel, 85_Synchronous toothed belt, 86_Gear pulley, 87_Second belt transmission assembly, 9_Discharge assembly, 91_Air suction cylinder, 92_Fan suction, 93_Spray nozzle, 10_Soil turning assembly, 101_Mounting frame, 102_Second N-shaped frame, 103_Rotating rod, 104_Soil turning disc, 11_Cleaning assembly, 111_Second crossbeam, 112_Scraper, 12_Scraper plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example: Figures 1-5As shown, a high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device for preventing blockage includes a frame 1, a chassis 2, wheels 3, a fixing frame 4, a connecting frame 5, a cutting component 6, a first crossbar 7, a crushing component 8, a discharge component 9, and a soil turning component 10. The chassis 2 is symmetrically arranged on the frame 1, and wheels 3 are rotatably mounted on the lower ends of each chassis 2. A fixing frame 4 is located on the top left side of the frame 1, and a connecting frame 5 is bolted to the left side wall of the fixing frame 4. A cutting component 6 for preliminary straw crushing is installed on the left side of the frame 1. The cutting component 6 includes a first N-shaped frame 61, a cutting wheel 62, an engine 63, a first protective shell 64, a bearing seat 65, a first rotating shaft 66, a bevel gear 67, a second protective shell 68, a third protective shell 69, and a first belt transmission component 610. A first N-shaped frame 61 is mounted on the fixed frame 4. Rotating rollers are rotatably arranged between the first N-shaped frames 61. Cutting wheels 62 are spaced apart on the rotating rollers. An engine 63 is located on the top left side of the frame 1. A first protective shell 64 is mounted on the top of the frame 1. Bearing seats 65 are symmetrically arranged on the front and back sides of the top center of the first protective shell 64. A first rotating shaft 66 is mounted on each of the bearing seats 65. A bevel gear 67 is mounted on the adjacent end of the first rotating shaft 66 and on the output shaft of the engine 63. The bevel gear 67 of the first rotating shaft 66 meshes with the bevel gear 67 on the output shaft of the engine 63. A second protective shell 68 is mounted on the first protective shell 64. The bearing seats 65, the first rotating shafts 66, and the bevel gears 67 are all located inside the second protective shell 68. Cutting wheels 62 are provided on both sides of the second protective shell 68. A third protective shell 69 is provided. A first belt transmission assembly 610 is provided between the far ends of the first rotating shaft 66 and the adjacent rotating rollers. The first belt transmission assembly 610 consists of two pulleys and a flat belt. Pulleys are provided on both the far ends of the first rotating shaft 66 and the adjacent rotating rollers. A flat belt is provided between the two pulleys. The first belt transmission assembly 610 is located inside the third protective shell 69. A first crossbeam 7 is provided on the top right side of the frame 1. A soil turning assembly 10 is provided on the right side of the first crossbeam 7. A crushing assembly 8 capable of secondary crushing is provided at the bottom of the frame 1. The crushing assembly 8 includes a right-angle transmission joint 81, a second rotating shaft 82, a third rotating shaft 83, a crushing wheel 84, a synchronous toothed belt 85, a gear pulley 86, and a second belt transmission assembly. The conveying assembly 87 has a right-angle transmission joint 81 located in the middle of the right side of the frame 1. The horizontal rotating rod of the right-angle transmission joint 81 is connected to a second rotating shaft 82 via a coupling. The second rotating shaft 82 is connected to the output shaft of the engine 63 via a coupling. Three third rotating shafts 83 are vertically rotatably mounted on the frame 1, arranged in a triangular pattern. Each third rotating shaft 83 has a crushing wheel 84 at its bottom. The crushing wheel 84 is equipped with wear-resistant crushing teeth at intervals. The wear-resistant crushing teeth are made of high-manganese steel and are spirally distributed on the outer circumference of the crushing wheel 84. The high-manganese steel wear-resistant crushing teeth and spiral distribution design enhance the crushing force, extend the service life, and prevent straw from entangled in the crushing wheel 84. A gear pulley 86 is located at the top of the third rotating shaft 83.A synchronous toothed belt 85 is provided between the gear pulleys 86. A second belt transmission assembly 87 is provided between the vertical rotating rod of the right-angle transmission joint 81 and one of the third rotating shafts 83. The second belt transmission assembly 87 consists of two pulleys and a flat belt. Each of the vertical rotating rods of the right-angle transmission joint 81 and one of the third rotating shafts 83 is equipped with a pulley, and a flat belt is provided between the pulleys. Discharge assemblies 9 are provided on the front and rear of the left side of the frame 1. The discharge assembly 9 includes an air suction cylinder 91, a suction fan 92, and a nozzle 93. An air suction cylinder 91 is embedded on the front and rear of the left side of the frame 1. A suction fan 92 is connected to the air suction cylinder 91, and a nozzle 93 is installed on the suction fan 92.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the soil turning assembly 10 includes a mounting frame 101, a second N-shaped frame 102, a rotating rod 103, and a soil turning disc 104. The mounting frame 101 is provided on the right side of the first horizontal frame 7. The second N-shaped frame 102 is provided on the mounting frame 101. The rotating rod 103 is rotatably arranged between the vertical ends of the second N-shaped frame 102. Soil turning discs 104 are spaced apart on the rotating rod 103.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a cleaning component 11, which includes a second crossbeam 111 and a scraper 112. The second crossbeam 111 is provided on the right side of the second N-shaped frame 102, and scrapers 112 are provided at intervals on the second crossbeam 111. The scrapers 112 are in contact with the side wall of the soil turning plate 104.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a scraper plate 12. The scraper plate 12 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1 and is located on the left side of the crushing wheel 84.

