Multimodal information-driven method for dynamic generation of battlefield injuries

Abstract

This invention discloses a multimodal information-driven method for dynamically generating battlefield injuries, relating to the field of battle damage assessment technology. The method includes: using a public dataset, performing 3D reconstruction using 3D modeling software or specialized biomechanical software, simplifying organs into sets of polygonal facets; converting the human body model and fragment trajectories to the same global coordinate system, and performing intersection calculations for each fragment trajectory with hundreds or even thousands of polygonal facets representing different organs; inputting explosion parameters, fragment parameters, human posture, and explosion scene information; calculating shock wave and fragment field parameters; performing accelerated intersection detection to obtain which facet of which organ was hit, as well as the remaining velocity and angle at the time of impact; for each hit organ, calling its specific kill criterion for calculation, and outputting the final result according to the highest AIS level or overall damage level. This method can provide accurate and realistic injury support for combat-oriented first aid training.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battle damage assessment technology, and in particular to a method for dynamically generating battlefield injuries driven by multimodal information. Background Technology

[0002] Battle wound simulation technologies are a core foundation for supporting realistic battle wound first aid training and improving the core treatment capabilities of first aid personnel. The realism, dynamism, and scenario adaptability of these simulations directly determine the training effectiveness and the level of practical application. Furthermore, they are crucial for adapting to the complex wound needs of modern warfare and promoting the construction of a military-civilian integrated first aid training system. Modern warfare scenarios are complex and ever-changing, with various combat environments coexisting, including urban warfare, high-altitude mountainous terrain, and night raids. The widespread use of various munitions, such as high-explosive fragmentation grenades and bullets, leads to a diverse and complex range of battle wound types. Common combat injuries such as fragmentation wounds, combined shockwave injuries, and gunshot wounds place higher demands on battlefield first aid capabilities.

[0003] Currently, there are still many bottlenecks in the technology related to combat injury simulation, which make it difficult to meet the actual needs of combat training. This is mainly reflected in three core aspects: First, in the ammunition damage simulation stage, traditional technologies mostly focus on simple damage simulation of a single type of ammunition. They lack a dedicated and precise theoretical analysis system for typical multiple types of ammunition such as high-explosive fragmentation, shock waves, and bullets. The damage calculation algorithm is inefficient and lacks precision, making it impossible to simulate the complex damage situation during the projectile-target encounter process in real time and accurately. This results in a disconnect between ammunition damage simulation and actual combat, making it difficult to provide accurate basic data for injury generation. Secondly, in the human vulnerability simulation stage, traditional human vulnerability models mostly adopt a general part division mode, failing to finely separate functionally independent organs and tissues with significant differences in vulnerability. Furthermore, the simplification of organ geometry modeling is too high, making it impossible to accurately approximate the real shape and spatial location of human organs, resulting in significant deviations in fragment hit judgment. At the same time, there is a lack of experimentally verified specific lethality criteria, and the quantification of injuries lacks a unified and standardized standard, making it difficult to accurately describe the human injury state corresponding to different degrees of damage, further restricting the accuracy of injury simulation. Third, in the coupling link between scenario and injury, traditional injury simulation technology mostly adopts static and single scenario settings, without deeply integrating ammunition damage models, human vulnerability models and real combat scenarios. The scenario settings do not fully cover the typical combat environment and common injury types of modern warfare, and lack detailed quantitative descriptions of key parameters such as ammunition parameters, environmental conditions and initial human condition in the scenario. This leads to a disconnect between injury simulation and actual combat scenarios, and it is impossible to simulate the closed-loop process of "scenario parameter changes → damage adjustment → dynamic evolution of injury" in actual combat. The degree of realism of the training scenario is extremely low.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional injury simulations often employ static models, failing to capture the dynamic evolution of injuries over time and in different scenarios. This leads to a significant gap between combat injury first aid training and actual combat, hindering the effective improvement of trainees' emergency response decision-making capabilities. In summary, addressing the current technical shortcomings in combat injury simulations—such as inaccurate multi-munition damage calculations, coarse human vulnerability models, and weak coupling between scenarios and injuries—there is an urgent need to develop a multimodal information-driven injury simulation method. This method would integrate precise multi-munition damage calculations, refined human vulnerability simulation, and coupling technology with real combat scenarios. This would overcome the limitations of traditional techniques, provide technical support for realistic combat injury first aid training, help improve core combat injury first aid capabilities, and promote the improvement of the military-civilian integrated first aid training system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to provide a multimodal information-driven method for dynamically generating battlefield injuries that can provide accurate and realistic injury support for combat-oriented first aid training.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multimodal information-driven method for dynamically generating battlefield injuries, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) Creating a digital human body model:

[0008] Using public datasets, 3D reconstruction is performed using 3D modeling software or professional biomechanics software, simplifying organs into a collection of polygonal facets.

[0009] 2) Intersection algorithm optimization:

[0010] The human body model and fragment trajectories are transformed into the same global coordinate system. For each fragment trajectory, the intersection is found by traversing hundreds or even thousands of polygonal patches representing different organs. A spatial segmentation data structure is used to quickly eliminate obviously non-intersecting organs with a large bounding box, and then fine calculations are performed with organs that may intersect.

[0011] 3) System integration and computing:

[0012] Input: Explosion parameters, fragmentation parameters, human posture, and explosion scene information;

[0013] Calculate the parameters of the shock wave and fragmentation field;

[0014] Accelerated intersection detection is performed to obtain which organ and which facet was hit, as well as the remaining velocity and angle at the time of impact;

[0015] For each organ hit, its specific kill criteria are invoked for calculation;

[0016] Summarize the damage status of all organs and output the final results according to the highest AIS level or the overall damage level.

[0017] A further technical solution involves a method for calculating fragmentation damage from high-explosive fragmentation projectiles, which includes the following steps:

[0018] Parameter acquisition: Acquire parameters of high-explosive fragmentation grenade type, operational environment, and grenade-target rendezvous.

[0019] Fragment parameter quantification: Based on the theory of projectile fracture, calculate the mass and frontal area of ​​a single fragment, and match the corresponding air drag coefficient;

[0020] Velocity decay calculation: Substitute the above parameters into the fragment dispersion velocity decay formula to calculate the instantaneous velocity of the fragment when it impacts the human body;

[0021] Kinetic energy transfer calculation: Based on the type of human tissue at the impact site, determine the kinetic energy transfer coefficient, substitute it into the kinetic energy transfer calculation model, and obtain the effective kinetic energy;

[0022] Damage Quantification Assessment: Based on the effective kinetic energy threshold, the damage level of fragments to human tissue is quantified, providing data support for injury coding.

[0023] A further technical solution involves a calculation method for damage caused by an explosion shock wave, which includes the following steps:

[0024] Basic parameter acquisition: Obtain the explosive charge, the distance between the explosion center and the human body, and combat environment parameters;

[0025] Initial overpressure calculation: Substitute the basic parameters into the analytical formula for shock wave overpressure calculation to obtain the uncorrected peak overpressure;

[0026] Environmental correction calculation: Substitute environmental parameters into the correction algorithm to obtain the corrected actual overpressure peak value, ensuring that the calculation fits the actual combat environment;

[0027] Impulse calculation: The impulse of the shock wave is obtained based on the formula for calculating the peak overpressure and the duration of action.

