A multifunctional composite air purification filter material and its preparation method
By using a multi-layer composite filter material with the synergistic effect of modified activated carbon, copper sulfate, zinc, and imidazole, the problem of air purifier filters being unable to efficiently purify multiple pollutants has been solved, achieving the effect of multi-functional purification and space saving with thin-layer filter material.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610512527.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing air purifier filters cannot efficiently remove multiple air pollutants, and require multiple filter elements, resulting in a bulky structure that cannot achieve multi-functional purification within a limited space.
Modified activated carbon, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and 2-aminoimidazole are used in synergy, embedded between an activated manganese catalytic framework and electrostatic meltblown fabric to form a three-layer composite structure that removes formaldehyde, particulate matter, and odorous gases respectively.
It achieves efficient removal of formaldehyde, particulate matter, and odorous gases simultaneously with extremely low thickness, saving filter space, enhancing odor removal capabilities, inhibiting microbial odors, avoiding clogging of activated carbon pores, and improving purification efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122300002A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of adsorption filtration material preparation technology, specifically a multifunctional composite air purification filter material and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Current air purifiers use non-woven fabric filter elements, which can only effectively purify 1 to 2 types of pollutants. They cannot effectively purify multiple air pollution sources (particulate matter, formaldehyde, odorous gases, etc.) with a single filter.
[0003] To achieve multiple purification functions, an air purifier typically requires multiple different filter elements, resulting in a large overall filter space and a bulky filter structure. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multifunctional composite air purification filter material and its preparation method. Activated carbon is modified to remove sulfur and nitrogen compounds and odorous gases that are difficult to adsorb using conventional methods through ion network interaction. Copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and 2-aminoimidazole are used synergistically to effectively complex and adsorb odorous gases with low olfactory thresholds, such as trimethylamine and methanethiol, which are difficult to treat. This modified activated carbon is then embedded between an activated manganese catalytic framework cloth and an electrostatic meltblown cloth, maintaining an extremely low filter material thickness. This allows a single filter material to simultaneously and efficiently remove formaldehyde, particulate matter, and odors.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a method for preparing a multifunctional composite air purification filter material is designed, characterized by comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1, Preparation method of transition metal ion modified carbon:
[0007] S11, a transition metal ion modifier: its main components are copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and 2-aminoimidazole;
[0008] S12, the activated carbon is impregnated in a transition metal ion modifier, with equal weight impregnation, impregnation time of 1 hour, and impregnation temperature of 60℃;
[0009] S13. Remove the impregnated activated carbon and dry it in an oven at 105℃ for later use. The final moisture content should be <10%.
[0010] S2, Filter media composite method:
[0011] S21, active manganese dioxide powder is loaded onto a non-woven fabric skeleton as the bottom layer structure, the manganese dioxide crystal powder has the crystal form of α-MnO2 or δ-MnO2, and the basis weight of the non-woven fabric skeleton is 40~60 g / m².
[0012] S22, hot melt adhesive is sprayed onto the catalytic framework, with a spraying amount of <10 g / m²;
[0013] S23, Transition metal ion modified carbon is sprayed onto the coating surface of the catalytic framework, with a spraying amount of 30~60 g / m², to obtain the middle layer structure of the filter material;
[0014] S24, electrostatic meltblown coating is applied to spunbond fabric, and the meltblown surface is covered with an activated carbon layer to obtain the upper structure of the filter material.
[0015] S25 is a three-layer composite filter material with a thickness of <1mm.
[0016] The copper sulfate has a copper ion concentration of 0.2~0.8 mol / L; the zinc sulfate has a zinc ion concentration of 0.01~0.2 mol / L and a 2-aminoimidazole concentration of 0.05~0.6 mol / L.
[0017] The activated carbon has a mesh size of 60-100 and a CTC of 70 or higher.
[0018] The equal weight impregnation refers to 1 kg of carbon impregnated in 1 kg of modifier.
[0019] The nonwoven fabric skeleton is a wet-laid PET skeleton.
[0020] A multifunctional composite air purification filter material is prepared based on the preparation method of the multifunctional composite air purification filter material described in any one of the above claims.
[0021] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a multifunctional composite air purification filter material and its preparation method. Modified activated carbon can remove sulfur and nitrogen compounds and odorous gases that are difficult to adsorb using conventional methods through ion network interaction. The use of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and 2-aminoimidazole synergistically effectively complexes and adsorbs odorous gases with low olfactory thresholds, such as trimethylamine and methanethiol, which are difficult to treat. This modified activated carbon is then embedded between an activated manganese catalytic framework cloth and an electrostatic meltblown cloth, maintaining an extremely low filter material thickness, thus achieving efficient removal of formaldehyde, particulate matter, and odors from a single filter material. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter cloth of the present invention.
