A forging device for producing a tungsten-copper alloy rod

Abstract

This invention discloses a forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods, belonging to the field of forging technology. It includes a forging mechanism, a billet clamping mechanism, an oxidation protection mechanism, and a mechanically linked drive mechanism. This invention achieves cross-mechanism coordination through the drive mechanism. Specifically, a crank press is used as the sole power source, and its up-and-down forging action synchronously drives the connecting frame, linkage rod, and transmission gear, thereby meshing and driving the clamps of the billet clamping mechanism to expand and contract synchronously. Simultaneously, it drives the oxidation protection mechanism to synchronously complete scale removal and lubrication, thus fundamentally avoiding defects such as delayed scale removal, incorrect lubrication timing, and scale indentation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy forgings for high-speed rail braking, and more specifically, to a forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy bars. Background Technology

[0002] Tungsten-copper alloys combine the high-temperature strength of tungsten with the excellent thermal and electrical conductivity of copper, making them promising for applications in electronics, aerospace, and metallurgy. However, these alloys have a narrow hot working window, poor plasticity, high deformation resistance, and are prone to oxidation at high temperatures, making them typical difficult-to-forge materials. During the forging process of tungsten-copper alloy rods, surface defects are a major factor affecting product quality and yield. Common defects include oxide scale embedding, cold shuts, folds, and die sticking scratches.

[0003] Currently, in equipment used for forging tungsten-copper alloy rods, forging, oxide scale removal, and die lubrication are typically operated as independent processes, lacking an effective coordinated mechanism. Specifically, oxide scale removal often relies on manual operation or independent motor drive, making it difficult to match the timing of removal with the forging rhythm. Delayed removal can easily cause oxide scale to be pressed into the metal matrix, affecting not only the surface quality of the finished product but also interfering with the uniform spraying of die lubricant, thereby exacerbating defects such as die sticking, scratches, and cold shuts.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, there is an urgent need to develop a tungsten-copper alloy rod forging device that can realize the linkage and coordination of forging, oxide scale removal and lubrication processes, so as to adapt to the forging characteristics of the alloy, thereby effectively suppressing surface defects and improving product quality.

[0005] In view of this, a forging device for the production of tungsten-copper alloy rods is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a forging apparatus for the production of tungsten-copper alloy rods, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a forging device for producing tungsten copper alloy rods, comprising a forging mechanism, a billet clamping mechanism, an oxidation protection mechanism, and a mechanically linked linkage drive mechanism;

[0008] The forging mechanism includes a forging frame and a power unit installed at one end of the forging frame. Forging molds are installed between the forging frame and the power unit to provide forging space and forging power.

[0009] The billet clamping mechanism includes a forging assembly table fixedly connected to the inside of the forging frame, and a clamp mounted on the forging assembly table; the clamp is connected to the linkage drive mechanism and is used to clamp the tungsten copper alloy bar to be processed in conjunction with the forging lifting action of the power unit.

[0010] The oxidation protection mechanism includes an oxide scale removal component and a lubricating component; the oxide scale removal component is fixedly connected to one of the clamps and is used to move synchronously with the clamps to remove oxide scale from the surface of the tungsten copper alloy rod; the lubricating component is assembled on the outside of the oxide scale removal component and is used to move synchronously with the oxide scale removal component to lubricate the forging die.

