Seismic data processing method, device and equipment

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of seismic data processing, and disclose a seismic data processing method, device and equipment, comprising: acquiring post-stack seismic data to be compensated and a time-varying Q value model; determining an attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data according to the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q value model; counting a minimum attenuation travel time and a maximum attenuation travel time of the attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data; determining a first number according to the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time and a preset increment; constructing a filter bank; and performing point-by-point filtering processing on each seismic trace data in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated by using the filter bank. The filter bank is designed through attenuation travel time analysis, and the continuous coverage characteristics of the filter bank can ensure smooth transition of the filtering effect in the whole time domain, effectively reducing phase and amplitude errors in the filtering process, thereby significantly improving imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of seismic data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of earthquake data processing technology, and in particular to an earthquake data processing method, apparatus and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional seismic exploration mainly consists of seismic acquisition, processing, and interpretation. However, seismic data is often inevitably affected by random noise and attenuation during acquisition. Seismic wave attenuation is an important property of the subsurface medium. Due to the viscoelasticity of the strata, waves are absorbed and attenuated during propagation, causing energy attenuation and velocity dispersion of wavelets. This leads to amplitude attenuation and phase distortion of the waveform, altering, delaying, and stretching the seismic wavelets, reducing the resolution of the seismic record, and causing seismic wave energy loss. Moreover, as the propagation distance increases, the attenuation of high-frequency components of seismic waves is more severe than that of low-frequency components. Therefore, the purpose of seismic data processing is to improve the resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and fidelity of seismic data through various methods to facilitate seismic data interpretation.

[0003] Seismic waves are affected by absorption and dispersion during their propagation underground, leading to changes in the amplitude and phase of seismic records. This propagation effect of seismic waves is usually measured by the quality factor Q. The quality factor Q is a geophysical parameter that measures this absorption attenuation, and the Q value is an important parameter for estimating the absorption attenuation of seismic waves along the propagation path. To accurately reconstruct the true condition of the subsurface medium, inverse Q compensation is usually required. Currently, the commonly used inverse Q compensation method employs the overlapping window technique, dividing the data into different windows, defining a time-invariant filter based on the center time of each window, and then summing all the windows to complete the compensation process. When dealing with non-stationary filtering processes, this method can lead to amplitude and phase errors in data far from the center time, especially when the Q value model varies over time. Therefore, a more accurate seismic data processing method is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide at least one seismic data processing method, apparatus, and device to solve the problems of large amplitude and phase errors and low accuracy in existing methods.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, at least one embodiment of this application provides a seismic data processing method, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the post-stack seismic data and time-varying Q-value model to be compensated;

[0007] The attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data is determined based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model.

[0008] The minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function for single-channel seismic data are statistically analyzed.

[0009] The first quantity is determined based on the minimum decay travel time, the maximum decay travel time, and the preset increment;

[0010] Construct a filter bank, which includes a first number of filters and covers the entire time domain from the minimum decay travel time to the maximum decay travel time;

[0011] A filter bank is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated.

[0012] In some embodiments, the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data is determined based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and a time-varying Q-value model, including:

[0013] The attenuation travel time function for single-channel seismic data is determined by the following expression:

[0014] R(t) = t / Q(t)

[0015] Where R(t) represents the attenuation travel time function of a single seismic data, t represents the travel time of the seismic data, and Q(t) represents the value of the time-varying Q-value model at time t.

[0016] In some embodiments, determining a first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and a preset increment includes:

[0017] The first quantity is determined according to the following expression:

[0018]

[0019] Where N represents the first quantity, R max R represents the maximum decaying travel time. min ΔR represents the preset increment when the minimum decay travel time is indicated.

[0020] In some embodiments, the filter bank is determined according to the following expression:

[0021]

[0022] Where H represents the filter bank, h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter bank, N represents the first number, f represents the frequency, and t i Represents filter h i The time corresponding to (t), Q i (t) represents t i The Q value at time φ represents the phase spectrum of the signal.

[0023] In some embodiments, hi The interval range corresponding to (t) is R. min +iΔR,R min ΔR represents the preset increment when the minimum decay travel time is indicated.

[0024] In some embodiments, a filter bank is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated, including:

[0025] Perform point-by-point filtering based on the following expression:

[0026]

[0027] Where y(t) represents the filtered data, x(t) represents the input seismic trace data, and h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter bank, a i (t) represents the weight of the i-th filter, and K(R(t)) represents the filter set consisting of K filters near the value of R(t). i Let represent the center value of the interval of the i-th filter, R(t) represent the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data, and σ represent the parameter that controls the width of the weight distribution.

