Self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis apparatus with transversely flexible filaments and pyrolysis method thereof

Abstract

This application discloses a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments and its pyrolysis method, comprising: a pyrolysis furnace, a rotating mechanism, a flexible reaction cage, and a cleaning mechanism. The pyrolysis furnace has a cavity. The rotating mechanism is located in the cavity and includes a fixed shaft and a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft. The flexible reaction cage is located in the cavity and connected to the rotating sleeve. The flexible reaction cage has multiple flexible filaments, each filament forming an inner cavity. The cleaning mechanism is located in the cavity and includes an outer grinding roller and an inner grinding roller, both of which are rotatably mounted. Each flexible filament passes sequentially through the rolling surface between the outer and inner grinding rollers. The outer and inner grinding rollers of the cleaning mechanism thoroughly clean the stubborn, dense, and sticky residues on the flexible filaments through squeezing and friction, solving the problems of easy softening and adhesion of raw materials, difficulty in removing pyrolysis residues, and low space utilization in existing pyrolysis devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of pyrolysis technology, and more specifically, to a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis apparatus with transverse flexible filaments and a pyrolysis method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Organic waste materials such as paper, tires, and fibers need to be processed into strips in some industrial and agricultural production processes. Textiles, rubber products, and plastic products also require cutting and trimming before molding, generating strip-shaped waste. If these strip-shaped wastes are carelessly discarded or landfilled, they not only pollute the environment but also result in a significant waste of resources.

[0003] Pyrolysis is an efficient method for treating organic strip-shaped waste. Compared with traditional treatment methods, it has advantages such as short treatment cycle, high conversion efficiency, significant volume reduction effect, efficient solidification of heavy metals, and avoidance of the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins. At the same time, it can also obtain high-value solid, liquid and gas products. However, existing pyrolysis devices have many shortcomings when treating strip-shaped raw materials.

[0004] For example, organic raw materials soften and adhere very easily when heated. Furthermore, their large, elongated shape inevitably causes blockages inside the pyrolysis unit, leading to severe coking and slagging problems, hindering heat transfer, and preventing the unit from operating stably for extended periods. If additional crushing pretreatment measures are used to pulverize the strip-shaped raw materials, it significantly increases the power consumption of the reaction unit, greatly raising processing costs and resulting in a bulky device. Using flexible filaments combined with flexible scrapers can effectively solve the problem of large pieces of coke and slag residue left after the pyrolysis of organic strip-shaped waste. However, for some strongly adhesive raw materials, the pyrolysis residue may form a dense structure on the flexible filaments, which cannot be completely removed by intermittent collisions of the flexible scrapers alone. Although existing chain pyrolysis units with flexible filaments can remove stubborn pyrolysis residues by adding additional cleaning mechanisms, the inherent structural limitations of these chain pyrolysis units, which can only utilize their upper surface for reaction, inevitably result in a large required unit size and low space utilization.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a new type of pyrolysis reaction device with a compact structure and high space utilization. This device should be designed to achieve miniaturization and distributed application. While ensuring that strip-shaped waste materials can be directly fed into the pyrolysis reaction chamber for efficient pyrolysis without crushing and pretreatment, it should also be able to clean up the adhering coke and pyrolysis residues in a timely manner to avoid clogging of the device and maintain the stable progress of the pyrolysis process.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments and a pyrolysis method thereof.

[0008] This application provides the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, this application provides a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis apparatus with transverse flexible filaments, comprising:

[0010] A pyrolysis furnace having a cavity;

[0011] A rotating mechanism located in the cavity, the rotating mechanism including a fixed shaft and a rotating sleeve rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft;

[0012] A flexible reaction cage is located in the cavity and connected to the rotating sleeve. The flexible reaction cage has a plurality of flexible wires, each of which extends along the length direction of the fixed shaft. The flexible wires are arranged sequentially at intervals around the fixed shaft, and the flexible wires enclose the cavity.

[0013] A cleaning mechanism is located in the cavity. The cleaning mechanism includes an outer grinding roller and an inner grinding roller. The inner grinding roller is located in the inner cavity, and the outer grinding roller is located outside the inner cavity. Both the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller are rotatably arranged, and the rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller are in frictional contact.

[0014] When the rotating mechanism is in a rotating state, it can drive the flexible reaction cage to rotate, so that each of the flexible filaments passes through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller one by one.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of grooves are provided on the rolling surface of the outer grinding roller, each groove extending along the rotation axis of the outer grinding roller, and each groove being arranged sequentially at intervals around the circumference of the outer grinding roller;

[0016] The width of the groove is not less than the outer diameter of the flexible wire;

[0017] When the rotating mechanism is in a rotating state, each of the flexible wires is confined to its corresponding groove.

[0018] Optionally, multiple friction patterns are provided on the rolling surface of the inner grinding roller;

[0019] The outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller are of equal length.

[0020] Optionally, the cleaning mechanism includes an outer support and an inner support;

[0021] The inner support is located in the inner cavity and connected to the fixed shaft, and the inner grinding roller is rotatably connected to the inner support;

[0022] The outer support is located outside the inner cavity and is connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace, and the outer grinding roller is rotatably connected to the outer support.

[0023] Optionally, the inner support includes two inner rods, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the fixed shaft. Both inner rods are fixedly connected to the fixed shaft. The inner grinding roller is located between the two inner rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two inner rods.

[0024] The outer support includes two outer rods spaced apart, which are spaced apart along the length of the fixed axis. Both outer rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace. The outer grinding roller is located between the two outer rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two outer rods.

[0025] Optionally, the rotating mechanism includes two rotating sleeves, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed shaft;

[0026] The flexible reaction cage is connected at both ends to the two rotating sleeves respectively;

[0027] The distance between the two rotating sleeves is greater than the length of the inner grinding roller;

[0028] The two inner rods are located between the two rotating sleeves.

[0029] Optionally, the flexible reaction cage includes multiple fins and multiple flexible filaments;

[0030] Each of the aforementioned wing rods is disposed on the rotating sleeve, and each of the aforementioned wing rods is arranged sequentially at intervals around the circumference of the rotating sleeve;

[0031] The blades on the two rotating sleeves are aligned with each other;

[0032] A flexible filament is connected between two opposing winglets.

[0033] Optionally, the outer grinding roller rotates under the drive of the flexible filament, and the rotation of the outer grinding roller can drive the inner grinding roller to rotate;

[0034] Alternatively, the cleaning mechanism may further include a motor, which is drively connected to at least one of the outer and inner grinding rollers to drive the outer and inner grinding rollers to rotate.

[0035] Optionally, an annular cavity is formed between the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace;

[0036] The pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom, and both the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are connected to the annular cavity.

[0037] Along the rotation direction of the flexible reaction cage, the annular cavity sequentially includes a reaction zone, a separation zone, and a cleaning zone;

[0038] The reaction zone is located between the inlet and the outlet;

[0039] A flexible scraper is provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace, and the flexible scraper is located in the separation zone;

[0040] The cleaning zone is located between the flexible scraper and the feed inlet, and the cleaning mechanism is located in the cleaning zone.

[0041] Secondly, this application also provides a pyrolysis method for a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis apparatus with transverse flexible filaments, including:

[0042] Step S1: Drive the rotating sleeve to rotate, thereby rotating the flexible reaction cage and simultaneously heating the pyrolysis furnace to the set temperature;

[0043] Step S2: The raw material is put into the pyrolysis furnace, so that the raw material falls on the flexible reaction cage. As the temperature rises, the material softens and sticks to the flexible wire and undergoes pyrolysis.

