Radio link failure (RLF) detection for underlying triggered mobility

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to radio link failure (RLF) detection for underlying triggered mobility. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that includes receiving at least one underlying triggered mobility (LTM) configuration message from a network node, the at least one LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring of an ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF), monitoring at least one beam from the network node based on the at least one timer configuration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Various example embodiments relate to the field of wireless communications, and more specifically, to low-layer triggered mobility (LTM) and / or radio link failure (RLF) detection for LTM. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wireless communications, Layer-1 (L1) / Layer-2 (L2) triggered mobility can relate to mobility management concepts in cellular networks, which may include cell handover processes where the serving cell of a device (e.g., a user equipment (UE)) can be switched to, for example, a candidate cell or a target cell. This may include a device (e.g., a UE) performing and / or reporting measurements on the target cell, which can be configured via the network. For example, reducing and / or minimizing data interruptions (e.g., caused and / or affected by radio link failures (RLFs)) during cell handover processes can be beneficial. LTM processes may rely on specific indicators, operations, and / or parameters that affect, complicate, and / or impair the utilization of existing technologies or processes. For example, there may be situations where existing solutions or mechanisms are neither applicable nor compatible with LTM measurements and / or LTM processes. Providing and / or improving RLF detection for TLM processes can be beneficial, for example, by improving mobility management and / or at least partially reducing interruptions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The subject matter of the independent claims is provided for several aspects. Additional aspects, advantages, and / or features are defined in the dependent claims, the description, and / or the drawings.

[0004] In a first example aspect, an apparatus may be provided, the apparatus comprising: At least one processor; and At least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the device to perform at least the following: Receive at least one Low-Level Triggered Mobility (LTM) configuration message from the network node. This LTM configuration message includes at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending Radio Link Failure (RLF). At least one beam from a network node is monitored based on at least one timer configuration.

[0005] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0006] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one condition specifying when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration will be started.

[0007] In an example embodiment of a first example aspect, which may be referred to as a first example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication indicating a requirement for the use of at least one timer configuration.

[0008] In an example embodiment of a second example embodiment, which may be referred to as the first example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies which event at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0009] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indicator designates at least a first beam of a target cell and at least a second beam of a serving cell, and at least one timer configuration will be used for at least the first beam and at least the second beam.

[0010] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies at least a requirement for a transmission, the transmission being the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to a network node.

[0011] In an example embodiment of a third example embodiment that may be referred to as the first example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

[0012] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a first example aspect and / or a third example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node.

[0013] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a first example aspect and / or a third example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

[0014] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates the initiation of an early timing advance (TA) acquisition, and at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0015] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of the following: - Receiving the Target Cell Identifier (TCI) status activation command, or - Activation of TCI status.

[0016] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on a user equipment (UE)-TA estimate.

[0017] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the reception of a PDCCH command for early TA acquisition.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the exemplary embodiments of the first exemplary aspect described herein and / or the associated exemplary embodiments, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: It is at least partially based on at least one timer configuration. Detecting ongoing or impending RLF, and Start at least one timer.

[0019] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0020] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one condition indicates that an RLF is in progress or is about to occur based on at least one of the following: - At least one beam failure targeting a network node was detected. - Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting a network node has been detected. - Determine if another timer is running, and / or - The expiration of at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration.

[0021] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the apparatus is a user equipment (UE), or wherein the apparatus is included in a UE.

[0022] Furthermore, specifically, according to the first example aspect, an apparatus may be provided that includes components for: Receive at least one Low-Level Triggered Mobility (LTM) configuration message from the network node. This LTM configuration message includes at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending Radio Link Failure (RLF). Based on at least one timer configuration, monitor at least one beam from network nodes.

[0023] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0024] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one condition specifying when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration will be started.

[0025] In an example embodiment of a first example aspect, which may be referred to as a first example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication indicating a requirement for the use of at least one timer configuration.

[0026] In an example embodiment of a second example embodiment, which may be referred to as the first example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies which event at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0027] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indicator designates at least a first beam of a target cell and at least a second beam of a serving cell, and at least one timer configuration will be used for at least the first beam and at least the second beam.

[0028] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies at least a requirement for a transmission, the transmission being the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to a network node.

[0029] In an example embodiment of a third example embodiment that may be referred to as the first example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

[0030] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a first example aspect and / or a third example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node.

[0031] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a first example aspect and / or a third example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

[0032] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates the initiation of an early timing advance (TA) acquisition, and at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0033] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of the following: - Receiving the Target Cell Identifier (TCI) status activation command, or - Activation of TCI status.

[0034] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on a user equipment (UE)-TA estimate.

[0035] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the reception of a PDCCH command for early TA acquisition.

[0036] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect described herein and / or associated example embodiments, wherein components are configured to: It is at least partially based on at least one timer configuration. Detecting ongoing or impending RLF, and Start at least one timer.

[0037] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0038] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one condition indicates that an RLF is in progress or is about to occur based on at least one of the following: - At least one beam failure targeting a network node was detected. - Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting a network node has been detected. - Determine if another timer is running, and / or - The expiration of at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration.

[0039] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the apparatus is a user equipment (UE), or wherein the apparatus is included in a UE.

[0040] In the second example, a method may be provided that includes: Receive at least one Low-Level Triggered Mobility (LTM) configuration message from the network node. This LTM configuration message includes at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending Radio Link Failure (RLF). Based on at least one timer configuration, monitor at least one beam from network nodes.

[0041] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to a second example aspect described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0042] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one condition specifying when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration will be started.

[0043] In an example embodiment of the first example embodiment, which may be referred to as the second example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication indicating a requirement for the use of at least one timer configuration.

[0044] In an example embodiment of a second example embodiment, which may be referred to as a second example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies which event at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0045] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect, wherein at least one indication designates at least a first beam of the target cell and at least a second beam of the serving cell, and at least one timer configuration will be used for at least the first beam and at least the second beam.

[0046] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the second example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect, wherein at least one indication specifies at least a requirement for a transmission, the transmission being the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to a network node.

[0047] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the second example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

[0048] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to a second example aspect and / or a third example embodiment of the second example aspect described herein, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node.

[0049] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to a second example aspect and / or a third example embodiment of the second example aspect described herein, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

[0050] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the second example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect, wherein at least one indication indicates the initiation of an early timing advance (TA) acquisition, and at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0051] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of the following: - Receiving the Target Cell Identifier (TCI) status activation command, or - Activation of TCI status.

[0052] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the second example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on a user equipment (UE)-TA estimate.

[0053] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the second example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the second example aspect, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the reception of a PDCCH command for early TA acquisition.

[0054] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein components are configured to: It is at least partially based on at least one timer configuration. Detecting ongoing or impending RLF, and Start at least one timer.

[0055] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the second example aspect described herein and / or the associated example embodiments, wherein the message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0056] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the second example aspect described herein and / or associated example embodiments, wherein at least one condition indicates that an RLF is in progress or is about to occur based on at least one of the following: - At least one beam failure targeting a network node was detected. - Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting a network node has been detected. - Determine if another timer is running, and / or - The expiration of at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration.

[0057] In a third example aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the first example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes process instructions that, when executed by a device, cause operations including: Receive at least one Low-Level Triggered Mobility (LTM) configuration message from the network node. This LTM configuration message includes at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending Radio Link Failure (RLF). Based on at least one timer configuration, monitor at least one beam from network nodes.

[0058] The third example aspect may also include one or more steps and / or features of the method, and / or any example embodiment of the associated example embodiments described in the second example aspect.

[0059] In the fourth example aspect, an apparatus may be provided, the apparatus comprising: At least one processor; and At least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the device to perform at least the following: Reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell are measured on the corresponding beams associated with at least one timer configuration, where the timer configuration specifies when a radio link failure (RLF) is in progress or about to occur. Based on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, a measurement report is sent to the network nodes, which includes at least one indication indicating that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0060] In an example embodiment of the first example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0061] In an example embodiment of the second example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer has been started.

[0062] In an example embodiment of the third example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: At least one timer is started, based at least in part on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0063] In an example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment, the second example embodiment, and / or the third example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one timer is started at the time of sending a measurement report.

[0064] In an example embodiment of the fifth example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the measurement report is a Layer 1 Triggered Mobility (LTM) measurement report or a Layer 1 measurement report.

[0065] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or the first to fifth example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein at least one timer is configured to indicate that at least one timer will be applied to at least one beam or at least one beam pair.