[0028] In some embodiments, the weight a of the i-th filter i (t) and R(t) and R i The distance between them is negatively correlated.

[0029] At least one embodiment of this application also provides a seismic data processing apparatus, comprising:

[0030] The acquisition module is used to acquire the post-stack seismic data and time-varying Q-value model to be compensated;

[0031] The determination module is used to determine the attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model;

[0032] The statistics module is used to calculate the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function for single-channel seismic data.

[0033] The calculation module is used to determine the first quantity based on the minimum decay travel time, the maximum decay travel time, and the preset increment;

[0034] A building module is used to build a filter bank, which includes a first number of filters and covers the entire time domain from the minimum decay travel time to the maximum decay travel time.

[0035] The processing module is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated using a filter bank.

[0036] At least one embodiment of this application also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described seismic data processing method.

[0037] At least one embodiment of this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described seismic data processing method.

[0038] The seismic data processing method, apparatus, and equipment provided in the embodiments of this application acquire post-stack seismic data to be compensated and a time-varying Q-value model; determine the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model; statistically analyze the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data; determine a first quantity based on the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times and a preset increment; construct a filter bank, which includes the first quantity of filters and covers the entire time domain from the minimum to the maximum attenuation travel time; and perform point-by-point filtering processing on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated using the filter bank. Through attenuation travel time analysis and filter bank design, the continuous coverage characteristics of the filter bank can ensure a smooth transition of the filtering effect throughout the entire time domain, effectively reducing phase and amplitude errors during the filtering process, thereby significantly improving the imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of the seismic data. Attached Figure Description

[0039] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, and these illustrative descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a seismic data processing method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of post-stack seismic data to be compensated provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 The method of this application is used to Figure 2 The diagram shows the effect of processing the data.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic data processing apparatus provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, and to fully understand and implement the process of how this disclosure applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, not all embodiments. The embodiments of this disclosure and the various features within them can be combined with each other without conflict, and the resulting technical solutions are all within the protection scope of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0047] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0048] Seismic waves are affected by absorption and dispersion during propagation underground, causing changes in the amplitude and phase of seismic records. To accurately reconstruct the true state of the subsurface medium, inverse Q-compensation is required. Currently, the commonly used inverse Q-compensation method employs overlapping windowing, which divides the data into different windows and defines a time-invariant filter based on the center time of each window. All windows are then summed to complete the compensation process. However, when processing non-stationary filtering, this overlapping window combination weighting can introduce amplitude and phase errors into data far from the center time, especially when the Q-value model varies over time.

[0049] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a more accurate seismic data processing method—an inverse Q-compensation method based on time-varying filters. Specifically, by introducing absorption attenuation travel time, a time-varying filter bank is established to more effectively handle non-stationary filtering processes, minimizing residual amplitude and phase errors, thereby improving the accuracy and resolution of seismic imaging. Compared to the traditional overlapping window method, the time-varying filter bank can more effectively handle non-stationary filtering processes, significantly reducing errors and improving the accuracy and efficiency of seismic data processing. The seismic data processing method provided in this application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a seismic data processing method provided in one embodiment of this application. The seismic data processing method provided in this embodiment can be applied to electronic devices with communication, computing, and data storage capabilities. Figure 1 As shown, the seismic data processing method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0052] S101. Obtain the post-stack seismic data and time-varying Q-value model to be compensated.

[0053] In this embodiment, the post-stack seismic data to be compensated is the seismic data to be processed, which is obtained by post-stack processing of the original seismic data. The time-varying Q-value model in this embodiment changes with time; it should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific form of the time-varying Q-value model.

[0054] S102. Determine the attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model.

[0055] In this embodiment, the attenuation travel time is introduced by calculating the attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data. Specifically, the attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data is determined based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model, and may include:

[0056] The attenuation travel time function for single-channel seismic data is determined by the following expression:

[0057] R(t) = t / Q(t)

[0058] Where R(t) represents the attenuation travel time function of a single seismic data, t represents the travel time of the seismic data, and Q(t) represents the value of the time-varying Q-value model at time t.

[0059] S103. Minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function for statistical single-channel seismic data.

[0060] The values ​​of the attenuation travel time function for all single-track seismic data in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated are statistically analyzed to obtain the minimum attenuation travel time R of the single-track seismic data. min and maximum decay travel time R max .

[0061] S104. Determine the first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and the preset increment.