[0044] Step S3: Driven by the rotating sleeve, the flexible filaments with material adhering to them pass one by one through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller. The inner grinding roller and the outer grinding roller cooperate to squeeze and remove the material from the flexible filaments.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The cleaning mechanism of this application includes an outer grinding roller and an inner grinding roller, both of which are rotatable. During the rotation of the flexible reaction cage, each flexible filament passes through the rolling surface between the outer and inner grinding rollers one by one. The outer and inner grinding rollers of the cleaning mechanism thoroughly clean the stubborn, dense, and sticky residues on the flexible filaments through squeezing and friction, solving the problems of easy softening and adhesion of raw materials, difficulty in removing pyrolysis residues, and low space utilization in existing pyrolysis devices.

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the pyrolysis apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 2This diagram shows the locations of the reaction zone, separation zone, and cleaning zone of the pyrolysis furnace in the pyrolysis apparatus provided in this embodiment of the application.

[0051] Figure 3 This diagram shows a schematic representation of the structure of the flexible reaction cage of the pyrolysis apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the structure of the cleaning mechanism in the pyrolysis apparatus provided in this embodiment.

[0053] Figure 5 This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller in the pyrolysis apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0054] In the diagram: 1. Pyrolysis furnace; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 13. Gas outlet; 2. Rotating mechanism; 21. Fixed shaft; 22. Rotating sleeve; 3. Flexible reaction cage; 31. Wings; 32. Flexible wire; 4. Flexible scraper; 5. Cleaning mechanism; 51. Outer grinding roller; 52. Outer support; 53. Inner grinding roller; 54. Inner support; A. Reaction zone; B. Separation zone; C. Cleaning zone.

[0055] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this application provides a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments 32, including: a pyrolysis furnace 1, a rotating mechanism 2, a flexible reaction cage 3, and a cleaning mechanism 5. The pyrolysis furnace 1 has a cavity, and the rotating mechanism 2 is located in the cavity. The rotating mechanism 2 includes a fixed shaft 21 and a rotating sleeve 22 rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 21. The flexible reaction cage 3 is located in the cavity and connected to the rotating sleeve 22. The flexible reaction cage 3 has a plurality of flexible filaments 32, each extending along the length direction of the fixed shaft 21. The flexible filaments 32 are arranged sequentially at intervals around the circumference of the fixed shaft 21, and the flexible filaments 32 enclose an inner cavity. The cleaning mechanism 5 is located in the cavity. The cleaning mechanism 5 includes an outer grinding roller 51 and an inner grinding roller 53. The inner grinding roller 53 is located in the inner cavity, and the outer grinding roller 51 is located outside the inner cavity. Both the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are rotatably arranged. The rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are in frictional contact. When the rotating mechanism 2 is rotating, it can drive the flexible reaction cage 3 to rotate, so that each of the flexible filaments 32 passes through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 one by one.

[0060] The cleaning mechanism 5 of this application includes an outer grinding roller 51 and an inner grinding roller 53, both of which are rotatable. During the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3, each flexible filament 32 passes through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 one by one. The outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 of the cleaning mechanism 5 thoroughly clean the stubborn, dense, and sticky residues on the flexible filaments 32 through squeezing and friction, solving the problems of easy softening and adhesion of raw materials, difficulty in removing pyrolysis residues, and low space utilization in existing pyrolysis devices.

[0061] The flexible reaction cage 3 is the core reaction carrier for the pyrolysis of raw materials. It is connected to the rotating sleeve 22 and rotates synchronously with the rotating sleeve 22. Its structural design takes into account the raw material bearing capacity, pyrolysis reaction efficiency, and easy cleaning of residues. Specifically, it includes multiple flexible filaments 32, which are the key components for realizing the direct pyrolysis of strip-shaped raw materials in this application. Each flexible filament 32 extends along the length direction of the fixed shaft 21, that is, the extension direction of the flexible filament 32 is parallel to the axis of the fixed shaft 21, forming a "transverse flexible filament 32" structure. At the same time, each flexible filament 32 is arranged sequentially and spaced around the circumference of the fixed shaft 21. All the flexible filaments 32 together form a columnar inner cavity, and the gaps between the flexible filaments 32 allow pyrolysis gas to pass through smoothly.

[0062] To ensure the stability of the flexible filament 32, the flexible reaction cage 3 also includes multiple pairs of fins 31. The fins 31 can be perpendicular to the fixed axis 21 and arranged radially at intervals along the rotating sleeve 22. They are connected to the rotating sleeve 22 and are distributed in pairs and symmetrically on both sides of the rotating sleeve 22. A flexible filament 32 is connected between the free ends of each pair of fins 31. The fins 31 provide stable support for the flexible filament 32, ensuring that the flexible filament 32 does not undergo excessive deformation or displacement during rotation, while ensuring the stability of the inner cavity shape formed by the flexible filament 32.

[0063] The gap between the free end of the wing 31 and the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 20~50mm, and the length of the flexible scraper 4 is 5~10mm larger than this gap.

[0064] In addition, a heat exchange flue is arranged on the outside of the pyrolysis furnace 1 to burn the solid carbon and non-condensable gases produced by pyrolysis, and then the flue gas is introduced into the heat exchange flue to provide heat for the pyrolysis furnace 1.

[0065] The flexible filament 32 can be made of a high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant material with a certain degree of elasticity, preferably stainless steel, aluminum silicate fiber, or aramid fiber. These materials can withstand the high-temperature environment inside the pyrolysis furnace 1, while also possessing good flexibility and wear resistance. They can adapt to slight deformations during rotation and are not easily damaged when in contact with the cleaning mechanism 5, thus extending their service life. The diameter of the flexible filament 32 can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the raw material, ensuring that the raw material can be stably bonded to the flexible filament 32, while also facilitating the cleaning of residues.

[0066] After the strip-shaped organic waste enters the pyrolysis furnace 1, it falls directly onto the flexible wires 32 of the flexible reaction cage 3. As the temperature inside the pyrolysis furnace 1 rises, the raw material softens and spontaneously adheres to the flexible wires 32, preventing it from falling directly or sticking to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Simultaneously, the contact area between the flexible wires 32 and the raw material is moderate, ensuring that the raw material can fully absorb heat, improving pyrolysis efficiency, while also reducing the adhesion strength between the pyrolysis residue and the flexible wires 32, facilitating subsequent cleaning. With the rotation of the rotating mechanism 2, the flexible reaction cage 3 drives the raw material to circulate within the pyrolysis furnace 1, ensuring sufficient reaction time for the raw material and achieving complete pyrolysis.

[0067] The cleaning mechanism 5 is the core component for achieving the "self-cleaning" function in this application. Located inside the cavity of the pyrolysis furnace 1, it is specifically designed to remove stubborn, dense, and sticky pyrolysis residues from the flexible filaments 32. This solves the problems of residues being difficult to remove and easily clogging in existing devices, ensuring that the flexible reaction cage 3 can operate continuously and efficiently. Specifically, it includes two parts: an outer grinding roller 51 and an inner grinding roller 53. The two work together to thoroughly clean the flexible filaments 32. The inner grinding roller 53 is located inside the cavity formed by the flexible reaction cage 3, while the outer grinding roller 51 is located outside the cavity. The outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are arranged opposite each other, and their rolling surfaces rub against each other. The flexible filaments 32 can pass smoothly through the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, while ensuring the squeezing and friction effect of the grinding rollers on the flexible filaments 32.

[0068] During the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3 driven by the rotating mechanism 2, each flexible filament 32 passes sequentially through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53. Due to the mutual friction and contact between the rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, the flexible filament 32 is subjected to the squeezing and frictional actions of both as it passes through the gap. The squeezing action loosens and removes the dense residue on the surface of the flexible filament 32, while the frictional action further scrapes away the remaining sticky substances, thus achieving thorough cleaning of the flexible filament 32. The cleaned residue, under the action of gravity, passes through the gap between the flexible filaments 32 and falls to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and is finally discharged from the discharge port 12, achieving automatic cleaning of the residue without manual intervention.

