Wind speed and direction determination method and device considering wind tower shadow effect, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

This application discloses a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for determining wind speed and direction considering the tower shadow effect of a wind measuring tower. The method may include: identifying two sets of wind measuring devices A and B at the same height and collecting initial data from A and B respectively; dividing the current area into multiple sectors, determining the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then evaluating the accuracy of the wind speed measurements; calculating the median ratio of the wind speeds of A and B to determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determining the wind direction in each sector. This invention provides corresponding wind direction determination strategies for sectors with different wind directions, enabling wind direction determination with a wind measuring tower equipped with dual wind direction sensors, thus providing stable and reliable wind direction data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind resource assessment, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for determining wind speed and direction that takes into account the shadow effect of a wind tower. Background Technology

[0002] The tower shadow effect refers to the phenomenon where wind speed and direction change after being blocked by a wind tower. To eliminate the influence of the tower shadow effect on wind measurement data, it is common practice in engineering to install two sets of wind measuring equipment at the same height of the wind measuring tower. However, the data measured by sensors at different locations at the same height can differ significantly, which can have a major impact on the accuracy of subsequent wind energy resource assessment results. According to the "Technical Specification for Wind Energy Resource Measurement and Assessment in Wind Farm Engineering," tower shadow correction is specified for wind speed data when two wind speed sensors are installed at the same height of the wind measuring tower. However, there are no clear specifications for the case where two wind direction sensors are installed at the same height of the wind measuring tower.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method, device, electronic equipment, and medium for determining wind speed and direction that takes into account the effect of the wind tower shadow.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a method, device, electronic equipment, and medium for determining wind speed and direction that considers the shadow effect of a wind measuring tower. It can provide corresponding wind direction determination strategies for different wind direction sectors and realize wind direction determination for wind measuring towers with dual wind direction sensors, so as to provide stable and reliable wind direction data.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower, including:

[0007] Two sets of wind measuring equipment, A and B, are identified at the same altitude, and initial data are collected from A and B respectively;

[0008] The current area is divided into multiple sectors, and the influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector is determined to assess the accuracy of wind speed measurements.

[0009] Calculate the median ratio of wind speeds A and B to determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determine the wind direction in each sector.

[0010] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the initial data includes azimuth angle, average wind speed, wind speed deviation, average wind direction, and wind direction deviation.

[0011] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the current area is divided into multiple sectors, the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect in each sector is determined, and the accuracy of the wind speed measurement is then evaluated, including:

[0012] Divide the current area into multiple sectors;

[0013] Calculate the annual average wind speed difference and annual average wind direction difference between A and B based on the initial data, and determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed for each sector.

[0014] Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by A and B respectively, and then evaluate the accuracy of the wind speed measurement.

[0015] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, evaluating the accuracy of wind speed measurements includes:

[0016] When the incoming flow direction is parallel to the installation direction of the two sets of equipment A and B Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is high.

[0017] In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is low.

[0018] in, Let be the average wind speed measured in the j-th sector by A and B.

[0019] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the median ratio of wind speeds A and B is calculated to determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined, including:

[0020] For the j-th wind sector, calculate the ratio R of the wind speed measured by the two anemometers A and B at the same time. j,t ;

[0021] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R. j,N Then, the median R of the wind speed ratio for each sector is calculated. j,median ;

[0022] According to R j,median The extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed in each sector is determined, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined.

[0023] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, according to R j,median Determining the extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed for each sector includes:

[0024] If R j,median <0.9 or R j,medianIf the value is greater than 1.1, then the sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect.

[0025] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, determining the wind direction of each sector includes:

[0026] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For sectors with a wind direction of ≤1.1, the average wind direction will be taken as the final wind direction.

[0027] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t The final wind direction;

[0028] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0029] If the wind direction is A, then D A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0030] If the wind direction is B, then D B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t The final wind direction.

[0031] Secondly, this disclosure also provides a wind speed and direction determination device that considers the shadow effect of a wind tower, comprising:

[0032] The data acquisition module identifies two sets of wind measurement equipment, A and B, at the same altitude and collects initial data from A and B respectively.

