A fully automated feeding device for the collection and transportation of municipal solid waste

Abstract

This invention discloses a fully automated feeding device for the collection and transportation of municipal solid waste, used in the field of municipal solid waste treatment technology. It is designed for small collection vehicles to unload waste into large transport vehicles. The device includes: a discharge chute for receiving and temporarily storing waste dumped by the small collection vehicle; and a feeding mechanism located at the discharge port at the bottom of the discharge chute. The feeding mechanism includes a rotating feeder driven by a power unit, which continuously transports the waste from the discharge chute to the loading port of the large transport vehicle and controls the opening and closing of the discharge port. This invention allows small collection vehicles to complete unloading within minutes and leave quickly without waiting for loading by large transport vehicles, greatly improving the operational efficiency and turnover rate of the small vehicles and effectively solving the problem of queuing for small collection vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of municipal solid waste treatment, and specifically to a fully automatic feeding device for the collection and transportation of municipal solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] In rural areas, a "vehicle-to-vehicle" model for collecting and transporting household waste is commonly used. This model involves small collection vehicles (carts) collecting waste in village lanes and then connecting with large transport vehicles (trucks) at designated points to directly dump the waste into the truck's cargo compartment. This model has the advantages of not requiring the construction of fixed compression transfer stations, requiring a small land area, and having low investment costs.

[0003] However, existing direct-connection methods have significant drawbacks: large transport vehicles have limited waste compression and loading efficiency, small collection vehicles must unload in stages, and during peak waste collection periods, multiple small collection vehicles must queue, resulting in low operational efficiency, idle vehicles and manpower, increased operating costs, and potential secondary pollution due to waiting. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that enables small vehicles to unload quickly and continuously supply large vehicles to solve the problem of queuing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic feeding device for the collection and transportation of domestic waste, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A fully automated feeding device for collecting and transporting municipal solid waste, used by a small collection vehicle to dump waste into a large transport vehicle, the device comprising: The unloading chute is used to receive and temporarily store garbage dumped by small collection vehicles; A feeding mechanism is provided at the discharge port at the bottom of the unloading chute; wherein, the feeding mechanism includes a rotating feeder driven by a power unit, the rotating feeder being used to continuously transport the garbage in the unloading chute to the filling port of a large transport vehicle.

[0006] A further improvement is that the rotating feeder includes a rotating impeller or an auger.

[0007] A further improvement is that the included angle between the blades of the rotating impeller is set to 120°.

[0008] A further improvement is that the unloading chute is located at one end of the unloading platform, which is a steel structure platform higher than the ground, and the other end of the unloading platform is connected to the ground via a vehicle ramp.

[0009] A further improvement is that the working surface height of the unloading platform is set to 1.8m-2.2m.

[0010] A further improvement is that safety railings are provided on both sides of the top of the driving ramp and the unloading platform.

[0011] A further improvement is that the device also includes an electronic control system, which includes a controller, a sensor group, and a communication module; The sensor group includes a level sensor for monitoring the level of waste in the unloading chute, and the controller is used to control the operating speed and start / stop of the feeding mechanism based on the level sensor signal and / or external commands.

