A cultivation method for improving medicinal components of paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

Abstract

This invention provides a cultivation method to enhance the medicinal efficacy of Paris polyphylla, relating to the field of Paris polyphylla cultivation and management technology. The cultivation method mainly involves the combined application of a foliar fertilizer prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, compound amino acids, potassium lauroyl glutamate, and pomegranate peel fermentation extract, and a plant compound fertilizer prepared from straw and manure compost, pomegranate peel fermentation material, and superphosphate. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, effectively ensuring the normal growth of Paris polyphylla while increasing the content of Paris saponins in its rhizomes, thus comprehensively improving the economic benefits of cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Paris polyphylla cultivation and management technology, specifically to a cultivation method for improving the medicinal components of Paris polyphylla. Background Technology

[0002] Paris polyphylla, a perennial herb belonging to the genus Paris of the family Trillium, is used medicinally for its rhizome. It possesses properties of clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and relieving pain, and cooling the liver and calming the nerves. It is commonly used for boils, carbuncles, sore throats, snake and insect bites, injuries from falls, and infantile convulsions. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Paris polyphylla mainly contains active ingredients such as steroidal saponins, flavonoids, sterols, amino acids, and nucleosides, exhibiting antitumor, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic effects. Among these, Paris saponins are the most representative.

[0003] Paris polyphylla generally needs to be cultivated for 7-8 years before it can be harvested. At this time, the content of Paris saponins in Paris polyphylla is relatively high. The quality of Paris polyphylla is mainly determined by the content of its medicinal components. Generally speaking, the higher the content of medicinal components (mainly Paris saponins), the better the quality of Paris polyphylla. Therefore, it is crucial to increase the content of Paris saponins in its rhizomes while ensuring the normal yield of Paris polyphylla. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a cultivation method for enhancing the medicinal components of Paris polyphylla, thereby increasing the content of Paris saponins in the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla while effectively ensuring its normal growth.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A cultivation method for enhancing the medicinal efficacy of Paris polyphylla, comprising spraying foliar fertilizer 2-3 times each in spring and autumn of 3-4 year old Paris polyphylla, and supplementing with compound plant fertilizer once before winter each year; the foliar fertilizer formula is: 2-6 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 120-160 mg / L compound amino acids, 400-600 mg / L potassium lauroyl glutamate, 20-60 mg / L pomegranate peel fermentation extract, with the remainder being water; the compound plant fertilizer is: 30-40 parts straw and manure compound compost, 6-10 parts pomegranate peel fermentation material, and 0.2-0.4 parts superphosphate; the preparation method of pomegranate peel fermentation extract and pomegranate peel fermentation material is as follows: pomegranate peel is crushed and fermented with Pichia pastoris, then pressed and filtered, the filter residue is dried to obtain pomegranate peel fermentation material, and the filtrate is dried to obtain pomegranate peel fermentation extract.

[0006] Preferably, the interval between the 2-3 foliar fertilizer applications in spring is 15-20 days; and the interval between the 2-3 foliar fertilizer applications in autumn is 7-10 days.

[0007] Preferably, the amount of foliar fertilizer applied at one time is based on the leaves being moist but not dripping; and the foliar fertilizer should be applied in the evening or early morning, avoiding rainy days.

[0008] Preferably, the composite amino acid is obtained by mixing glycine, alanine, methionine, etc. by mass.

[0009] Preferably, the application rate of the compound fertilizer is 400-600 kg / mu.

[0010] Preferably, the compound fertilizer is applied in the evening, and water is applied promptly afterward.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the pomegranate peel fermentation extract and pomegranate peel fermentation material includes the following steps: after cleaning the pomegranate peel, add 3-5 times the volume of water and grind it into a slurry, then inoculate it with 0.2%-0.4% of Pichia pastoris by weight of the total pomegranate peel and ferment for 10-12 days, then press and filter, and dry the filter residue at 30-35℃ to obtain pomegranate peel fermentation material; spray dry the filtrate and pulverize it to obtain pomegranate peel fermentation extract.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the straw and manure compound composting fertilizer includes the following steps: crushing corn and / or wheat straw and mixing it with animal manure at a mass ratio of 1-3:1 for composting for 50-60 days, maintaining the moisture content at 40%-60% during composting, and drying the straw and manure compound composting fertilizer after composting.

[0013] Preferably, the compost pile is turned over every 10-15 days during the composting process.