[0011] The linkage drive mechanism is simultaneously connected to the power unit of the forging mechanism, the clamp of the billet clamping mechanism, and the oxidation protection mechanism to realize the coordinated linkage of forging action, bar clamping action, oxide scale removal action, and mold lubrication action.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the power unit of the forging mechanism is a crank press, the output end of the crank press is set towards the forging assembly table, and the forging die includes an upper die and a lower die. The upper die is fixedly connected to the output end of the crank press, and the lower die is fixedly connected to the forging assembly table at a position directly opposite the upper die.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, there are two sets of clamps, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the forging die on the forging assembly table. Both sets of clamps are connected to the linkage drive mechanism for synchronously applying clamping force from both ends of the tungsten copper alloy bar.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the fixture includes a synchronous expansion and contraction component, two constraint seats, and two clamping plates; the synchronous expansion and contraction component is rotatably connected to the middle of the forging assembly table and is connected to the linkage drive mechanism; the two constraint seats are symmetrically fixed on the surface of the forging assembly table to guide and constrain the horizontal displacement of the clamping plates; the two clamping plates are slidably assembled in the two constraint seats and are both connected to the synchronous expansion and contraction component to move synchronously towards or away from each other under the drive of the synchronous expansion and contraction component.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the synchronous expansion and contraction component includes a drive toothed disc, a traction rope, two constraint cylinders, and two sets of elastic constraint members; the drive toothed disc is rotatably connected to the middle of the forging assembly table and meshes with the linkage drive mechanism for transmission; the traction rope passes through the middle groove of the drive toothed disc, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of elastic constraint members; the two constraint cylinders are respectively coaxially fixedly connected to the outer end faces of the two clamping plates; the elastic constraint member is composed of a wire harness ring and a compression spring, and the elastic sliding limit is located inside the constraint cylinder; the wire harness ring is fixedly connected to the end of the traction rope.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, an elastic buffer is sleeved on the outside of the constraint cylinder. The elastic buffer is a cylindrical helical buffer spring, and its two ends abut against the opposite end faces of the constraint seat and the clamping plate, respectively. The clamping plate has an inwardly curved L-shaped structure. Its curved end is rotatably connected to a relief wheel for avoiding axial displacement of the bar. Its middle part is rotatably connected to a pressing column for contacting the end face of the bar. The pressing column and the clamping plate are rotatably connected through a thrust bearing.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, the linkage drive mechanism includes a connecting frame, a linkage rod, and a transmission gear column; the connecting frame is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the upper die at the output end of the crank press; the upper end of the linkage rod is hinged to the side wall of the connecting frame, and the lower end is hinged to the upper end of the transmission gear column; the transmission gear column is slidably connected in the middle through hole of the forging assembly table, and its side facing the drive gear disc has continuous teeth, which mesh with the outer teeth of the drive gear disc for transmission.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, the oxide scale removal component includes a U-shaped mounting bracket, a semi-circular frame, a high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring, and multiple steering guides; the open end of the U-shaped mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the clamping plates, and the closed end is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the semi-circular frame; multiple steering guides are fixedly fixed to the inner wall of the semi-circular frame in a ring at equal intervals; the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring is slidably assembled on the inner side of the semi-circular frame through multiple steering guides, and the steering guide is an inclined guide post seat with a reset spring, used to guide the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring to rotate along an inclined trajectory when scraping oxide scale, thereby driving the tungsten copper alloy rod to adjust the forging angle circumferentially.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, the lubricating component includes a lubricating fluid nozzle, a spring-loaded conduit, and a normally closed on / off valve. The lubricating fluid nozzle is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the semi-circular frame, and its nozzle is inclined towards the cavity of the forging die. One end of the spring-loaded conduit is connected to an external high-pressure lubricating oil tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the lubricating fluid nozzle through the on / off valve. The on / off valve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the semi-circular frame, and its pressing end is set towards the axis of the tungsten-copper alloy rod. It is used to be opened by the pressure of the cleaned rod surface when the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring scrapes off the oxide scale, thereby opening the lubricating fluid delivery channel.