[0062] In this embodiment, the preset increment ΔR can be set by the user, and the preset increment is a real number where 0 < ΔR < 1. Then, a first quantity (i.e., the number of filters in the filter bank) is determined based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and the preset increment. In some optional implementations, determining the first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and the preset increment may specifically include:

[0063] The first quantity is determined according to the following expression:

[0064]

[0065] Where N represents the first quantity, R max R represents the maximum decaying travel time. min ΔR represents the preset increment when the minimum decay travel time is indicated.

[0066] By analyzing (R) max -R min Rounding up ΔR divides the entire time domain into N intervals. Specifically, the range of R(t) is divided into N intervals, each with a range of R. min +iΔR.

[0067] S105. Construct a filter bank, which includes a first number of filters and covers the entire time domain from the minimum decay travel time to the maximum decay travel time.

[0068] Construct a filter bank based on the first quantity. Generate a filter bank H consisting of N filters. The i-th filter in filter bank H is related to the interval R. min The central value of +iΔR is R i Correspondingly. Specifically, the filter bank can be determined according to the following expression:

[0069]

[0070] Where H represents the filter bank, h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter bank, N represents the first number, f represents the frequency, and t i Represents filter h i The time corresponding to (t), Qi (t) represents t i The Q value corresponding to time φ represents the phase spectrum of the signal. In some optional implementations, h i The interval range corresponding to (t) is R. min +iΔR,R min ΔR represents the minimum attenuation travel time, and ΔR represents the preset increment. This ensures that the filter bank H continuously covers the Q-value variation throughout the entire time domain, thereby achieving accurate simulation of non-stationary filtering processes.

[0071] S106. A filter bank is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated.

[0072] A filter bank is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated: For each time point, according to the user-preset number of filters K, the K filters with the closest values ​​are selected, and interpolation is performed through weighting coefficients to generate the filtered seismic signal.

[0073] In some optional implementations, a filter bank is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated, which may specifically include:

[0074] Perform point-by-point filtering based on the following expression:

[0075]

[0076] Where y(t) represents the filtered data, x(t) represents the input seismic trace data, and h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter bank, a i (t) represents the weight of the i-th filter, and K(R(t)) represents the filter set consisting of K filters near the value of R(t). i Let represent the center value of the interval of the i-th filter, R(t) represent the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data, and σ represent the parameter controlling the width of the weight distribution. The weights a of the i-th filter are... i (t) and R(t) and R i The distance between them is negatively correlated, that is, the weights change with R(t) and R... i The increase is due to the decrease in the distance between them.

[0077] The seismic data processing method provided in this embodiment acquires the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and a time-varying Q-value model; determines the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model; calculates the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data; determines a first quantity based on the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times and a preset increment; constructs a filter bank, which includes the first quantity of filters and covers the entire time domain from the minimum to the maximum attenuation travel time; and uses the filter bank to perform point-by-point filtering processing on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated. Through attenuation travel time analysis and filter bank design, the continuous coverage characteristics of the filter bank can ensure a smooth transition of the filtering effect throughout the entire time domain, effectively reducing phase and amplitude errors during the filtering process, thereby significantly improving the imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of the seismic data.

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] The seismic data processing method of this embodiment can be applied to electronic devices with communication, computing, and data storage capabilities. The method provided in this application will be further described in detail below through a specific example. The seismic data processing method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Input the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the known time-varying Q-value model, and calculate the attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data:

[0081] R(t) = t / Q(t)

[0082] Where R(t) is the attenuation travel time function of a single seismic data, t represents the travel time of the seismic data, and Q(t) represents the Q-value model that varies with time.

[0083] Step 2: Calculate the minimum attenuation travel time R of the attenuation travel time function for single-channel seismic data. min Maximum attenuation travel time R max Based on the user-preset constant increment ΔR (ΔR is a user-preset parameter, a real number where 0 < ΔR < 1), a filter bank consisting of N filters is generated:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, H represents the generated filter bank, N represents the number of filters, and its value is (Rmax-Rmin) / ΔR rounded up. The range of R(t) is divided into N intervals, each interval being R. min +iΔR, the center value of the interval R i Corresponding to a filter h iWhere i is the filter index, from 1 to N. f represents the frequency, t i Represents filter h i The corresponding time, Q i (t) represents t i The Q value at time φ represents the phase spectrum of the signal. This ensures that the filter bank H continuously covers the Q value variation throughout the entire time domain, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the non-stationary filtering process.