[0012] A further improvement is that the electronic control system is electrically connected to the compression and filling control system of the large transport vehicle via a communication module.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1) This invention enables small collection vehicles to complete unloading and leave quickly within minutes without waiting for large transport vehicles to load, greatly improving the efficiency and turnover rate of the vehicles and effectively solving the problem of queuing for small collection vehicles; 2) This invention enables continuous and controllable material supply to large transport vehicles through a feeding mechanism, allowing the compression and filling units in the large transport vehicles to work continuously at full load, thereby improving the loading efficiency and operational effectiveness of the large transport vehicles. 3) The entire device of this invention is a modular steel structure, which eliminates the need to build a fixed station building, occupies a small area, and is particularly suitable for rural areas with limited land and underdeveloped economies. 4) This invention achieves linkage control of material supply and filling through an electronic control system, as well as automatic shutdown at full load, reducing manual intervention and lowering the workload of operators; 5) The design of the unloading trough and feeding mechanism of this invention enables continuous and uniform feeding of garbage and ensures the airtightness of the discharge port, effectively reducing the exposure time of garbage and reducing odor emission and mosquito breeding. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fully automatic feeding device of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of structure A in the image.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Walking ramp; 2. Unloading platform; 3. Unloading chute; 4. Feeding mechanism; 41. Rotating feeder; 42. Power unit; 5. Small collection vehicle; 6. Large transport vehicle; 7. Electrical control system; 8. Hydraulic power chamber; 9. Safety guardrail. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0017] Please see the appendix Figure 1-2 A fully automatic feeding device for the collection and transportation of domestic waste. This device is set at a fixed waste docking point and is used by a small collection vehicle 5 to dump waste into a large transport vehicle 6. The device includes: a discharge chute 3, which has an open receiving port at the top for receiving and temporarily storing all the garbage dumped at once by the small collection vehicle 5; The feeding mechanism 4 is located at the discharge port at the bottom of the unloading trough 3, and its discharge end is used to seal and connect with the garbage filling port at the rear of the large transport vehicle 6. The feeding mechanism 4 includes a rotating feeder 41 driven by a power unit 42. In this embodiment, the power unit 42 can be an electric motor, which drives the rotating feeder 41 to rotate. The rotating feeder 41 is used to continuously transport the garbage in the unloading trough 3 to the filling port of the large transport vehicle 6. In this embodiment, the rotating feeder 41 can achieve continuous and uniform pushing of garbage when rotating.

[0018] The following presents two embodiments of the rotating feeder 41: In a first embodiment, preferably, the rotating feeder 41 includes a rotating impeller; Preferably, the included angle between the blades of the rotating impeller in this embodiment is set to 120° to achieve continuous feeding of waste. In addition, when the power unit 42 drives the rotating impeller to rotate a certain preset angle each time, it can not only achieve continuous feeding of waste, but also effectively control the opening and closing of the discharge port. That is, when the rotating feeder 41 is not rotating, the discharge port can be closed by the adjacent blades to prevent waste spillage and odor diffusion. Specifically, the material-containing cavity formed between the blades receives waste when rotating and pushes the waste downstream for discharge as it rotates. The blades maintain a precise fit with the inner wall of the unloading trough 3, so that the rotating impeller can achieve periodic opening and closing of the discharge port without interrupting the feeding. This not only prevents waste spillage and odor diffusion, but also avoids the accumulation and blockage of waste at the discharge port, improving the operational stability and sealing reliability of the feeding mechanism 4.

[0019] In the second embodiment, preferably, the rotating feeder 41 includes an auger. The auger is a conventional structure in the art, such as including a rotating shaft and spiral blades that are continuously wound in a spiral shape along its axial direction. When the power unit 42 drives the auger to rotate, the garbage is uniformly and stably conveyed out under the axial thrust of the spiral blades. At the same time, the outer edge of the spiral blades in this embodiment maintains a precise fit gap with the inner wall of the discharge trough 3. During the continuous rotation and pushing of garbage, the continuous spiral space occupied by the spiral blades effectively blocks the gas flow upstream and downstream of the discharge port, which not only realizes the continuous quantitative feeding of garbage, but also avoids the leakage of odors or harmful gases in the processing chamber. Compared with the rotating impeller, the auger in this embodiment has a stronger forced conveying capacity and self-cleaning characteristics. It can also accurately control the feeding amount by adjusting the lead and speed of the spiral blades. The selection can be made according to the actual situation, which will not be described in detail here.

[0020] Preferably, in this embodiment, the unloading chute 3 is located at one end of the unloading platform 2. The unloading platform 2 is a steel structure platform higher than the ground. The other end of the unloading platform 2 is smoothly connected to the ground through the driving ramp 1. During operation, the small collection vehicle 5 drives directly onto the unloading platform 2 via the driving ramp 1 and reverses to the receiving port of the unloading chute 3, dumping the collected garbage into the unloading chute 3 in one go, and then drives away from the unloading platform 2. At the same time, the large transport vehicle 6 reverses so that its rear filling port is precisely connected with the discharge end of the feeding mechanism 4, thereby realizing the high-level unloading of the small collection vehicle 5 and the low-level loading of the large transport vehicle 6 simultaneously, forming an efficient and coordinated transfer operation process. In this embodiment, the main structures of the unloading chute 3, the unloading platform 2 and the driving ramp 1 are all welded from high-strength steel, ensuring the overall load-bearing capacity and structural stability for long-term use. There is no need to build a fixed station building, the footprint is small, the investment is low, and it is suitable for use in rural areas. Preferably, the working surface height of the unloading platform 2 in this embodiment is set to 1.8m-2.2m.