[0020] According to the above technical solution, the pressing end of the opening and closing valve is fixedly provided with a high temperature and wear-resistant contact head, and the end face of the wear-resistant contact head and the inner side of the high temperature steel wire brush ring are on the same cylindrical surface; the axis of the steering guide and the radial angle between the semi-circular frame are 15°-30°, and the preload of its return spring is greater than the maximum sliding friction between the high temperature steel wire brush ring and the tungsten copper alloy rod.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention, using the above technical solution, are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention achieves cross-mechanism coordination through a linkage drive mechanism. Specifically, a crank press is used as the sole power source, and its up-and-down forging action synchronously drives the connecting frame, linkage rod, and transmission gear, thereby meshing and driving the clamping mechanism of the billet to expand and contract synchronously. At the same time, it drives the oxidation protection mechanism to complete the cleaning and lubrication simultaneously. Before the upper die descends forging, the clamping mechanism first clamps the bar stock synchronously, and the oxide scale removal part moves towards the bar stock synchronously with the clamping mechanism to complete the surface cleaning. After the oxide scale is cleaned, the lubricating part is squeezed by the bar stock to trigger the opening and closing valve to precisely spray lubricant into the mold cavity. After the upper die descends to the position, the forging is completed. When the upper die returns, all mechanisms reset synchronously. There are no additional factors interfering throughout the process. All actions start and stop simultaneously with the forging stroke and are precisely linked, thus avoiding the root cause of defects such as delayed cleaning, incorrect lubrication timing, and oxide scale pressing.

[0023] 2. This invention uses two sets of clamps symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mold, driven by a synchronous expansion and contraction mechanism consisting of a drive toothed disc, traction rope, and elastic constraint components. This allows for simultaneous clamping or releasing of both ends in opposite directions, with uniform clamping force distribution, preventing bending or displacement of the bar due to unilateral force. Specifically, the elastic buffer outside the constraint cylinder absorbs the clamping impact force. Combined with the clearance wheels and thrust bearing-type extrusion columns on the clamping plate, this ensures stable clamping while allowing for slight axial elongation of the bar during forging, preventing end-face scratches and stress concentration. It is compatible with tungsten... The forging characteristics of copper alloy with large deformation resistance; the oxide scale removal part is directly fixed to the outside of the fixture through the U-shaped mounting bracket, and moves and contacts the bar synchronously with the fixture, without the need for additional drive, with a very simple structure and synchronous action; the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring generates circumferential force when scraping oxide scale under the action of the inclined guide, which drives the bar to rotate automatically by a small amount, and automatically updates the surface to be processed before each forging, so as to achieve uniform cleaning and uniform forging of the entire circumference of the bar, which not only ensures the cleaning force, but also avoids excessive friction damage to the base material, with high cleaning efficiency and uniform effect.

[0024] 3. This invention integrates the lubricating component and the oxide scale removal component. The lubricating nozzle, spring-loaded conduit, and normally closed on / off valve form a trigger-type lubrication path. The pressing end of the on / off valve is coplanar with the inner side of the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring. Only when the oxide scale on the surface of the bar is completely removed and the surface finish meets the standard will the outer wall of the bar squeeze the on / off valve, opening the lubrication channel and allowing high-pressure lubricating fluid to be precisely sprayed into the mold cavity. If the oxide scale is not removed, the on / off valve remains closed, and no lubricating fluid is sprayed out. This achieves precise control of lubrication only when the scale is completely removed, fundamentally avoiding the mixing of lubricant and oxide scale, ensuring that the lubricant evenly covers the mold cavity and forms a stable lubricating film. At the same time, the lubrication action is synchronized with the fixture and the oxide scale removal component, completing a precise lubrication before each forging. The lubrication timing is highly matched with the forging stroke, ensuring both lubrication effect and avoiding excessive spraying that would cause waste and environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from the left side;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention on the right side;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled connection of the clamp structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the constraint seat structure connection of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the structure and connection of the oxide scale removal component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the semi-circular frame structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lubricating component structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage drive mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0033] The following are the labeling instructions in the diagram: 10. Forging mechanism; 11. Forging frame; 12. Crank press; 20. Billet clamping mechanism; 21. Forging assembly table; 22. Fixture; 221. Synchronous expansion and contraction component; 222. Constraint seat; 223. Clamping plate; 224. Drive gear spool; 225. Traction rope; 226. Constraint cylinder; 227. Elastic constraint component; 228. Elastic buffer component; 229. Extrusion column; 30. Oxidation protection mechanism; 31. Oxide scale removal component; 311. U-shaped mounting bracket; 312. Semi-circular frame; 313. High-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring; 314. Steering guide component; 32. Lubricating component; 321. Lubricating fluid nozzle; 322. Spring-loaded conduit; 323. Normally closed on / off valve; 40. Linkage drive mechanism; 41. Connecting frame; 42. Linkage rod; 43. Transmission gear column. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-8 A forging device for producing tungsten copper alloy rods includes a forging mechanism 10, a billet clamping mechanism 20, an oxidation protection mechanism 30, and a mechanical linkage drive mechanism 40.