[0069] In some possible implementations, a plurality of grooves are provided on the rolling surface of the outer grinding roller 51. Each groove extends along the rotation axis of the outer grinding roller 51 and is arranged sequentially at intervals around the circumference of the outer grinding roller 51. The width of the groove is not less than the outer diameter of the flexible wire 32. When the rotating mechanism 2 is rotating, each flexible wire 32 is confined to the corresponding groove.

[0070] The core function of this groove is to achieve precise positioning of the flexible filament 32 and the outer grinding roller 51, preventing the flexible filament 32 from shifting or slipping during the cleaning process, thereby further improving the stability and thoroughness of the cleaning. From a structural perspective, the groove extends along the rotation axis of the outer grinding roller 51, that is, it is consistent with the length direction of the outer grinding roller 51, and parallel to the extension direction of the flexible filament 32 (the length direction of the fixed shaft 21). This ensures that the flexible filament 32 can smoothly embed itself into the groove when it rotates with the flexible reaction cage 3 and passes through the clamping gap between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, without requiring additional angle adjustments. Each groove is arranged evenly and sequentially around the outer grinding roller 51. The spacing between the grooves matches the spacing of the flexible filaments 32 around the fixed shaft 21. This ensures that when each flexible filament 32 rotates to the position of the cleaning mechanism 5, it can accurately correspond to a groove, achieving the goal of "one flexible filament 32 corresponding to one groove". This avoids multiple flexible filaments 32 entering the same groove at the same time, which would cause congestion and insufficient cleaning, or the flexible filaments 32 not being able to align with the groove, which would cause slippage and cleaning failure.

[0071] In this application, the width of the groove is designed to be no less than the outer diameter of the flexible wire 32. This size setting provides sufficient space for the flexible wire 32, ensuring that it can be smoothly embedded into the groove and avoiding the flexible wire 32 being unable to enter or being squeezed and damaged by the groove due to excessively narrow groove width. At the same time, it also ensures the limiting effect of the groove on the flexible wire 32, preventing the flexible wire 32 from swaying left and right in the groove due to excessively wide groove width, ensuring a stable contact area between the outer grinding roller 51 and the flexible wire 32, thereby ensuring the cleaning effect of squeezing and friction. Preferably, the groove width is 0.1~0.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the flexible wire 32, which can achieve smooth embedding and avoid swaying, taking into account both adaptability and limiting effect.

[0072] From the working process, during the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3 driven by the rotating mechanism 2, each flexible filament 32 rotates uniformly around the fixed shaft 21 along with the flexible reaction cage 3. When the flexible filament 32 rotates to the clamping gap between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, it will be embedded into the groove of the rolling surface of the outer grinding roller 51 one by one and precisely limited by the groove. At this time, the rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 rub against each other, and the groove fixes the flexible filament 32 in a specific position, so that the contact between the flexible filament 32 and the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 is more sufficient and more stable. The outer grinding roller 51 applies uniform extrusion force to the flexible filament 32 through the groove, causing the stubborn and dense sticky residue on the surface of the flexible filament 32 to loosen and fall off.

[0073] The design of this groove structure further optimizes the cleaning performance of the cleaning mechanism 5, making it particularly suitable for scenarios where the flexible filaments 32 have a small diameter and a large number of them, or where the raw materials are highly adhesive and the residues are stubborn. It can effectively solve the problem of incomplete cleaning caused by slippage and displacement of the flexible filaments 32 during the cleaning process, while also preventing damage to the flexible filaments 32 due to uneven force, extending the service life of the flexible filaments 32 and the outer grinding roller 51, ensuring that the cleaning mechanism 5 can play a stable role in the long term, and thus ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the entire pyrolysis device.

[0074] During the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3 driven by the rotating mechanism 2, each flexible filament 32 passes sequentially through the rolling surface (clamping gap) between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53. Due to the mutual friction and contact between the rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, the flexible filament 32 is subjected to both squeezing and frictional forces as it passes through the gap. The squeezing force loosens and removes the dense residue on the surface of the flexible filament 32, while the frictional force further scrapes away any remaining sticky substances, thus achieving thorough cleaning of the flexible filament 32. The cleaned residue, under the influence of gravity, passes through the gap between the flexible filaments 32 and falls to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 1, eventually being discharged from the discharge port 12, achieving automatic cleaning of the residue without manual intervention.

[0075] In some possible implementations, the inner grinding roller 53 has multiple friction patterns on its rolling surface, and the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are of equal length.

[0076] The inner grinding roller 53 has friction textures on its surface, which increases the friction between the inner grinding roller 53 and the flexible filament 32, enhancing the cleaning effect and effectively scraping away stubborn, dense, and sticky residues adhering to the surface of the flexible filament 32. In addition, the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are of equal length, and the axial distance x between the two rotating sleeves 22 is greater than the roller length (the roller length of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 is y), ensuring that all flexible filaments 32 can pass through the clamping gap one by one, achieving comprehensive cleaning without any cleaning dead corners.

[0077] To enhance the cleaning effect, this application incorporates multiple friction patterns on the rolling surface of the inner grinding roller 53. These friction patterns, in conjunction with the grooves of the outer grinding roller 51, form a dual cleaning structure of "limiting and friction," thoroughly scraping away residues from the inside of the flexible filament 32. This complements the squeezing and limiting effect of the outer grinding roller 51, significantly improving the thoroughness of the cleaning. Structurally, the friction patterns are evenly arranged circumferentially along the inner grinding roller 53, and can take various forms such as spiral, horizontal, or interlaced patterns. A spiral pattern is preferred, extending at a certain angle along the rotation axis of the inner grinding roller 53. This increases the contact area with the flexible filament 32 and generates a longitudinal scraping force on the surface of the flexible filament 32 during roller rotation. Compared to horizontal patterns, this makes it easier to scrape away dense, sticky residues adhering to the surface of the flexible filament 32, while avoiding localized stress concentration and preventing wear and breakage of the flexible filament 32.

[0078] The dimensions of the friction texture must be designed to match the diameter of the flexible filament 32 and the characteristics of the residue: the preferred depth of the texture is 0.5~2mm, the preferred width is 1~3mm, and the spacing between adjacent textures is 2~5mm. This ensures sufficient frictional strength to effectively scrape off residue while preventing the flexible filament 32 from becoming stuck or worn due to excessively deep or dense textures. It also facilitates the removal of residue from the gaps in the textures, preventing residue buildup that could affect the cleaning effect. Furthermore, the friction texture can be made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant materials, integrally formed with the inner grinding roller 53 body or applied to the surface of the inner grinding roller 53 using a spray coating process. This ensures that the texture is not easily deformed or detached in the high-temperature environment of the pyrolysis furnace (300~800℃), and can stably perform its frictional cleaning function over a long period.

[0079] In some possible implementations, the cleaning mechanism 5 includes an outer support 52 and an inner support 54. The inner support 54 is located in the inner cavity and connected to the fixed shaft 21, which can be fixed to the pyrolysis furnace 1. An inner grinding roller 53 is rotatably connected to the inner support 54. The outer support 52 is located outside the inner cavity and connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The outer grinding roller 51 is rotatably connected to the outer support 52.

[0080] The support structure is the core support that ensures the stable installation and flexible rotation of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53. It precisely matches the arrangement and cleaning function of the grinding rollers, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cleaning mechanism 5. Simultaneously, it achieves a reliable connection between the grinding rollers and the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the fixed shaft 21, balancing installation convenience and structural stability. Specifically, the inner support 54 serves as the mounting carrier for the inner grinding roller 53. Its entire structure is located inside the cavity formed by the flexible reaction cage 3 and is firmly connected to the fixed shaft 21. The two ends of the fixed shaft 21 are fixed to the opposite end faces of the pyrolysis furnace 1, providing a stable support foundation for the inner support 54, thereby ensuring the accurate installation position of the inner grinding roller 53 and preventing it from shifting or wobbling during rotation. The outer support 52 serves as the mounting carrier for the outer grinding roller 51. Located outside the cavity formed by the flexible reaction cage 3, it is firmly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Its installation position corresponds to that of the inner support 54, ensuring precise alignment of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, forming a uniform clamping gap.

