A system and method for in-situ online monitoring of ocean methane

Abstract

The application provides a kind of marine methane in-situ online monitoring system and method, belongs to the detection technical field of matter or object.The system includes shore base platform, seabed base platform, transmission link and server;Shore base platform is deployed in near shore or land, and is connected to seabed base platform through transmission link;Seabed base platform is integrated with sensor group, for in-situ collection and data preprocessing of methane concentration and multiple environmental parameters in marine environment.Shore base platform communicates with server through communication module.The application collects methane data and multiple environmental parameters in-situ through seabed base platform, ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data;Further, seabed base platform obtains energy through shore base platform, solving the problem of insufficient equipment endurance, realizing long-term continuous monitoring of marine methane;At the same time, the whole system transmits collected data through transmission link and combines the communication of shore base platform and server, realizes instant data upload and remote monitoring, improves the timeliness of data acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of material or object detection technology, specifically relating to a marine methane in-situ online monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional marine methane monitoring relies heavily on research vessels regularly cruising and collecting samples, which are then brought back to laboratories for analysis. This method is not only costly but also susceptible to sea conditions, and the properties of the samples can change during collection and transportation, leading to distorted measurement data. Furthermore, these point-based and cross-sectional surveys cannot obtain high-temporal-resolution continuous data, making it difficult to capture the dynamic changes in methane emissions.

[0003] Furthermore, existing underwater monitoring equipment typically uses battery power and can operate independently in a designated area for short periods, enabling continuous monitoring. However, underwater monitoring equipment is limited by battery capacity, resulting in insufficient endurance and making it difficult to conduct long-term, high-frequency sampling, thus hindering long-term continuous monitoring. In addition, most underwater monitoring equipment lacks automated operation and maintenance capabilities, requiring frequent manual intervention for data reading and equipment maintenance, which is cumbersome and inefficient. Moreover, regarding data transmission, the aforementioned technical solutions mostly store monitoring data locally on the device, requiring device retrieval for access, failing to achieve real-time data uploading and remote monitoring, resulting in poor data acquisition timeliness.

[0004] Furthermore, in practical applications, common online in-situ monitoring systems with shore-based platforms are prone to instability due to environmental factors. On the one hand, high humidity and high salinity environments can easily cause the electronic equipment of the shore-based platform to fail, resulting in shutdowns. On the other hand, strong winds and lightning strikes can also easily cause shore-based platforms to shut down. Although the probability of lightning strikes on the coast is much lower than on land, conventional power lines located inland are still easily and severely affected. In addition, the existing online in-situ monitoring systems are deployed in relatively remote areas, making it difficult to accurately diagnose the problem after the shore-based platform shuts down, and it is also impossible to restore data transmission in a timely manner.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies have limitations in marine methane monitoring, including difficulty in achieving long-term continuous monitoring, insufficient timeliness of data acquisition, and inability to meet long-term operational needs in terms of energy supply. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a system for collaborative operation of land and sea platforms to solve the aforementioned issues.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: On the one hand, this application provides a marine methane in-situ online monitoring system, which includes a shore-based platform, a seabed-based platform, a transmission link, and a server; The shore-based platform is deployed near the shore or on land and is used for energy data acquisition, data management and data transfer; The seabed-based platform is deployed on the seabed and integrates a sensor array for in-situ acquisition and data preprocessing of methane concentration and other environmental parameters in the marine environment. The transmission link connects the shore-based platform and the seabed-based platform, and is used for bidirectional transmission of energy and data; The shore-based platform communicates with the server via a communication module.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission link includes a dual-redundant optical-electric composite cable; The dual-redundant optical-electric composite cable has a multi-core double-layer armored structure and is equipped with at least 2 high-voltage DC power supply main cores, 2 reverse power supply backup cores, and 2 fully shielded optical fiber data cores. The power supply system of the seabed-based platform has a built-in underwater energy storage module, which is connected to the shore-based platform at least through the reverse power supply backup core. The dual-redundant optoelectronic composite cable is provided with distributed fiber optic grating sensing units at intervals along the cable body, and the distributed fiber optic grating sensing units are connected to the shore-based platform through the optical fiber data core.