[0028] Transient damage quantification: Based on the overpressure-impulse damage threshold, the degree of transient impact damage to the human body by the shock wave is determined and quantified into corresponding injury data.

[0029] A further technical solution involves the following steps in the method of bullet damage:

[0030] Data Acquisition: Obtain bullet parameters, flight parameters, and combat environment parameters;

[0031] Energy loss calculation: Substitute the energy loss algorithm formula to calculate the energy loss during the bullet's flight, and then obtain the instantaneous velocity upon impact with the human body. ;

[0032] Offset Calculation: Combining the effects of gravity and air resistance, the ballistic offset calculation formula is used to obtain the vertical offset of the ballistic trajectory, and to determine the actual part of the human body that the bullet hits.

[0033] Depth calculation: Combining the penetration resistance strength of human tissue at the impact site, the penetration depth is calculated using the penetration depth calculation formula to obtain the bullet penetration depth;

[0034] Damage quantification: Based on the penetration depth and ballistic deviation, combined with human tissue thickness parameters, determine whether the bullet has caused penetrating damage and quantify the damage level.

[0035] A further technical solution involves a multi-missile collaborative computing method comprising the following steps:

[0036] Construct a multi-ammunition parameter sharing library, integrating basic parameters, environmental correction parameters, and human tissue parameters for each ammunition type to enable rapid parameter retrieval;

[0037] The calculation algorithms for each type of ammunition are optimized to be lightweight, and iterative calculations are used to simplify the model, reduce redundant calculations, and control the response time of damage calculation for a single type of ammunition.

[0038] The design of a collaborative scheduling algorithm automatically matches the corresponding theoretical analytical formulas and calculation models based on the type of ammunition in the combat scenario, thereby enabling the synchronous calculation of composite damage from multiple ammunition types.

[0039] A further technical solution involves a method for assessing human lethality that includes the following steps:

[0040] 1) Human target plate model:

[0041] The human body is simplified into a geometric model composed of key parts;

[0042] Each part is assigned an equivalent presentation area, which is a vector element with its spatial position and normal direction;

[0043] Intersection judgment: Through geometric calculation, determine whether the scattered fragments and shock wave front intersect with the surface elements of these human body parts.

[0044] 2) Shockwave lethality criteria:

[0045] Lung injury: This is the primary lethal effect of shock waves;

[0046] Bowen lung injury curves: presented as overpressure-impulse (PI) curves, with impulse on the horizontal axis and peak overpressure on the vertical axis; different curves correspond to different injury probabilities; ΔP at the target location is calculated. s and I s Then, by plotting points on the PI chart, the mortality rate or injury level can be quickly read.

[0047] Auditory organ injury and blast injury: used to describe the relationship between blast shock waves with different overpressure peaks and the probability of causing severe lung damage in mammals;

[0048] Fragmentation kill principle:

[0049] Penetrating lethality: Fragments must have sufficient energy to penetrate the skin and muscles and damage critical organs.

[0050] Kinetic energy criterion: This is the most commonly used rapid assessment method. A kinetic energy lethality threshold is set for each body part;

[0051] Typical values: approximately 80-100 J is required to penetrate the skin, and 150-200 J is required to cause a fatal injury.

[0052] Calculate: For a fragment of metal that reaches the human body, its kinetic energy is E. s = 1 / 2 * m * V s ². ; If E s > E th If so, it is considered that the corresponding level of damage has been caused to the affected area.

[0053] 3) Combined lethality assessment:

[0054] The killing effects of shock waves and fragments are not independent. They use "OR" logic, which means that as long as the human body meets either the shock wave killing criterion or the fragment killing criterion, it is determined to be killed.

[0055] A further technical solution involves a battlefield environment coupling method that includes the following steps:

[0056] Scene selection and parameter retrieval: Trainees or the system select a typical combat injury scenario according to training needs. The system automatically retrieves three categories of parameters from the scenario parameter library: ammunition parameters, environmental conditions, and initial human state.

[0057] Parameter input and module linkage: Environmental condition parameters are used to correct the ammunition damage calculation results; ammunition parameters are directly used as the core input for damage calculation; human body initial state parameters are used to determine the initial vulnerability of human organs and tissues.

[0058] Collaborative calculation of damage and vulnerability: Based on the ammunition parameters and environmental parameters adapted to the scenario, calculate the damage situation during the projectile-target encounter; based on the initial state parameters of the human body and the damage calculation results, determine the degree of damage to human organs and tissues, and generate an initial injury code;

[0059] Scene-driven dynamic evolution of injury: Combines dynamic changes in the scene, updates scene parameters in real time, and synchronously drives recalculation to realize the dynamic evolution of injury as the scene changes;

[0060] Coupled verification and adaptation adjustment: The system performs collaborative verification of scene parameters, damage calculation results, and injury generation results to determine the adaptability of the injury to the scene. If the adaptability is less than 90%, the system automatically adjusts the scene parameters or damage calculation correction coefficient.

[0061] Scene-Wound Linkage Output: The final output is a dynamic wound condition that is precisely adapted to typical combat scenarios, simultaneously presenting scene parameters, damage process, and wound evolution trajectory.

[0062] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The method achieves accurate and dynamic simulation of combat injuries through multi-dimensional technology integration. Specifically, by designing exclusive and precise theoretical analytical formulas and optimization algorithms for typical multiple types of ammunition such as high-explosive fragmentation, shock waves, and bullets, it can quickly and accurately calculate complex damage situations during projectile-target encounters; it constructs a refined human vulnerability model, performs refined disassembly and precise geometric modeling of human organs and tissues, and assigns exclusive experimental verification kill criteria and AIS injury codes; it extracts multiple typical combat scenarios based on the characteristics of modern warfare, deeply couples ammunition damage models, human vulnerability models, and scenario parameters, and ultimately achieves dynamic generation of injuries driven by multi-modal information, providing accurate and realistic injury support for combat-oriented first aid training. Attached Figure Description

[0063] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] Figure 1 This is the main flowchart of the method described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 This is a damage level model diagram in the method described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 This is the Bowen curve diagram in the method described in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this invention discloses a multimodal information-driven method for dynamically generating battlefield injuries, the method comprising the following steps:

[0070] 1) Creating a digital human body model:

[0071] Source: CT / MRI data using public datasets such as the Visible Human Project or CASMRI.

[0072] Tools: Use 3D modeling software (such as Blender, 3ds Max) or professional biomechanics software (such as Mimics) to perform 3D reconstruction, simplifying organs into a collection of polygonal facets.

[0073] 2) Intersection algorithm optimization:

[0074] Transform the human model and the fragment trajectory into the same global coordinate system.

[0075] For each fragment trajectory, instead of finding the intersection with a single "big box", it involves traversing and finding the intersection with hundreds or even thousands of polygonal faces representing different organs.

[0076] Acceleration strategy: Use spatially partitioned data structures (such as BVH hierarchical bounding boxes or Octree octrees) to significantly accelerate intersection detection. This is the key technology for achieving fast computation. First, use a large bounding box to quickly eliminate obviously disjoint organs, and then perform fine-grained calculations with potentially intersecting organs.

[0077] 3) System integration and computing:

[0078] Develop scripts or programs to automate the following processes:

[0079] Input: Explosion parameters, fragment parameters, human posture.