[0081] Further design optimization involves using high-temperature resistant and high-strength metal materials, such as stainless steel and heat-resistant alloy steel, for both the inner support 54 and the outer support 52. These materials can withstand the high-temperature environment of 300~800℃ inside the pyrolysis furnace 1, while also possessing sufficient rigidity and wear resistance to prevent deformation and damage under long-term high temperature and stress conditions, thus extending the service life of the supports. Furthermore, the dimensions of the inner support 54 must be compatible with the inner cavity size of the flexible reaction cage 3 to ensure that the inner support 54 does not interfere with the flexible wire 32 or the fins 31 after installation, and does not affect the normal rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3. The dimensions of the outer support 52 must also be compatible with the inner cavity size of the pyrolysis furnace 1 to avoid collisions with the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 or other components, while ensuring that the outer grinding roller 51 can be accurately aligned with the inner grinding roller 53 to ensure uniform clamping gap.

[0082] The bracket structure not only ensures stable installation and flexible rotation of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, but also allows for flexible adjustment of the bracket specifications according to the installation requirements of the grinding rollers and the structural dimensions of the pyrolysis furnace 1, adapting to grinding rollers and pyrolysis furnace 1 of different sizes, thus improving the versatility of the cleaning mechanism 5. Simultaneously, the reliable connection between the bracket and the fixed shaft 21 and the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 ensures balanced force on the grinding rollers during rotational cleaning, preventing tilting or offset of the grinding rollers due to unstable installation. This, in turn, ensures precise matching of the grooves of the outer grinding roller 51 and the friction patterns of the inner grinding roller 53, guaranteeing the cleaning effect of the flexible filament 32 and providing reliable support for the continuous and stable operation of the entire pyrolysis device.

[0083] In some possible implementations, the inner support 54 includes two inner rods spaced apart along the length of the fixed shaft 21, both inner rods being fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 21. The inner grinding roller 53 is located between the two inner rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two inner rods. The outer support 52 includes two spaced outer rods arranged sequentially along the length of the fixed shaft 21. Both outer rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The outer grinding roller 51 is located between the two outer rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two outer rods.

[0084] The two inner rods, serving as the core support components of the inner grinding roller 53, are arranged symmetrically with a spacing that matches the length of the inner grinding roller 53. This ensures that the inner grinding roller 53 can be stably mounted between the two inner rods, with even force distribution at both ends, preventing tilting or wobbling during rotation. Both inner rods are securely connected to the fixed shaft 21. The connection can be made by welding or bolting. Welding ensures maximum connection strength, while bolting facilitates disassembly, maintenance, and replacement later. This design is suitable for the high-temperature working environment of 300~800℃ within the pyrolysis furnace 1, preventing deformation or loosening of the connection points due to thermal expansion and contraction, thus providing a stable support foundation for the inner grinding roller 53.

[0085] To enable flexible rotation of the inner grinding roller 53, suitable bearing mounting positions are provided on opposite sides of the two inner rods. High-temperature and wear-resistant bearings are embedded in the bearing mounting positions. The two ends of the inner grinding roller 53 are respectively inserted into the inner rings of the bearings of the two inner rods, achieving a rotatable connection between the inner roller and the inner rods through the bearings. This connection structure can significantly reduce the friction during the rotation of the inner grinding roller 53, ensuring that the inner grinding roller 53 maintains a stable and smooth rotation state, whether passively rotated by the flexible wire 32 or actively rotated by the built-in motor, without problems such as jamming or abnormal noise. At the same time, the high-temperature resistance of the bearings can prevent damage to them in the high-temperature environment of the pyrolysis furnace 1, extending the service life of the inner support 54 and the inner grinding roller 53. Corresponding to the structural design of the inner support 54, the outer support 52 includes two spaced-apart outer rods, which are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the fixed shaft 21. Both outer rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The outer grinding roller 51 is located between the two outer rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two outer rods. The two outer rods and two inner rods are symmetrically distributed, with the spacing matching the length of the outer grinding roller 51 and maintaining the same spacing as the inner rods. This ensures precise alignment of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, forming a uniform clamping gap, which guarantees the smooth passage and thorough cleaning of the flexible filament 32. Both outer rods are firmly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The connection points must avoid key interfaces such as the feed inlet 11, discharge outlet 12, and air outlet 13 of the pyrolysis furnace 1, while conforming to the contour of the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Welding or bolting can be used for connection to ensure that the connection strength is sufficient to withstand the weight of the outer grinding roller 51 and the force generated during rotation, preventing the outer support 52 from loosening or falling off due to vibration of the pyrolysis furnace 1 or the impact force generated by the rotation of the grinding roller. Consistent with the inner rod structure, each of the two outer rods also has a bearing mounting position on its opposite side, housing a high-temperature resistant bearing. The two ends of the outer grinding roller 51 are inserted into the inner rings of the bearings on the two outer rods, achieving a rotatable connection. This ensures that the outer grinding roller 51 can rotate flexibly and cooperate with the inner grinding roller 53 to apply uniform compression and friction force to the flexible filament 32 passing through the clamping gap. The dimensions of the two outer rods must be adapted to the inner cavity dimensions of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The length and thickness of the rods must balance rigidity and spatial adaptability to avoid collisions with the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1, the flexible reaction cage 3, or other components. Simultaneously, the installation height of the outer grinding roller 51 must be precise, and the clamping gap formed with the inner grinding roller 53 must perfectly match the diameter of the flexible filament 32, ensuring smooth passage of the flexible filament 32 while achieving optimal cleaning results.

[0086] Further design optimization involves using high-temperature resistant and high-strength metal materials, such as stainless steel and heat-resistant alloy steel, to withstand the high-temperature environment inside the pyrolysis furnace 1. These materials also possess sufficient rigidity and wear resistance to prevent deformation, bending, or damage under prolonged high temperature and stress, thus extending the service life of the support. Furthermore, the spacing between the two inner rods and the two outer rods can be flexibly adjusted according to the length of the grinding rollers, accommodating different sizes of outer grinding rollers 51 and inner grinding rollers 53, improving the versatility of the cleaning mechanism 5. The surfaces of the inner and outer rods can undergo high-temperature anti-corrosion treatment, further enhancing their high-temperature and corrosion resistance, adapting to the complex working environment inside the pyrolysis furnace 1.

[0087] In some possible implementations, the rotating mechanism 2 includes two rotating sleeves 22, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed shaft 21. The two ends of the flexible reaction cage 3 are respectively connected to the two rotating sleeves 22. The distance between the two rotating sleeves 22 is greater than the length of the inner grinding roller 53. The two inner rods are located between the two rotating sleeves 22.

[0088] Two rotating sleeves 22 are symmetrically positioned at both ends of the fixed shaft 21 and are coaxially arranged with the fixed shaft 21. They are rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 21 via bearings, and both rotating sleeves 22 can be driven by the same driver to achieve synchronous rotation at the same speed. This ensures that the flexible reaction cage 3 is subjected to uniform force at both ends and rotates smoothly, preventing the flexible reaction cage 3 from tilting, twisting, or shaking during rotation. This ensures that the flexible wire 32 can be accurately aligned with the groove of the outer grinding roller 51, improving the cleaning effect. Both ends of the flexible reaction cage 3 are firmly connected to the two rotating sleeves 22. The connection can be made by welding or bolting, adapting to the high-temperature environment inside the pyrolysis furnace 1. This ensures that the connection strength is sufficient to withstand the weight of the flexible reaction cage 3 itself, the weight of the raw materials, and the centrifugal force generated during rotation, preventing the flexible reaction cage 3 from detaching from the rotating sleeves 22 and ensuring the safe operation of the device.