[0036] The forging mechanism 10 includes a forging frame 11 and a power unit installed at one end of the forging frame 11. A forging die is installed between the forging frame 11 and the power unit to provide a forging area and forging power. In this embodiment, the power unit is preferably a crank press 12, with the output end of the crank press 12 facing the forging assembly table 21. The forging die includes an upper die and a lower die. The upper die is fixedly connected to the output end of the crank press 12, and the lower die is fixedly connected to the position on the forging assembly table 21 opposite to the upper die. This arrangement can provide a stable and controllable forging stroke, which is suitable for the forging requirements of tungsten-copper alloys with narrow hot working windows.

[0037] The billet clamping mechanism 20 includes a forging assembly table 21 fixedly connected inside the forging frame 11, and a clamp 22 mounted on the forging assembly table 21; the clamp 22 is connected to the linkage drive mechanism 40 for linkage clamping the tungsten copper alloy bar to be processed in accordance with the forging lifting action of the power unit.

[0038] The oxidation protection mechanism 30 includes an oxide scale removal component 31 and a lubricating component 32. The oxide scale removal component 31 is fixedly connected to one of the clamps 22 and is used to move synchronously with the clamps 22 to remove oxide scale from the surface of the tungsten copper alloy rod. The lubricating component 32 is assembled on the outside of the oxide scale removal component 31 and is used to move synchronously with the oxide scale removal component 31 to lubricate the forging die.

[0039] The linkage drive mechanism 40 is simultaneously connected to the power unit of the forging mechanism 10, the clamp 22 of the billet clamping mechanism 20, and the oxidation protection mechanism 30 to realize the coordinated linkage of forging action, bar clamping action, oxide scale removal action and mold lubrication action.

[0040] The above-mentioned mechanical linkage design avoids the problem of rhythm mismatch when multiple processes run independently, and effectively suppresses surface defects such as oxide scale pressing in and mold sticking scratches.

[0041] Reference Figures 2-4 There are two sets of clamps 22, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the forging die on the forging assembly table 21. Both sets of clamps 22 are connected to the linkage drive mechanism 40 for synchronously applying clamping force from both ends of the tungsten copper alloy bar. This symmetrical layout can ensure that the bar is subjected to uniform force during the forging process and avoid skewing or slippage caused by clamping on one side.

[0042] Specifically, the fixture 22 includes a synchronous expansion and contraction component 221, two constraint seats 222, and two clamping plates 223. The synchronous expansion and contraction component 221 is rotatably connected to the middle of the forging assembly table 21 and is connected to the linkage drive mechanism 40. The two constraint seats 222 are symmetrically fixed to the surface of the forging assembly table 21 and are used to guide and constrain the horizontal displacement of the clamping plates 223. The two clamping plates 223 are slidably assembled in the two constraint seats 222 and are both connected to the synchronous expansion and contraction component 221, so as to move synchronously towards or away from each other under the drive of the synchronous expansion and contraction component 221.

[0043] Furthermore, the synchronous expansion and contraction component 221 includes a drive toothed reel 224, a traction rope 225, two constraint cylinders 226, and two sets of elastic constraint members 227; the drive toothed reel 224 is rotatably connected to the middle of the forging assembly table 21 and meshes with the linkage drive mechanism 40 for transmission; the traction rope 225 passes through the middle groove of the drive toothed reel 224, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of elastic constraint members 227; the two constraint cylinders 226 are respectively coaxially fixedly connected to the outer end faces of the two clamping plates 223; the elastic constraint member 227 is composed of a wire harness and a compression spring, the elastic sliding limit is located inside the constraint cylinder 226, and the wire harness is fixedly connected to the end of the traction rope 225;

[0044] When the drive toothed disc 224 rotates, the traction rope 225 is wound up or released, and the elastic constraint member 227 drives the two clamping plates 223 to clamp inward or loosen outward simultaneously.