[0080] Step 1: Calculate the shock wave and fragment field parameters.

[0081] Step 2: Perform accelerated intersection detection to obtain "which organ and which facet was hit" and "the remaining velocity and angle at the time of the hit".

[0082] Step 3: For each organ that is hit, calculate its specific kill criteria.

[0083] Step 4: Summarize the damage status of all organs and output the final results according to the highest AIS grade or the overall injury level (New Injury Severity Score, NISS).

[0084] In this application, the inputs include explosive type, yield (W), target distance (R), the orientation and attitude of the human body relative to the blast center, and armor condition. The shock wave parameters (ΔP) are calculated. s , I s ). Calculate the fragment field parameters (calculate V for each fragment or fragment group). s , m).

[0085] Intersection and Evaluation:

[0086] Traversing every key part of the human body. Shock wave: Determine the distance of that part from the epicenter and calculate the ΔP it experiences. s and I s (Considering factors such as reflection and shielding), use the Bowen curve to assess damage. Fragments: Determine if any fragments hit the affected area. If so, calculate their kinetic energy E. s , with threshold E th Compare and assess the damage.

[0087] Output: Overall damage level: e.g., "Fatal Wound (AIS 4+)", "Severe Wound (AIS 3)", "Minor Wound (AIS 2)". Detailed report: Outputs damage details for each body part, number of lethal fragments, primary lethal agent (whether it's a shockwave or fragments), etc.

[0088] The steps involved in the method are described in detail below:

[0089] Modeling of damage effects of multiple types of ammunition:

[0090] The core objective of this method is to overcome the limitations of traditional single-ammunition damage simulation. By constructing a dedicated theoretical analysis system and efficient calculation model for three typical types of ammunition—fragmentation of high-explosive fragmentation projectiles, shock waves, and bullets—it enables real-time, accurate, and rapid calculation of complex damage situations during projectile-target encounters, providing core data support for dynamic damage simulation.

[0091] Implementation of fragmentation damage calculation for high-explosive fragmentation bombs:

[0092] Based on the theories of fragmentation dynamics and kinetic energy damage, the damage mechanism of high-explosive fragmentation projectiles is clarified: After detonation, the projectile breaks apart, producing a large number of fragments. During dispersion, the fragments' velocity decreases due to air resistance. Upon impact with the human body, they cause mechanical damage to organs and tissues through kinetic energy transfer. The degree of damage is closely related to the fragment mass, dispersion velocity, dispersion angle, and impact location. The core idea is to quantify the velocity changes during fragment dispersion, calculate the actual kinetic energy of the fragments upon impact with the human body, and combine this with human tissue vulnerability parameters to achieve accurate assessment of the degree of damage.

[0093] Initial velocity of the fragment (V0):

[0094] Recommended formula: Gurney's formula. It is the authoritative analytical method for calculating the initial velocity of warhead fragments.

[0095] formula: (where √(2E) is the Gurney constant, approximately 2438 m / s for TNT and steel; β = M) a / M e (This is the ratio of the mass of the propellant charge to the mass of the metal casing).

[0096] For pre-fragmented fragments, β is the ratio of the mass of a single fragment to the mass of its corresponding propellant charge.

[0097] Angle of fragment scattering (Ω):

[0098] For cylindrical shells, the scattering angle of the natural fragment field is usually assumed to be 90° (45° above and below the plane perpendicular to the shell axis).

[0099] For pre-fragmented warheads, the dispersion angle is a pre-designed input parameter (e.g., ±30°).

[0100] Number of fragments (N), mass distribution (m), and spatial distribution:

[0101] Natural fragments: The Mott or Holden distribution is used to predict the number of fragments in different quality ranges.

[0102] Pre-formed fragments: Quantity, quality, and initial spatial distribution are known input parameters.

[0103] The fragment density (λ) at a point P in space can be calculated based on geometric relationships such as the scattering angle and distance.

[0104] Fragment velocity decay (V):

[0105] During the fragment dispersion process, the velocity gradually decreases due to air resistance. Based on the air resistance theory, a velocity decay formula is derived. Considering factors such as fragment shape and air density, the recommended formula is the constant drag coefficient model. The velocity (V) at the target is less than the initial velocity (V0).

[0106]

[0107] in The distance the fragments scattered was Instantaneous velocity (m / s); The initial fragmentation velocity (m / s) is determined by the parameters of the high-explosive fragmentation bomb and the detonation conditions. Air density (kg / m³) is obtained in real time based on operational environment parameters; The air resistance coefficient of the fragments is preset according to the fragment shape (such as irregular fragments, spherical fragments) and can be modified as needed; The windward area of ​​the fragment (m²) is calculated from the fragment mass and shape parameters. The mass of a single fragment (kg) is quantified by parameters such as the mass of the high-explosive fragmentation projectile and the degree of fragmentation. This represents the distance (m) from which the fragments disperse, i.e., the actual distance between the projectile and the target when they meet.

[0108] Fragment kinetic energy transfer calculation model:

[0109] The amount of kinetic energy transferred when fragments impact the human body directly determines the degree of injury. Combining the kinetic energy theorem and the theory of human tissue impact damage, a kinetic energy transfer calculation model is constructed, as shown in the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] The effective kinetic energy (J) transferred from the fragment to human tissue; The kinetic energy transfer coefficient (0 < <1, determined by the type of human tissue at the impact site (such as bone, muscle, internal organs), and the remaining parameters are consistent with the fragment dispersion velocity decay formula.

[0112] Implementation steps:

[0113] Parameter acquisition: Obtain parameters of the high-explosive fragmentation grenade type (projectile mass, explosive charge), combat environment parameters (air density), and projectile-target rendezvous parameters (scattering distance, initial velocity).

[0114] Fragment parameter quantification: Based on the theory of projectile fracture, calculate the mass and frontal area of ​​a single fragment, and match the corresponding air drag coefficient;

[0115] Velocity decay calculation: Substitute the above parameters into the fragment dispersion velocity decay formula to calculate the instantaneous velocity of the fragment when it impacts the human body;

[0116] Kinetic energy transfer calculation: Based on the type of human tissue at the impact site, determine the kinetic energy transfer coefficient, substitute it into the kinetic energy transfer calculation model, and obtain the effective kinetic energy;

[0117] Damage Quantification Assessment: Based on the effective kinetic energy threshold (determined by experimental verification), the damage level of fragments to human tissue is quantified, providing data support for injury coding.

[0118] Implementation of damage calculation for explosion shock wave:

[0119] Based on the overpressure-impulse damage theory, the damage mechanism of shock waves is clarified: the shock wave generated after the detonation of a high-explosive fragmentation projectile propagates outward at supersonic speeds, forming an instantaneous overpressure field. The synergistic effect of overpressure and impulse causes contusions, lacerations, and internal organ damage to human tissues. The degree of damage is closely related to the peak overpressure of the shock wave, the duration of impact, and environmental parameters. The core idea is to construct a shock wave overpressure calculation model, combined with environmental parameter corrections, to quantify the transient impact damage of overpressure-impulse on the human body.