[0089] The distance between the two rotating sleeves 22 is greater than the length of the inner grinding roller 53. This dimensional design is a key prerequisite for avoiding component interference and ensuring the normal operation of the cleaning mechanism 5. Since the inner grinding roller 53 is located inside the cavity formed by the flexible reaction cage 3 and is supported on the fixed shaft 21 by two inner rods, if the distance between the two rotating sleeves 22 is less than or equal to the length of the inner grinding roller 53, it will cause the two ends of the inner grinding roller 53 to collide and interfere with the rotating sleeves 22, hindering the normal rotation of the inner grinding roller 53 and the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3, thereby affecting the cleaning effect and the stability of the device operation. Setting the distance to be greater than the length of the inner grinding roller 53 allows sufficient space to be reserved between the two rotating sleeves 22 and the inner grinding roller 53, ensuring that the inner grinding roller 53 can rotate freely, while not affecting the connection stability between the two ends of the flexible reaction cage 3 and the rotating sleeves 22, thus achieving coordinated adaptation between the rotating mechanism 2 and the cleaning mechanism 5.

[0090] Furthermore, the two inner rods are located between the two rotating sleeves 22. This arrangement is precisely adapted to the structure of the rotating sleeves 22 and the inner grinding roller 53, providing stable support for the inner grinding roller 53 while preventing interference between the inner rods and the rotating sleeves 22. The two inner rods are spaced apart along the length of the fixed shaft 21 and are both located inside the two rotating sleeves 22, with both ends not exceeding the range of the rotating sleeves 22. This ensures that the inner rods will not contact or collide with the rotating sleeves 22 after installation, while precisely supporting the inner grinding roller 53, placing it in the central area of ​​the flexible reaction cage 3's inner cavity and precisely aligning it with the outer grinding roller 51 to form a uniform clamping gap. In addition, this arrangement also ensures that the inner rods maintain a reasonable distance from the fins 31 and flexible wires 32 of the flexible reaction cage 3, preventing interference between the inner rods and the flexible reaction cage 3 and ensuring the normal rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3 and the smooth pyrolysis of the raw materials.

[0091] In some possible implementations, the flexible reaction cage 3 includes a plurality of wing rods 31 and a plurality of flexible wires 32. Each of the wing rods 31 is disposed on the rotating sleeve 22. Each of the wing rods 31 is arranged sequentially at intervals around the circumference of the rotating sleeve 22. The wing rods 31 on the two rotating sleeves 22 are opposite to each other, and a flexible wire 32 is connected between the two opposite wing rods 31.

[0092] In some possible implementations, the outer grinding roller 51 rotates under the drive of the flexible filament 32, and the rotation of the outer grinding roller 51 can drive the inner grinding roller 53 to rotate; or, the cleaning mechanism 5 further includes a motor, which is connected to at least one of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 to drive the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 to rotate.

[0093] The first driving method is the flexible wire 32 driven type, in which the outer grinding roller 51 rotates under the drive of the flexible wire 32, thereby driving the inner grinding roller 53 to rotate synchronously. Specifically, when the rotating mechanism 2 drives the flexible reaction cage 3 to rotate, each flexible wire 32 passes through the clamping gap between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 one by one. Since there is friction between the flexible wire 32 and the groove of the outer grinding roller 51 and the friction pattern of the inner grinding roller 53, and the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are rotatably connected to the corresponding bracket through high-temperature bearings, when the flexible wire 32 moves continuously, it will generate a continuous friction force on the outer grinding roller 51. This friction force drives the outer grinding roller 51 to rotate passively around its own axis. Furthermore, because the rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are in mutual frictional contact, when the outer grinding roller 51 rotates, the friction between its rolling surface and the rolling surface of the inner grinding roller 53 will drive the inner grinding roller 53 to rotate synchronously, forming a linkage driving structure of "flexible wire 32 → outer grinding roller 51 → inner grinding roller 53". The core advantages of this driving method are its simple structure and low cost. It eliminates the need for additional drive components (such as motors), effectively simplifying the overall structure of the cleaning mechanism 5, reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty, and decreasing energy consumption. This makes it suitable for miniaturized, low-cost applications. Furthermore, this driving method synchronizes with the rotation rhythm of the flexible reaction cage 3. The moving speed of the flexible filaments 32 determines the rotation speed of the grinding roller, achieving adaptive matching between the cleaning rhythm and the raw material pyrolysis rhythm. This avoids affecting the cleaning effect due to excessively fast or slow roller rotation, while also reducing wear between the flexible filaments 32 and the grinding roller, extending their service life. It should be noted that this driving method is suitable for scenarios with a large number of flexible filaments 32 and moderately viscous raw material residues, ensuring that the flexible filaments 32 can provide sufficient friction to drive the grinding roller to rotate smoothly.

[0094] The second driving method is motor-driven, meaning the cleaning mechanism 5 also includes a motor. This motor is connected to at least one of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, and drives the grinding roller to rotate by outputting power from the motor. This driving method allows for flexible adjustment of the grinding roller speed according to cleaning needs. It is suitable for scenarios where the raw material residue is highly adhesive and the friction of the flexible filament 32 is insufficient to drive the grinding roller to rotate smoothly. This further improves the cleaning effect, ensuring that stubborn, dense, and sticky residues on the flexible filament 32 are completely removed.

[0095] Specifically, the installation location of the motor needs to be compatible with the structure of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the layout of the cleaning mechanism 5. Preferably, it is installed outside the pyrolysis furnace 1, with the transmission shaft passing through the sealed interface of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and connecting to the grinding roller. This avoids direct contact between the motor and the high-temperature environment inside the pyrolysis furnace 1, extending the motor's service life. Alternatively, a high-temperature resistant motor can be used, directly installed on the bracket inside the pyrolysis furnace 1, reducing the transmission structure and improving drive efficiency. The transmission connection between the motor and the grinding roller can be achieved using gear drive, chain drive, or belt drive. Among these, gear drive has advantages such as high transmission efficiency, stable speed, and long service life, making it suitable for high-temperature and high-load working environments and the preferred transmission method.

[0096] The driving logic of the motor can be divided into three cases: First, the motor is only connected to the outer grinding roller 51, driving the outer grinding roller 51 to rotate actively. The outer grinding roller 51 drives the inner grinding roller 53 to rotate synchronously through the friction between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53. This method can reduce the number of motors, simplify the transmission structure, and balance the driving effect and cost control. Second, the motor is only connected to the inner grinding roller 53, driving the inner grinding roller 53 to rotate actively, which in turn drives the outer grinding roller 51 to rotate synchronously. This method is suitable for scenarios where the inner grinding roller 53 is subjected to greater force and requires stronger driving force. Third, the motor is connected to both the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53. The two grinding rollers are driven to rotate by two motors respectively. The speed and direction of the two grinding rollers can be flexibly adjusted to further enhance the squeezing and friction effect. This method is suitable for scenarios where the residue is extremely sticky and difficult to clean.

[0097] Furthermore, in the motor-driven system, a speed adjustment device can be installed to flexibly adjust the grinding roller speed according to parameters such as raw material characteristics and residue viscosity. The preferred speed range is 50~200 r / min, ensuring that the grinding roller provides sufficient friction to scrape off residues without causing wear or breakage of the flexible filament 32 due to excessive speed. Simultaneously, the motor must be equipped with an overload protection device. When the grinding roller is stuck by residues or experiences excessive resistance, the overload protection device can automatically cut off the power supply to prevent motor damage and ensure safe operation of the device.