[0014] This invention provides a cultivation method for enhancing the medicinal efficacy of Paris polyphylla, which has the following advantages compared to existing technologies: This invention treats 2-3 year old Paris polyphylla plants with a combination of foliar fertilizer and plant compound fertilizer, which can effectively guarantee the yield of Paris polyphylla in 5-6 years. Furthermore, the application of potassium lauroyl glutamate and pomegranate peel fermentation extract in the foliar fertilizer and pomegranate peel fermentation material in the plant compound fertilizer can effectively increase the accumulation of Paris polyphylla saponins in the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla, and further promote early harvest of Paris polyphylla, thus comprehensively improving the economic benefits of artificial cultivation of Paris polyphylla. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a spectrum showing the content of Paris saponins I, II, and VII in Paris polyphylla harvested from region 1 in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 This is a spectrum showing the content of Paris saponins I, II, and VII in Paris polyphylla harvested from region 4 in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The Pichia pastoris used below is Pichia pastoris X33, purchased from Nuoan Gene Technology (Wuhan) Co., Ltd.; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9763, purchased from Shanghai Xinzhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the compound amino acid is a mixture of glycine, alanine, methionine, etc. Example

[0018] I. Preparation of extracts and fermentation materials: 1. Preparation of extract A and fermentation material A: After cleaning the pomegranate peel, add 4 times its volume of water and grind it into a paste. Then, inoculate it with 0.3% of the total mass of pomegranate peel with Pichia pastoris and ferment for 11 days. After that, press and filter, and dry the filter residue at 35°C to obtain fermentation material A. The filtrate is spray-dried and pulverized to obtain extract A.

[0019] 2. Preparation of extract B and fermentation material B: After cleaning fresh pomegranate leaves, add 4 times the volume of water and grind into a paste. Then, inoculate with 0.3% of the total mass of pomegranate leaves with Pichia pastoris and ferment for 11 days. After pressing and filtering, dry the filter residue at 35°C to obtain fermentation material B; spray dry the filtrate and pulverize it to obtain extract B.

[0020] 3. Preparation of extract C and fermentation material C: After cleaning the pomegranate peel, add 4 times its volume of water and grind it into a paste. Then, inoculate it with 0.3% of the total mass of pomegranate peel with brewing yeast and ferment for 11 days. After that, press and filter, and dry the filter residue at 35°C to obtain fermentation material C; spray dry the filtrate and pulverize it to obtain extract C.

[0021] II. Preparation of straw and manure compound compost fertilizer: Corn and wheat straw of equal weight are mixed and crushed, then mixed with cow manure at a mass ratio of 1-3:1 and composted for 60 days. The moisture content during composting is maintained at 40%-60%, and the compost is turned over every 15 days. After composting, the straw and manure compound composted fertilizer is obtained.

[0022] III. Preparation of Foliar Fertilizer: Different foliar fertilizers can be prepared by mixing the following formulas: Foliar fertilizer A: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g / L, compound amino acids 140mg / L, potassium lauroyl glutamate 500mg / L, extract A 40mg / L, the remainder is water.

[0023] Foliar fertilizer B: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g / L, compound amino acids 140mg / L, potassium lauroyl glutamate 500mg / L, extract B 40mg / L, the remainder is water.

[0024] Foliar fertilizer C: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g / L, compound amino acids 140mg / L, potassium lauroyl glutamate 500mg / L, extract C 40mg / L, the remainder is water.

[0025] Foliar fertilizer D: 4g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 140mg / L compound amino acids, 500mg / L potassium lauroyl glutamate, and the remainder is water.

[0026] Foliar fertilizer E: Foliar fertilizer C: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g / L, compound amino acids 140mg / L, extract A 40mg / L, the remainder is water.

[0027] IV. Preparation of Plant Compound Fertilizer: Different compound plant fertilizers can be prepared by mixing according to the following formulas: Compound fertilizer A: 35 parts of straw and manure compound compost, 8 parts of fermented material A, and 0.3 parts of superphosphate.

[0028] Compound fertilizer B: 35 parts of straw and manure compound compost, 8 parts of fermented material B, and 0.3 parts of superphosphate.

[0029] Compound fertilizer C: 35 parts of straw and manure compound compost, 8 parts of fermented material C, and 0.3 parts of superphosphate.

[0030] Compound fertilizer D: 43 parts of straw and manure compound compost fertilizer and 0.3 parts of superphosphate.