[0120] Analytical formula for calculating shock wave overpressure:

[0121] Based on the point explosion wave theory, and considering the explosive charge and propagation distance of the high-explosive fragmentation projectile, the analytical formula for calculating the shock wave overpressure is derived, taking into account the attenuation of explosion energy. The formula is as follows:

[0122]

[0123] in, : Peak overpressure of the shock wave at a distance R from the explosion center (MPa); The explosive factor is determined by the type of explosive charge (TNT equivalent). The TNT explosive corresponds to... The value ranges from 0.85 to 0.95; : The TNT equivalent of the explosive charge in the high-explosive fragmentation bomb (kg); Distance between the explosion center and the human body (m); : Attenuation index, which is related to the propagation medium (air) and has a value range of 1.8 to 2.2, with a default value of 2.0.

[0124] Shock wave impulse calculation model:

[0125] The impulse of a shock wave is the integral of overpressure and duration, directly reflecting the destructive power of the shock wave. The formula is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] in, Shock wave impulse (MPa·s); : The function of shock wave overpressure as a function of time; The overpressure duration of the shock wave (s) is calculated from the charge amount W and the distance R, using the following formula: ; The peak value of the shock wave overpressure is derived from the above analytical formula for overpressure calculation.

[0128] Environmental parameter correction algorithm:

[0129] Considering the influence of environmental parameters such as temperature, air pressure, and wind speed on shock wave propagation, a correction formula is constructed to correct the overpressure peak value, as follows:

[0130]

[0131] in, : Corrected peak shock wave overpressure (MPa); Standard atmospheric pressure (0.1013 MPa); Actual combat environment air pressure (MPa); Standard temperature (288.15K); Actual combat environment temperature (K); : Wind speed (m / s) in actual combat environment. A positive value is taken when the wind speed direction is the same as the direction of shock wave propagation, and a negative value is taken when they are opposite.

[0132] Implementation steps:

[0133] Basic parameter acquisition: Obtain the explosive charge (TNT equivalent), the distance between the explosion center and the human body, and the combat environment parameters (temperature, air pressure, wind speed).

[0134] Initial overpressure calculation: Substitute the basic parameters into the analytical formula for shock wave overpressure calculation to obtain the uncorrected peak overpressure;

[0135] Environmental correction calculation: Substitute environmental parameters into the correction algorithm to obtain the corrected actual overpressure peak value, ensuring that the calculation fits the actual combat environment;

[0136] Impulse calculation: The impulse of the shock wave is obtained based on the formula for calculating the peak overpressure and the duration of action.

[0137] Transient damage quantification: Based on the overpressure-impulse damage threshold (verified by experiments and set according to different parts of the human body), the degree of transient impact damage of the shock wave on the human body is judged and quantified into the corresponding injury data.

[0138] Implementation of bullet damage calculation:

[0139] Based on ballistic penetration theory and energy loss theory, the damage mechanism of bullets is clarified: after firing, during its flight, the bullet experiences energy loss and trajectory deviation due to air resistance and gravity. Upon impact with the human body, it causes tissue penetration and tearing damage. The degree of damage is closely related to the bullet's penetration depth, trajectory deviation, and energy loss. The core idea is to calculate the bullet's penetration depth and trajectory deviation upon impact with the human body, and combine this with the quantification of energy loss to achieve accurate judgment of penetrating damage.

[0140] Formula for calculating bullet penetration depth:

[0141] Based on the theory of penetration dynamics, and combining bullet parameters with the characteristics of human tissue, the formula for calculating penetration depth is derived as follows:

[0142]

[0143] in, : Depth of bullet penetration into human tissue (m); Bullet mass (kg); : Instantaneous velocity of a bullet impacting a human body (m / s); The impact cross-sectional area (m²) of a bullet is determined by the bullet caliber. The penetration resistance (Pa) of human tissues is used to construct an experimental verification parameter library based on tissue type (bone, muscle, internal organs).

[0144] Bullet energy loss algorithm formula:

[0145] The energy loss during bullet flight mainly comes from air resistance. Combining the theory of air resistance and the kinetic energy theorem, an energy loss formula can be constructed:

[0146]

[0147] in, Energy loss during bullet flight (J); Initial velocity of the bullet (m / s);

[0148] The average velocity (m / s) of the bullet during its flight is taken as... ;

[0149] Bullet flight distance (m);

[0150] These are air density, bullet air drag coefficient, and impact cross-sectional area, respectively, consistent with the definitions in the above formula.

[0151] Ballistic deviation calculation formula:

[0152] Considering the effects of gravity and air resistance on the trajectory, a formula for calculating the trajectory deviation is constructed, with a focus on calculating the vertical deviation:

[0153]

[0154] in, Vertical deviation of the trajectory (m); Gravitational acceleration (9.8 m / s²); Bullet flight time (s), calculated from flight distance L and average velocity The calculation yields (t=L / ); The initial ballistic deviation (m) is determined by the firearm accuracy parameters; the other parameters are defined in the formula above.

[0155] Implementation steps:

[0156] Data collection: Acquire bullet parameters (mass, caliber, initial velocity of fire), flight parameters (flight distance), and combat environment parameters (air density);

[0157] Energy loss calculation: Substitute the energy loss algorithm formula to calculate the energy loss during the bullet's flight, and then obtain the instantaneous velocity upon impact with the human body. ;

[0158] Offset Calculation: Combining the effects of gravity and air resistance, the ballistic offset calculation formula is used to obtain the vertical offset of the ballistic trajectory, and to determine the actual part of the human body that the bullet hits.

[0159] Depth calculation: Combining the penetration resistance strength of human tissue at the impact site, the penetration depth is calculated using the penetration depth calculation formula to obtain the bullet penetration depth;

[0160] Damage quantification: Based on the penetration depth and ballistic deviation, combined with human tissue thickness parameters, determine whether the bullet has caused penetrating damage and quantify the damage level.

[0161] Multi-missile collaborative computing:

[0162] To improve the accuracy and speed of damage calculation and achieve collaborative adaptation of damage calculations for multiple ammunition types, the following strategies are adopted: First, a shared parameter library for multiple ammunition types is constructed, integrating basic parameters, environmental correction parameters, and human tissue parameters for each ammunition type to enable rapid parameter retrieval; second, the calculation algorithms for each ammunition type are optimized for lightweighting, employing iterative calculations to simplify the model, reduce redundant computations, and control the response time of damage calculations for a single ammunition type; third, a collaborative scheduling algorithm is designed to automatically match the corresponding theoretical analytical formulas and calculation models based on the ammunition type in the combat scenario, enabling synchronous calculation of composite damage from multiple ammunition types (such as fragmentation + shock wave composite damage). Through the above collaborative optimization, the accuracy and speed of damage calculation are significantly improved, completely breaking through the limitations of traditional single-ammunition type simulation, low computational efficiency, and disconnect from actual combat, providing accurate and efficient core data support for subsequent dynamic damage generation.

[0163] Human vulnerability modeling:

[0164] Principles of human body structure refinement:

[0165] Functional independence: separating organs and tissues that are functionally independent and have significantly different vulnerabilities. For example, the "chest" can be subdivided into the heart, lungs, major blood vessels, and ribs.

[0166] Geometric accuracy: Using finer geometry (multiple facets or simple voxels) to approximate the true shape and spatial location of organs, improving the accuracy of fragment hit detection.