[0066] In an example embodiment of the sixth example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: The signal strength of at least one first reference signal measured on the first beam of the serving cell is compared with the signal strength of at least one second reference signal measured on the second beam of the target cell.

[0067] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the seventh example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to the fourth example aspect and / or the sixth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: The signal strength of at least one second reference signal on the second beam of the target cell is determined to be greater than the signal strength of at least one first reference signal on the first beam of the serving cell.

[0068] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or the sixth example embodiment and / or the seventh example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: The measurement report provides additional instructions indicating the measurement results of comparing the signal strength of at least one second reference signal with the signal strength of at least one first reference signal.

[0069] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the ninth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein and / or the first to eighth example embodiments of the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: Based on the receipt of at least one cell handover command from a network node, stop at least one timer.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a fourth exemplary aspect and / or a ninth exemplary embodiment of the fourth exemplary aspect described herein, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: Based on receiving at least one cell handover command from a network node, initiate at least one LTM cell handover process.

[0071] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the tenth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein and / or the first to eighth example embodiments of the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least: Determine that at least one timer expires before the receipt of at least one cell handover command from the network node.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a fourth exemplary aspect and / or a tenth exemplary embodiment of the fourth exemplary aspect described herein, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least partially perform: Based on the expiration of at least one timer, initiate at least one of the following: a rebuild process or an LTM recovery process.

[0073] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein determining that an RLF is in progress or about to occur is based on at least one of the following: - At least one beam failure targeting a network node was detected. - Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting a network node is detected to be in progress, and / or - Confirm that another timer is running.

[0074] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the apparatus is a user equipment (UE), or wherein the apparatus is included in a UE.

[0075] Furthermore, specifically, according to the fourth example aspect, an apparatus may be provided that includes components for: Reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell are measured on the corresponding beams associated with at least one timer configuration, where the timer configuration specifies when a radio link failure (RLF) is in progress or about to occur. Based on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, a measurement report is sent to the network nodes, which includes at least one indication indicating that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0076] In an example embodiment of the first example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0077] In an example embodiment of the second example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer has been started.

[0078] In an example embodiment of the third example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or the first example embodiment and / or the second example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein the components are configured for: At least one timer is started, based at least in part on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0079] In an example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment, the second example embodiment, and / or the third example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, wherein at least one timer is started at the time of sending a measurement report.

[0080] In an example embodiment of the fifth example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the measurement report is a Layer 1 Triggered Mobility (LTM) measurement report or a Layer 1 measurement report.

[0081] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or the first to fifth example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein at least one timer is configured to indicate that at least one timer will be applied to at least one beam or at least one beam pair.

[0082] In an example embodiment of the sixth example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the components are configured to: The signal strength of at least one first reference signal measured on the first beam of the serving cell is compared with the strength of at least one second reference signal measured on the second beam of the target cell.

[0083] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, a device is provided, specifically, according to the fourth example aspect and / or the sixth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein the components are configured to: The signal strength of at least one second reference signal on the second beam of the target cell is determined to be greater than the signal strength of at least one first reference signal on the first beam of the serving cell.

[0084] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or the sixth example embodiment and / or the seventh example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein the components are configured to: The measurement report provides additional instructions indicating the measurement results of comparing the signal strength of at least one second reference signal with the signal strength of at least one first reference signal.

[0085] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the ninth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or the first to eighth example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein the components are configured to: Based on the receipt of at least one cell handover command from a network node, stop at least one timer.

[0086] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a fourth example aspect and / or a ninth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein components are configured for: Based on receiving at least one cell handover command from a network node, initiate at least one LTM cell handover process.

[0087] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fourth example aspect, a device is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or the first to eighth example embodiments of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein the components are configured to: Determine that at least one timer expires before the receipt of at least one cell handover command from the network node.

[0088] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to a fourth example aspect and / or a tenth example embodiment of the fourth example aspect described herein, wherein components are configured to: Based on the expiration of at least one timer, initiate at least one of the following: a rebuild process or an LTM recovery process.

[0089] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein determining that an RLF is in progress or about to occur is based on at least one of the following: - At least one beam failure targeting a network node was detected. - Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting a network node is detected to be in progress, and / or - Confirm that another timer is running.

[0090] In an example embodiment, an apparatus is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the apparatus is a user equipment (UE), or wherein the apparatus is included in a UE.

[0091] In the fifth example, a method may be provided that includes: Reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell are measured on the corresponding beams associated with at least one timer configuration, where the timer configuration specifies when a radio link failure (RLF) is in progress or about to occur. Based on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, a measurement report is transmitted to the network node, which includes at least one indication indicating that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0092] In an example embodiment of the first example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to the fifth example aspect, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0093] In an example embodiment of the second example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fifth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer has been started.

[0094] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the fifth example aspect and / or the first example embodiment and / or the second example embodiment of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the components are configured to: At least one timer is started, based at least in part on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0095] In an example embodiment of the fourth example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fifth example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment, the second example embodiment, and / or the third example embodiment of the fifth example aspect, wherein at least one timer is started at the time of sending a measurement report.

[0096] In an example embodiment of the fifth example aspect, which may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fifth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the measurement report is a Layer 1 Triggered Mobility (LTM) measurement report or a Layer 1 measurement report.

[0097] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fifth example aspect described herein and / or the first to fifth example embodiments of the fifth example aspect, wherein at least one timer configuration indicates that at least one timer will be applied to at least one beam or at least one beam pair.

[0098] In an example embodiment of a sixth example embodiment, which may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any of the fifth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the method includes: The signal strength of at least one first reference signal measured on the first beam of the serving cell is compared with the strength of at least one second reference signal measured on the second beam of the target cell.

[0099] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to the fifth example aspect and / or the sixth example embodiment of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the method includes: The signal strength of at least one second reference signal on the second beam of the target cell is determined to be greater than the signal strength of at least one first reference signal on the first beam of the serving cell.

[0100] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, an eighth example embodiment is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fifth example aspect and / or the sixth example embodiment and / or the seventh example embodiment of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the method includes: The measurement report provides additional instructions indicating the measurement results of comparing the signal strength of at least one second reference signal with the signal strength of at least one first reference signal.

[0101] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the ninth example embodiment of the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fifth example aspect and / or the first to eighth example embodiments of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the method includes: Based on the receipt of at least one cell handover command from a network node, stop at least one timer.

[0102] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to the fifth example aspect and / or the ninth example embodiment of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the method includes: Based on receiving at least one cell handover command from a network node, initiate at least one LTM cell handover process.

[0103] In an example embodiment that may be referred to as the fifth example aspect, a method is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the fifth example aspect and / or the first to eighth example embodiments of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the method includes: Determine that at least one timer expires before the receipt of at least one cell handover command from the network node.

[0104] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to the fifth example aspect and / or the tenth example embodiment of the fifth example aspect described herein, wherein the method includes: Based on the expiration of at least one timer, initiate at least one of the following: a rebuild process or an LTM recovery process.

[0105] In an example embodiment, a method is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fifth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein determining that an RLF is in progress or about to occur is based on at least one of the following: - At least one beam failure targeting a network node was detected. - Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting a network node is detected to be in progress, and / or - Confirm that another timer is running.

[0106] In a sixth example aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the fourth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, the non-transitory computer-readable medium includes process instructions that, when executed by a device, cause operations including: Reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell are measured on the corresponding beams associated with at least one timer configuration, where the timer configuration specifies when a radio link failure (RLF) is in progress or about to occur. Based on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, a measurement report is sent to the network nodes, which includes at least one indication indicating that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0107] The sixth example aspect may also include one or more steps and / or features of the method, and / or any of the example embodiments in the associated example embodiments described in the fifth example aspect.

[0108] In the seventh example aspect, specifically, in conjunction with any example aspect of the example aspects described herein and / or any example embodiment of the associated example embodiments, a signal or electronic carrier having embedded data encoded according to an encoding process comprising: Provide at least one underlying triggered mobility (LTM) configuration message, the at least one LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF).

[0109] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to the seventh example aspect described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0110] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one condition specifying when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration will be started.

[0111] In an example embodiment of the first example embodiment, which may be referred to as the seventh example aspect, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication indicating a requirement for the use of at least one timer configuration.

[0112] In an example embodiment of the second example embodiment, which may be referred to as the seventh example aspect, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies which event at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0113] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indicator designates at least a first beam of the target cell and at least a second beam of the serving cell, and at least one timer configuration will be used for at least the first beam and at least the second beam.