[0033] The wind speed assessment module divides the current area into multiple sectors, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then assesses the accuracy of wind speed measurements.

[0034] The wind direction assessment module calculates the median ratio of wind speeds in sectors A and B, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determines the wind direction in each sector.

[0035] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the initial data includes azimuth angle, average wind speed, wind speed deviation, average wind direction, and wind direction deviation.

[0036] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the current area is divided into multiple sectors, the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect in each sector is determined, and the accuracy of the wind speed measurement is then evaluated, including:

[0037] Divide the current area into multiple sectors;

[0038] Calculate the annual average wind speed difference and annual average wind direction difference between A and B based on the initial data, and determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed for each sector.

[0039] Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by A and B respectively, and then evaluate the accuracy of the wind speed measurement.

[0040] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, evaluating the accuracy of wind speed measurements includes:

[0041] When the incoming flow direction is parallel to the installation direction of the two sets of equipment A and B Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is high.

[0042] In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is low.

[0043] in, Let be the average wind speed measured in the j-th sector by A and B.

[0044] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the median ratio of wind speeds A and B is calculated to determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined, including:

[0045] For the j-th wind sector, calculate the ratio R of the wind speed measured by the two anemometers A and B at the same time. j,t ;

[0046] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R. j,N Then, the median R of the wind speed ratio for each sector is calculated. j,median ;

[0047] According to R j,median The extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed in each sector is determined, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined.

[0048] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, according to R j,medianDetermining the extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed for each sector includes:

[0049] If R j,median <0.9 or R j,median If the value is greater than 1.1, then the sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect.

[0050] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, determining the wind direction of each sector includes:

[0051] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For sectors with a wind direction of ≤1.1, the average wind direction will be taken as the final wind direction.

[0052] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t The final wind direction;

[0053] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0054] If the wind direction is A, then D A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0055] If the wind direction is B, then D B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t The final wind direction.

[0056] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0057] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0058] A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for determining wind speed and direction considering the effect of the wind tower shadow.

[0059] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower.

[0060] Its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0061] (1) This invention takes into account the tower shadow effect of the wind measuring tower and provides corresponding wind direction determination strategies for different wind direction sectors, so as to realize the wind direction determination of the wind measuring tower with dual wind direction sensors, and provide stable and reliable wind direction data.

[0062] (2) This invention has the advantages of being simple, having easy-to-obtain calculation parameters, and having high calculation accuracy. It can help engineering technicians eliminate the interference of the tower shadow effect, obtain accurate wind direction data, and provide a reference for offshore wind power survey and design.

[0063] The methods and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages that will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0064] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same parts.

[0065] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0066] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Schematic diagrams of the original wind rose diagrams for two sets of equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0067] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a broken line showing the wind speed ratio with respect to the HN01 wind direction, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0068] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a broken line showing the wind speed ratio with respect to the HNO2 wind direction, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0069] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a line graph showing the ratio of wind speed to forward wind speed according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0070] Figure 6A block diagram of a wind speed and direction determination device considering the shadow effect of a wind tower is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0072] 201. Data Acquisition Module; 202. Wind Speed ​​Assessment Module; 203. Wind Direction Assessment Module. Detailed Implementation

[0073] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0074] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, six specific application examples are given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that these examples are merely for the purpose of understanding the present invention, and any specific details therein are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for determining wind speed and direction considering the effect of the wind tower shadow includes:

[0078] Step 101: Identify two sets of wind measuring equipment A and B at the same altitude, and collect initial data from A and B respectively;

[0079] Step 102: Divide the current area into multiple sectors, determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then evaluate the accuracy of wind speed measurement.

[0080] Step 103: Calculate the median ratio of wind speeds of A and B, determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determine the wind direction in each sector.

[0081] In one example, the initial data includes azimuth, average wind speed, wind speed deviation, average wind direction, and wind direction deviation.