[0167] Damage criterion specificity: Each refined structure is assigned a unique, experimentally validated kill criterion.

[0168] Specific detailed solutions (which can be implemented in stages), such as Figure 2 As shown:

[0169] Starting with the first level of refinement, we gradually increase to more detailed levels.

[0170] Level 1: Basic Model of Major Parts

[0171] Head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, upper limbs, lower limbs.

[0172] Level 2: Major organ / subsystem subdivision represents the optimal balance between precision and complexity and is the most commonly used in engineering.

[0173] Table 1: Classification of Human Body Structures

[0174]

[0175] Level 3: Advanced Refinement Model

[0176] Based on Level 2, projects requiring extremely high precision are further subdivided.

[0177] Brain -> Prefrontal lobe and temporal lobe (sensitive to shock waves);

[0178] Heart -> Left / Right Ventricle, Atrium;

[0179] Bones -> Cortical bone, cancellous bone (different in strength and density);

[0180] Major blood vessels are modeled separately as "linear" targets to determine whether they have been severed by fragments.

[0181] Assigning attributes and kill criteria to the refined structure:

[0182] This is the core value of refining the model. Each substructure needs to define the following properties:

[0183] Geometric properties:

[0184] Presentation area (A_p): Used to calculate the probability of fragments hitting the target.

[0185] Thickness (d): Used to calculate penetration depth.

[0186] Spatial coordinates and normal direction: used for accurate intersection detection.

[0187] Physical / Biomechanical Properties:

[0188] Density (ρ);

[0189] Elastic modulus;

[0190] Critical strain / stress: The threshold for tissue failure.

[0191] Specific lethality rules (key!):

[0192] Fragmentation damage:

[0193] Specific kinetic energy (SE) th This is a more precise indicator than the kinetic energy criterion. SE = (1 / 2 * m * v²) / A_fragment. The SE threshold varies among different organizations.

[0194] Typical values: Skin penetration: ~100-150 J / cm²; Severe liver and muscle damage: ~200-300 J / cm²; Bone fracture: >400 J / cm².

[0195] Penetration depth criterion: The penetration depth is calculated by combining the remaining kinetic energy of the fragment and tissue resistance. If the depth exceeds the thickness of the organ, it is considered a penetrating injury.

[0196] Shockwave damage:

[0197] Different organs have vastly different tolerances to shock waves.

[0198] Lungs: Still using Bowen curves.

[0199] Auditory system: There are specific standards for tympanic membrane rupture (a pressure of ~35 kPa has a 50% probability of rupture).

[0200] Brain (for TBI): Begin using intracranial pressure guidelines (e.g., >250-300 kPa may lead to severe brain injury) or brain tissue strain guidelines.

[0201] Human geometry and vulnerability model coding structure

[0202] In the code, the human body will be defined as an object containing multiple BodyRegions. Each BodyRegion contains multiple Organ objects.

[0203] Spatial positioning and intersection detection

[0204] Each Organ object needs to be associated with a transformation matrix to define its spatial position and orientation in the standard pose. During intersection detection, the trajectory of the fragment is transformed to the local coordinate system of the organ and then quickly intersected with the geometry representing the organ (such as a simplified bounding box or plane).

[0205] Human Vulnerability and Lethality Guidelines:

[0206] The table below provides key parameters for initializing the Organ class. Note: The thresholds are typical values ​​based on publicly available literature and should be adjusted according to the latest research or specific tasks in practical applications.

[0207] Table 2: Head Vulnerability and Lethality Criteria Lookup Table

[0208]

[0209] Table 3: Neck Vulnerability and Lethality Criteria Lookup Table

[0210]

[0211] Table 4: Chest Vulnerability and Lethality Criteria Lookup Table

[0212]

[0213] Table 5: Abdominal Vulnerability and Lethality Criteria Lookup Table

[0214]

[0215] Table 6: Pelvic Vulnerability and Lethality Criteria Lookup Table

[0216]

[0217] Table 7: Limb Vulnerability and Lethality Criteria Lookup Table

[0218]

[0219] The biomechanical thresholds and lethality criteria provided in the table are not arbitrary but based on extensive domestic and international publicly available literature, military medicine, and traumatology standards. The main sources can be summarized as follows:

[0220] Biomechanical experimental research:

[0221] Post-Mortem Human Surrogate (PMHS) experiments are the "gold standard" for obtaining tissue mechanical properties (such as bone strength and skin penetration threshold).

[0222] Animal experiments: used to study shock wave lung damage (the Bowen curve originated from animal experiments) and certain extreme tests that cannot be performed on humans.

[0223] Military medicine and trauma epidemiology research:

[0224] Battlefield casualty statistics: By analyzing injury reports from historical wars, we summarize typical damage patterns caused by different weapons and casualty rates for various body parts.

[0225] Hospital trauma databases, such as the National Trauma Database (NTDB) in the United States, provide detailed records of numerous injury cases, including traffic accidents, shootings, and explosions, which are used to analyze the relationship between injury severity (AIS score) and the cause of injury.

[0226] Engineering Standards and Manuals:

[0227] NATO standardization protocols (STANAG): such as STANAG 2920 (ballistic lethality standard) and STANAG 4517 (body armor testing standard) provide the kinetic energy and specific kinetic energy thresholds for fragmentation damage.

[0228] US military manuals, such as "TM 5-855-1 Fundamentals of Protective Design for Conventional Weapons", provide detailed criteria for the lethality of blast shock waves (overpressure-impulse curves).

[0229] Academic reviews and monographs:

[0230] Monographs such as "The Physics of Trauma" systematically summarize the biomechanical mechanisms and thresholds of various types of trauma.

[0231] Numerous review articles on blast injuries and ballistic injuries are important sources of threshold data.

[0232] The specific values ​​provided above are based on typical or median values ​​from the literature. In practical applications, these values ​​will fluctuate within a range due to individual differences, variations in clothing and equipment, and different explosion environments. The final model should allow users to adjust and calibrate these parameters according to mission requirements.

[0233] Human lethality assessment:

[0234] This is the most crucial part: converting physical parameters into damage levels.

[0235] Human target plate model:

[0236] The human body is simplified into a geometric model composed of key parts (organs / regions). For example: head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and limbs.

[0237] Each part is assigned an equivalent "presentation area" (A_p). This is a vector element with its spatial location and normal direction.

[0238] Intersection determination: Through geometric calculations, determine whether the scattered fragments and shock wave front intersect with the surface elements of these human body parts. This essentially involves solving for the intersection points of the straight line (fragment trajectory) and the surface elements, as well as the distance relationship between the point (human body part) and the explosion source.

[0239] Shockwave lethality criteria:

[0240] Lung injury: This is the main lethal effect of shock waves.

[0241] Bowen's lung injury curve: This is the most classic and authoritative guideline. It is presented as an overpressure-impulse (PI) curve, with impulse on the horizontal axis and peak overpressure on the vertical axis. Different curves correspond to different probabilities of injury (e.g., 1%, 50%, 99% mortality).

[0242] Application: Calculating ΔP at the target location s and I s Then, by plotting points on the PI chart, the mortality rate or injury level can be quickly read.

[0243] Hearing organ injury and throwing injury: There are corresponding criteria, but lung injury is usually the dominant factor.