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the exemplary embodiments of the seventh exemplary aspect and / or the first exemplary embodiment of the seventh exemplary aspect and / or the second exemplary embodiment of the seventh exemplary aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies at least a requirement for a transmission, the transmission being the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to a network node.

[0115] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

[0116] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, and the preceding example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node.

[0117] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, and the preceding example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

[0118] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, wherein at least one indication indicates the initiation of an acquisition based on early timing advance (TA), and at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any of the exemplary embodiments of the seventh exemplary aspect and / or the first exemplary embodiment and / or the second exemplary embodiment of the seventh exemplary aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of the following: - Receiving the Target Cell Identifier (TCI) status activation command, or - Activation of TCI status.

[0120] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect described herein and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on a user equipment (UE)-TA estimate.

[0121] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any one of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect and / or the first example embodiment of the seventh example aspect and / or the second example embodiment of the seventh example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates the reception of a PDCCH command based on early TA acquisition, and at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0122] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the seventh example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0123] In the eighth example aspect, specifically, in conjunction with any example aspect of the example aspects described herein and / or any example embodiment of the associated example embodiments, a signal or electronic carrier having embedded data encoded according to an encoding process including: Provide a measurement report, which includes at least one indication that the RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0124] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to the eighth example aspect described herein, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer has been started.

[0125] In the example embodiments, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any of the example embodiments of the eighth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the measurement report is a Layer 1 Triggered Mobility (LTM) measurement report or a Layer 1 measurement report.

[0126] In an example embodiment, a signal or electronic carrier is provided, specifically, according to any example embodiment of the eighth example aspect and / or associated example embodiments described herein, wherein the encoding process includes: The measurement report provides an additional indication of the measurement results, which specifies the comparison between the signal strength of at least one second reference signal from the second beam of the target cell and the signal strength of at least one first reference signal from the first beam of the serving cell. Attached Figure Description

[0127] Some exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0128] In the remainder of this specification, including references to the accompanying drawings, a full and advantageous disclosure that is readily apparent to those skilled in the art is set forth in particular, wherein: Figure 1 Example signaling according to the subject matter described herein is shown, wherein a device (e.g., a UE) receives or is configured with at least one timer configuration; Figure 2 Example signaling is shown in accordance with the subject matter described herein, in which a device (e.g., a UE) sends a measurement report; Figure 3 Example signaling based on the subject matter described herein is shown, specifically, an exemplary cell change scenario from cell 1 to cell 2; Figure 4 Example signaling based on the subject matter described herein is shown, specifically, an exemplary cell change scenario from cell 1 to cell 2; Figure 5 Example signaling according to the subject matter described herein is shown, wherein a device (e.g., a UE) receives or is configured with at least one timer configuration; Figure 6 Example signaling is shown in accordance with the subject matter described herein, in which a device (e.g., a UE) sends a measurement report; Figure 7 Example signaling based on the subject matter described herein is shown, specifically, an exemplary cell change scenario from cell 1 to cell 2; Figure 8 Example signaling based on the subject matter described herein is shown, specifically, an exemplary cell change scenario from cell 1 to cell 2; Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating an example aspect of the topic described in this article is shown; and Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating an example aspect of the topic described in this article is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0129] Reference will now be made specifically to various embodiments, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Throughout the following description of the drawings, the same reference numerals may refer to the same components. Generally, only differences relative to the various embodiments may be described. Each example is provided by way of explanation but is not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, features illustrated or described as one embodiment may be used on or in combination with other embodiments to produce further embodiments. This specification is intended to include such modifications and variations.

[0130] The accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams not drawn to scale. Some elements in the drawings may have exaggerated dimensions for the purpose of highlighting aspects of this disclosure and / or for clarity of presentation.

[0131] "Layer-Triggered Mobility" (LTM) or "Layer 1 (L1) / Layer 2 (L2) Triggered Mobility" can refer to a mobility process, for example, in a cellular network, initiated based on events and / or measurements detected at lower layers of the protocol stack (e.g., the physical layer or Layer 1 and / or the data link layer or Layer 2, etc.). LTM can provide mechanisms (e.g., for network nodes and user equipment (UE)) to address mobility needs, thereby complementing mobility processes at higher layers (e.g., Layer 3 or Radio Resource Control (RRC)). LTM can include cell handover procedures, whereby the UE's serving cell (e.g., primary cell (PCell) or secondary cell (SCell)) can be handed over, for example by a network node, or by sending a message (e.g., an LTM cell handover command). LTM cell handover decisions can be based on measurements (e.g., L1 measurements) that can be performed and / or reported by the UE (e.g., via a corresponding L1 measurement report). Measurements and / or reports may be based on LTM configurations, such as those provided by network nodes, for one or more LTM candidate (or target) cells. LTM candidate or target cells may be neighboring cells or the UE's current serving cell (e.g., multiple SCells).

[0132] L1 (Layer 1) measurements can include physical layer measurements to evaluate radio conditions. These measurements may involve evaluating signal strength, quality, and / or other parameters, such as those of a reference signal transmitted by a network node using one or more beams. L1 measurements can be used for mobility management, such as handover, beam management, and / or connection re-establishment. To select suitable candidate cells and / or beams, for example, for early uplink and / or downlink synchronization and / or cell transitions in LTM, intra-frequency L1 measurements and / or inter-frequency L1 measurements, such as those transmitted using synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) from candidate cells, can be supported or utilized. Intra-frequency L1 measurements can refer to measurements performed on a reference signal, such as a reference signal transmitted on the same carrier frequency as the serving cell, which can be used, for example, to evaluate the signal quality of the serving cell. Inter-frequency L1 measurements can refer to measurements performed on a reference signal, such as a reference signal transmitted on a frequency different from the carrier frequency of the serving cell, which can be used, for example, to evaluate the signal quality of cells or beams operating on different frequency layers. The reference signal used for L1 measurements can include a synchronization signal block (SSB).

[0133] A “synchronization signal block” or “SSB” can be considered as an element, component, or signaling that can be used in wireless communications, such as, for example, 5G New Radio (NR) or it can be at least a part of signaling. An SSB can provide signals, channels, elements, and / or information that enable a device (e.g., a UE) to specifically and initially connect to and / or maintain synchronization with a network node, thereby allowing the UE to communicate effectively over the network. At least one SSB can be part of signaling in which multiple SSBs are transmitted, for example, one after another, sequentially, continuously, and / or periodically. For example, signaling may include at least a first SSB and at least a second SSB that may be transmitted, for example, after (e.g., promptly) the first SSB. This can also be referred to as a sequence or series of SSBs. Each SSB may include a synchronization signal (SS), also referred to as a “primary synchronization signal” (PSS) and a “secondary synchronization signal” (SSS). The PSS can allow the UE to detect and / or identify the presence of a cell. The PSS can provide coarse synchronization in terms of timing and frequency. After the UE detects the PSS, it can use the SSS to obtain finer synchronization, thereby determining more specific timing and frequency alignment. The SSS can assist the UE in identifying a specific cell ID, for example, along with the PSS. In the example, the PSS may be located in or included in the first OFDM symbol of the SSB, occupying a specific / defined subcarrier therein. In the example, the SSS may be located in or included in the third OFDM symbol of the SSB, occupying a specific / defined subcarrier therein. The SSB described herein may include (e.g., in addition to synchronization signals) at least one "Physical Broadcast Channel" (PBCH). The PBCH may span a single symbol or multiple symbols and / or multiple subcarriers in the SSB.

[0134] For L1 measurements, the L1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) can be used as a measurement quantity. For example, for each prepared candidate cell, the network node can provide configuration information about the SSB for the UE to measure, for example. One or more measurement reference signal (RS) sets can be used. The measurement RS set can guide, for example, which RS the UE measures and / or which cells / beams it is interested in. The measurement RS set may include, for example, one or more SSB indices to be measured from one or more candidate cells (e.g., identifying the SSB to be measured); these one or more SSB indices can be provided to the UE. This configuration can be provided in the LTM configuration, for example, independent of any candidate or current source cell configuration, so that the configuration can be used in multiple cell transitions. Furthermore, reporting can be used and / or activated to trigger the UE to perform measurements. For LTM, similar to the serving cell CSI measurement report, different types of L1 reports can be enabled, including: periodic reports (e.g., L1 measurement reports sent at defined / fixed intervals, for example, for periodic updates, such as when conditions change), semi-persistent reports (e.g., reports can be sent periodically but less frequently, for example, they can be triggered based on predefined events and / or conditions, for example, to reduce overhead), and periodic reports (e.g., they can be triggered dynamically, such as when a specific event and / or condition occurs).