[0098] In some possible implementations, an annular cavity is formed between the fixed shaft 21 and the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The pyrolysis furnace 1 has a feed inlet 11 at the top and a discharge outlet 12 at the bottom. Both the feed inlet 11 and the discharge outlet 12 are connected to the annular cavity. In the rotation direction along the flexible reaction cage 3, the annular cavity sequentially includes a reaction zone A, a separation zone B, and a cleaning zone C. The reaction zone A is located between the feed inlet 11 and the discharge outlet 12. A flexible scraper 4 is provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The flexible scraper 4 is located in the separation zone B. The cleaning zone C is located between the flexible scraper 4 and the feed inlet 11. The cleaning mechanism 5 is located in the cleaning zone C.

[0099] This implementation plan achieves an orderly connection between "pyrolysis reaction - product separation - residue cleaning" by dividing the annular cavity into functional areas, further optimizing the device operation process, improving pyrolysis efficiency and product separation effect, and at the same time, it is combined with flexible scraper 4 to enhance the separation of solid residues, ensuring the functional coordination of each area and guaranteeing the continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0100] Specifically, an annular cavity is formed between the fixed shaft 21 and the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1. This annular cavity is the core working space for the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3, the pyrolysis of raw materials, the separation of products, and the cleaning of residues. Its annular structure is precisely matched with the columnar structure of the flexible reaction cage 3, ensuring that the flexible reaction cage 3 rotates smoothly within the annular cavity, while providing sufficient space for the flow and separation of pyrolysis gas and solid residues. The radial width of the annular cavity is adapted to the size of the flexible reaction cage 3, that is, the width of the annular cavity (the distance between the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the outer wall of the flexible reaction cage 3) is moderate, which ensures that the flexible reaction cage 3 does not rub against the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 when rotating, and also avoids excessive heat dissipation due to excessive space, thus balancing rotational flexibility and thermal efficiency.

[0101] The feed inlet 11 at the top of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the discharge outlet 12 at the bottom are both connected to the annular cavity, forming a smooth "feeding-discharging" channel that is compatible with the functional zoning layout of the annular cavity. The feed inlet 11 is used to feed large-sized strip-shaped organic waste into a designated area of ​​the annular cavity (the junction of the clean zone C and the reaction zone A near the feed inlet 11). The discharge outlet 12 is used to discharge the solid residues (coke, slag) generated by pyrolysis. Located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 1, it conforms to the principle of gravity discharge, facilitating the natural discharge of solid residues. The discharge outlet 12 can be equipped with a valve to control the discharge speed and prevent residue accumulation and blockage.

[0102] Along the rotation direction of the flexible reaction cage 3, the annular cavity is sequentially divided into a reaction zone A, a separation zone B, and a cleaning zone C. The first end of the reaction zone A is located at the highest point inside the pyrolysis furnace 1. The central angle corresponding to the reaction zone A should be no less than 180°, and the central angles corresponding to the separation zone B and the cleaning zone C should be no less than 60°. The sum of the central angles corresponding to the reaction zone A, separation zone B, and cleaning zone C is 360°.

[0103] The feed inlet 11 can be located above the beginning of the reaction zone A of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The feed inlet 11 is equipped with a gate or is connected to a feeding device. The discharge outlet 12 is located at the beginning of the separation zone B of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The discharge outlet 12 is connected to a solid collection system. The gas outlet 13 is located at the top of the end of the clean zone C of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The gas outlet 13 is connected to a separation and condensation system.

[0104] Multiple flexible scrapers 4 are evenly distributed in the separation zone B of the pyrolysis furnace 1. On the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1, the interval between adjacent flexible scrapers 4 is at least 10 mm.

[0105] Each area has a clearly defined function and seamless integration, forming a closed-loop operation process to ensure the orderly progress of raw material feeding and cleaning. Reaction zone A, located between inlet 11 and outlet 12, is the core area for the pyrolysis reaction of the raw material. The inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 in this zone can be equipped with an insulation layer to maintain a stable pyrolysis temperature of 300-800℃, providing a suitable environment for raw material pyrolysis. After entering through inlet 11, the raw material rotates into reaction zone A with the flexible reaction cage 3, gradually softening and pyrolyzing under high temperature, producing pyrolysis gas, liquid products, and solid residues. The flexible filaments 32 of the flexible reaction cage 3 provide a stable carrier for the pyrolysis of the raw material, ensuring sufficient residence time within reaction zone A for complete pyrolysis. The pyrolysis gas, being fluid, rises through the gaps between the flexible filaments 32 and is eventually discharged through outlet 13 of the pyrolysis furnace 1. The solid residues adhere to the surface of the flexible filaments 32 and enter separation zone B with the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3.

[0106] Separation zone B is located after reaction zone A and before cleaning zone C. Both discharge port 12 and flexible scraper 4 are located in this area. Its core function is to initially peel solid residues off the flexible filaments 32, which facilitates the subsequent deep cleaning in cleaning zone C.

[0107] A flexible scraper 4, installed on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1, is located on the side of the discharge port 12 away from the reaction zone A. Its structure is precisely matched to the flexible filament 32 and the dimensions of the annular cavity. It is made of a high-temperature resistant, elastic flexible material (such as high-temperature resistant rubber or flexible ceramic fiber) to prevent damage to the flexible filament 32 during scraping. One end of the flexible scraper 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1, while the other end makes slight contact with the flexible filament 32 of the flexible reaction cage 3. When the flexible reaction cage 3 rotates the flexible filament 32, which is covered with solid residue, past the flexible scraper 4, the scraper 4 exerts a slight scraping force on the surface of the flexible filament 32, initially peeling off large, loose solid residues. The peeled solid residues fall to the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 1 under gravity and are discharged through the discharge port 12, achieving preliminary separation and collection of solid residues, reducing the cleaning load on the subsequent cleaning mechanism 5, and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0108] Cleaning zone C is located between the flexible scraper 4 and the feed inlet 11. The cleaning mechanism 5 (outer grinding roller 51, inner grinding roller 53, support, etc.) is entirely located in this area. Its core function is to deeply clean the flexible filaments 32 after preliminary peeling, removing stubborn, dense, and sticky residues remaining on the flexible filaments 32. After preliminary peeling in separation zone B, a small amount of sticky residues that are difficult to peel off will still adhere to the surface of the flexible filaments 32. After entering cleaning zone C with the rotation of the flexible reaction cage 3, each flexible filament 32 passes through the clamping gap between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 one by one. Under the limiting action of the groove of the outer grinding roller 51, the friction of the friction texture of the inner grinding roller 53, and the squeezing action of both, the residues are completely removed. The cleaned flexible filaments 32 continue to rotate with the flexible reaction cage 3 and return to the vicinity of the feed inlet 11 to receive newly fed raw materials, forming a closed loop of "feeding-reaction-separation-cleaning-refeeding" to realize the continuous operation of the device.

[0109] The seamless design of each zone ensures a smooth workflow: the product generated in reaction zone A rotates with the flexible reaction cage 3 into separation zone B, completing initial separation and residue removal; the removed flexible filaments 32 enter cleaning zone C for deep cleaning, and then return to the feed inlet 11 to receive new raw materials, avoiding interference between the operations of different zones and improving pyrolysis efficiency, product separation effect, and cleaning effect. Furthermore, the zoned design of the annular cavity facilitates the optimization of operating parameters in each zone (such as the temperature of reaction zone A and the grinding roller speed of cleaning zone C), adapting to the processing needs of different raw materials and further enhancing the versatility and practicality of the device.

[0110] By adopting the above technical solution, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0111] The present invention has the following effects:

[0112] Stable operation: The strip-shaped waste material used as raw material undergoes pyrolysis reaction on the flexible reaction cage 3. The raw material softens when heated and can spontaneously adhere to the flexible wire 32. At the same time, it ensures that the contact area between the raw material and the flexible wire 32 is small, so that the pyrolysis residue can easily detach spontaneously under the intermittent collision action of the flexible scraper 4. This prevents the raw material from falling directly out of the discharge port 12 or sticking to the inner surface of the pyrolysis furnace 1, effectively preventing the pyrolysis furnace 1 from being blocked and ensuring that the device can operate smoothly and continuously.