[0021] Preferably, in this embodiment, safety guardrails 8 are provided on both sides of the top of the driving ramp 1 and the unloading platform 2. The safety guardrails 8 are continuously arranged along the edge of the driving ramp 1 and the unloading platform 2 to form a closed protective boundary. In this embodiment, the safety guardrails 8 are welded from high-strength steel, which effectively prevents the risk of vehicles running off the driving ramp 1 or the unloading platform 2 due to operational errors or slippery ground, and also provides reliable psychological safety protection and physical support for operators.

[0022] Preferably, the device in this embodiment also includes an electronic control system 7. The electronic control system 7 in this embodiment can be installed in the unloading platform 2. The electronic control system 7 includes a controller (such as a PLC controller), a sensor group and a communication module. The sensor group includes a level sensor for monitoring the level of waste in the unloading trough 3. The level sensor is a conventional electrical appliance in the field and will not be described in detail here. The controller is used to control the running speed and start / stop of the feeding mechanism 4 according to the level sensor signal and / or external instructions. The level sensor monitors the amount of waste in the unloading trough 3 in real time and sends a signal to the controller, so that the controller adjusts the feeding speed of the feeding mechanism 4. Optionally, the electronic control system 7 in this embodiment also includes upper-level management software (such as a computer deployed in a remote monitoring center). Managers can remotely monitor the operation status and data through the upper-level management software. Furthermore, the upper-level management software can also send external commands to the controller for independent control, which will not be described in detail here. Preferably, in this embodiment, the electronic control system 7 is electrically connected to the compression and filling control system of the large transport vehicle 6 via a communication module (including wired methods such as industrial Ethernet, RS-485 bus, CAN bus, etc., or wireless methods such as Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, ZigBee, Bluetooth, etc.) to achieve linkage matching between the feeding speed and the compression cycle, avoiding "insufficient feeding" or "overfeeding". When the large transport vehicle 6 is loaded to the rated capacity or receives the end command, the electronic control system 7 controls the feeding mechanism 4 to stop precisely after completing the current rotation cycle, ensuring that the discharge port is in a sealed state to prevent odor leakage.

[0023] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic feeding device for collecting and transporting domestic waste, used by a small collection vehicle (5) to dump waste into a large transport vehicle (6), characterized in that, The device includes: The unloading chute (3) is used to receive and temporarily store the garbage dumped by the small collection vehicle (5); A feeding mechanism (4) is provided at the bottom outlet of the unloading trough (3); wherein the feeding mechanism (4) includes a rotating feeder (41) driven by a power device (42), the rotating feeder (41) being used to continuously transport the garbage in the unloading trough (3) to the filling port of the large transport vehicle (6).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating feeder (41) includes a rotating impeller or an auger.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The included angle between the blades of the rotating impeller is set to 120°.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading chute (3) is located at one end of the unloading platform (2). The unloading platform (2) is a steel structure platform that is higher than the ground. The other end of the unloading platform (2) is connected to the ground through a vehicle ramp (1).

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The working surface height of the unloading platform (2) is set to 1.8m-2.2m.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, Safety railings (8) are provided on both sides of the top of the driving ramp (1) and the unloading platform (2).

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an electronic control system (7), which includes a controller, a sensor group and a communication module; The sensor group includes a level sensor for monitoring the level of waste in the unloading trough (3), and the controller is used to control the operating speed and start / stop of the feeding mechanism (4) according to the level sensor signal and / or external instructions.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electronic control system (7) is electrically connected to the compression and filling control system of the large transport vehicle (6) via a communication module.

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