[0086] Step 3: Using the filter bank designed above, perform point-by-point filtering on each input seismic trace: For each time point t, based on the user-preset number of filters K, select the K filters closest to the R(t) value, and interpolate using weighting coefficients to generate the filtered seismic signal:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, x(t) is the input seismic trace, h i Let (t) be the i-th filter in the filter bank, and K(R(t)) represent the set of filters near the value of R(t). i (t) represents the distance from R(t) to the center of each filter. i The interpolation weights obtained from the distance calculation vary with R(t) and R... i The distance between them decreases and increases, and σ is a parameter that controls the width of the weight distribution.

[0089] The method provided in this embodiment, compared to the traditional overlapping window method, effectively reduces phase and amplitude errors during the filtering process through attenuation travel time analysis and filter bank design. Particularly for time-varying Q-value models, the continuous coverage characteristics of the filter bank ensure a smooth transition of the filtering effect throughout the entire time domain, thereby significantly improving the imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of seismic data.

[0090] To illustrate the effectiveness of the method provided in this application, the method was used to process actual seismic data. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of post-stack seismic data to be compensated provided in one embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is the effect of applying actual seismic data. The figure shows actual post-stack seismic data for a certain work area. Due to the influence of earth absorption, there are obvious energy differences in the horizontal and vertical directions of the profile. Figure 2 The vertical axis represents time (ms), and the horizontal axis represents the number of channels. Figure 3 The method of this application is used to Figure 2 The diagram shows the effect of processing the data. Compared to... Figure 2 The original data shown Figure 3The horizontal and vertical resolution of seismic data has been significantly improved. Figure 3 The vertical axis represents time (ms), and the horizontal axis represents the number of channels.

[0091] Example 3:

[0092] Another embodiment of this application relates to a seismic data processing apparatus. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a seismic data processing apparatus provided in one embodiment of this application. The implementation details of the seismic data processing apparatus of this embodiment are described below. The following content is only for ease of understanding and is not essential for implementing this solution. Figure 4 As shown, the seismic data processing device provided in this embodiment may include: an acquisition module 401, a determination module 402, a statistics module 403, a calculation module 404, a construction module 405, and a processing module 406.

[0093] The acquisition module 401 is used to acquire the post-stack seismic data and time-varying Q-value model to be compensated;

[0094] The determination module 402 is used to determine the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model;

[0095] Statistical module 403 is used to calculate the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data.

[0096] Calculation module 404 is used to determine a first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and a preset increment;

[0097] Module 405 is used to construct a filter bank, which includes a first number of filters and covers the entire time domain from the minimum decay travel time to the maximum decay travel time.

[0098] The processing module 406 is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated using a filter bank.

[0099] The apparatus of this embodiment can be used to perform Figure 1 The technical solutions of the method embodiments shown are similar in principle and in effect, and will not be described again here.

[0100] In some optional implementations, the determining module 402 is used to determine the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model, which may specifically include:

[0101] The attenuation travel time function for single-channel seismic data is determined by the following expression:

[0102] R(t) = t / Q(t)

[0103] Where R(t) represents the attenuation travel time function of a single seismic data, t represents the travel time of the seismic data, and Q(t) represents the value of the time-varying Q-value model at time t.

[0104] In some optional implementations, the calculation module 404 is used to determine a first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and a preset increment, which may specifically include:

[0105] The first quantity is determined according to the following expression:

[0106]

[0107] Where N represents the first quantity, R max R represents the maximum decaying travel time. min ΔR represents the preset increment when the minimum decay travel time is indicated.

[0108] In some alternative implementations, the filter bank is determined according to the following expression:

[0109]

[0110] Where H represents the filter bank, h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter bank, N represents the first number, f represents the frequency, and t i Represents filter h i The time corresponding to (t), Q i (t) represents t i The Q value at time φ represents the phase spectrum of the signal.

[0111] In some alternative implementations, h i The interval range corresponding to (t) is R. min +iΔR,R min ΔR represents the preset increment when the minimum decay travel time is indicated.

[0112] In some optional implementations, the processing module 406 is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated using a filter bank, specifically including:

[0113] Perform point-by-point filtering based on the following expression:

[0114]

[0115] Where y(t) represents the filtered data, x(t) represents the input seismic trace data, and h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter bank, a i(t) represents the weight of the i-th filter, and K(R(t)) represents the filter set consisting of K filters near the value of R(t). i Let represent the center value of the interval of the i-th filter, R(t) represent the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data, and σ represent the parameter that controls the width of the weight distribution.

[0116] In some optional implementations, the weight a of the i-th filter i (t) and R(t) and R i The distance between them is negatively correlated.