[0045] More preferably, an elastic buffer 228 is sleeved on the outside of the constraint cylinder 226. The elastic buffer 228 is a cylindrical helical buffer spring, with its two ends abutting against the opposite end faces of the constraint seat 222 and the clamping plate 223, respectively. The elastic buffer 228 can absorb the impact force when the clamping plate 223 clamps quickly, preventing damage to the surface of the tungsten copper alloy rod due to sudden changes in clamping force. At the same time, the elastic buffer 228 and the elastic constraint 227 form a series elastic compensation structure: when there are slight batch differences in the diameter of the tungsten copper alloy rod to be forged, the compression spring of the elastic constraint 227 deforms first to compensate for the diameter deviation, ensuring that the extrusion column 229 of the clamping plate 223 is always in contact with the rod. The end face of the bar remains in contact without overloading; if the clamping force continues to increase, the elastic buffer 228 deforms again, forming a secondary buffer protection; this design allows the clamp 22 to adapt to bars with different diameter tolerances without the need for manual adjustment of the clamping stroke; the clamping plate 223 has an inwardly curved L-shaped structure, with a relief wheel rotatably connected to its curved end to avoid axial displacement of the bar, and a pressing column 229 rotatably connected in its middle to contact the end face of the bar, and the pressing column 229 and the clamping plate 223 are rotatably connected through a thrust bearing; this structure design allows the bar to remain stably clamped when it undergoes a slight elongation in the forging length direction, while avoiding scratches on the end face of the bar.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 8 The linkage drive mechanism 40 includes a connecting frame 41, a linkage rod 42, and a transmission gear 43. The connecting frame 41 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the upper die at the output end of the crank press 12. The upper end of the linkage rod 42 is hinged to the side wall of the connecting frame 41, and the lower end is hinged to the upper end of the transmission gear 43. The transmission gear 43 is slidably connected in the middle through hole of the forging assembly table 21, and its side facing the drive gear spool 224 is provided with continuous teeth, which mesh with the outer teeth of the drive gear spool 224 for transmission.

[0047] This device achieves precise timing coordination through the linkage drive mechanism 40. Specifically, during the downward stroke of the crank press 12 driving the upper die, there are three consecutive action intervals: In the first stroke interval (the upper die descends from the upper dead center to a distance of 30mm-50mm from the lower die), the connecting frame 41 pushes the transmission gear column 43 downward through the linkage rod 42. The transmission gear column 43 drives the drive toothed disc 224 to rotate through tooth meshing, and the drive toothed disc 224 winds up the traction rope 225, pulling the two clamping plates 223 to slide synchronously towards each other, so that the extrusion column 229 contacts and begins to clamp the bar. This interval completes the centering and pre-clamping of the bar; In the second stroke interval (the upper die continues to descend to a distance of 10mm-20mm from the lower die), the clamping force of the clamp 22 reaches a stable forging clamping force under the action of the elastic buffer 228, and is fixed to The oxide scale removal component 31 on the outer side of the clamping plate 223 moves towards the center of the bar along with the clamping plate 223. The high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 contacts the surface of the bar and begins to remove the oxide scale. In the third stroke interval (the upper die continues to descend to 5mm-10mm before closing with the lower die), the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 completes the oxide scale removal, and the diameter of the bar surface returns to the target size. At this time, the pressing end of the opening and closing valve 323 is opened by the cleaned bar surface, and the lubricating fluid nozzle 321 sprays lubricant into the cavities of the upper and lower dies. Then the upper and lower dies close to complete the forging. The above three stroke intervals are triggered sequentially and do not overlap with each other, forming a purely mechanical timing logic of "clamping first → cleaning then → lubrication then → forging finally". No sensors or electronic control components are required, which fundamentally avoids oxide scale pressing or lubrication failure caused by timing disorder.