[0027] When this anti-blocking and high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device is in operation, the staff first securely connects the device's connecting frame 5 to the tractor, and then moves it at a constant speed in the field by means of the tractor's traction device, while starting the engine 63 to provide power to each working component.

[0028] After the engine 63 starts, it drives the first rotating shafts 66 on both sides to rotate synchronously through the bevel gear 67. The first rotating shafts 66 drive the rotating rollers and the cutting wheels 62 with spaced intervals on the surface to rotate at high speed through the first belt transmission assembly 610, so as to perform preliminary chopping of the straw in the field, quickly cut and crush the straw, lay the foundation for subsequent secondary crushing and discharge, and avoid the straw being too long and causing blockage of subsequent components.

[0029] While the initial crushing is underway, the discharge components 9, symmetrically arranged on the left side of the frame 1, work simultaneously. After the suction fan 92 starts, it quickly sucks in the initially crushed straw through the suction cylinder 91, and then sprays it evenly to both sides of the device through the spray pipe 93, effectively preventing the crushed straw from accumulating and clogging at the bottom of the device. At the same time, the scraper plate 12 at the bottom of the frame 1 moves synchronously with the device as it moves forward. On the one hand, it helps to push the crushed straw to both sides, which, together with the discharge components 9, improves the discharge efficiency and strengthens the anti-clogging effect. On the other hand, it can push the crushed straw to expose the part of the straw root that is in contact with the ground, clearing obstacles for subsequent secondary crushing operations and ensuring thorough crushing.

[0030] The output shaft of engine 63 drives the second rotating shaft 82 to rotate via a coupling. The second rotating shaft 82 drives the horizontal rotating rod of the right-angle transmission joint 81 to rotate. The right-angle transmission joint 81 converts the horizontal power into vertical power. Its vertical rotating rod drives one of the third rotating shafts 83 and the crushing wheel 84 at the bottom to rotate via the second belt transmission assembly 87. Since the three third rotating shafts 83 are triangularly distributed and each has a gear pulley 86 at the top, the other two third rotating shafts 83 and the crushing wheel 84 can be driven to rotate synchronously through the transmission action of the synchronous toothed belt 85. The three crushing wheels 84 work together to perform secondary fine crushing of the exposed straw roots, completely breaking up the hardened straw roots, improving the uniformity of crushing, and ensuring that the straw can be fully integrated with the soil in the future, achieving efficient return to the field.

[0031] During the movement of the device, the soil-turning component 10 on the right side of the first horizontal frame 7 operates simultaneously. The rotating rod 103 between the second N-shaped frames 102 rotates as the device moves, driving the soil-turning discs 104, which are spaced apart on the surface, to roll forward. The soil-turning discs 104 are arc-shaped, which can efficiently turn over the soil in the field and evenly bury the fine straw after two crushings into the soil, so as to achieve full mixing of straw and soil and promote straw decomposition. At the same time, the scraper 112 on the second horizontal frame 111 is in close contact with the side wall of the soil-turning disc 104, which can remove the soil adhering to the soil-turning disc 104 in real time, avoiding soil accumulation that affects the turning effect, and further ensuring the smoothness and efficiency of the straw return operation. The entire process realizes the integrated and efficient operation of straw from initial crushing, anti-blockage discharge, secondary refinement to turning and returning to the field.