[0082] In one example, the current area is divided into multiple sectors, the extent of the tower shadow effect in each sector is determined, and the accuracy of wind speed measurements is then evaluated, including:

[0083] Divide the current area into multiple sectors;

[0084] Calculate the difference in annual average wind speed and the difference in annual average wind direction between A and B based on the initial data, and determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed for each sector.

[0085] Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by A and B respectively, and then evaluate the accuracy of the wind speed measurement.

[0086] In one example, assessing the accuracy of wind speed measurements includes:

[0087] When the incoming flow direction is parallel to the installation direction of the two sets of equipment A and B Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is high.

[0088] In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is low.

[0089] in, Let be the average wind speed measured in the j-th sector by A and B.

[0090] In one example, the median ratio of wind speeds at points A and B is calculated to determine the extent of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and thus the wind direction in each sector is determined, including:

[0091] For the j-th wind sector, calculate the ratio R of the wind speed measured by the two anemometers A and B at the same time. j,t ;

[0092] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R. j,N Then, the median R of the wind speed ratio for each sector is calculated. j,median ;

[0093] According to R j,median The extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed in each sector is determined, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined.

[0094] In one example, according to R j,median Determining the extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed for each sector includes:

[0095] If R j,median <0.9 or R j,median If the value is greater than 1.1, then the sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect.

[0096] In one example, determining the wind direction for each sector includes:

[0097] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For sectors with a wind direction of ≤1.1, the average wind direction will be taken as the final wind direction.

[0098] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t DB,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t The final wind direction;

[0099] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0100] If the wind direction is A, then D A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0101] If the wind direction is B, then D B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t The final wind direction.

[0102] Specifically, in order to more clearly illustrate the solution of this invention, it is first necessary to explain the terms involved in this invention:

[0103] A wind measurement tower is a wind measurement facility that includes equipment for measuring wind parameters and a tower.

[0104] Data correction involves processing missing or unreasonable data using methods such as interpolation or direct replacement.

[0105] The tower shadow effect refers to the phenomenon where the flow field changes as air passes over a wind measuring tower due to the tower's obstruction. This includes changes in wind speed and deflection of wind direction.

[0106] The wind speed ratio refers to the ratio of the measured values ​​of two anemometers at the same height on a wind tower. Ideally, the wind speed values ​​observed at the same time should be basically the same. This value can measure the influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed.

[0107] Let A and B be two anemometers at the same height on a certain anemometer tower, located at different azimuth angles x and y, respectively. Let V be the average wind speed measured by aemometer A. A,t Wind speed deviation ΔV A,t Average wind direction D A,t Wind direction deviation ΔD A,t The average wind speed measured by device B is recorded as V. B,t Wind speed deviation ΔV B,t Average wind direction D B,t Wind direction deviation ΔD B,tThe average wind speed and average wind direction are usually ten-minute averages; t refers to the time of wind measurement recording, t = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0108] Calculate the annual average wind speed of wind measuring device A according to formulas (1) to (4). Average wind speed deviation Annual average wind direction and average wind direction deviation Calculate the annual average wind speed of wind measuring device B according to formulas (5) to (8). Average wind speed deviation Annual average wind direction and average wind direction deviation Based on the difference in the annual average wind speed between the two sets of equipment Annual average wind direction difference Based on the equipment installation orientation (x, y), the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect is preliminarily determined.

[0109]

[0110] Where n refers to the total number of wind measurement times in a year.

[0111] According to the average wind direction measured by devices A and B, W A,t W B,t Divide the area into k sectors, and calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by device A according to formula (9). Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by device B according to formula (10).

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, m represents the total number of wind measurement times for the j-th wind direction sector.

[0114] Based on the difference in the average wind speed of the j-th wind direction sector Analyze whether it is necessary to redetermine the wind direction measured by the anemometer tower. Ideally, the incoming flow direction should be parallel to the installation orientation of both equipment. Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect At this point, the wind direction measurement is highly reliable, and the tower shadow effect does not need to be considered. The average of two sets of wind direction data or any one set can be used to represent the wind direction measured by the anemometer tower. Conversely, if in a sector unaffected by the tower shadow effect... This may indicate that inaccurate wind direction measurements have caused significant differences in wind speed readings, necessitating a reassessment and determination of a set of wind directions to represent the wind directions measured by the anemometer tower.