[0023] join Figure 1 1 is the bottom layer structure: a spunbond fabric skeleton loaded with activated manganese dioxide powder; 2 is the middle layer structure: modified activated carbon powder; 3 is the top layer structure: spunbond fabric + meltblown fabric. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] This invention provides a composite nonwoven filter material with a three-layer structure consisting of a catalytic framework, modified activated carbon, and electrostatic meltblown material. It has the following technical advantages:
[0026] 1. Catalytic reaction to remove formaldehyde (catalytic framework layer): Active manganese dioxide powder is loaded onto a PET nonwoven fabric framework; manganese dioxide catalyzes the decomposition of formaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water.
[0027] 2. Modified activated carbon for removing sulfur and nitrogen compounds and odor gases (modified activated carbon layer): Transition metal ions are loaded onto activated carbon, and the complexation effect adsorbs sulfur and nitrogen compounds and odor gases.
[0028] 3. Electrostatic meltblown removal of particulate matter (electrostatic meltblown layer): electrostatic adsorption.
[0029] 4. Composite structure design: Activated carbon powder is embedded between the catalytic framework and the meltblown cloth, without increasing the overall thickness of the composite filter material.
[0030] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a multifunctional composite air purification filter material and its preparation method, comprising the following steps:
[0031] S1, Preparation method of transition metal ion modified carbon:
[0032] S11, a transition metal ion modifier is prepared: the main components are copper sulfate, zinc sulfate and 2-aminoimidazole; the copper ion concentration in copper sulfate is 0.2~0.8 mol / L; the zinc ion concentration in zinc sulfate is 0.01~0.2 mol / L, and the 2-aminoimidazole concentration is 0.05~0.6 mol / L;
[0033] S12, the activated carbon is impregnated in a transition metal ion modifier, with equal weight impregnation (1 kg of activated carbon impregnated in 1 kg of transition metal ion modifier), the impregnation time is 1 hour, and the impregnation temperature is 60℃; the specifications of the activated carbon are 60-100 mesh, CTC70 and above.
[0034] S13. Remove the impregnated activated carbon and dry it in an oven at 105℃ for later use. The final moisture content should be <10%.
[0035] S2, Filter media composite method:
[0036] S21, Active manganese dioxide powder is loaded onto a non-woven fabric skeleton (i.e., PET wet-process skeleton) as the bottom layer structure 1. The manganese dioxide crystal powder has the crystal form of α-MnO2 or δ-MnO2, and the basis weight of the non-woven fabric skeleton is 40~60 g / m².
[0037] S22, hot melt adhesive is sprayed onto the catalytic framework, with a spraying amount of <10 g / m²;
[0038] S23, Transition metal ion modified carbon is sprayed onto the coating surface of the catalytic framework, with a spraying amount of 30~60 g / m², to obtain the filter material middle layer structure 2;
[0039] S24, electrostatic meltblown coating is applied to spunbond fabric, and the meltblown surface is covered with an activated carbon layer to obtain the upper structure 3 of the filter material;
[0040] S25 is a three-layer composite filter material with a thickness of <1mm.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional composite air purification filter material is prepared based on the preparation method of the multifunctional composite air purification filter material described in any one of the above-mentioned methods.
[0042] The main components of the transition metal ion modifier of this invention are copper sulfate (0.5 mol / L), zinc sulfate (0.05 mol / L), and 2-aminoimidazole at a concentration of 0.05 mol / L; the activated carbon has a mesh size of 60-100 mesh and a CTC value of 70. The impregnation ratio of the transition metal ion modifier to activated carbon is 1 kg:1 kg, i.e., equal weight impregnation, and the impregnation time of the activated carbon is 1 hour; the final thickness of the composite filter material is <1 mm; the content of manganese dioxide powder per square meter is 20-50 grams; the content of modified activated carbon per square meter is 30-60 grams; the content of adhesive per square meter is <10 grams; and the change in resistance before and after composite filter material is <20%.
[0043] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0044] 1. The transition metal ion modified carbon produced in this invention can remove sulfur and nitrogen compounds and odorous gases that are difficult to adsorb in conventional ways through ion network cooperation. The catalytic framework and electrostatic melt-blown layer used can effectively remove formaldehyde and particulate pollutants in the current indoor environment. The 3-in-1 thin-layer structure (thickness <1mm) makes this filter material compatible with most filter elements of current indoor air purifiers, saving filter element space and achieving better air purification effect in a limited space, while solving the three major sources of pollution: odor, formaldehyde and particulate matter.
[0045] 2. The transition metal ion modifier material in this invention, using copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and 2-aminoimidazole in synergy, can effectively complex and adsorb odors with low olfactory thresholds that are difficult to treat, such as trimethylamine and methanethiol. Compared with existing technologies, the complexation effect has a superior odor removal capability, and the introduction of copper ions endows the material with antibacterial properties, further inhibiting odors generated during microbial reproduction.
[0046] 3. The transition metal ion modified carbon in this invention has an impregnation modification process temperature of 60°C and an impregnation time of 1 hour, which can make the three reagent components uniformly cross-linked and distributed on the pore walls of the activated carbon. Compared with the prior art, it can prevent the adsorption performance from decreasing due to reagent blockage of activated carbon pores caused by uneven impregnation.