[0032] Although this disclosure has been described with respect to only a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure will understand that various other embodiments can be devised without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device with anti-clogging properties, characterized in that: The machine includes a frame (1), on which a vehicle frame (2) is symmetrically arranged. Wheels (3) are rotatably arranged at the lower end of each vehicle frame (2). A fixed frame (4) is arranged on the top left side of the frame (1). A connecting frame (5) is bolted to the left side wall of the fixed frame (4). A cutting component (6) for preliminary shredding of straw is installed on the left side of the frame (1). A first cross frame (7) is arranged on the top right side of the frame (1). A soil turning component (10) is arranged on the right side of the first cross frame (7). A crushing component (8) capable of secondary crushing is arranged at the bottom of the frame (1). A discharge component (9) is arranged on the front and back of the left side of the frame (1).

2. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting assembly (6) includes a first N-shaped frame (61), on which the first N-shaped frame (61) is mounted. Rotating rollers are rotatably arranged between the first N-shaped frames (61), and cutting wheels (62) are spaced apart on the rotating rollers. An engine (63) is arranged on the top left side of the frame (1). A first protective shell (64) is mounted on the top of the frame (1). Bearing seats (65) are symmetrically arranged on the front and back sides of the top center of the first protective shell (64). A first rotating shaft (66) is arranged on each of the bearing seats (65). A bevel gear is arranged on the end of the first rotating shaft (66) and the output shaft of the engine (63). 67), the bevel gears (67) of the first rotating shaft (66) are all meshed with the bevel gears (67) on the output shaft of the engine (63). A second protective shell (68) is installed on the first protective shell (64). The bearing seat (65), the first rotating shaft (66) and the bevel gears (67) are all located inside the second protective shell (68). A third protective shell (69) is provided on both sides of the second protective shell (68). A first belt transmission assembly (610) is provided between the ends of the first rotating shaft (66) that are far apart from each other and the adjacent rotating rollers. The first belt transmission assembly (610) is located inside the third protective shell (69).

3. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (8) includes a right-angle transmission joint (81). The right-angle transmission joint (81) is located in the middle of the right side of the frame (1). The horizontal rotating rod of the right-angle transmission joint (81) is connected to a second rotating shaft (82) via a coupling. The second rotating shaft (82) is connected to the output shaft of the engine (63) via a coupling. Three third rotating shafts (83) are vertically rotatably arranged on the frame (1). The third rotating shafts (83) are triangularly distributed. Each of the third rotating shafts (83) has a crushing wheel (84) at its bottom and a gear pulley (86) at its top. A synchronous toothed belt (85) is arranged between the gear pulleys (86). The vertical rotating rod of the right-angle transmission joint (81) is connected to one of the third rotating shafts (83) via a second belt transmission assembly (87).

4. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge assembly (9) includes an air suction cylinder (91). The air suction cylinder (91) is embedded in the front and rear of the left side of the frame (1). A suction fan (92) is connected to the air suction cylinder (91), and a nozzle (93) is provided on the suction fan (92).

5. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The soil turning component (10) includes a mounting frame (101). The mounting frame (101) is provided on the right side of the first cross frame (7). A second N-shaped frame (102) is provided on the mounting frame (101). A rotating rod (103) is rotatably provided between the vertical ends of the second N-shaped frame (102). Soil turning discs (104) are provided at intervals on the rotating rod (103).

6. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning component (11), which includes a second crossbeam (111). The second crossbeam (111) is provided on the right side of the second N-shaped frame (102). Scrapers (112) are provided at intervals on the second crossbeam (111), and the scrapers (112) are in contact with the side wall of the soil turning plate (104).

7. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a scraper (12), which is provided at the bottom of the frame (1) and is located on the left side of the crushing wheel (84).

8. The anti-clogging, high-efficiency straw crushing and returning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crushing wheel (84) is provided with wear-resistant crushing teeth at intervals. The wear-resistant crushing teeth are made of high manganese steel and are distributed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing wheel (84).

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