[0115] The range of sectors affected by the tower shadow effect is analyzed based on the median wind speed ratio. For the j-th wind direction sector, the wind speed ratio R measured by the two sets of anemometers at the same time is calculated according to formula (11). j,t .

[0116]

[0117] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R. j,N And calculate the median R of the wind speed ratio of each sector according to formula (12). j,median .

[0118]

[0119] Where N is the total number of wind measurement times in the j-th wind direction interval, j = 1, 2, ..., k, and k represents the total number of wind direction sectors.

[0120] The median R of the wind speed ratio in this range j,median This reflects the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed measurement. If R j,median <0.9 or R j,median >1.1 indicates that this sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect, and it is necessary to consider the tower shadow effect in determining the wind direction data.

[0121] Wind direction calculation considering the tower shadow effect:

[0122] (1) If the average wind direction D at a certain moment A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction value ≤1.1, the average value of the two wind directions is taken. Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0123] (2) If at some time D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0124] (3) If at some time D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0125] (4) If at a certain moment the wind direction is A, then the wind direction is D. A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,tDetermine the wind direction at that moment;

[0126] (5) If at a certain moment the wind direction is B, then the wind direction is D. B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t Determine the wind direction at that moment.

[0127] Verify and confirm the effect:

[0128] After determining the wind direction, the difference in average wind speed between the j-th wind direction sectors is used. Analyzing the tower shadow correction effect on wind direction in this sector, if in sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect... This indicates that the wind direction determined by this method can approximately represent the true wind direction in that area.

[0129] Calculate the wind speed error (RMSE) according to formula (13). v Quantify the wind direction determination results:

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, k represents the total number of wind direction sectors; j represents the wind direction sector number, j = 1, 2, ..., k; R j,median Let D be the median of the wind speed ratios in the j-th interval, and let D be the median of the wind speed ratios in the j-th interval. A,t D B,t To determine wind direction for comparison. Ideally, sector R, unaffected by the tower shadow effect. j,median ≈1. RMSE v The smaller the value, the closer the wind speed measurements from the two sets of equipment are after the wind direction is determined, thus improving the wind speed measurement error caused by inaccurate wind direction measurements.

[0132] Example 2

[0133] The present invention also provides a wind speed and wind direction determination device that takes into account the effect of the wind tower shadow, comprising:

[0134] The data acquisition module identifies two sets of wind measurement equipment, A and B, at the same altitude and collects initial data from A and B respectively.

[0135] The wind speed assessment module divides the current area into multiple sectors, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then assesses the accuracy of wind speed measurements.

[0136] The wind direction assessment module calculates the median ratio of wind speeds in sectors A and B, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determines the wind direction in each sector.

[0137] In one example, the initial data includes azimuth, average wind speed, wind speed deviation, average wind direction, and wind direction deviation.

[0138] In one example, the current area is divided into multiple sectors, the extent of the tower shadow effect in each sector is determined, and the accuracy of wind speed measurements is then evaluated, including:

[0139] Divide the current area into multiple sectors;

[0140] Calculate the difference in annual average wind speed and the difference in annual average wind direction between A and B based on the initial data, and determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed for each sector.

[0141] Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by A and B respectively, and then evaluate the accuracy of the wind speed measurement.

[0142] In one example, assessing the accuracy of wind speed measurements includes:

[0143] When the incoming flow direction is parallel to the installation direction of the two sets of equipment A and B Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is high.

[0144] In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is low.

[0145] in, Let be the average wind speed measured in the j-th sector by A and B.

[0146] In one example, the median ratio of wind speeds at points A and B is calculated to determine the extent of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and thus the wind direction in each sector is determined, including:

[0147] For the j-th wind sector, calculate the ratio R of the wind speed measured by the two anemometers A and B at the same time. j,t ;

[0148] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R. j,N Then, the median R of the wind speed ratio for each sector is calculated. j,median ;

[0149] According to R j,median The extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed in each sector is determined, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined.