[0135] Report configuration sets can be provided within the corresponding configuration for each cell, for example, because the report configuration can include details of the uplink resources for a specific cell to send the report, specifically when the report is configured to, for example, be sent on the uplink control channel using pre-configured resources. For example, if the report is sent on the uplink control channel, the cell may need to allocate (e.g., pre-configured) uplink resources (e.g., the Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH) for the UE to send the report. The report configuration can also include references to a set of measurement RSs, such as the set of measurement RSs located in the LTM configuration considered for measurement. Details of the report content can include multiple candidate cells (L) and multiple SSBs, such as each candidate cell (M) to be reported based on the measurements performed by the UE. In each LTM report, the UE can send MxL measurements (e.g., L1-RSRP values), where the supported values ​​for each M and L can be {1, 2, 3, 4}. The reporting format can follow the beam management reporting format, where the largest L1-RSRP is reported as a 7-bit absolute value, and other L1-RSRPs are reported using 4-bit differential values. The measurement RS set can be prepared by the control unit (CU) of the distributed unit (DU) of the control source and / or candidate cells. The measurement RS set can be sent to each candidate and source cell, for example, to prepare a cell-specific reporting configuration. These configurations can then be sent back to the CU, which can add the configuration to the complete LTM RRC reconfiguration and send the complete LTM RRC reconfiguration to the UE.

[0136] Low-level triggered mobility (LTM) can include or define reporting events, such as LTM2, LTM3, LTM4, and LTM5 events. These events can define specific conditions, events, and / or scenarios under which the UE can send one or more measurement reports, for example, to assist mobility decisions. These events can be tied to measurements of Layer 1 (L1) parameters (such as L1-RRP) and can be used for handover and / or mobility management. Below is a non-limiting list of example LTM reporting events, such as at least one radio link or at least one beam becoming worse or degraded. It should be noted that other events are also conceivable. - LTM2 event: This event can occur, for example, when the signal strength of the serving cell's beam is below or becomes below a threshold (e.g., an absolute threshold); - LTM3 event: For example, this event can occur when the signal strength of the beam of a candidate or target cell becomes better or stronger than the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell; - LTM4 event: This event can occur, for example, when the signal strength of a candidate or target cell's beam becomes better than a threshold (e.g., an absolute threshold); - LTM5 event: This event can occur, for example, when the signal strength of the serving cell's beam becomes worse than (e.g., an absolute) threshold, and the signal strength of the candidate or target cell's beam becomes better than another threshold (e.g., an absolute threshold).

[0137] An "LTM configuration message" can be understood as at least one message from a network node for configuring an apparatus (e.g., a user equipment (UE)) for one or more parts or steps of an LTM and / or LMT process (e.g., LTM cell switching). LTM messages may include, for example, data, information, configurations, parameters, and / or instructions for the UE, such as to perform and / or trigger mobility-related measurements and / or reports. As described herein, LTM configuration messages can configure a UE for early radio link failure and / or early RLF detection, specifically for early radio link failure detection at the beam level.

[0138] A “Radio Link Failure” (RLF) can refer to the condition, state, and / or status of a link (e.g., a communication link, beam, or radio link) between two parties (e.g., two devices, such as a user equipment (UE) and a network node (e.g., its serving cell)) where the link becomes unstable, volatile, instable, fragile, deteriorates (e.g., becomes worse in quality), and / or fails or is about to fail. RLF can also refer to a situation where the connection (e.g., partially or completely) provided by the link cannot be maintained. The occurrence of an RLF can result in the loss of (multiple) services, (multiple) functions, and / or the connection itself. RLF can be caused by: low signal strength, such as moving out of coverage or cell boundaries; high interference, such as due to other devices; hardware failure, such as a UE or network node; network congestion, such as due to environmental factors (e.g., (multiple) obstacles and / or weather) causing resource unavailability and / or poor link quality.

[0139] "Early RLF" can correspond to a situation where an RLF is "about to occur," for example, when it is determined, detected, monitored, identified, and / or noticed that the radio link is deteriorating and is likely or about to fail. This can be referred to as an impending RLF, a looming RLF, an upcoming RLF, a near-coming RLF, a potential RLF, and / or an imminent RLF—or simply an early RLF (these terms are used interchangeably herein). In other words, the link may have deteriorated to the point where it can no longer support reliable communication. Determining that an RLF is about to occur can be performed by a device (e.g., a UE). For example, a UE can monitor, observe, observe, measure, supervise, and / or track the radio link to determine and / or detect an impending RLF. By identifying such warning signals early, the UE and / or network nodes can take proactive measures to avoid a complete link / connectivity failure. As mentioned above, determining an early RLF can include determining that an initially good radio link is deteriorating, but it can also include situations where it can be determined that an RLF is (still) in progress, such as when the radio condition remains in that deteriorating state and has not yet improved significantly and / or even deteriorated further.

[0140] There are several methods for determining RLF. For example, specifically, the UE can continuously monitor, for example, the quality of the radio link and / or radio signal. The UE can perform: i) signal quality measurements, which include measuring the strength of at least one signal, specifically the strength of at least one reference signal (reference signal received power, "RSRP"), which can be based on a threshold; for example, if the RSRP is below a predefined threshold, the UE can consider the link to be at risk of failure. The UE can measure the signal quality relative to noise and / or interference (reference signal received quality, "RSRQ"); for example, a sharp drop in RSRQ can indicate deteriorating link conditions and an impending RLF. The UE can determine: ii) error rate and / or decoding failures, which include block error rate (BLER), for example, tracking the error rate in received data blocks, which can be based on a threshold; for example, a high BLER can indicate that the link has become unreliable; HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) retransmissions; for example, the UE can monitor the number of retransmissions required for successful data decoding, where frequent and / or excessive retransmissions can indicate link degradation. The UE can determine: iii) Timing advance (TA) drift, such as large and / or frequent changes in the TA value, which can indicate problems with signal propagation and / or link quality, thus signaling a potential RLF. The UE can determine: iv) Synchronization loss, for example, since the UE can maintain synchronization with the base station for both uplink and / or downlink transmissions, the UE can declare an out-of-synchronization (OoS) condition if, for example, it fails to decode a critical reference signal on a specific consecutive subframe. The UE can determine: v) Physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission failure, such as failure to send acknowledgments, control information, and / or scheduling requests, which can indicate uplink instability. The UE can determine: vi) Handover failure, for example, if the UE cannot successfully hand over to a stronger neighboring cell during signal deterioration, the UE may face an impending RLF. The UE can determine: vii) Interference, for example, the UE can detect an increase in inter-cell and / or intra-cell interference levels, which can degrade signal quality and / or lead to an RLF. In other words, the UE can monitor one or more parameters as described above, and when these metrics exceed, for example, predefined thresholds, the UE can predict that a link failure is imminent. The UE can also combine one or more of the indicators i)-vii) above to provide more robust / reliable detection of impending RLF. Upon detecting an impending RLF (i.e., the link is degrading and / or nearing failure), the UE can take proactive action by initiating a request to prevent total link loss and / or ensure the robust connectivity described herein.

[0141] A network, or "network node," or base station can correspond to a device or element (specifically, a functional element) in a mobile or cellular network responsible for managing wireless communications with another device (e.g., a UE) and / or processing control plane (CP) and / or user plane (UP) operations / functions. In a non-limiting example, a fifth-generation (5G) network node can be referred to as a gNodeB (gNB), which may include a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may manage control plane signaling and / or higher-level functions, such as radio resource control (RRC), and the DU may process lower-level functions and / or user plane data, such as data closer to the radio interface. A network node may be divided into and / or include different cells, specifically a serving cell, specifically at least one first cell, and at least one second cell. The first cell may be considered, (specifically, currently) (e.g., establishing and / or maintaining a connection to the UE) the serving cell and / or the primary or main serving cell. In a non-limiting example of 5G, at least one first cell may correspond to at least one primary cell (PCell), which can handle CP-related functions and / or CP-related function bindings, such as initial connection setup, e.g., RRC protocol, processing signaling messages, mobility management (e.g., handover), and / or radio resource management. A second cell may be considered, for example, an additional cell besides at least one first cell, for example to enhance connectivity and / or data throughput. At least one second cell can be used for data transmission. In a non-limiting example of 5G, at least one second cell may correspond to at least one secondary cell (SCell) used for user plane data transmission, for example to increase throughput and / or capacity.