[0009] Furthermore, the communication module connects to the server via a wired or wireless network; The communication module is connected to the power supply system of the shore-based platform and the power supply system of the seabed-based platform respectively through a dual-path isolated power supply module.

[0010] Furthermore, the power supply system of the seabed-based platform is equipped with an underwater energy storage module; The underwater energy storage module is connected to the power supply system of the shore-based platform and the communication module, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the shore-based platform includes a power supply system and a main control unit; The power supply system is connected to the power grid and is used to receive and transfer electrical energy; The main control unit is used to receive data transmitted by the seabed-based platform and transmit the processed data to the server.

[0012] Furthermore, the power supply system of the shore-based platform is equipped with a rectifier; The input side of the rectifier is connected to the AC power grid, and the output side of the rectifier is connected to the seabed-based platform.

[0013] Furthermore, the power supply system of the shore-based platform includes an energy storage unit and a power generation unit; The power generation unit is connected to the energy storage unit; The seabed-based platform connects the energy storage unit and / or the power generation unit; The power generation unit includes at least one of wind turbine generator sets, photovoltaic generator sets, wave generator sets, and tidal generator sets.

[0014] Furthermore, the seabed-based platform includes a control compartment; The control chamber is an underwater sealed chamber structure, which contains a processor and storage medium, and integrates a seabed-based platform control system, data acquisition circuit and control circuit. The control chamber is equipped with a watertight connector and is connected to the sensor group via a data cable; the sensor group includes at least a methane sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a hydrogen sensor, and a hydrogen sulfide sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, sacrificial anodes are installed on the metal structure of the seabed-based platform; The execution end of the seabed-based platform has an open structure, or at least has a maintenance window and operating space.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for in-situ online monitoring of marine methane, comprising: S1. System initialization configuration: Perform power supply and communication connectivity verification between the shore-based platform, the seabed-based platform, the transmission link and the server, and perform parameter calibration and acquisition cycle preset for the sensor group of the seabed-based platform; S2. Continuous monitoring: The shore-based platform transmits electrical energy to the seabed-based platform via the transmission link, and the seabed-based platform performs in-situ data acquisition and preprocessing through the sensor group to obtain monitoring data; The seabed-based platform transmits the monitoring data to the shore-based platform; the shore-based platform forwards the received monitoring data to the server. S3. Emergency Communication: When the seabed-based platform detects a communication anomaly of the shore-based platform, the seabed-based platform transmits electrical energy back to the communication module of the shore-based platform via a transmission link, and independently transmits emergency data and the monitoring data to the server based on the communication module; the emergency data includes the operation logs of the shore-based platform and / or the seabed-based platform; S4. Data Management: The server classifies, stores, parses, and visualizes the received monitoring data. The server parses and issues alerts for the received emergency data.

[0017] Furthermore, sacrificial anodes are installed on the metal structure of the seabed-based platform; The execution end of the seabed-based platform has an open structure, or at least has a maintenance window and operating space.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: This application utilizes a seabed-based platform to collect methane data and multiple environmental parameters in situ, avoiding changes in sample properties during transportation and ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data. Furthermore, the seabed-based platform obtains energy from a shore-based platform, solving the problem of insufficient equipment endurance and enabling long-term continuous monitoring of marine methane. Simultaneously, the entire system transmits the collected data through a transmission link and combines communication between the shore-based platform and the server to achieve real-time data uploading and remote monitoring, improving the timeliness of data acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the monitoring system in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the system power supply structure in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method in a specific embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] It is worth noting that, unless otherwise specified, the methods used in this application are conventional methods; and the raw materials and equipment used are, unless otherwise specified, conventional commercially available products.