[0150] In one example, according to R j,median Determining the extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed for each sector includes:

[0151] If R j,median <0.9 or Rj,median If the value is greater than 1.1, then the sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect.

[0152] In one example, determining the wind direction for each sector includes:

[0153] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For sectors with a wind direction of ≤1.1, the average wind direction will be taken as the final wind direction.

[0154] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t The final wind direction;

[0155] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0156] If the wind direction is A, then D A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0157] If the wind direction is B, then D B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t The final wind direction.

[0158] Specifically, let A and B be two sets of wind measuring devices at the same height on a certain wind measuring tower, located at different azimuth angles x and y, respectively. The average wind speed measured by device A is denoted as V. A,t Wind speed deviation ΔV A,t Average wind direction D A,t Wind direction deviation ΔD A,t The average wind speed measured by device B is recorded as V. B,t Wind speed deviation ΔV B,t Average wind direction D B,t Wind direction deviation ΔD B,t The average wind speed and average wind direction are usually ten-minute averages; t refers to the time of wind measurement recording, t = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0159] Calculate the annual average wind speed of wind measuring device A according to formulas (1) to (4). Average wind speed deviation Annual average wind direction and average wind direction deviation Calculate the annual average wind speed of wind measuring device B according to formulas (5) to (8). Average wind speed deviation Annual average wind direction and average wind direction deviation Based on the difference in the annual average wind speed between the two sets of equipment Annual average wind direction difference Based on the equipment installation orientation (x, y), the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect is preliminarily determined.

[0160]

[0161] Where n refers to the total number of wind measurement times in a year.

[0162] According to the average wind direction measured by devices A and B, W A,t W B,t Divide the area into k sectors, and calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by device A according to formula (9). Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by device B according to formula (10).

[0163]

[0164] In the formula, m represents the total number of wind measurement times for the j-th wind direction sector.

[0165] Based on the difference in the average wind speed of the j-th wind direction sector Analyze whether it is necessary to redetermine the wind direction measured by the anemometer tower. Ideally, the incoming flow direction should be parallel to the installation orientation of both equipment. Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect At this point, the wind direction measurement is highly reliable, and the tower shadow effect does not need to be considered. The average of two sets of wind direction data or any one set can be used to represent the wind direction measured by the anemometer tower. Conversely, if in a sector unaffected by the tower shadow effect... This may indicate that inaccurate wind direction measurements have caused significant differences in wind speed readings, necessitating a reassessment and determination of a set of wind directions to represent the wind directions measured by the anemometer tower.

[0166] The range of sectors affected by the tower shadow effect is analyzed based on the median wind speed ratio. For the j-th wind direction sector, the wind speed ratio R measured by the two sets of anemometers at the same time is calculated according to formula (11). j,t .

[0167]

[0168] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R.j,N And calculate the median R of the wind speed ratio of each sector according to formula (12). j,median .

[0169]

[0170] Where N is the total number of wind measurement times in the j-th wind direction interval, j = 1, 2, ..., k, and k represents the total number of wind direction sectors.

[0171] The median R of the wind speed ratio in this range j,median This reflects the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed measurement. If R j,median <0.9 or R j,median >1.1 indicates that this sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect, and it is necessary to consider the tower shadow effect in determining the wind direction data.

[0172] Wind direction calculation considering the tower shadow effect:

[0173] (1) If the average wind direction D at a certain moment A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction value ≤1.1, the average value of the two wind directions is taken. Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0174] (2) If at some time D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0175] (3) If at some time D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0176] (4) If at a certain moment the wind direction is A, then the wind direction is D. A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t Determine the wind direction at that moment;

[0177] (5) If at a certain moment the wind direction is B, then the wind direction is D. B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t Determine the wind direction at that moment.

[0178] Verify and confirm the effect:

[0179] After determining the wind direction, the difference in average wind speed between the j-th wind direction sectors is used. Analyzing the tower shadow correction effect on wind direction in this sector, if in sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect... This indicates that the wind direction determined by this method can approximately represent the true wind direction in that area.