[0142] A "timer configuration" can be viewed as settings, configurations, parameters, and / or configurations for LTM procedures that can be used by the UE, such as for early RLF detection, determining whether an RLF is about to occur or is in progress, as mentioned above. The timer configuration can control and / or indicate the duration for UE detection of specific conditions, such as Radio Link Problems (RLP) or early RLF. The timer configuration may include at least one timer, such as a T31x timer, indicating a time period, time window, time slot, and / or duration for monitoring ongoing or impending RLFs. The timer configuration may also include one or more timer parameters, such as start time, stop time, duration, and / or one or more expiration criteria. At least one timer configuration, specifically at least one timer can be an LTM-specific timer configuration, specifically an LTM-specific timer, for example, that will be used at least during one or more (or all) portions of an LTM procedure (e.g., an LTM cell transition procedure). The timer configuration can be prepared, specified, and / or provided by the network node. At least one timer can enable the UE and network to take action before severe link degradation leads to connection loss. By addressing issues within the timer's duration, unnecessary signaling or rebuilds can be avoided. At least one timer can be used during the LTM process, for example, to provide a framework for time-limited monitoring, reporting, and / or recovery.

[0143] At least one timer configuration may include at least one condition specifying when an RLF is in progress or about to occur. At least one condition may define, specify, and / or indicate one or more criteria, parameters, and / or states when an RLF is considered to exist, be anticipated, be near, be declared, be likely to occur or continue, be in progress, or be currently occurring. At least one condition may also indicate and / or specify when at least one timer associated with and / or included in at least one timer configuration will be started and / or triggered. At least one condition may be used to classify, declare, identify, and / or categorize poor radio link quality, early RLFs, and / or ongoing RLFs. At least one condition may indicate or declare that an RLF is in progress or is about to occur based on at least one of the following: i) detecting a failure of at least one beam for a network node, where such failure may be due to poor signal quality, interference, etc., which may indicate that the communication link between the UE and the network is compromised; ii) detecting that recovery from the failure of at least one beam for a network node is in progress, for example, referring to an ongoing process of recovery from the failure of one or more beams, which indicates that the link is unstable; iii) determining that another timer is running or active, for example, which may suggest that the network is in a transition or recovery state, which may affect the timing and / or urgency of the action required to prevent an RLF; and / or iv) based on the expiration of at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration.

[0144] Additionally or alternatively, at least one timer configuration may include at least one indication specifying the usage requirements of one or more of the elements, parts, components, and / or components included in the timer configuration. In other words, the indication may indicate when the following will be used or applied: i) the entire timer configuration, or ii) one or more of the elements, parts, components, and / or components of the timer configuration, such as at least one timer, at least one condition, etc. Therefore, when referring to “timer configuration,” it may correspondingly / appropriately refer to the preceding cases i) and / or ii). At least one indication may indicate which events(s), conditions(s), instances(s), and / or criteria(s) at least one timer configuration will be applied to, or is applicable to / can be used with. In other words, the indication may specify certain situations in which the timer configuration should be used.

[0145] The device (e.g., UE) may perform a step of determining at least one of the following based on at least one LTM configuration message: - At least one timer configuration (e.g., as a whole), and / or one or more of its parts, elements, and / or components. - At least one timer indicating the time period for monitoring ongoing or impending RLFs. - Specify at least one condition that indicates when the RLF is in progress or about to occur, and / or - At least one indication indicating the usage requirements of at least one timer configuration.

[0146] As mentioned herein, an "indication" can be included or encoded in, for example, an LTM configuration message and / or a measurement report, specifically as described herein, an underlying triggered mobility (LTM) measurement report or an L1 measurement report, using, for example, one or more bits of flags, indicators, identifiers and / or pointers.

[0147] The indication can be an explicit indication, for example, one that can be directly read or retrieved by a device (e.g., a UE). Additionally or alternatively, the indication can correspond to: data / information used to determine, deduce, and / or derive the indication, such as an implicit indication. For example, "determining an indication" based on at least one timer configuration can therefore be understood as: i) accessing, reading, and / or retrieving the indication directly from at least one timer configuration; or ii) deduce, calculate, and / or infer the indication indirectly from data / information. Thus, an indication included in at least one timer configuration can be referred to as an explicit indication, for example, if the indication is readable, or as an implicit indication, for example, if the indication is deducible. As mentioned above, in the case of an implicit indication, data or information used to determine or deduce the indication can be provided. Such data or information can be another information element already embedded in the indication. In this case, the UE can first decode the information element and then deduce the indication (and another indication) from the information element. It should be noted that there is no need to explicitly refer to "explicit / implicit" regarding the indications (multiple), as this fact can be derived solely from individual terms such as "indication" (e.g., explicit) or "data or information" used to determine / derive the indication (e.g., implicit). The indication can be applied accordingly, for example, where the device (e.g., UE) provides the indication, such as when the indication is included in a measurement report, specifically in a low-level triggered mobility (LTM) measurement report or L1 measurement report as described herein, where explicit / implicit indications may be provided, etc.

[0148] It should be noted that the instruction described herein may correspond to "at least one instruction," or an instruction may correspond to a single instruction having multiple parts. In other words, there may be a first instruction and a second instruction, or there may be a single instruction having at least a first part indicating first information and a second part indicating second information. Regarding the foregoing, this may mean that the instruction specifies a first action, for example, using one (first) part and using another (second) part to indicate a second action, or vice versa. Other parts of the instruction may be conceived. Alternatively, two instructions may be used. For example, "at least partially based on an instruction" may mean based on one or more parts of the instruction. In other cases, it may mean, for example, based on the instruction (e.g., as a whole), but also based on additional information and / or additional information elements, parameters, or data.

[0149] "At least one beam" can be, for example, a radio signal transmission (specifically, focused), which includes a reference signal that can be transmitted, for example, using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and / or beamforming techniques. Beams can have various characteristics and serve different purposes based on their configuration and use cases. At least one beam can include one or more beams or one or more beam pairs, such as a first beam and a second beam that can be received from the same or different sources. For example, there can be a first beam from the serving cell and a second beam from a candidate or target cell. Beams can be characterized by various properties, including, for example, signal strength or power, which can indicate the strength of the signal transmitted by the beam at the receiver (e.g., the UE). This can be measured, for example, as the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), such as the average received power of the reference signal, or the Reference Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), such as the total received power including noise and / or interference. A stronger signal can indicate better connectivity. Beams can also be characterized by signal quality, such as the "purity" of the signal when considering interference and / or noise. This can be measured, for example, as a reference signal reception quality (RSRQ) measure, such as the ratio of RSRP to RSSI, which indicates the interference level and / or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), such as the ratio of expected signal power to interference and / or noise power. Other characteristics and / or metrics are conceivable. At least one indication may indicate which beams a timer configuration (or one or more parts thereof) should be used for, for example, (only) for serving cell beam 1 and candidate / target cell beam 5, etc.

[0150] The indication can specify the initiation of an early timing advance (TA) acquisition, whereby at least one timer configuration (or one or more portions thereof) will be applied. For example, at least one timer can be started (or can be started) only when an early TA acquisition is initiated. Timing advance (TA) can refer to adjustments made, for example, by a user equipment (UE) to synchronize its uplink transmissions with network nodes, which can ensure that signals from the UE arrive at network nodes synchronously with its schedule. Early TA acquisition can refer to scenarios where the network can initiate a TA process prior to a standard handover or mobility event, such as preparing the UE for an upcoming handover to a target cell. This proactive approach can help reduce latency and / or potential connection loss. For example, a UE may be moving towards a cell edge where signal quality is degraded. The network can initiate an early TA acquisition to align uplink timing with nearby candidate cells.

[0151] The indication may specify that at least one timer configuration (or one or more portions thereof) will be applied to at least one of the following: - Receiving the Target Cell Identifier (TCI) status activation command, or - Activation of TCI status.

[0152] TCI state can represent the configuration of reference signals (RS) and / or beams used for (specifically, optimized) communication with a specific target cell. A TCI state activation command can be viewed, for example, as a message from a network node to the UE instructing the UE to activate a specific TCI state. This can indicate which beam (or beam set) the UE should use for communication. For example, a UE might receive a TCI state activation command to prepare for a transition to a target beam. Timer configurations can be applied to ensure that actions (such as handover) are proactively handled, for example, if the beam becomes unsuitable.