[0026] On the one hand, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a marine methane in-situ online monitoring system, which includes a shore-based platform, a seabed-based platform, a transmission link, and a server. The components of the shore-based and seabed-based platforms work together for in-situ online monitoring of marine methane and multiple environmental parameters.

[0027] The shore-based platform, deployed near the coast or on land, is primarily used for energy acquisition, energy management, and data transfer. Furthermore, the shore-based platform in this embodiment includes a power supply system, a power monitoring module, and a main control unit. The power supply system provides stable electrical energy, the main control unit receives data transmitted from the seabed-based platform and transmits the processed data to a server, and the power monitoring module collects relevant power status parameters in real time to provide data support for energy management.

[0028] The power supply system of the shore-based platform is connected to the power grid to obtain a stable power supply. When the power supply system of the shore-based platform is connected to the AC power grid, the shore-based platform is equipped with a rectifier. The input side of the rectifier is connected to the AC power grid, and its output side is connected to the seabed-based platform, realizing the conversion of AC power to DC power to meet the power supply needs of the seabed-based platform. Furthermore, the power supply system also includes an energy storage unit and a power generation unit, with the power generation unit connected to the energy storage unit. The seabed-based platform can selectively connect to or fully connect to both the energy storage unit and the power generation unit. The power generation unit of the shore-based platform includes at least one of wind turbine generators, photovoltaic generators, wave generators, and tidal generators; in this embodiment, the power generation unit is preferably a photovoltaic generator, such as an array of solar photovoltaic panels, and the energy storage unit is configured as a battery pack. The battery pack supports 12V or 24V voltage output to adapt to the power supply needs of different power devices. The power generation unit charges the energy storage unit via a charging controller. The charging controller is of the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) type, and preferably features reverse connection protection, overcharge protection, and short-circuit protection to ensure stable operation of the power supply system in complex coastal environments. The power monitoring module collects battery voltage, current, temperature, and charging / discharging status in real time, providing real-time feedback on energy reserves. The main control unit is a shore-based main control box, which integrates an industrial-grade fourth-generation mobile communication module (4G). th The Generation Data Transfer Unit (4GDTU) module receives data from the seabed-based platform via RS232 or RS485 interfaces and supports Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), enabling stable data transmission to the server.

[0029] The communication module connects to the cloud server via a wired or wireless network. It is electrically connected to both the shore-based platform's power supply system and the seabed-based platform's power supply system via a dual-isolated power supply module. In this embodiment, the dual-isolated power supply module adopts a fully isolated industrial-grade DC-DC architecture with dual inputs and single outputs. The isolation voltage between the two inputs is no less than 2500VAC, and each input has built-in overvoltage, overcurrent, short-circuit, and reverse connection protection functions. Under normal conditions, the shore-based platform's power supply system prioritizes powering the communication module. When the shore-based platform's main power supply system fails, it automatically switches to the seabed-based platform's power supply circuit without communication interruption during the switching process.

[0030] The above setup differs from the existing system architecture that uses a shore-based platform as the core. This embodiment uses a seabed-based platform and a shore-based platform to form a collaborative architecture for dual-line communication and power transmission. With the dual-path isolated power supply design, complete electrical isolation between the two power supplies can be achieved. Even if the shore-based main control unit and main power supply system completely fail, the communication module can still operate independently through the power supply circuit of the seabed-based platform, ensuring the remote transmission of monitoring data and equipment operation logs. At the same time, it completely blocks crosstalk damage to underwater equipment caused by shore-based faults and the potential difference between the two banks of long-distance submarine cables, improves the reliability of system operation, and solves the problem that it is impossible to accurately determine the problem and restore data transmission in a timely manner after the shore-based platform is shut down due to environmental factors or power line failures.