[0180] Calculate the wind speed error (RMSE) according to formula (13). v Quantify the wind direction determination results:

[0181]

[0182] In the formula, k represents the total number of wind direction sectors; j represents the wind direction sector number, j = 1, 2, ..., k; R j,median Let D be the median of the wind speed ratios in the j-th interval, and let D be the median of the wind speed ratios in the j-th interval. A,t D B,t To determine wind direction for comparison. Ideally, sector R, unaffected by the tower shadow effect. j,median ≈1. RMSE v The smaller the value, the closer the wind speed measurements from the two sets of equipment are after the wind direction is determined, thus improving the wind speed measurement error caused by inaccurate wind direction measurements.

[0183] Example 3

[0184] Two wind measuring devices, HN01 and HN02, were installed at a height of 120m on a certain offshore wind measuring tower, located at 135° and 315° respectively, to collect wind speed and direction data for one year. The annual average wind speed, annual average wind direction, and average deviation of the two devices are calculated and shown in Table 1.

[0185] Table 1. Average annual wind speed, average annual wind direction, and average deviation at a height of 120m

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Schematic diagrams of the original wind rose diagrams for two sets of equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively.

[0189] After the incoming flow passes through the anemometer tower, the average wind speeds measured by the two sets of equipment are similar, but the wind direction changes significantly, differing by 21.82°. The original wind rose diagrams for the two sets of equipment are shown below. Figure 2a , Figure 2b As shown, based on the equipment installation direction, the influence range of the tower shadow effect on wind speed can be preliminarily determined to be 45°~135° and 225°~315°.

[0190] The two sets of equipment were divided into 16 sectors based on the wind direction they measured, and the average wind speed of each sector was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0191] Table 2 shows the average wind speed measured by the two sets of equipment in each wind direction range.

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] As shown in Table 2, even in wind sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect, significant differences in average wind speed exist between the two sets of equipment when their respective wind direction measurements are taken as the standard. For example, in the 22.5°–45° sector, the average wind speed measured by the two sets of equipment differs by 3.91 m / s. Therefore, the wind direction measurement of one set of equipment cannot be directly trusted; it is necessary to reassess and determine a wind direction measurement set to represent the wind direction measured by the anemometer tower.

[0195] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the median wind speed ratio and wind direction sector according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided.

[0196] The influence range of the tower shadow effect is analyzed based on the median wind speed ratio. The wind speed ratio is calculated using the wind direction measured by device HN01 as the reference. Wind sectors are divided into 5° segments, and the median wind speed ratios for these 72 sectors are calculated. A line graph of the wind speed ratios is plotted with the wind direction sector on the x-axis and the median wind speed ratio for each sector on the y-axis, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the wind speed ratio parameter curve exhibits two distinct fluctuations, with a generally symmetrical shape, which is mainly related to the instrument's installation orientation angle. The tower shadow effect affects sectors between 110° and 150° and between 320° and 360°.

[0197] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a broken line showing the wind speed ratio with respect to the HNO2 wind direction, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0198] Based on the wind direction measured by device HN02, the wind speed ratio was calculated. The wind direction sector was divided into 72 sectors, each representing a 5° angle. The median wind speed ratio for each sector was calculated. A line graph of the wind speed ratio was plotted with the wind direction sector on the x-axis and the median wind speed ratio for each sector on the y-axis. Figure 4 As can be seen, the wind speed ratio parameter curve has three obvious fluctuations, with the obvious fluctuation sectors being between 80° and 110°, 135° and 140°, and 310° and 335°.

[0199] Wind direction calculation and result analysis considering the tower shadow effect:

[0200] (1) For a height of 120m, after determining the wind direction using the proposed method, the average wind speed of the two sets of equipment in each wind sector is shown in Table 3.

[0201] Table 3 shows the average wind speed in each wind direction range after the wind direction was determined.