[0153] An indication may indicate that at least one timer configuration (or one or more parts thereof) will be applied based on a User Equipment (UE)-TA estimate. A UE-TA estimate may refer to the calculation and / or reception of an estimated TA value by the UE, which may indicate the relative distance or synchronization status between the UE and network nodes. For example, a UE moving away from its serving cell may estimate an increased TA value, thereby signaling an impending handover.

[0154] The indication may indicate that, based on the reception of a PDCCH command for early TA acquisition, at least one timer configuration (or one or more portions thereof) will be applied. A PDCCH command may refer to a message sent via the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), for example, to instruct the UE to perform a specific action, such as early TA acquisition.

[0155] It should be noted that the instruction may refer to one or more of the foregoing examples; for example, a combination of one or more of the foregoing examples is conceivable.

[0156] The apparatus (e.g., UE) may store at least one timer configuration, for example for later use, such as for monitoring, identifying, and / or notifying of ongoing or impending RLFs and / or for taking proactive measures, such as in response to them. Determining and / or detecting an ongoing or impending RLF can result in, trigger, initiate, and / or initiate: i) the start of at least one timer associated with and / or included in at least one timer configuration, and / or ii) the transmission of messages to network nodes, such as measurement reports, such as underlying-triggered mobility (LTM) measurement reports or L1 measurement reports. The results of i) and / or ii), such as the timer having started / running and / or the detection of an ongoing or impending RLF, may (furthermore) be included in the measurement report, for example prior to transmission, in the form of at least one indication, such as explicitly / implicitly included, as described herein. To determine or detect an impending or ongoing RLF, reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell may be measured on the corresponding beams associated with and / or indicated by at least one timer configuration, or in at least one timer configuration. For example, an apparatus (e.g., a UE) can measure a first reference signal from a first beam of a serving cell and a second reference signal from a second beam of a target cell. The apparatus (e.g., the UE) can compare the signal strength of at least one first reference signal measured on the first beam of the serving cell with the signal strength of at least one second reference signal measured on the second beam of the target cell. Based on the comparison, the apparatus can determine a result, such as a measurement result. For example, the apparatus (e.g., the UE) can determine that the signal strength of at least one second reference signal on the second beam of the target cell is greater than the signal strength of at least one first reference signal on the first beam of the serving cell. Furthermore, this measurement result (and / or the corresponding beam, such as the first beam and / or the second beam) can (alternatively or additionally to the above) be included in a measurement report, for example, before transmission, for example, in at least one indicative form, such as explicitly / implicitly, as described herein.

[0157] At least one timer associated with and / or included in the timer configuration may expire, for example, before the receipt of a cell handover command from the network node. In this case, based on the expiration of at least one timer, at least one of the following can be initiated: a rebuild procedure or an LTM recovery procedure. However, if a cell handover command from the network node is received before the expiration of at least one timer, at least one LTM cell handover procedure can be initiated based on the at least one cell handover command from the network node.

[0158] The term “non-transient” as used in this article refers to the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not signaling), rather than to the persistence of data storage (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0159] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”, means at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all of the elements.

[0160] The device may include a processor configured to provide and receive signals to the device and control the functions of the device. The processor may be configured to control other elements of the device via electrical wires connecting the processor to other elements, such as a display or memory, to implement control signaling. For example, a processor may be embodied in various ways, including a circuit system, at least one processing core, one or more microprocessors having an accompanying digital signal processor(s), one or more processors without an accompanying digital signal processor(s), one or more coprocessors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more controllers, a processing circuit system, one or more computers, various other processing elements including integrated circuits (e.g., application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.), or combinations thereof.

[0161] The term "circuit system" may refer to one or more, or all of the following: (a) Hardware circuit implementation only (such as implementation of analog and / or digital circuits only); and (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable): (i) A combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuits and software / firmware, and (ii) Any part of a hardware processor (including a digital signal processor), software, and memory (including a plurality of) that has software, which work together to enable a device (such as a mobile phone or server) to perform various functions, and (Multiple) hardware circuits and / or (multiple) processors, such as (multiple) microprocessors or portions of (multiple) microprocessors, which require software (e.g. firmware) for operation, but may be absent when the software is not required for operation.

[0162] The definition of "circuit system" applies to all uses of the term in this application (including in any claim). As another example, as used herein, the term "circuit system" also encompasses only hardware circuitry or a processor (or multiple processors) or portions thereof and their accompanying software and / or firmware implementations. For instance, if applicable to a particular claim symbol, the term "circuit system" also encompasses baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices, or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other computing or network devices.

[0163] The apparatus may include memory capable of storing information elements. The apparatus may include volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. For example, volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM), which includes dynamic and / or static RAM, on-chip or off-chip cache memory, etc. Non-volatile memory, which may be embedded and / or removable, may include, for example, read-only memory, flash memory, magnetic storage devices such as hard disks, floppy disk drives, magnetic tape, optical disk drives and / or media, non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), etc. Like volatile memory, non-volatile memory may include cache regions for temporary storage of data. At least a portion of the volatile and / or non-volatile memory may be embedded in a processor. The memory may store one or more software processes, instructions, information fragments, data, etc., which may be used by the apparatus to perform the operations disclosed herein.

[0164] The device may be a UE, or may be at least included in a UE.

[0165] Figure 1 Example signaling based on the topics described herein, such as signaling between network nodes and devices (e.g., UEs), is shown.

[0166] Figure 1 This can be explained through the following non-restrictive steps:

[0167] In step 1, the network node can determine that some cell boundaries for the UE can benefit from early RLF detection for the UE. The network can determine, for example, at the beam level, for example via at least one timer configuration (e.g., T31x timer configuration) to detect ongoing or impending RLFs. In some scenarios, the network node can, for example, assume that a reconstruction or LTM recovery process following early RLF detection can restore the UE's connection faster than, for example, waiting for a (longer) RLF timer, and still end with RLF detection and / or triggered reconstruction, for example, after a prolonged interruption. (For example, the UE can recover to the source cell without triggering an RLF. In those examples, such early RLF detection can, for example, be detrimental.) The network node can avoid such scenarios, for example, for neighboring cells, where LTM recovery or reconstruction can be omitted, allowing the UE to wait for the T310 (RLF detection) timer to fully expire. This process can be configured simultaneously with or after the LTM configuration is provided to the UE.

[0168] In step 2, the network node may send at least one timer configuration for RLF detection to the UE, for example, monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF. The at least one timer configuration may include, for example, at least one timer indicating the timer period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF. Start, stop, duration and / or expiration, and the UE's behavior when the timer expires, may be specified by known or predefined criteria. At least one timer condition may include at least one condition specifying when an RLF is ongoing or about to occur, or when a Radio Link Problem (RLP) occurs / exists. Based on the detection of a failure of at least one beam against the network node, the detection of a failure recovery process for at least one beam against the network node, and / or the determination that another timer is running or has been started, at least one condition may indicate that an RLF is ongoing or about to occur, or that an RLP has occurred / exists. At least one timer configuration may include at least one indication specifying the usage requirements of at least one timer configuration (e.g., as a whole), or the usage requirements of one or more parts thereof (e.g., at least one timer, at least one condition, etc.), or when that part should be used / applied or is available / applicable. In one example, a network node may, for instance, use at least one indication to indicate that the timer configuration can be used (specifically, only used) for serving cell beam 1 and candidate cell beam 5. This may indicate that the network has identified a particular cell boundary as problematic, for example. In one example, a network node may, for instance, use an indication, such as by a marker, to indicate that the timer configuration can be considered by the UE, specifically, only if the following conditions are met: when the TCI state is activated, if an early TA acquisition is initiated, a UE-based TA is acquired, or the UE receives a candidate TCI state activation command, and / or a combination of one or more of the aforementioned features.

[0169] In step 3, the UE may receive at least one timer configuration from the network node, for example, via at least one message / in at least one message, specifically, an underlying trigger mobility (LTM) message, such as an LTM configuration message. Based on at least one timer configuration, for example, based at least in part on at least one condition specifying when an RLF is in progress or about to occur, the UE may begin monitoring at least one beam from the network node. For example, based on at least one condition, the UE may monitor the triggering or initiation of at least one timer, such as at least one T31x timer.