[0048] Reference Figures 5-7The oxide scale removal component 31 includes a U-shaped mounting bracket 311, a semi-circular frame 312, a high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313, and multiple steering guides 314. The open end of the U-shaped mounting bracket 311 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the clamping plates 223, and the closed end is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the semi-circular frame 312. The multiple steering guides 314 are fixed in a ring at equal intervals to the inner wall of the semi-circular frame 312. The high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 is slidably assembled on the inner side of the semi-circular frame 312 through the multiple steering guides 314. The steering guide 314 is an inclined guide column seat with a reset spring, which is used to guide the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 to rotate along an inclined trajectory when scraping oxide scale, thereby driving the tungsten copper alloy rod to adjust the forging angle circumferentially.

[0049] The radial angle between the axis of the steering guide 314 and the semicircular frame 312 is 15°-30°. The selection of this angle range is based on the following: when the angle is less than 15°, the circumferential force is insufficient to overcome the static friction between the rod and the support surface, and cannot effectively drive the rod to rotate; when the angle is greater than 30°, the axial force is too large, which will cause excessive axial runout of the high-temperature steel wire brush ring 313 when scraping off oxide scale, affecting the uniformity of scale removal; within the 15°-30° range, the preload of the return spring is configured to be greater than that of the high-temperature steel wire brush ring 313 and... The maximum sliding friction between the tungsten-copper alloy bars (the preload is usually set to 1.2-1.5 times the sliding friction) causes the high-temperature steel wire brush ring 313 to first generate a circumferential component force through the inclined guide to drive the bar to rotate slightly (the single rotation angle is about 3°-8°) when it contacts the bar, and then scrapes off the oxide scale along the axial direction. This "rotate first and then scrape" action sequence ensures that the surface to be processed on the bar is automatically updated before each forging. After multiple forgings, the entire circumference of the bar is uniformly cleared of oxide scale and forging deformation.

[0050] The lubricating component 32 includes a lubricating fluid nozzle 321, a spring-loaded conduit 322, and a normally closed on / off valve 323. The lubricating fluid nozzle 321 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the semi-circular frame 312, and its nozzle is inclined towards the cavity of the forging die. One end of the spring-loaded conduit 322 is connected to an external high-pressure lubricating oil tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the lubricating fluid nozzle 321 through the on / off valve 323. The on / off valve 323 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner wall of the semi-circular frame 312, and its pressing end is set towards the axis of the tungsten copper alloy rod. It is used to be opened by the surface of the cleaned rod when the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 scrapes off the oxide scale, so as to open the lubricating fluid delivery channel.

[0051] Preferably, the pressing end of the on / off valve 323 is fixedly provided with a high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant contact head, and the end face of the wear-resistant contact head and the inner surface of the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 are on the same cylindrical surface. The engineering significance of this "coplanar" design is that only when the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 completely removes the oxide scale from the surface of the bar and restores the outer diameter of the bar to the original base size (or close to the original size), will the surface of the bar press outward to open the pressing end of the on / off valve 323. If the oxide scale is not completely removed, the residual oxide scale protrusion will cause the bar to open. The contact point between the material and the pressing end of the opening and closing valve is offset in advance, so effective compression cannot be formed and the opening and closing valve 323 remains closed; thus a purely mechanical "skin cleaning completion verification" mechanism is formed - there is no lubrication without skin cleaning, and automatic lubrication is only achieved after cleaning, which eliminates the risk of lubricant and oxide scale being mixed and pressed into the metal matrix from the root; the radial angle between the axis of the steering guide 314 and the semi-circular frame 312 is 15°-30°, and the preload of its return spring is greater than the maximum sliding friction between the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 and the tungsten copper alloy rod.

[0052] Working principle of the device:

[0053] When this device is in operation, the tungsten-copper alloy bar to be forged is first placed on the lower die of the forging assembly table 21.

[0054] When the crank press 12 is started, the upper die moves downward. During the descent of the upper die, the connecting frame 41 pushes the transmission gear column 43 down through the linkage rod 42. The transmission gear column 43 drives the drive toothed disc 224 to rotate through tooth meshing. The drive toothed disc 224 winds up the traction rope 225 and pulls the two clamping plates 223 to slide synchronously towards each other along the constraint seat 222 through the elastic constraint member 227. The extrusion column 229 clamps the bar from both ends.