[0202]

[0203] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a line graph showing the ratio of wind speed to forward wind speed according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0204] Within the ranges of 112.5°–157.5° and 292.5°–337.5°, the average wind speeds measured by the two sets of equipment still showed significant differences, particularly in the 135°–157.5° sector. The aforementioned section aligns largely with the installation orientation of both sets of equipment and the prevailing wind direction, making wind speed measurement errors unavoidable. In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect, the average wind speeds measured by both sets of equipment are similar, both exhibiting... This demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively reduce wind speed measurement errors caused by inaccurate wind direction. The method was validated using the ratio method, and the results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the proposed method significantly reduces the wind speed ratio in the area affected by the tower shadow effect (120°–145°), while also narrowing the range affected by the tower shadow effect in the leeward area (300°–340°), thus improving the accuracy of wind energy resource assessment.

[0205] Using wind speed error (RMSE) v The determined results are quantified, as shown in Table 4:

[0206]

[0207] In the formula, k represents the total number of wind direction sectors, here k = 72; j represents the wind direction sector number, j = 1, 2, ..., 72; R j,median Let be the median of the wind speed ratios in the j-th interval.

[0208] Table 4 Comparison of wind speed errors before and after determining the wind direction.

[0209] Determine wind direction <![CDATA[RMSE v ]]> Wind direction measured by HN01 0.135 Wind direction measured by HN02 0.137 This method 0.119

[0210] After determining the wind direction using this method, the wind speed error was reduced by 11.9% compared to using the wind direction measured by HN01, and by 13.1% compared to using the wind direction measured by HN02. This indicates that the wind speed measurements from the two sets of equipment are basically consistent after determining the wind direction, and the wind speed measurement error caused by inaccurate wind direction has been effectively improved.

[0211] Example 4

[0212] Figure 6A block diagram of a wind speed and direction determination device considering the shadow effect of a wind tower is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0213] like Figure 6 As shown, the wind speed and direction determination device considering the tower shadow effect of the wind measuring tower includes:

[0214] The data acquisition module 201 identifies two sets of wind measuring devices A and B at the same altitude and collects initial data from A and B respectively.

[0215] The wind speed assessment module 202 divides the current area into multiple sectors, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then assesses the accuracy of wind speed measurements.

[0216] The wind direction assessment module 203 calculates the median ratio of wind speeds between A and B, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determines the wind direction in each sector.

[0217] In one example, the initial data includes azimuth, average wind speed, wind speed deviation, average wind direction, and wind direction deviation.

[0218] In one example, the current area is divided into multiple sectors, the extent of the tower shadow effect in each sector is determined, and the accuracy of wind speed measurements is then evaluated, including:

[0219] Divide the current area into multiple sectors;

[0220] Calculate the difference in annual average wind speed and the difference in annual average wind direction between A and B based on the initial data, and determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed for each sector.

[0221] Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by A and B respectively, and then evaluate the accuracy of the wind speed measurement.

[0222] In one example, assessing the accuracy of wind speed measurements includes:

[0223] When the incoming flow direction is parallel to the installation direction of the two sets of equipment A and B Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is high.

[0224] In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is low.

[0225] in, Let be the average wind speed measured in the j-th sector by A and B.

[0226] In one example, the median ratio of wind speeds at points A and B is calculated to determine the extent of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and thus the wind direction in each sector is determined, including:

[0227] For the j-th wind sector, calculate the ratio R of the wind speed measured by the two anemometers A and B at the same time. j,t ;

[0228] Each sector R j,t Sort the sequences according to their numerical values ​​to obtain sequence R. j,N Then, the median R of the wind speed ratio for each sector is calculated. j,median ;

[0229] According to R j,median The extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed in each sector is determined, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined.

[0230] In one example, according to R j,median Determining the extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed for each sector includes:

[0231] If R j,median <0.9 or R j,median If the value is greater than 1.1, then the sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect.

[0232] In one example, determining the wind direction for each sector includes:

[0233] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For sectors with a wind direction of ≤1.1, the average wind direction will be taken as the final wind direction.