[0031] V. Planting Management Experiment: In 2023, four-year-old *Paris polyphylla* plants were selected as experimental materials at the Chunfang *Paris polyphylla* planting base in Luoping, Qujing, Yunnan. Plants from the same region with similar growth conditions and free from pests and diseases were divided into five areas. Conventional management was implemented, with foliar fertilizer applied in spring and autumn. Spraying was done in the early morning or evening, with the amount applied just enough to moisten the leaves without dripping. (The foliar fertilizer application dates in 2023 were: February 16, March 4, September 20, September 28, and October 10). On May 5th; in 2024: February 20th, March 8th, September 17th, September 27th, October 6th; in 2025: February 20th, March 9th, March 27th); apply fertilizer once before winter (fertilization dates are October 27th, 2023 and November 2nd, 2024), with a fertilizer application rate of 500 kg / mu. Irrigate promptly after fertilization. The specific selection of foliar fertilizer and supplementary fertilizer for each region is shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0032] Harvesting began in October 2025 after the above-ground parts withered and ended in December 2025. The fresh weight yield of *Paris polyphylla* harvested from each group was statistically analyzed, and the specific results are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

[0033] As shown in the table above, the overall yields in regions 1 and 5 are not significantly different. The foliar fertilizer application rates differ greatly between these two regions, while the supplemental fertilizer application rates are the same. This indicates that the choice of foliar fertilizer has little impact on the yield of Paris polyphylla in regions 1 and 5, while the yields in regions 2 and 4 are significantly reduced.

[0034] The saponin content of Paris polyphylla harvested from various regions was tested after drying at 35℃ (the saponin content was calculated based on the dried product according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the qualified product was defined as having a total saponin content ≥0.60%). Specifically, the contents of saponin I, saponin II, and saponin VII were tested, and the specific results are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3

[0035] As shown in the table above, the combined treatment of foliar fertilizer A and compound fertilizer A in region 1 resulted in a significant increase in the saponin content of Paris polyphylla. In region 4, the reduction in the addition of extract and fermentation material significantly reduced the saponin content, but it was still higher than the 0.60% specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. In region 5, the reduction in the addition of potassium lauroyl glutamate in the foliar fertilizer also reduced the saponin content. Furthermore, in region 3, the replacement of Pichia pastoris with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the fermentation of extract and fermentation material resulted in a significant decrease in the saponin content. Therefore, foliar fertilizer A and compound fertilizer A can effectively increase the saponin content of Paris polyphylla.

[0036] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for improving the medicinal components of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, characterized in that, The cultivation method is that 3-4 year old Paris polyphylla is sprayed with leaf fertilizer 2-3 times in spring and autumn each year, and is supplemented with plant compound fertilizer before each winter; The formula of the leaf fertilizer is that 2-6 g / L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 120-160 mg / L of compound amino acid, 400-600 mg / L of lauroyl glutamate potassium, 20-60 mg / L of pomegranate peel fermentation extract, and the rest is water; The plant compound fertilizer is 30-40 parts of straw manure compound composting fertilizer, 6-10 parts of pomegranate peel fermentation material, and 0.2-0.4 parts of superphosphate; The preparation method of the pomegranate peel fermentation extract and the pomegranate peel fermentation material is that the pomegranate peel is crushed, then Pichia pastoris is added for fermentation treatment, then it is pressed and filtered, the filter residue is dried to obtain the pomegranate peel fermentation material, and the filtrate is dried to obtain the pomegranate peel fermentation extract.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized by: The interval time of spraying the leaf fertilizer 2-3 times in spring is 15-20 days, and the interval time of spraying the leaf fertilizer 2-3 times in autumn is 7-10 days.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized by: The single spraying amount of the leaf fertilizer is determined according to the wet leaf surface without dripping water, and the leaf fertilizer is applied in the evening or in the morning, and rain days are avoided.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized by: The compound amino acid is obtained by mixing glycine, alanine, methionine and the like in quality.

5. The method of cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application amount of the plant compound fertilizer is 400-600 kg / acre.

6. The method of cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application time of the compound fertilizer is in the evening, and water is irrigated in time after the application.

7. The method of cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the pomegranate peel fermentation extract and the pomegranate peel fermentation material comprises the following steps: The pomegranate peel is washed clean, then 3-5 times of water is added to grind into a slurry, then 0.2%-0.4% of Pichia pastoris based on the total mass of the pomegranate peel is inoculated for fermentation treatment for 10-12 days, then it is pressed and filtered, the filter residue is dried at 30-35 DEG C to obtain the pomegranate peel fermentation material, and the filtrate is spray dried and crushed to obtain the pomegranate peel fermentation extract.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized by, The preparation method of the straw manure compound composting fertilizer comprises the following steps: The corn and / or wheat straw is crushed, then animal manure composting treatment is carried out by mixing the straw with animal manure at a mass ratio of 1-3:1 for 50-60 days, the water content is maintained at 40%-60% during the composting, and the straw manure compound composting fertilizer is obtained after drying.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 8, characterized by: The composting treatment is carried out by turning over the composting material every 10-15 days.

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