[0170] Figure 2 Example signaling based on the topics described herein is shown, such as signaling between network nodes and devices (e.g., UEs). Figure 2 The example shown can be compared with Figure 1 One or more steps are combined as shown. Although Figure 2 Steps 1 to 2 are not shown, but it should be clear that the same steps can be easily derived from... Figure 1 Obtain.

[0171] Figure 2 This can be explained through the following non-restrictive steps:

[0172] Step 3 can correspond to the above. Figure 1 Step 3.

[0173] In step 4, the UE can transmit or send messages to the network node, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration completion.

[0174] In step 5, the UE may initiate and / or continue measuring reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell on the corresponding beams. For example, a first reference signal (e.g., a first SSB, or e.g., SSB1) from a first beam (e.g., beam 1) from the serving cell (cell 1), and a second reference signal (e.g., a second SSB, or e.g., SSB5) from a second beam (e.g., beam 2) from the target cell (cell 2). The corresponding beam or beam pair may be indicated by and / or associated with at least one timer configuration, such as by one or more portions thereof.

[0175] In step 6, the UE can compare the signal strength of at least one first reference signal (e.g., SSB1) of the serving cell with the signal strength of at least another second reference signal (e.g., SSB5) of the target cell. The UE can determine that the signal strength of at least one second reference signal (e.g., SSB5) of the target cell is greater than or higher than the signal strength of at least one first reference signal (e.g., SSB1) of the serving cell. For example, based on at least one condition included in at least one timer configuration, the UE can determine or detect that a radio link problem is in progress, or that a radio link failure (RLF) is in progress or about to occur. The determination of the radio link problem may occur before step 6, and at step 6, the UE can reconfirm that the problem is still ongoing.

[0176] In step 7, for example, based on determining that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, the UE may transmit a measurement report to the network node, such as a Low-Level Triggered Mobility (LTM) measurement report or an L1 measurement report. The measurement report may include at least one indication that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, or that an RLP has been detected.

[0177] Step 8 can be performed concurrently with step 7. In step 8, for example, based at least in part on the determination that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, the UE can start at least one timer. In other words, at least one timer can be started at the time the measurement report is sent (see step 7). At least one indication can indicate that at least one timer has been started. The measurement report may include additional indications (e.g., a second indication in addition to at least one indication (e.g., a first indication)) that indicate a measurement result comparing the signal strength of at least one second reference signal (e.g., SSB5) with the signal strength of at least one first reference signal (e.g., SSB1), such as SSB5 > SSB1. This measurement result may be indicated by or included in additional indications (e.g., a second indication) or at least one indication (e.g., at least one first indication), for example, using different portions of the indications described herein.

[0178] In step 9, for example, based on a measurement report for the target cell and / or after receiving a measurement report for the target cell, the network can determine that the UE has started at least one timer, such as timer T31x. Based on the measurement report, the network can also determine that an early RLF is in progress, intended to send a cell change, such as a rapid transmission, or at least until the timer expires or before the timer expires. In other words, the network node can determine that a cell transfer command must be sent to the UE, for example, before at least one timer expires.

[0179] Figure 3 Example signaling, such as signaling between a network node and a device (e.g., a UE), is shown in accordance with the topics described herein. Figure 3 The example shown can be compared with Figure 1 One or more steps shown and / or Figure 2 One or more steps are combined as shown. Although Figure 3 Steps 1 through 3 are not shown, but it should be clear that the same steps can be easily derived from... Figure 1 Obtain. The same steps can be applied to... Figure 2 Steps 4 through 9.

[0180] Figure 3 This can be explained through the following non-restrictive steps:

[0181] For example, when radio conditions permit, a network node can instruct the UE to change the cell. For instance, the network node can send a message to the UE, such as a cell switching command, for example, to switch to cell 2.

[0182] Based on receiving at least one cell handover command from a network node, the UE can stop at least one timer, for example, with Figure 1The steps 1 to 3 provided and / or Figure 2 In step 8, at least one timer is started, which is associated with and / or included in at least one timer.

[0183] Based on the receipt of at least one message, the UE can initiate at least one LTM cell switching procedure, such as a cell change to cell 2, wherein the at least one message can be at least one (specifically, a single) cell switching command from a network node. In another example, the UE can receive an indication that a radio link problem has been resolved.

[0184] Figure 4 Example signaling, such as signaling between a network node and a device (e.g., a UE), is shown in accordance with the topics described herein. Figure 4 The example shown can be compared with Figure 1 One or more steps shown and / or Figure 2 One or more steps are combined as shown. Although Figure 4 Steps 1 through 3 are not shown, but it should be clear that the same steps can be easily derived from... Figure 1 Obtain. The same steps can be applied to... Figure 2 Steps 4 through 9.

[0185] Figure 4 This can be explained through the following non-restrictive steps:

[0186] The network may not be able to send a cell handover command, for example, due to an ongoing / imminent and / or deteriorating RLP / RLF, such as poor radio conditions; therefore, the UE may not receive the cell handover command. In another example, the UE may not receive an RLP recovery notification.

[0187] The UE can determine that at least one timer expires, for example, upon receiving at least one cell handover command from a network node (and...). Figure 3 (Compared to) and / or before the RLP recovery notification.

[0188] The UE may initiate at least one of the following: a reconstruction process or an LTM recovery process, for example by early RLF detection, such as based on the expiration of at least one timer.

[0189] The UE can change its cell as a result of a recovery or reconstruction process, for example, a cell change to cell 2.

[0190] Figures 5 to 8 Examples of signaling based on the topics described herein are shown, such as signaling between a network node and a device (e.g., a UE). It should be noted that... Figures 5 to 8 Most steps in Figures 1 to 4The steps shown are similar / identical. For ease of reading and / or clarity, they will not be repeated. Figures 1 to 4 The steps described herein may be considered as corresponding steps / stages applicable to the process. In other words, Figures 5 to 8 The key point of the example can be found in the steps and Figures 1 to 4 The differences between the steps in [the previous section] and the previous steps. Specifically, Figures 1 to 4 One or more steps shown can be applied equally to Figures 5 to 8 One or more steps are shown.

[0191] exist Figures 5 to 8 In the example shown, the network may be unaware that, for example, the UE has started at least one timer, such as the T31x timer. For example, with... Figures 2 to 4 Compared to the example shown, the UE can start at least one timer later (see, for example, [example not provided]). Figure 6 ). Figures 5 to 8 The example shown can be seen as a more specific indication that the LTM cell switching command may not be received by the UE. For example, the timer can only be started after the PDCCH command has been sent by the network (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 6 The network may be expected to send cell handover commands (see...). Figure 7 Step 10), for example, once the network receives the TA value from the target DU. This occurs when the network node does not send a cell handover command (see...). Figure 8 This can indicate the need for obvious radio link problems (RLP) and / or early RLF detection, which will reduce the downtime experienced by the UE. Figures 1 to 4 (This can be referred to as Solution 1) and / or Figures 5 to 8 The example shown (which can be referred to as Solution 2) can also be extended to early TCI state activation for the UE with similar logic (which can be referred to as Solution 3). Furthermore, combinations of these three solutions can be considered, for example, to improve the accuracy of the process.

[0192] Figure 9 A flowchart 900 illustrating an example aspect of the subject matter described herein is shown. This flowchart may include steps of apparatus, methods, and / or non-transitory computer-readable media as mentioned herein.

[0193] Flowchart 900 may include the step of receiving 910 at least one underlying triggered mobility (LTM) configuration message from a network node, the LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF). Flowchart 900 may include the step of monitoring 920 at least one beam from the network node based on at least one timer configuration.

[0194] Flowchart 900 may include one or more additional steps, or combinations thereof, associated with some of the example aspects and / or associated example embodiments described herein.

[0195] Figure 10 A flowchart 1000 illustrating an example aspect of the subject matter described herein is shown. This flowchart may include steps of apparatus, methods, and / or non-transitory computer-readable media as mentioned herein.

[0196] Flowchart 1000 may include the step of measuring 1010 reference signals from the serving cell and the target cell on a corresponding beam associated with at least one timer configuration, wherein the timer configuration specifies when radio link failure detection (RLF) is in progress or about to occur. Flowchart 1000 may include the step of sending a measurement report 1020 to a network node based on determining that an RLF is in progress or about to occur, the measurement report including at least one indication indicating that an RLF is in progress or about to occur.

[0197] Flowchart 1000 may include one or more additional steps, or combinations thereof, associated with some of the example aspects and / or associated example embodiments described herein.