[0234] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t The final wind direction;

[0235] If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0236] If the wind direction is A, then D A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t The final wind direction;

[0237] If the wind direction is B, then D B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,tThe final wind direction.

[0238] Example 5

[0239] This disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory storing executable instructions; and a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above-described method for determining wind speed and direction considering the effect of the wind tower shadow.

[0240] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.

[0241] This memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0242] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the processor is used to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0243] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to achieve a good user experience, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0244] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0245] Example 6

[0246] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower.

[0247] A computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of the present disclosure stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are performed.

[0248] The aforementioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0249] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only intended to illustrate the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to any of the examples given.

[0250] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower, characterized in that, include: Two sets of wind measuring equipment, A and B, are identified at the same altitude, and initial data are collected from A and B respectively; The current area is divided into multiple sectors, and the influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector is determined to assess the accuracy of wind speed measurements. Calculate the median ratio of wind speeds A and B to determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determine the wind direction in each sector.

2. The method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to claim 1, wherein, The initial data includes azimuth angle, average wind speed, wind speed deviation, average wind direction, and wind direction deviation.

3. The method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to claim 1, wherein, The current area is divided into multiple sectors. The extent of the tower shadow effect in each sector is determined, and the accuracy of wind speed measurements is then assessed, including: Divide the current area into multiple sectors; Calculate the annual average wind speed difference and annual average wind direction difference between A and B based on the initial data, and determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed for each sector. Calculate the average wind speed of each sector measured by A and B respectively, and then evaluate the accuracy of the wind speed measurement.

4. The method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to claim 3, wherein, The accuracy of wind speed measurements is assessed by including: When the incoming flow direction is parallel to the installation direction of the two sets of equipment A and B Sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is high. In sectors unaffected by the tower shadow effect The accuracy of wind direction measurements is low. in, Let be the average wind speed measured in the j-th sector by A and B.

5. The method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to claim 1, wherein, Calculate the median ratio of wind speeds A and B to determine the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determine the wind direction in each sector, including: For the jth wind direction sector, the wind speed ratio R measured by the two sets of anemometers A and B at the same time is calculated j,t ; The sectors R j,t are sorted by numerical value to obtain a sequence R j,N , and the median of the ratio of the wind speed of each sector R j,median is calculated. According to R j,median The extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed in each sector is determined, and then the wind direction in each sector is determined.

6. The method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to claim 5, wherein, According to R j,median Determining the extent to which the tower shadow effect affects wind speed for each sector includes: If R j,median <0.9 or R j,median If the value is greater than 1.1, then the sector is significantly affected by the tower shadow effect.

7. The method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower according to claim 5, wherein, Determining the wind direction for each sector includes: If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All are located at 0.9≤R j,median For sectors with a wind direction of ≤1.1, the average wind direction will be taken as the final wind direction. If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas >1.1, take wind direction A and wind direction D. A,t The final wind direction; If the average wind direction of A and B is D A,t D B,t All located in R j,median For areas with a wind direction of less than 0.9, take wind direction B and wind direction D. B,t The final wind direction; If the wind direction is A, then D A,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median Wind sector with a wind direction of ≤1.1, wind direction B, wind direction D B,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. B,t The final wind direction; If the wind direction is B, then D B,t Located at 0.9≤R j,median For wind sectors with a wind direction ≤1.1, wind direction A is D. A,t If it is located in other intervals, then take D. A,t The final wind direction.

8. A wind speed and direction determination device considering the shadow effect of a wind tower, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module identifies two sets of wind measurement equipment, A and B, at the same altitude and collects initial data from A and B respectively. The wind speed assessment module divides the current area into multiple sectors, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then assesses the accuracy of wind speed measurements. The wind direction assessment module calculates the median ratio of wind speeds in sectors A and B, determines the degree of influence of the tower shadow effect on wind speed in each sector, and then determines the wind direction in each sector.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, which stores executable instructions; A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the wind speed and direction determination method considering the shadow effect of the wind tower as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining wind speed and direction considering the shadow effect of a wind tower as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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