[0031] The transmission link connects the shore-based platform and the seabed-based platform, and is used for bidirectional energy transmission and full-duplex data interaction. In this embodiment, the transmission link adopts a dual-redundant optical-electric composite cable, suitable for marine monitoring scenarios with water depths up to 1400 meters. The overall structure adopts a multi-core, double-layer armored structure. The inner layer is a galvanized steel wire stranded armor layer to resist the scraping of seabed trawls and the impact of ocean currents. The outer layer is a high-density polyethylene anti-corrosion sheath, which can work stably in the long-term corrosive environment of seawater. In this embodiment, the cable core of the transmission link is equipped with at least two 2.5mm² tin-plated copper conductor high-voltage DC power supply main cores, two identical reverse power supply backup cores, and two fully shielded single-mode G.652D optical fiber data cores. The power supply main cores provide normal DC power supply from the shore-based platform to the seabed-based platform, the reverse power supply backup cores establish a redundant power supply circuit, and the optical fiber data cores realize low-latency bidirectional transmission of monitoring data and control commands. The transmission link cable is at least 30 meters long and can be flexibly adapted to the distance between the monitoring point and the coast, covering most monitoring areas from shallow to deep sea. Its connector contacts have a single-core rated current of at least 10A, meeting the power supply requirements of all modules on the seabed-based platform. The insulation resistance is greater than 200MΩ, and the contact resistance is less than 0.01Ω, ensuring stable power transmission and low interference in data transmission, effectively reducing signal attenuation. Furthermore, a set of distributed fiber optic grating sensing units is deployed every 15 meters along the length of the dual-redundant optoelectronic composite cable. These sensing units reuse the spare channels of the fiber optic data cores to collect real-time operating parameters such as cable strain, ambient temperature, water pressure vibration, and insulation status. These parameters are then transmitted back to the main control unit of the shore-based platform in real-time via the fiber optic data cores, enabling full lifecycle health monitoring and precise fault location of the transmission link. This design solves the problem of system paralysis caused by core faults in submarine cables through a dual-redundancy architecture, achieving physical isolation between normal power supply and emergency power supply, ensuring that a single core fault will not lead to a complete system failure. The distributed sensing unit enables visualized operation and maintenance of the transmission link, achieving precise fault location within ±1 meter, solving the pain points of difficult fault diagnosis and high operation and maintenance costs in submarine cables. At the same time, it can monitor geological events such as submarine earthquakes and landslides in real time through cable vibration and strain data, and simultaneously trigger encrypted methane collection from the seabed-based platform to accurately capture transient methane emission processes. The bidirectional emergency power supply circuit significantly improves the operational reliability of the system under special operating conditions, effectively reducing the operation and maintenance costs and downtime risks of the deep-sea monitoring system.

[0032] Furthermore, the seabed-based platform is deployed on the seabed and is mainly used for in-situ acquisition and data preprocessing of methane concentration and multiple environmental parameters in the marine environment. In this embodiment, the seabed-based platform includes a mechanical frame, a sensor array, and a control compartment. The mechanical frame provides installation support and structural protection for the sensor array and control compartment, and has reserved anti-corrosion baffles and sacrificial anode mounting positions. The anti-corrosion baffles and sacrificial anodes installed on the mechanical frame can work together to achieve structural corrosion protection. The sensor array, installed within the mechanical frame, is used to collect environmental parameters. It includes at least a methane sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor, a hydrogen sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, and a multi-parameter water quality sensor. It can simultaneously collect methane concentration, greenhouse gas content, PAR intensity, toxic and harmful gas concentrations, and water quality parameters, achieving comprehensive monitoring of the marine environment.

[0033] The control chamber is an underwater sealed structure with a high-pressure-resistant sealing design, suitable for deep-sea operations. Internally, it houses a processor, storage medium, and power management unit, and integrates a seabed-based platform control system, data acquisition circuitry, and control circuitry. The control chamber is equipped with watertight connectors and connects to the sensor array via data cables. In this embodiment, the processor is preferably a low-power microcontroller, specifically an STM32L series low-power microcontroller. This processor runs a real-time operating system (Real-Time Thread, RT-Thread), possessing multi-tasking concurrent processing capabilities and efficiently coordinating the work of various modules. The storage medium is a local storage module with an integrated TF card slot, supporting at least 32GB of local data cyclic storage. This allows for local data backup during wireless transmission interruptions, preventing data loss, and automatic re-uploading to the server upon transmission resumption. The data acquisition circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a 24-bit high-precision ADC used to perform high-precision analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signals output by the sensors, ensuring the accuracy of the acquired data. The power management unit is configured to independently control the power supply of each sensor, and can realize time-sharing power supply or on-demand power supply according to monitoring needs, further reducing system energy consumption.