[0117] It is worth mentioning that all modules involved in this embodiment are logical modules. In practical applications, a logical unit can be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or a combination of multiple physical units. Furthermore, to highlight the innovative aspects of this application, this embodiment does not introduce units that are not closely related to solving the technical problems proposed in this application; however, this does not mean that other units are absent in this embodiment.

[0118] Example 4:

[0119] Another embodiment of this application relates to an electronic device, as shown in FIG. X, comprising: at least one processor 501; and a memory 502 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 501; wherein the memory 502 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 501, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor 501 to enable the at least one processor 501 to perform the seismic data processing methods in the above embodiments.

[0120] The memory and processor are connected via a bus, which can include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, connecting various circuits of one or more processors and memories. The bus can also connect various other circuits, such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver can be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Data processed by the processor is transmitted over the wireless medium via an antenna, which further receives data and transmits it to the processor.

[0121] The processor manages the bus and general processing, and can also provide various functions, including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. The memory can be used to store data used by the processor during operation. The processor can include, but is not limited to, one or more processors or microprocessors. Each processor can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component to perform the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0122] Example 5:

[0123] Another embodiment of this application relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method embodiments. That is, those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0124] Computer-readable storage media may also store at least one computer-executable program / instruction, such as computer-readable instructions. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. Computer-readable storage media may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be connected to a computing device such as a computer, and then, when the computing device executes the computer-readable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the various methods described above can be performed.

[0125] In addition, the computer device may include (but is not limited to) a data bus, an input / output (I / O) bus, a display, and input / output devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, speakers, etc.).

[0126] The processor can communicate with external devices via the I / O bus through wired or wireless networks.

[0127] In one embodiment, the at least one computer-executable instruction may also be compiled into or comprise a software product / computer program product, wherein one or more computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to perform the steps of the various functions and / or methods in the embodiments described herein.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

[0129] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0130] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element limited by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0131] While the embodiments disclosed herein are as described above, the foregoing content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any person skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains may make any modifications and changes in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure; however, the scope of patent protection of this disclosure shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of seismic data processing, characterized by, include: Obtain the post-stack seismic data and time-varying Q-value model to be compensated; The attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data is determined based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model. The minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data are statistically analyzed. The first quantity is determined based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and the preset increment; Construct a filter bank, the filter bank comprising a first number of filters and covering the entire time domain from the minimum decay travel time to the maximum decay travel time; The filter bank is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model includes: The attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data is determined according to the following expression: R(t) = / tQ(t) Where R(t) represents the attenuation travel time function of a single seismic data, t represents the travel time of the seismic data, and Q(t) represents the value of the time-varying Q-value model at time t.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and a preset increment includes: The first quantity is determined according to the following expression: where N represents a first number, R max represents a maximum decay travel time, R min represents a minimum decay travel time, and ΔR represents a preset increment.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter bank is determined according to the following expression: where H denotes a filter bank, h i (t) denotes the i-th filter in the filter bank, N denotes the first quantity, f denotes the frequency, t i denotes the filter h i (t) corresponds to the time, Q i (t) denotes the Q value corresponding to t i at time t, and φ denotes the phase spectrum of the signal.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, h i (t) the corresponding interval range is R min +iΔR, R min denotes the minimum attenuation travel time, and ΔR denotes a preset increment.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The step of performing point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated using the filter bank includes: Perform point-by-point filtering based on the following expression: where y(t) represents the data obtained after filtering, x(t) represents the input seismic trace data, h i (t) represents the i-th filter in the filter set, a i (t) represents the weight of the i-th filter, K(R(t)) represents the filter set composed of K filters around the value of R(t), R i (t) represents the center value of the interval of the i-th filter, R(t) represents the attenuation travel time function of single-channel seismic data, and σ represents a parameter for controlling the width of the weight distribution.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, weight a of the i-th filter i (t) is negatively correlated with the distance between R(t) and R i (t) and R 8. A seismic data processing device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the post-stack seismic data and time-varying Q-value model to be compensated; The determination module is used to determine the attenuation travel time function of a single-channel seismic data based on the post-stack seismic data to be compensated and the time-varying Q-value model; The statistics module is used to calculate the minimum and maximum attenuation travel times of the attenuation travel time function of the single-channel seismic data. The calculation module is used to determine a first quantity based on the minimum attenuation travel time, the maximum attenuation travel time, and a preset increment; A construction module is used to construct a filter bank, the filter bank comprising a first number of filters and covering the entire time domain from the minimum decay travel time to the maximum decay travel time; The processing module is used to perform point-by-point filtering on each seismic trace in the post-stack seismic data to be compensated using the filter bank.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the seismic data processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the seismic data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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