[0198] While the foregoing describes embodiments of this disclosure, other and additional embodiments of this disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope of this disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.

[0199] As explained above and repeated below, this disclosure includes, but is not limited to, the following example implementations.

[0200] Clause 1. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receive from a network node at least one underlying triggered mobility LTM configuration message, the LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring an ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF), and monitor at least one beam from the network node based on the at least one timer configuration.

[0201] Clause 2. The apparatus according to Clause 1, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0202] Clause 3. An apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one condition specifying when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration will be started.

[0203] Clause 4. The apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication indicating the use requirement of at least one timer configuration.

[0204] Clause 5. The apparatus according to Clause 4, wherein at least one indication specifies which event at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0205] Clause 6. An apparatus according to any one of Clauses 4 to 5 above, wherein at least one indication designates at least a first beam of the target cell and at least a second beam of the serving cell, and at least one timer configuration will be used for at least the first beam and at least the second beam.

[0206] Clause 7. An apparatus according to any one of Clauses 4 to 5 above, wherein at least one instruction specifies at least a requirement for a transmission, the transmission being the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to a network node.

[0207] Clause 8. An apparatus pursuant to any one of Clauses 4 to 5 above, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

[0208] Clause 9. The apparatus according to Clause 8, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node.

[0209] Clause 10. The apparatus according to Clause 8, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

[0210] Clause 11. A device pursuant to any one of Clauses 4 to 5, wherein at least one indication specifies the initiation of an advance TA acquisition based on an early timing, and at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0211] Clause 12. An apparatus according to any one of Clauses 4 to 5 above, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of: receiving a target cell identifier TCI state activation command, or activating a TCI state.

[0212] Clause 13. An apparatus pursuant to any one of Clauses 4 to 5, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on a User Equipment UE-TA estimate.

[0213] Clause 14. An apparatus according to any one of Clauses 4 to 5, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the receipt of a PDCCH command for early TA acquisition.

[0214] Clause 15. An apparatus according to the foregoing clause, wherein at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: detect an ongoing or impending RLF based at least in part on at least one timer configuration, and start at least one timer.

[0215] Clause 16. An apparatus according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0216] Clause 17. An apparatus according to any one of Clauses 3 to 16 above, wherein at least one condition indicates that an RLF is in progress or about to occur based on at least one of the following: a failure of at least one beam for a network node is detected, a failure recovery of at least one beam for a network node is detected to be in progress, another timer is determined to be running, and / or the expiration of at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration.

[0217] Clause 18. The device under any of the preceding clauses, wherein the device is a user equipment (UE) or wherein the device is included in the UE.

[0218] Clause 19. A method comprising: receiving from a network node at least one underlying triggered mobility LTM configuration message, the LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring an ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF), and monitoring at least one beam from the network node based on the at least one timer configuration.

[0219] Clause 20. The method according to Clause 19, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one timer that indicates a time period for monitoring an ongoing or impending RLF.

[0220] Clause 21. The method according to any one of Clauses 19 to 20 above, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one condition specifying when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration will be started.

[0221] Clause 22. The method according to any one of Clauses 19 to 21 above, wherein at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication indicating the use requirement of at least one timer configuration.

[0222] Clause 23. The method of Clause 22, wherein at least one indication specifies which event at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0223] Clause 24. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23 above, wherein at least one indication designates at least a first beam of the target cell and at least a second beam of the serving cell, and at least one timer configuration will be used for at least the first beam and at least the second beam.

[0224] Clause 25. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23 above, wherein at least one instruction specifies at least a requirement for a transmission, the transmission being the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to a network node.

[0225] Clause 26. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23 above, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

[0226] Clause 27. According to the method of Clause 26, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node.

[0227] Clause 28. According to the method of Clause 26, wherein at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

[0228] Clause 29. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23, wherein at least one indication specifies the initiation of an early timing advance TA acquisition, at least one timer configuration will be applied.

[0229] Clause 30. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23, wherein at least one indication indicates that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of the following: receipt of a target cell identifier TCI state activation command, or activation of the TCI state.

[0230] Clause 31. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the user equipment UE-TA estimate.

[0231] Clause 32. The method according to any one of Clauses 22 to 23, wherein at least one indication specifies that at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the receipt of a PDCCH command for early TA acquisition.

[0232] Clause 33. The method according to Clauses 19 to 32 above, wherein the method includes: detecting an ongoing or impending RLF based at least in part on at least one timer configuration, and starting at least one timer.

[0233] Clause 34. The method according to any one of Clauses 19 to 33 above, wherein the message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0234] Clause 35. The method according to any one of Clauses 21 to 34 above, wherein at least one condition indicates that an RLF is in progress or about to occur based on at least one of the following: a failure of at least one beam for a network node is detected, a failure recovery of at least one beam for a network node is detected to be in progress, another timer is determined to be running, and / or the expiration of at least one timer associated with at least one timer configuration.

[0235] Clause 36. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising process instructions, which, when executed by an apparatus, specifically according to any one of Clauses 1 to 18, cause operations including: receiving from a network node at least one underlying triggered mobility LTM configuration message, the LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring an ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF), and monitoring at least one beam from the network node based on the at least one timer configuration. List of abbreviations LTM underlying trigger mobility RAT wireless access technology NG Next Generation RAN (Radio Access Network) UE User Equipment TCI Transport Configuration Index RLF wireless link failure RLP wireless link issues BFD Beam Failure Detection TA scheduled in advance T31x Timer PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) L1 Floor 1 L2 Floor 2 RRC (Radio Resource Control) T310 timer for RLF detection RSRP reference signal received power DU Distributed Unit CU Centralized Unit NR New Wireless DCI Downlink Control Information PCI Physical Cell Identifier PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) PDSCH (Physical Data Sharing Channel) UE User Equipment List of icon numbers Flowchart 900-1000 910 Receiving Steps 920 Monitoring Steps 1010 Measurement Procedure 1020 Sending Steps

Claims

1. An apparatus for communication, the apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform at least the following: Receive at least one underlying triggered mobility LTM configuration message from a network node, the at least one LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF). Based on the configuration of the at least one timer, at least one beam from the network node is monitored.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one timer configuration includes at least one of the following: At least one timer, the at least one timer indicating a time period for monitoring the ongoing or impending RLF; or At least one condition specifies when an ongoing or impending RLF will be declared, or when at least one timer associated with the at least one timer configuration will be started.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one timer configuration includes at least one indication specifying the usage requirements of the at least one timer configuration, and The at least one of the indicators specifies which event the at least one timer configuration will be applied to.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the at least one indication: Specify at least a first beam of the target cell and at least a second beam of the serving cell, wherein the at least one timer configuration will be used for the at least first beam and the at least second beam; At least specify the requirements for transmission, which is the transmission of at least one Layer 1 measurement report to the network node; or This indicates that the at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one LTM reporting event.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: The at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM3 reporting event, and for the LTM3 reporting event, the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with the signal strength of the beam of the serving cell from the network node. or The at least one LTM reporting event is an LTM4 reporting event, for which the signal strength of the beam of the target cell from the network node is compared with a predefined threshold.

6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein one of the following is true: The at least one indication specifies the initiation of early timing TA acquisition, and the at least one timer configuration will be applied; The at least one indication indicates that the at least one timer configuration will be applied based on at least one of the following: receipt of the Target Cell Identifier TCI State Activation Command, or activation of the TCI State; The at least one indication specifies that the at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the user equipment UE-TA estimation; or The at least one indication indicates that the at least one timer configuration will be applied based on the reception of the PDCCH command used for early TA acquisition.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the following: The at least one processor and the at least one memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the means to perform at least: Based at least in part on the configuration of the at least one timer, detect an ongoing or impending RLF and start at least one timer; or The message is an LTM Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

8. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the at least one condition indicates that the RLF is in progress or about to occur based on at least one of the following: A failure of at least one beam targeting the network node was detected. Failure recovery for at least one beam targeting the network node has been detected and is in progress. Determine that another timer is running, and / or The expiration of at least one timer associated with the at least one timer configuration.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is a user equipment (UE), or wherein the apparatus is included in the UE.

10. A method for communication, the method comprising: Receive at least one underlying triggered mobility LTM configuration message from a network node, the at least one LTM configuration message including at least one timer configuration for monitoring ongoing or impending radio link failure (RLF). Based on the configuration of the at least one timer, at least one beam from the network node is monitored.

Images