[0034] The power supply system of the seabed-based platform incorporates an underwater energy storage module. In this embodiment, the underwater energy storage module is a 12V / 100Ah wide-temperature lithium iron phosphate energy storage module, suitable for a wide temperature range of 0-60℃ on the seabed, with a cycle life of no less than 2000 cycles. The underwater energy storage module, through a reverse power supply backup core in the transmission link, forms an independent emergency power supply circuit with the dual-path isolated power supply module and communication module of the shore-based platform. Under normal operating conditions, the shore-based platform charges the underwater energy storage module through dual-path redundant optical fiber composite cables, maintaining it at a high state of charge. When the main power supply system of the shore-based platform fails, the underwater energy storage module, through the reverse power supply backup core, reverse-transmits power to the communication module of the shore-based platform, providing independent emergency power to the communication module. This setup constructs an emergency power supply circuit independent of the main power supply system, which can support the communication module to operate continuously and stably for no less than 120 hours, enabling emergency data transmission and covering the fault diagnosis cycle. At the same time, the independent backup core is physically isolated from the main power supply core, so the failure of the main power supply core will not affect the operation of the emergency power supply circuit, solving the problem of important data not being able to be transmitted in the event of a power outage on the shore-based platform. In addition, the normal floating charging and emergency use mode avoids the lifespan degradation caused by long-term cyclic charging and discharging of the energy storage module, extending the service life of the underwater equipment.

[0035] The seabed-based platform's mechanical frame metal structure is equipped with sacrificial anodes, which are replaceable sacrificial anode accessories. These anodes utilize electrochemical protection principles to prevent seawater corrosion of the main structure, extending the equipment's lifespan. The execution end of the seabed-based platform has an open structure, or at least includes a maintenance window and operating space. One example of this open structure is the open design of the sensor mounting positions, connected only to the corresponding sensor mounting base via adapters. This facilitates regular cleaning of biofouling from the sensor surface and cleaning of the sensor detection end by divers or robotic arms, preventing biofouling from affecting sensor detection accuracy.

[0036] In this embodiment, the server is used for remote data storage and visualization. The shore-based platform can communicate with the server via wired or wireless networks. Specifically, the server in this embodiment is a cloud server, and the shore-based platform communicates with the cloud server via wired or wireless networks, preferably 4G or 5G wireless networks, to achieve remote data storage and visualization. The server categorizes, stores, parses, and visualizes the received routine monitoring data, and performs real-time parsing and tiered alarms on the received emergency data, including the operation logs of both the shore-based and seabed-based platforms. This allows for rapid identification of the cause of shore-based platform failures through the operation logs, providing data support for maintenance and repair. It should be noted that this embodiment specifically adopts a redundant backup strategy for the operation logs; that is, the shore-based platform synchronously backs up the operation logs of the seabed-based platform, and vice versa, thus providing complete system-level operation logs in emergency situations.