[0244] This curve is a classic model established by I.G. Bowen et al. in 1965 based on animal experiments (sheep and dogs). It is used to describe the relationship between the explosive shock wave of different overpressure peaks (ΔP) and the probability of causing severe lung damage (severe hemorrhage / fatal) in mammals. It is a core tool for assessing the severity of blast injuries (especially primary blast injuries) and predicting risk.

[0245] Table 8: Correspondence Table of Bowen Curves

[0246]

[0247] like Figure 3 As shown, the classic Bowen curve is a set of S-shaped probability curves, with the horizontal axis representing the peak overpressure (ΔP, unit: psi) and the vertical axis representing the probability of injury (%). The figure below illustrates the core relationship: the values ​​above are illustrative; for precise curve parameters, please refer to the original Bowen literature or military medical manuals (such as STANAG 2920).

[0248] The Bowen curve provides a quantitative correlation between blast overpressure and the risk of lung injury, and is a predictive tool for assessing the severity of blast injuries.

[0249] Fragmentation kill principle:

[0250] Penetrating lethality: Fragments must have sufficient energy to penetrate the skin and muscles and damage critical organs.

[0251] Kinetic energy criterion: This is the most commonly used rapid assessment method. A kinetic energy lethality threshold (E) is set for each body part. th ).

[0252] Typical values: approximately 80-100 J is required to penetrate the skin, and 150-200 J is required to cause fatal injury (AIS≥4).

[0253] Calculate: For a fragment of metal that reaches the human body, its kinetic energy is E. s = 1 / 2 * m * V s ². If E s > E th If a specific area is identified, then the corresponding level of damage is considered to have occurred to that area.

[0254] A more refined criterion: Projectile kill criterion (PKK) can be considered, which combines specific kinetic energy (kinetic energy / cross-sectional area) and penetration depth, making it more accurate than the simple kinetic energy criterion.

[0255] Combined lethality assessment:

[0256] The killing effects of shock waves and fragmentation are not independent. A "OR" logic is typically used, meaning that a human body is considered killed if it meets either the shock wave killing criterion or the fragmentation killing criterion.

[0257] Battlefield environment coupling:

[0258] Based on scenario modeling theory, multimodal information coupling theory, and the principles of modern warfare, this paper clarifies the core coupling logic between scenario and injury: environmental conditions and ammunition parameters in the combat scenario directly affect the ammunition's damage effect, while the initial state of the human body directly affects the human body's response to damage. These three factors work together to determine the initial state and dynamic evolution of the injury. The core idea is to extract typical combat scenarios, quantify the three core dimensions of parameters—ammunition, environment, and human body—in these scenarios, and use them as input variables for multi-ammunition damage effect modeling and human vulnerability modeling. This enables real-time linkage between scenario parameters, damage calculation, and human vulnerability assessment, ultimately generating dynamic injuries precisely adapted to the scenario.

[0259] Based on the characteristics of modern warfare (urban warfare, high-altitude warfare, special operations, etc.) and referencing actual combat cases and combat casualty statistics, four typical combat casualty scenarios are identified: urban warfare (close-quarters combat in urban areas), high-altitude and mountainous warfare (high altitude, low air pressure environment), nighttime raid scenarios (low light, high mobility operations), and chemical contamination environment scenarios (toxic and hazardous environments). These scenarios comprehensively cover different combat environments, ammunition usage, and injury types, ensuring their representativeness and realism. For each of these four typical scenarios, three core dimensions—ammunition parameters, environmental conditions, and initial human condition—are described in detail and quantitatively. All parameters are determined based on actual combat data, experimental verification, and equipment technical parameters, and can be directly used as input variables to ensure accurate coupling. Simultaneously, the mainstream injury types corresponding to each scenario are clearly identified, achieving precise adaptation between scenarios and injuries.

[0260] The implementation steps are as follows:

[0261] Scene selection and parameter retrieval: Trainees or the system select a typical combat injury scenario according to training needs. The system automatically retrieves three categories of parameters from the scenario parameter library: ammunition parameters, environmental conditions, and initial human state, to ensure accurate parameter matching.

[0262] Parameter input and module linkage: Environmental condition parameters are used to correct the ammunition damage calculation results (such as air density and air pressure to correct shock wave overpressure and fragment velocity); Ammunition parameters are directly used as the core input for damage calculation (such as fragment mass and bullet velocity); Initial human body state parameters are used to determine the initial vulnerability of human organs and tissues (such as protective equipment to correct penetration resistance and health status to correct kinetic energy transfer coefficient).

[0263] Collaborative calculation of damage and vulnerability: Based on the scene-adapted ammunition parameters and environmental parameters, calculate the damage situation during the projectile-target encounter (such as effective kinetic energy of fragments, bullet penetration depth, and shock wave impulse); based on the initial state parameters of the human body and the damage calculation results, determine the degree of damage to human organs and tissues, and generate an initial injury code (AIS code).

[0264] Scene-driven dynamic evolution of injuries: Combined with dynamic changes in the scene (such as the spread of toxic agents, the spread of flames, and secondary explosions), scene parameters (such as the concentration of toxic agents and the ambient temperature) are updated in real time and recalculated synchronously to realize the dynamic evolution of injuries as the scene changes (such as in a chemical contamination scene, after the chemical protective suit is damaged, the injury evolves from a simple fragment injury to a fragment + chemical composite injury).

[0265] Coupling verification and adaptation adjustment: The system performs collaborative verification of scene parameters, damage calculation results, and injury generation results to determine the adaptability of the injury to the scene (e.g., injuries in high-altitude scenes need to include frostbite, altitude sickness, and combat injuries). If the adaptability is less than 90%, the system automatically adjusts the scene parameters or damage calculation correction coefficient to ensure coupling accuracy.

[0266] Scenario-Injury Linkage Output: The final output is a dynamic injury report that is precisely adapted to typical combat scenarios. It simultaneously presents scenario parameters, damage process and injury evolution trajectory, providing realistic and combat-oriented scenario and injury support for subsequent combat injury assessment and emergency response decision-making training.

[0267] Accurate theoretical analysis and rapid damage calculation for multiple types of ammunition overcome the limitations of traditional single-ammunition and inefficient calculation:

[0268] Addressing the technical pain points of traditional ammunition damage simulation—namely, limited ammunition type coverage, insufficient calculation accuracy, and delayed response—this study focuses on three typical ammunition types: high-explosive fragmentation, shock waves, and bullets. It innovatively designs exclusive, precise theoretical analytical formulas and corresponding optimized algorithms to achieve real-time and rapid calculation of complex damage scenarios during projectile-target encounters. For high-explosive fragmentation, a fragment dispersion velocity attenuation formula and a kinetic energy transfer calculation model are used to accurately quantify the damaging effects of fragment mass, initial velocity, and dispersion angle on the human body. For shock waves, an analytical formula is constructed based on overpressure-impulse damage theory, coupled with an environmental parameter correction algorithm, to simulate energy attenuation during shock wave propagation and transient impact damage to the human body. For bullets, ballistic penetration theory formulas and energy loss algorithms are used to calculate bullet penetration depth, ballistic deviation, and penetrating damage to human tissue. Through the synergy of a multi-ammunition-specific theoretical analytical system and efficient algorithms, the accuracy and speed of damage calculation are significantly improved, providing core data support for dynamic injury generation and overcoming the limitations of traditional single-ammunition simulation, low calculation efficiency, and disconnect from actual combat.