[0113] High heat transfer efficiency: The flexible reaction cage 3 is placed inside the pyrolysis furnace 1, which reduces heat dissipation. The flexible scraper 4 can effectively scrape off the coke and pyrolysis residues adhering to the surface of the flexible reaction cage 3 during the pyrolysis process, which is conducive to heat transfer and improves pyrolysis efficiency.

[0114] Effective control of reaction time: Since the raw materials are mainly in contact with the elastic flexible wires 32, the violent vibrations caused by the flexible wires 32 moving to the lower side of the pyrolysis furnace 1 hitting the flexible scraper 4 are difficult to be transmitted to the flexible wires 32 above the pyrolysis furnace 1, thus avoiding the accidental fall of unreacted raw materials and ensuring an effective reaction time.

[0115] The reaction is easy to control and has a wide range of raw material adaptability: depending on the characteristics of the raw materials and the type of target product, flexible reaction cages 3 with different gaps and connection methods and flexible scrapers 4 with different sizes and layouts can be replaced. At the same time, the feed rate, rotational speed, pyrolysis temperature and other parameters of the device can be flexibly controlled to adjust the pyrolysis reaction process, so as to achieve efficient pyrolysis of different raw materials in a targeted manner.

[0116] Automatic slag discharge: The coke and slag remaining after pyrolysis will be peeled off by the action of the flexible scraper 4 and the cleaning mechanism 5, and automatically discharged from the discharge port 12 under the action of gravity.

[0117] Simple structure and easy maintenance: No complex rotating components are required. The flexible scraper 4 is an elastic flat strip structure. The wing rod 31 is connected to the sleeve. The outer edge of the wing rod 31 is connected to each other by flexible wires 32, which makes it easy to replace and maintain the device.

[0118] High space utilization: Large-sized strip-shaped raw materials can be directly fed into the pyrolysis device for pyrolysis without being crushed into particles, which can save additional pretreatment, stirring, decoking and other equipment. At the same time, the device is a horizontally placed hollow cylindrical structure. The flexible wire 32 is driven by the sleeve to move along the circumference, passing through the reaction zone A, separation zone B and cleaning zone C in sequence, and then re-entering the reaction zone A to participate in a new cycle. This allows the entire mesh surface of the flexible reaction cage 3 to participate in the reaction effectively at the same time, avoiding the ineffective movement segment of the flexible wire 32 in the traditional chain device, and significantly improving the overall space utilization efficiency of the device.

[0119] Effective dechlorination and clean emissions: Pyrolysis is an anaerobic process that produces reducing components such as H2 and CO. Moreover, the low temperature can effectively inhibit the formation of harmful substances such as dioxins from the source, thus achieving efficient dechlorination.

[0120] Thorough Cleaning: The inner and outer grinding rollers 51 are parallel to the flexible filament 32. The surface of the outer grinding roller 51 is provided with grooves that can just accommodate the flexible filament 32, while the surface of the inner grinding roller 53 is provided with friction textures. When the flexible filament 32 moves to the contact surface of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53, the flexible filament 32 is just embedded in the groove of the outer grinding roller 51. The outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 can fully squeeze and rub the flexible filament 32, removing all residual coke and waste residue from the surface. At the same time, by increasing the relative rotation speed of the outer and inner grinding rollers 53, the friction force on the surface of the flexible filament 32 can also be increased, ensuring thorough cleaning.

[0121] This application also provides a pyrolysis method for a self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments 32, including:

[0122] Step S1: Drive the rotating sleeve 22 to rotate, thereby rotating the flexible reaction cage 3, and simultaneously heating the pyrolysis furnace 1 to the set temperature;

[0123] Step S2: The raw material is put into the pyrolysis furnace 1, so that the raw material falls on the flexible reaction cage 3. As the temperature rises, the material softens and sticks to the flexible wire 32 and undergoes pyrolysis.

[0124] In this step, the raw material enters the reaction zone A of the pyrolysis furnace 1 through the feed inlet 11.

[0125] Step S3: Driven by the rotating sleeve 22, the flexible filaments 32 with material adhering to them pass one by one through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53. The inner grinding roller 53 and the outer grinding roller 51 cooperate to squeeze and remove the material on the flexible filaments 32.

[0126] In this step, the flexible reaction cage 3 rotates continuously under the drive of the sleeve, causing the raw material at the beginning of reaction zone A of the pyrolysis furnace 1 to move to the end of reaction zone A of the pyrolysis furnace 1 with the flexible reaction cage 3, and gradually pyrolyze completely. Then it enters the separation zone B. In the separation zone B of the pyrolysis furnace 1, the flexible scraper 4 intermittently collides with the flexible reaction cage 3, causing large pieces of coke and slag in block or sheet form on the surface of the flexible reaction cage 3 to detach and fall off under gravity, automatically discharged from the discharge port 12. The remaining stubborn, dense, and sticky residue enters the cleaning zone C with the flexible reaction cage 3. In the cleaning zone C of the pyrolysis furnace 1, the flexible filaments 32 pass through the contact surface of the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 one by one, so that the flexible filaments 32 are squeezed and rubbed in the groove of the outer grinding roller 51, removing the remaining stubborn, dense, and sticky residue. The residue also passes through the flexible filaments 32 below under gravity and is automatically discharged from the discharge port 12, collected by the solid collection system. The generated pyrolysis gas is discharged through outlet 13, and then condensed and separated to obtain liquid products and non-condensable gases.

[0127] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below based on the preferred embodiment. Specifically, the radius of the cavity of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 1000 mm and the length is 600 mm; the diameter of the fixed shaft 21 is 600 mm, and the axial distance x between the two rotating sleeves 22 is 500 mm. This embodiment adopts... Figure 2The reaction zone A, separation zone B, and cleaning zone C are arranged in a circular pattern. The central angle corresponding to reaction zone A is 180°, the central angle corresponding to separation zone B is 90°, and the central angle corresponding to cleaning zone C is 90°. Each rotating sleeve 22 is equipped with 40 fins 31, each with a diameter of 8mm. The flexible wires 32 are made of stainless steel and have a diameter of 1mm. The flexible scrapers 4 are flat, strip-shaped, elastic thin stainless steel sheets, one end of which is fixed to the inner surface of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Each flexible scraper 4 is 60mm long, 10mm wide, and 0.2mm thick. Multiple flexible scrapers 4 are evenly distributed on the surface of separation zone B of the pyrolysis furnace 1. This embodiment adopts... Figure 4 The outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 are arranged in a manner that is 130mm in diameter and 450mm in length. This embodiment adopts... Figure 5 The outer grinding roller 51 has eight axially parallel grooves evenly arranged on its surface, with a cross-sectional diameter of 1 mm. The inner grinding roller 53 is the driven roller, but the entire cleaning mechanism 5 is not limited to this design. This ingenious arrangement allows the flexible filament 32 to be precisely embedded in the grooves of the outer grinding roller 51, ensuring that the outer grinding roller 51 and the inner grinding roller 53 can fully squeeze and rub the flexible filament 32, removing any remaining stubborn, dense, and sticky residue from it.

[0128] In order to improve the pyrolysis efficiency of the raw materials, the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is set to 300~800℃, and the rotation speed of the rotating sleeve 22 is set to 1~15r / min. This makes the temperature and reaction time of the pyrolysis process as close as possible to the optimal pyrolysis environment of the specific strip-shaped raw materials, thereby improving the pyrolysis conversion rate of the raw materials and the yield of the target product.

[0129] The following detailed description of the process flow for catalytic pyrolysis using a flexible rotary pyrolysis device is provided through specific embodiments. The devices used in each embodiment have basically the same structure.

[0130] Example 1

[0131] For strip-shaped waste paper raw materials, the length of the wing 31 is set to 360mm, that is, the distance between the free end of the wing 31 and the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 40mm.