[0037] In this embodiment, the system employs an optimized energy management strategy. The shore-based platform absorbs solar energy through solar photovoltaic panels and converts it into electrical energy, which is then used to charge the battery pack via an MPPT charging controller. Simultaneously, DC power is transmitted to the seabed-based platform via an underwater wired transmission link, achieving centralized energy supply and remote transmission. The low-power microcontroller on the seabed-based platform monitors the operating status of each sensor in real time. During non-data acquisition cycles, it proactively cuts off the power to high-power sensors, keeping itself in a low-power standby mode. Once the data acquisition cycle begins, the sensors are activated sequentially, maximizing energy consumption through an on-demand power supply mode. Furthermore, the battery status monitoring module provides real-time feedback. When the battery level falls below a 20% threshold, the system automatically adjusts the data acquisition frequency to further reduce energy consumption and ensure the continuous operation of core monitoring functions. When the seabed-based platform fails to receive feedback data packets from the shore-based main control unit for three consecutive acquisition cycles, or when the voltage of the shore-based main power supply system is detected to be lower than a preset threshold, the system automatically triggers an emergency operation mode: the seabed-based platform synchronously switches to a low-power acquisition mode, shuts down the power supply to non-essential sensors, retains only the acquisition of methane core parameters and core control functions, and simultaneously supplies power to the shore-based communication module through the reverse power supply backup core. The dual-path isolation power supply module automatically cuts off the shore-based main power supply system and switches to the seabed-based reverse power supply circuit to maintain the independent operation of the communication module and ensure the continuous transmission of monitoring data and logs.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for in-situ online monitoring of marine methane, based on the above system, specifically including the following steps: S1. Deploy and initialize the system. Install the shore-based platform in a flat coastal area, ensuring that the solar photovoltaic panels are unobstructed. Deploy the seabed-based platform in the target monitoring seabed area and adjust the mechanical frame to a stable state. Connect the shore-based platform and the seabed-based platform through an underwater wired transmission link, and complete the wiring and sealing checks of each module. Start the system and complete the low-power microcontroller parameter configuration, sensor calibration, and communication verification between the shore-based platform and the seabed-based platform. Also, conduct cloud server communication tests and configure the preset sensor acquisition cycle and system operating thresholds in the control system.

[0039] S2. Continuous monitoring: When the energy supply is activated, the shore-based platform combines grid power supply and photovoltaic power generation to charge the battery pack through the MPPT charging controller. At the same time, DC power is transmitted to the seabed-based platform through an underwater wired transmission link. The power management unit completes the power supply detection of each module.

[0040] After entering the in-situ data acquisition phase, the low-power microcontroller activates each sensor according to a preset acquisition cycle. The sensor group collects in-situ data on methane, carbon dioxide, PAR, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and water quality parameters in the marine environment. The data acquisition circuit converts analog signals into digital signals using a 24-bit high-precision ADC and performs preprocessing. After acquisition, the seabed-based platform transmits the digital signals to the shore-based platform via an underwater wired transmission link. The shore-based main control box then transmits the data to the cloud server via a 4G DTU module. The cloud server cleans and standardizes the data, and enables remote storage and visualization. During system operation, the low-power microcontroller monitors the sensor's operating status and power data in real time, and executes dynamic energy management strategies. Simultaneously, it periodically initiates maintenance requests to clean biofouling from the sensors and wipe the lenses using divers or underwater equipment, replace sacrificial anode components according to preset cycles, calibrate the sensors to ensure monitoring accuracy, and export historical data through the local storage module for data integrity verification.

[0041] S3. Emergency Communication: When the system detects an anomaly in the main system of the shore-based platform, it automatically executes the emergency independent communication process: The seabed-based platform transmits power to the communication module of the shore-based platform through the reverse power backup core of the dual-redundant optical fiber composite cable. The dual-isolation power supply module automatically cuts off the electrical connection between the main power supply system of the shore-based platform and the communication module, so that the communication module can operate independently of the main power supply system of the shore-based platform. The seabed-based platform continuously transmits the collected monitoring data and emergency data (equipment operation logs) to the remote server through the independently operating communication module.