[0047] 4. In this invention, the activated carbon has a mesh size of 60-100, a CTC of 70, and a carbon weight of 30-60 grams. This ensures that the thickness of the 3-in-1 multifunctional composite air purification filter material is not increased during the lamination of the 3-layer filter paper structure, and prevents activated carbon shedding from the filter material. Compared with existing technologies, this reduces the thickness of the filter material, saves filtration space, and avoids dirt problems during use.
[0048] Example 1:
[0049] S1, Preparation of transition metal ion modified carbon: Prepare a transition metal ion modifier, the main components of which are copper sulfate, zinc sulfate and 2-aminoimidazole (the concentration of copper ions in the modifier is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of zinc ions is 0.05 mol / L, and the concentration of 2-aminoimidazole is 0.05 mol / L); immerse activated carbon (mesh size 60-300 mesh, CTC 70 or above) in the metal ion modifier, with equal weight impregnation (1 kg of carbon impregnated in 1 unit of modifier), impregnation temperature 60℃, impregnation time 1 h, remove the impregnated activated carbon and dry it at 105℃ for later use, with a final moisture content <10%.
[0050] S2, Filter Media Composite: The bottom layer is a non-woven fabric skeleton loaded with highly active manganese dioxide, with manganese dioxide crystal powder in the form of α-MnO2 or δ-MnO2, and the non-woven fabric skeleton has a basis weight of 40-60 g / m²; hot melt adhesive is sprayed onto the catalytic skeleton, with a spraying amount of <10 g / m²; transition metal ion modified carbon is sprayed onto the adhesive-coated surface of the catalytic skeleton, with a spraying amount of 40-60 g / m², which is the middle layer structure of the filter media; an electrostatic melt-blown layer (melt-blown onto spunbond fabric) covers the activated carbon layer, which is the upper layer structure of the filter media; the thickness of the three-layer composite filter media is <1 mm.
[0051] Example 2: In this example, the concentration of copper ions in the modifier S1 is 0.55 mol / L, the concentration of zinc ions is 0.05 mol / L, the concentration of 2-aminoimidazole is 0.05 mol / L, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0052] Example 3: In this example, the concentration of copper ions in the modifier S1 is 0.6 mol / L, the concentration of zinc ions is 0.05 mol / L, the concentration of 2-aminoimidazole is 0.05 mol / L, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0053] Example 4: In this example, the concentration of copper ions in the modifier S1 is 0.65 mol / L, the concentration of zinc ions is 0.05 mol / L, the concentration of 2-aminoimidazole is 0.05 mol / L, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0054] Example 5: In this example, the concentration of copper ions in the modifier S1 is 0.7 mol / L, the concentration of zinc ions is 0.05 mol / L, the concentration of 2-aminoimidazole is 0.05 mol / L, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0055] Table 1 shows the odor removal rate results for Examples 1 to 5.
[0056] Table 1
[0057] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Methanethiol removal rate 97.09 97.12 96.26 96.01 96.33 Trimethylamine removal rate 96.24 96.25 96.96 97.16 97.56 Ammonia removal rate 96.15 96.75 97.12 96.53 96.20
Claims
1. A method for preparing a multifunctional composite air purification filter material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Preparation method of transition metal ion modified carbon: S11, a transition metal ion modifier: its main components are copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and 2-aminoimidazole; S12, the activated carbon is impregnated in a transition metal ion modifier, with equal weight impregnation, impregnation time of 1 hour, and impregnation temperature of 60℃; S13. Remove the impregnated activated carbon and dry it in an oven at 105℃ for later use. The final moisture content should be <10%. S2, Filter media composite method: S21, Active manganese dioxide powder is loaded onto a nonwoven fabric skeleton as the bottom layer structure (1), the manganese dioxide crystal powder crystal form is α-MnO2 or δ-MnO2, and the nonwoven fabric skeleton basis weight is 40~60 g / m². S22, hot melt adhesive is sprayed onto the catalytic framework, with a spraying amount of <10 g / m²; S23, the transition metal ion modified carbon is sprayed onto the coating surface of the catalytic framework, with a spraying amount of 30~60 g / m², to obtain the filter material middle layer structure (2). S24, electrostatic meltblown coating is applied to spunbond fabric, and the meltblown surface is covered with activated carbon layer to obtain the upper structure of filter material (3). S25 is a three-layer composite filter material with a thickness of <1mm.
2. The method for preparing a multifunctional composite air purification filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper sulfate has a copper ion concentration of 0.2~0.8 mol / L; the zinc sulfate has a zinc ion concentration of 0.01~0.2 mol / L and a 2-aminoimidazole concentration of 0.05~0.6 mol / L.
3. The method for preparing a multifunctional composite air purification filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated carbon has a mesh size of 60-100 and a CTC of 70 or higher.
4. The method for preparing a multifunctional composite air purification filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equal weight impregnation refers to 1 kg of carbon impregnated in 1 kg of modifier.
5. The method for preparing a multifunctional composite air purification filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonwoven fabric skeleton is a wet-laid PET skeleton.
6. A multifunctional composite air purification filter material, characterized in that: It is prepared according to the preparation method of the multifunctional composite air purification filter material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.