[0269] Refined human vulnerability model construction improves the accuracy of injury assessment and quantification:

[0270] The proposed method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional human vulnerability models, such as "coarse structure, vague vulnerability assessment, and non-standardized injury quantification," and constructs a refined human vulnerability model, achieving optimization and upgrading in three dimensions: First, it refines the subdivision of organs and tissues, breaking away from the traditional "general division of parts" model, and models organs and tissues with independent functions and significant differences in vulnerability separately. For example, the "chest" is subdivided into independent structures such as the heart, lungs, major blood vessels, and ribs, clearly defining the differences in vulnerability of each structure; Second, it refines the geometric shape modeling, using multiple facets or simple voxel combinations to accurately... It approximates the true geometry and spatial location of each organ and tissue, solving the problem of fragment hit judgment bias caused by traditional simplified modeling and greatly improving hit accuracy; thirdly, it standardizes the lethality criteria and injury quantification, assigning a unique lethality criterion to each refined organ and tissue, and the criterion has been verified by experimental data to ensure the scientific nature of vulnerability assessment. At the same time, it uses AIS coding to standardize and quantify the injury, clarifying the coding level corresponding to different degrees of damage, realizing the standardization and unification of injury description and quantification, and providing accurate basic model support for the subsequent dynamic evolution of injury.

[0271] Deeply integrated with real combat scenarios, constructing a multi-dimensional typical combat damage scenario system:

[0272] Breaking away from the traditional design limitations of disconnecting injury simulation from actual combat scenarios, this system deeply couples refined ammunition damage models and human vulnerability models with real combat scenarios, taking into account the high complexity and multi-scenario nature of modern warfare. This creates a comprehensive system of typical combat injury scenarios. The system covers various typical combat environments, including urban warfare, high-altitude mountainous terrain, night raids, and chemically contaminated environments. It also includes common combat injury types such as fragmentation wounds, combined shock wave injuries, burns with shock, and gunshot wounds, achieving precise matching between environment and injury. Each typical scenario is described in detail with multiple parameters, including ammunition parameters (fragmentation data, mass, initial velocity, dispersion angle, etc.), environmental conditions (temperature, air pressure, wind speed, etc.), and initial human condition (age, gender, health status, etc.), ensuring the realism and reproducibility of the scenarios. By linking scene parameters with ammunition damage and human vulnerability models, the dynamic generation of injuries is deeply adapted to actual combat scenarios, achieving a closed loop of "scene parameter changes → damage adjustment → dynamic evolution of injuries". This completely breaks through the problems of traditional single scenarios and disconnection from actual combat, providing scene support for realistic injury simulation.

[0273] Although the above embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-modal information driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method, characterized in that Includes the following steps: 1) Creating a digital human body model: Using public datasets, 3D reconstruction is performed using 3D modeling software or professional biomechanics software, simplifying organs into a collection of polygonal facets. 2) Intersection algorithm optimization: The human body model and fragment trajectories are transformed into the same global coordinate system. For each fragment trajectory, the intersection is found by traversing hundreds or even thousands of polygonal patches representing different organs. A spatial segmentation data structure is used to quickly eliminate obviously non-intersecting organs with a large bounding box, and then fine calculations are performed with organs that may intersect. 3) System integration and computing: Input: Explosion parameters, fragmentation parameters, human posture, and explosion scene information; Calculate the parameters of the shock wave and fragmentation field; Accelerated intersection detection is performed to obtain which organ and which facet was hit, as well as the remaining velocity and angle at the time of impact; For each organ hit, its specific kill criteria are invoked for calculation; Summarize the damage status of all organs and output the final results according to the highest AIS level or the overall damage level.

2. The multi-modal information driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method of claim 1, wherein, The method for calculating fragmentation damage from high-explosive fragmentation bombs includes the following steps: Parameter acquisition: Acquire parameters of high-explosive fragmentation grenade type, operational environment, and grenade-target rendezvous. Fragment parameter quantification: Based on the theory of projectile fracture, calculate the mass and frontal area of ​​a single fragment, and match the corresponding air drag coefficient; Velocity decay calculation: Substitute the above parameters into the fragment dispersion velocity decay formula to calculate the instantaneous velocity of the fragment when it impacts the human body; Kinetic energy transfer calculation: Based on the type of human tissue at the impact site, determine the kinetic energy transfer coefficient, substitute it into the kinetic energy transfer calculation model, and obtain the effective kinetic energy; Damage Quantification Assessment: Based on the effective kinetic energy threshold, the damage level of fragments to human tissue is quantified, providing data support for injury coding.

3. The multimodal information-driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method as described in claim 2, characterized in that: 1) Initial fragment velocity V0: Equation: , wherein is the Gurney constant; β = M a / M e is the ratio of charge mass to metal shell mass; 2) Angle of fragment dispersion Ω: For cylindrical shells, the scattering angle of the natural fragmentation field is set to 90°; For pre-fragmented warheads, the dispersion angle is a pre-designed input parameter; 3) Number of fragments N, mass distribution m, and spatial distribution: Natural fragments: Using the Mott or Holden distribution to predict the number of fragments in different quality ranges; Pre-formed fragments: Quantity, quality, and initial spatial distribution are known input parameters; The fragment density λ at a point P in space can be calculated based on geometric relationships such as the scattering angle and distance. 4) Fragment velocity decay V: The velocity V at the target point is less than the initial velocity V0: is the instantaneous velocity of the fragment at the distance of ; is the initial velocity of the fragment, determined by the parameters of the grenade type and the conditions of detonation; is the air density, obtained in real time according to the parameters of the operational environment; is the air resistance coefficient of the fragment, which can be corrected as needed according to the standard parameter library of the shape of the fragment; is the windward area of the fragment, calculated from the mass and shape parameters of the fragment; is the mass of a single fragment; is the scattering distance of the fragment; 5) Fragment kinetic energy transfer calculation model: The amount of kinetic energy transferred when fragments impact the human body directly determines the degree of injury. Combining the kinetic energy theorem and the theory of human tissue impact damage, a kinetic energy transfer calculation model is constructed, as shown in the following formula: wherein is the effective kinetic energy delivered to the human tissue by the fragment; is the kinetic energy transfer coefficient, determined by the type of human tissue at the impact site.

4. The multi-modal information driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method of claim 1, wherein, The calculation method for damage caused by an explosion shock wave includes the following steps: Basic parameter acquisition: Obtain the explosive charge, the distance between the explosion center and the human body, and combat environment parameters; Initial overpressure calculation: Substitute the basic parameters into the analytical formula for shock wave overpressure calculation to obtain the uncorrected peak overpressure; Environmental correction calculation: Substitute environmental parameters into the correction algorithm to obtain the corrected actual overpressure peak value, ensuring that the calculation fits the actual combat environment; Impulse calculation: The impulse of the shock wave is obtained based on the formula for calculating the peak overpressure and the duration of action. Transient damage quantification: Based on the overpressure-impulse damage threshold, the degree of transient impact damage to the human body by the shock wave is determined and quantified into corresponding injury data.