[0042] S4. Data Management: The cloud server classifies, stores, parses, and visualizes all received monitoring data, and parses and classifies emergency data to generate alarms, thus completing closed-loop management of the entire monitoring data chain.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this application shall not depart from the substance and scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A system for in-situ online monitoring of methane in the ocean, characterized in that, This includes shore-based platforms, seabed-based platforms, transmission links, and servers; The shore-based platform is deployed near the shore or on land and is used for energy data acquisition, data management and data transfer; The seabed-based platform is deployed on the seabed and integrates a sensor array for in-situ acquisition and data preprocessing of methane concentration and other environmental parameters in the marine environment. The transmission link connects the shore-based platform and the seabed-based platform, and is used for bidirectional transmission of energy and data; The shore-based platform communicates with the server via a communication module.

2. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in ocean according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission link includes a dual-redundant optical-electric composite cable. The dual-redundant optical-electric composite cable has a multi-core double-layer armored structure and is equipped with at least 2 high-voltage DC power supply main cores, 2 reverse power supply backup cores, and 2 fully shielded optical fiber data cores. The power supply system of the seabed-based platform has a built-in underwater energy storage module, which is connected to the shore-based platform at least through the reverse power supply backup core. The dual-redundant optoelectronic composite cable is provided with distributed fiber optic grating sensing units at intervals along the cable body, and the distributed fiber optic grating sensing units are connected to the shore-based platform through the optical fiber data core.

3. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in ocean according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The communication module is connected to the server via a wired or wireless network; The communication module is connected to the power supply system of the shore-based platform and the power supply system of the seabed-based platform respectively through a dual-path isolated power supply module.

4. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in ocean according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply system of the seabed-based platform is equipped with an underwater energy storage module; The underwater energy storage module is connected to the power supply system of the shore-based platform and the communication module, respectively.

5. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in ocean according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shore-based platform includes a power supply system and a main control unit; The power supply system is connected to the power grid and is used to receive and transfer electrical energy; The main control unit is used to receive data transmitted by the seabed-based platform and transmit the processed data to the server.

6. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in oceans according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply system of the shore-based platform is equipped with a rectifier; The input side of the rectifier is connected to the AC power grid, and the output side of the rectifier is connected to the seabed-based platform.

7. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in ocean according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The power supply system of the shore-based platform includes an energy storage unit and a power generation unit; The power generation unit is connected to the energy storage unit; The seabed-based platform connects the energy storage unit and / or the power generation unit; The power generation unit includes at least one of wind turbine generator sets, photovoltaic generator sets, wave generator sets, and tidal generator sets.

8. The marine methane in-situ online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seabed-based platform includes a control module; The control chamber is an underwater sealed chamber structure, which contains a processor and storage medium, and integrates a seabed-based platform control system, data acquisition circuit and control circuit. The control chamber is equipped with a watertight connector and is connected to the sensor group via a data cable; the sensor group includes at least a methane sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a hydrogen sensor, and a hydrogen sulfide sensor.

9. The in-situ online monitoring system of methane in oceans according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seabed-based platform has sacrificial anodes installed on its metal structure; The execution end of the seabed-based platform has an open structure, or at least has a maintenance window and operating space.

10. A method for in-situ online monitoring of marine methane, characterized by, include: S1. System initialization configuration: Perform power supply and communication connectivity verification between the shore-based platform, the seabed-based platform, the transmission link and the server, and perform parameter calibration and acquisition cycle preset for the sensor group of the seabed-based platform; S2. Continuous monitoring: The shore-based platform transmits electrical energy to the seabed-based platform via the transmission link, and the seabed-based platform performs in-situ data acquisition and preprocessing through the sensor group to obtain monitoring data; The seabed-based platform transmits the monitoring data to the shore-based platform; the shore-based platform forwards the received monitoring data to the server. S3. Emergency Communication: When the seabed-based platform detects a communication anomaly of the shore-based platform, the seabed-based platform transmits electrical energy back to the communication module of the shore-based platform via a transmission link, and independently transmits emergency data and the monitoring data to the server based on the communication module; the emergency data includes the operation logs of the shore-based platform and / or the seabed-based platform; S4. Data Management: The server classifies, stores, parses, and visualizes the received monitoring data. The server parses and issues alerts for the received emergency data.

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