[0055] Meanwhile, the oxide scale removal component 31 fixed to the outside of the clamping plate 223 moves toward the center of the bar along with the clamping plate 223, and the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 contacts the surface of the bar; as the upper die continues to descend, the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 scrapes off the oxide scale under the inclined guidance of the steering guide 314, and drives the bar to rotate circumferentially. After the oxide scale on the surface of the bar is removed, the opening and closing valve 323 is opened by the pressure of the cleaned surface, and the lubricating fluid nozzle 321 sprays lubricant into the cavity of the upper and lower dies. Then the upper and lower dies close to complete one forging.

[0056] Throughout the forging process, the series elastic compensation structure composed of the elastic buffer 228 and the elastic constraint 227 continuously absorbs the clamping force fluctuations caused by the diameter tolerance or thermal expansion of the bar, ensuring that the clamping plate 223 always applies a stable and unloaded clamping force to the bar. At the same time, before each downward forging of the upper die, the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring 313 drives the bar to rotate 3°-8° circumferentially through the steering guide 314, so that the surface to be forged of the bar is updated sequentially. After about 12-20 forgings, the bar completes uniform forging of the entire circumference.

[0057] When the upper die returns, the above actions are reversed and reset, and the bar can be taken out or rotated for the next forging. Throughout the process, forging, clamping, oxide scale removal, circumferential rotation, and die lubrication are all completed by the single power source of the crank press 12 through the linkage drive mechanism 40, without the need for manual intervention or independent electrical control, thus ensuring the precise timing of the process.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0059] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing; the descriptions above and in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods, characterized in that: It includes a forging mechanism (10), a billet clamping mechanism (20), an oxidation protection mechanism (30), and a mechanical linkage drive mechanism (40). The forging mechanism (10) includes a forging frame (11) and a power unit installed at one end of the forging frame (11). Forging molds are installed between the forging frame (11) and the power unit to provide forging space and forging power. The billet clamping mechanism (20) includes a forging assembly table (21) fixedly connected inside the forging frame (11), and a clamp (22) mounted on the forging assembly table (21); the clamp (22) is connected to the linkage drive mechanism (40) for linkage clamping the tungsten copper alloy bar to be processed in accordance with the forging lifting action of the power unit. The oxidation protection mechanism (30) includes an oxide scale removal component (31) and a lubricating component (32); the oxide scale removal component (31) is fixedly connected to one of the clamps (22) and is used to move synchronously with the clamps (22) to remove the oxide scale on the surface of the tungsten copper alloy rod; the lubricating component (32) is assembled on the outside of the oxide scale removal component (31) and is used to move synchronously with the oxide scale removal component (31) to lubricate the forging die; The linkage drive mechanism (40) is simultaneously connected to the power unit of the forging mechanism (10), the clamp (22) of the billet clamping mechanism (20), and the oxidation protection mechanism (30) to realize the coordinated linkage of forging action, bar clamping action, oxide scale removal action and mold lubrication action.

2. The forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit of the forging mechanism (10) is a crank press (12). The output end of the crank press (12) is set towards the forging assembly table (21). The forging die includes an upper die and a lower die. The upper die is fixedly connected to the output end of the crank press (12), and the lower die is fixedly connected to the forging assembly table (21) at a position directly opposite to the upper die.

3. The forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of clamps (22) is two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the forging die on the forging assembly table (21). Both sets of clamps (22) are connected to the linkage drive mechanism (40) for synchronously applying clamping force from both ends of the tungsten copper alloy rod.

4. A forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The fixture (22) includes a synchronous expansion member (221), two constraint seats (222) and two clamping plates (223); the synchronous expansion member (221) is rotatably connected to the middle of the forging assembly table (21) and is connected to the linkage drive mechanism (40); the two constraint seats (222) are symmetrically fixed on the surface of the forging assembly table (21) to guide and constrain the horizontal displacement of the clamping plates (223); the two clamping plates (223) are slidably assembled in the two constraint seats (222) respectively, and are both connected to the synchronous expansion member (221) to move synchronously towards or away from each other under the drive of the synchronous expansion member (221).