[0132] Waste paper strips no longer than 200 mm are fed into pyrolysis furnace 1, which is set at 450°C with a sleeve rotation speed of 2 r / min. After one round of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas is collected and rapidly separated and condensed, with a liquid phase yield of 48.2%. The target product, L-glucanone, accounts for 12.7 wt% of the liquid phase product, achieving efficient disposal and utilization of waste paper strips. Simultaneously, after the flexible reaction cage 3 passes through separation zone B and cleaning zone C, the residue generated during pyrolysis on the flexible wire 32 is essentially scraped off, effectively preventing the adhesion, clogging, and coking of raw materials.

[0133] Example 2

[0134] For strip-shaped waste textile materials, the length of the wing 31 is set to 360mm, that is, the distance between the free end of the wing 31 and the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 40mm.

[0135] Waste denim processing materials, no longer than 200mm, are fed into pyrolysis furnace 1. The temperature of pyrolysis furnace 1 is set at 700℃, and the rotation speed of the sleeve is 1 r / min. After one round of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas is collected and rapidly separated and condensed. 46.7% of the non-condensable gas is collected, achieving efficient disposal and utilization of waste denim processing materials. Simultaneously, after the flexible reaction cage 3 passes through separation zone B and cleaning zone C, the residue generated by pyrolysis on the flexible yarn 32 is basically scraped off, effectively preventing the adhesion, blockage, coking, and slagging of the raw materials.

[0136] Example 3

[0137] For waste plastic wire raw materials, the length of the wing 31 is set to 360mm, that is, the distance between the free end of the wing 31 and the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 40mm.

[0138] PET waste plastic wires no longer than 200mm are fed into pyrolysis furnace 1, which is set at 500℃ and rotated at 5r / min. After one round of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas is collected and rapidly separated and condensed, with a liquid phase yield of 32.6%, of which the yield of the target product benzoic acid reaches 25.5wt%, achieving efficient disposal and utilization of waste plastic wires. Simultaneously, after the flexible reaction cage 3 passes through separation zone B and cleaning zone C, the residue generated during pyrolysis on the flexible wire 32 is essentially scraped off, effectively preventing the adhesion, blockage, coking, and slagging of raw materials.

[0139] Example 4

[0140] For waste plastic strip raw materials, the length of the wing rod 31 is set to 360mm, that is, the distance between the free end of the wing rod 31 and the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is 40mm.

[0141] PS waste plastic strips, no longer than 200 mm, are fed into pyrolysis furnace 1. The temperature of pyrolysis furnace 1 is set to 600℃, and the rotational speed of the shaft is 3 r / min. After one round of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas is collected and rapidly separated and condensed. The target aromatic product accounts for 69.1% of the liquid phase product, achieving efficient disposal and utilization of easily softened and tightly bound waste PS plastic. Simultaneously, after the flexible reaction cage 3 passes through separation zone B and cleaning zone C, the residue generated by pyrolysis on the flexible wire 32 is basically scraped off, effectively preventing the adhesion, blockage, coking, and slagging of the raw materials.

[0142] Example 5

[0143] Regarding waste tire raw materials, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the length of the wing 31 is 330mm.

[0144] Waste tire strips, no longer than 200 mm, are fed into pyrolysis furnace 1. The temperature of pyrolysis furnace 1 is set to 600℃, and the rotational speed of the shaft is 4 r / min. After one round of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis gas is collected and rapidly separated and condensed, with a liquid phase yield of 36.9%, of which the target aromatic product accounts for 14.5 wt%, achieving efficient disposal and utilization of waste tire strips. Simultaneously, after the flexible reaction cage 3 passes through separation zone B and cleaning zone C, the residue generated by pyrolysis on the flexible wire 32 is basically scraped off, effectively preventing the adhesion, blockage, coking, and slagging of the raw materials.

[0145] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments, characterized in that, include: A pyrolysis furnace having a cavity; A rotating mechanism located in the cavity, the rotating mechanism including a fixed shaft and a rotating sleeve rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft; A flexible reaction cage is located in the cavity and connected to the rotating sleeve. The flexible reaction cage has a plurality of flexible wires, each of which extends along the length direction of the fixed shaft. The flexible wires are arranged sequentially at intervals around the fixed shaft, and the flexible wires enclose the cavity. A cleaning mechanism is located in the cavity. The cleaning mechanism includes an outer grinding roller and an inner grinding roller. The inner grinding roller is located in the inner cavity, and the outer grinding roller is located outside the inner cavity. Both the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller are rotatably arranged, and the rolling surfaces of the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller are in frictional contact. When the rotating mechanism is in a rotating state, it can drive the flexible reaction cage to rotate, so that each of the flexible filaments passes through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller one by one.

2. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer grinding roller has multiple grooves on its rolling surface. Each groove extends along the rotation axis of the outer grinding roller and is arranged at intervals around the circumference of the outer grinding roller. The width of the groove is not less than the outer diameter of the flexible wire; When the rotating mechanism is in a rotating state, each of the flexible wires is confined to its corresponding groove.

3. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple friction patterns are provided on the rolling surface of the inner grinding roller; The outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller are of equal length.

4. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism includes an outer support and an inner support; The inner support is located in the inner cavity and connected to the fixed shaft, and the inner grinding roller is rotatably connected to the inner support; The outer support is located outside the inner cavity and is connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace, and the outer grinding roller is rotatably connected to the outer support.

5. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner support includes two inner rods, which are spaced apart along the length of the fixed shaft. Both inner rods are fixedly connected to the fixed shaft. The inner grinding roller is located between the two inner rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two inner rods. The outer support includes two outer rods spaced apart, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the fixed shaft. Both outer rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace. The outer grinding roller is located between the two outer rods and is rotatably connected to each of the two outer rods.

6. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes two rotating sleeves, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed shaft; The flexible reaction cage is connected at both ends to the two rotating sleeves respectively; The distance between the two rotating sleeves is greater than the length of the inner grinding roller; The two inner rods are located between the two rotating sleeves.

7. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flexible reaction cage includes multiple fins and multiple flexible wires; Each of the aforementioned wing rods is disposed on the rotating sleeve, and each of the aforementioned wing rods is arranged sequentially at intervals around the circumference of the rotating sleeve; The blades on the two rotating sleeves are aligned one to the other; A flexible filament is connected between two opposing winglets.

8. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer grinding roller rotates under the drive of the flexible filament, and the rotation of the outer grinding roller can drive the inner grinding roller to rotate. Alternatively, the cleaning mechanism may further include a motor, which is drively connected to at least one of the outer and inner grinding rollers to drive the outer and inner grinding rollers to rotate.

9. The self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis apparatus with transverse flexible filaments according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, An annular cavity is formed between the fixed shaft and the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace; The pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom, and both the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are connected to the annular cavity. Along the rotation direction of the flexible reaction cage, the annular cavity sequentially includes a reaction zone, a separation zone, and a cleaning zone; The reaction zone is located between the inlet and the outlet; A flexible scraper is provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace, and the flexible scraper is located in the separation zone; The cleaning zone is located between the flexible scraper and the feed inlet, and the cleaning mechanism is located in the cleaning zone.

10. The pyrolysis method of the self-cleaning rotary pyrolysis device with transverse flexible filaments as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Drive the rotating sleeve to rotate, thereby rotating the flexible reaction cage and simultaneously heating the pyrolysis furnace to the set temperature; Step S2: The raw material is put into the pyrolysis furnace, so that the raw material falls on the flexible reaction cage. As the temperature rises, the material softens and sticks to the flexible wire and undergoes pyrolysis. Step S3: Driven by the rotating sleeve, the flexible filaments with pyrolysis residues adhered to them pass one by one through the rolling surface between the outer grinding roller and the inner grinding roller. The inner grinding roller and the outer grinding roller work together to squeeze and remove the pyrolysis residues from the flexible filaments.

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