5. The multimodal information-driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: 1) Analytical formula for calculating shock wave overpressure: Based on the point explosion wave theory, and considering the explosive charge and propagation distance of the high-explosive fragmentation projectile, the analytical formula for calculating the shock wave overpressure is derived, taking into account the attenuation of explosion energy. The formula is as follows: wherein, is the peak overpressure of the shock wave at a distance R from the explosion center; is the explosion coefficient; is the TNT equivalent of the charge of the shaped charge; is the distance between the explosion center and the human body; is the attenuation exponent, which is related to the propagation medium; 2) Shock wave impulse calculation model: The impulse of a shock wave is the integral of overpressure and duration, directly reflecting the destructive power of the shock wave. The formula is as follows: : impulse of shock wave; : function of shock wave overpressure with time; : shock wave overpressure action time, calculated from charge weight W and distance R, formula ; : shock wave overpressure peak value; 3) Environmental parameter correction algorithm: Considering the influence of environmental parameters on shock wave propagation, a correction formula is constructed to correct the overpressure peak value, as follows: : corrected shock wave overpressure peak value; : standard atmospheric pressure; : actual combat environment air pressure; : standard air temperature; : actual combat environment air temperature; : actual combat environment wind speed, positive value when wind speed direction is consistent with shock wave propagation direction, negative value when wind speed direction is opposite to shock wave propagation direction.

6. The multi-modal information driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method of claim 1, wherein, The technical methods for causing bullet damage include the following steps: Data Acquisition: Obtain bullet parameters, flight parameters, and combat environment parameters; Loss calculation: the energy loss algorithm formula is substituted to calculate the energy loss amount in the process of bullet flight, and then the instantaneous speed when hitting the human body is obtained ; Offset Calculation: Combining the effects of gravity and air resistance, the ballistic offset calculation formula is used to obtain the vertical offset of the ballistic trajectory, and to determine the actual part of the human body that the bullet hits. Depth calculation: Combining the penetration resistance strength of human tissue at the impact site, the penetration depth is calculated using the penetration depth calculation formula to obtain the bullet penetration depth; Damage quantification: Based on the penetration depth and ballistic deviation, combined with human tissue thickness parameters, determine whether the bullet has caused penetrating damage and quantify the damage level.

7. The multimodal information-driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method as described in claim 6, characterized in that: 1) Formula for calculating bullet penetration depth: Based on the theory of penetration dynamics, and combining bullet parameters with the characteristics of human tissue, the formula for calculating penetration depth is derived as follows: : penetration depth of a bullet into human tissue; : bullet mass; : instantaneous velocity of a bullet upon impact with human tissue; : bullet impact cross-sectional area, determined by bullet caliber; : penetration resistance of human tissue, with an experimental validation parameter library constructed according to tissue type; 2) Formula for bullet energy loss algorithm: The energy loss during bullet flight mainly comes from air resistance. Combining the theory of air resistance and the kinetic energy theorem, an energy loss formula can be constructed: Energy loss during bullet flight; Initial velocity of fire; The average velocity (m / s) of the bullet during its flight is taken as... ; Bullet flight distance; These are air density, bullet drag coefficient, and impact cross-sectional area, respectively, consistent with the definitions in the above formulas; 3) Ballistic deviation calculation formula: Considering the effects of gravity and air resistance on the trajectory, a formula for calculating the trajectory deviation is constructed, with a focus on calculating the vertical deviation: Vertical deviation of the trajectory; Gravitational acceleration; The bullet's flight time is determined by the flight distance L and the average velocity. Calculated; Initial ballistic deviation, determined by the weapon's accuracy parameters.

8. The multimodal information-driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method for multi-missile collaborative computing includes the following steps: Construct a multi-ammunition parameter sharing library, integrating basic parameters, environmental correction parameters, and human tissue parameters for each ammunition type to enable rapid parameter retrieval; The calculation algorithms for each type of ammunition are optimized to be lightweight, and iterative calculations are used to simplify the model, reduce redundant calculations, and control the response time of damage calculation for a single type of ammunition. The design of a collaborative scheduling algorithm automatically matches the corresponding theoretical analytical formulas and calculation models based on the type of ammunition in the combat scenario, thereby enabling the synchronous calculation of composite damage from multiple ammunition types.

9. The multimodal information-driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for assessing lethality to humans include the following steps: 1) Human target plate model: The human body is simplified into a geometric model composed of key parts; Each part is assigned an equivalent presentation area, which is a vector element with its spatial position and normal direction; Intersection determination: Through geometric calculation, determine whether the scattered fragments and shock wave front intersect with the surface elements of these human body parts; 2) Shockwave lethality criteria: Lung injury: This is the primary lethal effect of shock waves; Bowen lung injury curve: in the form of overpressure-impulse (P-I) curve, the horizontal axis is impulse, and the vertical axis is peak overpressure, different curves correspond to different injury probabilities; ΔP at the target is calculated s and I s After that, the mortality or injury level can be quickly read out by marking points on the P-I graph; Auditory organ injury and blast injury: used to describe the relationship between blast shock waves with different overpressure peaks and the probability of causing severe lung damage in mammals; Fragmentation kill principle: Penetrating lethality: Fragments must possess sufficient energy to penetrate the skin and muscle and damage critical organs; Kinetic energy criterion: Set a kinetic energy lethality threshold for each body part; Typical values: Approximately 80-100 J is required to penetrate the skin, and 150-200 J is required to cause a fatal injury; Calculation: For a fragment that reaches the human body, its kinetic energy is E s = 1 / 2 * m * V s ²; if E s > E th , then it is considered that the corresponding level of damage is caused to the part; 3) Combined lethality assessment: The effects of shock waves and fragmentation are not independent. They are treated using an "OR" logic, meaning that a human body is considered to have been killed if it meets either the shock wave killing criterion or the fragmentation killing criterion.

10. The multimodal information-driven battlefield injury dynamic generation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of battlefield environment coupling includes the following steps: Scene selection and parameter retrieval: Trainees or the system select a typical combat injury scenario according to training needs. The system automatically retrieves three categories of parameters from the scenario parameter library: ammunition parameters, environmental conditions, and initial human state. Parameter input and module linkage: Environmental condition parameters are used to correct the ammunition damage calculation results; ammunition parameters are directly used as the core input for damage calculation; human body initial state parameters are used to determine the initial vulnerability of human organs and tissues. Collaborative calculation of damage and vulnerability: Based on the ammunition parameters and environmental parameters adapted to the scenario, calculate the damage situation during the projectile-target encounter; based on the initial state parameters of the human body and the damage calculation results, determine the degree of damage to human organs and tissues, and generate an initial injury code; Scene-driven dynamic evolution of injury: Combines dynamic changes in the scene, updates scene parameters in real time, and synchronously drives recalculation to realize the dynamic evolution of injury as the scene changes; Coupled verification and adaptation adjustment: The system performs collaborative verification of scene parameters, damage calculation results, and injury generation results to determine the adaptability of the injury to the scene. If the adaptability is less than 90%, the system automatically adjusts the scene parameters or damage calculation correction coefficient. Scene-Wound Linkage Output: The final output is a dynamic wound condition that is precisely adapted to typical combat scenarios, simultaneously presenting scene parameters, damage process, and wound evolution trajectory.

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