5. The forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 4, characterized in that: The synchronous expansion and contraction component (221) includes a drive toothed disc (224), a traction rope (225), two constraint cylinders (226), and two sets of elastic constraint members (227). The drive toothed disc (224) is rotatably connected to the middle of the forging assembly table (21) and meshes with the linkage drive mechanism (40) for transmission. The traction rope (225) passes through the middle groove of the drive toothed disc (224), and its two ends are fixedly connected to the two sets of elastic constraint members (227) respectively. The two constraint cylinders (226) are coaxially fixedly connected to the outer end faces of the two clamping plates (223). The elastic constraint member (227) is composed of a wire harness and a compression spring, and the elastic sliding limit is located inside the constraint cylinder (226). The wire harness is fixedly connected to the end of the traction rope (225).

6. The forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constraint cylinder (226) is fitted with an elastic buffer (228), which is a cylindrical helical buffer spring. Its two ends abut against the opposite end faces of the constraint seat (222) and the clamping plate (223), respectively. The clamping plate (223) has an inwardly bent L-shaped structure. Its bent end is rotatably connected to a relief wheel for avoiding axial displacement of the bar. Its middle part is rotatably connected to an extrusion column (229) for contacting the end face of the bar. The extrusion column (229) and the clamping plate (223) are rotatably connected through a thrust bearing.

7. The forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage drive mechanism (40) includes a connecting frame (41), a linkage rod (42), and a transmission gear column (43); the connecting frame (41) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the upper die at the output end of the crank press (12); the upper end of the linkage rod (42) is hinged to the side wall of the connecting frame (41), and the lower end is hinged to the upper end of the transmission gear column (43); the transmission gear column (43) is slidably connected in the middle through hole of the forging assembly table (21), and its side facing the drive gear disc (224) is provided with continuous teeth, which mesh with the outer teeth of the drive gear disc (224) for transmission.

8. The forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxide scale removal component (31) includes a U-shaped mounting bracket (311), a semi-circular frame (312), a high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring (313), and multiple steering guides (314). The open end of the U-shaped mounting bracket (311) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the clamping plates (223), and the closed end is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the semi-circular frame (312). Multiple steering guides (314) are fixed in a ring at equal intervals to the inner wall of the semi-circular frame (312). The high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring (313) is slidably assembled on the inner side of the semi-circular frame (312) through multiple steering guides (314). The steering guide (314) is an inclined guide column seat with a reset spring, which is used to guide the high-temperature resistant steel wire brush ring (313) to rotate along the inclined trajectory when scraping oxide scale, thereby driving the tungsten copper alloy rod to adjust the forging angle circumferentially.

9. A forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lubricating component (32) includes a lubricating fluid nozzle (321), a spring-loaded conduit (322), and a normally closed on / off valve (323). The lubricating fluid nozzle (321) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the semi-circular frame (312), and its nozzle is inclined toward the cavity of the forging die. One end of the spring-loaded conduit (322) is connected to an external high-pressure lubricating oil tank, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the lubricating fluid nozzle (321) through the on / off valve (323). The on / off valve (323) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the semi-circular frame (312), and its pressing end is set toward the axial direction of the tungsten copper alloy rod. It is used to be opened by the surface of the cleaned rod when the oxide scale is scraped off by the high-temperature steel wire brush ring (313), so as to open the lubricating fluid delivery channel.

10. A forging apparatus for producing tungsten-copper alloy rods according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressing end of the opening and closing valve (323) is fixedly provided with a high temperature and wear-resistant contact head. The end face of the wear-resistant contact head and the inner side of the high temperature steel wire brush ring (313) are on the same cylindrical surface. The axis of the steering guide (314) and the radial angle of the semi-circular frame (312) are 15°-30°. The preload of its return spring is greater than the maximum sliding friction between the high temperature steel wire brush ring (313) and the tungsten copper alloy rod.

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