Liquid lithium lead loop design optimization method, device, platform and storage medium in strong magnetic environment

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, platform, and storage medium for design optimization of liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic environment. The method includes: establishing a liquid lithium-lead circuit model, defining basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical properties of liquid lithium-lead within the model; dividing the model into multiple computational units, and obtaining the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under tokamak device operating conditions; obtaining the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit; and modifying the model based on these results to output the final liquid lithium-lead circuit design result. This achieves magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of the liquid lithium-lead circuit, improving the reliability of the circuit design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of liquid metal breeder blanket and main heat transfer system design for nuclear fusion reactors, specifically involving a liquid lithium-lead loop design optimization method under a strong magnetic field environment, a computer-readable storage medium, a liquid lithium-lead loop design optimization device under a strong magnetic field environment, and a liquid lithium-lead loop design optimization platform under a strong magnetic field environment. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid lithium-lead alloys are crucial functional materials in the tritium breeding blanket of fusion reactors, typically serving multiple purposes including tritium breeding, heat transfer, and neutron multiplication. During fusion reactor operation, the heat generated in the first wall and blanket region needs to be promptly dissipated through the liquid lithium-lead loop to ensure the blanket structure and related equipment remain within acceptable temperature ranges. Therefore, the flow, pressure drop, and heat transfer capacity of the liquid lithium-lead main heat transfer system are critical aspects of the blanket system engineering design.

[0003] However, existing liquid lithium-lead circuit designs are typically based on conventional thermal-fluid coupling analysis, primarily considering the impact of temperature changes on fluid properties, and calculating flow distribution, pipeline pressure drop, pumping capacity, and heat transfer capacity accordingly. However, tokamak devices operate in a strong magnetic field environment. The flow of liquid lithium-lead in this magnetic field generates induced currents, which interact with the magnetic field to form Lorentz forces. This alters the fluid velocity distribution, pressure distribution, and heat transfer characteristics, affecting pipe diameter selection, pipeline layout, equipment selection, and assessment of heat transfer capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to propose a method for optimizing the design of liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions. This method integrates the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of a tokamak device into the circuit design process, thereby obtaining liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that more closely approximate actual operating conditions.

[0005] A second objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0006] The third objective of this invention is to propose an optimized design device for liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions.

[0007] The fourth objective of this invention is to propose a design optimization platform for liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention proposes a method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions, comprising: establishing a liquid lithium-lead circuit model, and defining basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical property parameters of the liquid lithium-lead circuit in the liquid lithium-lead circuit model; dividing the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple computational units, and obtaining the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device; obtaining the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit, and modifying the design of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results, and outputting the liquid lithium-lead circuit design results.

[0009] The liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under strong magnetic field environment according to the present invention integrates the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions. Thus, it realizes the magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuit under strong magnetic field environment and improves the reliability of circuit design.

[0010] In addition, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under a strong magnetic field environment according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead loop model includes: cladding outlet, cladding inlet, main / branch pipes, pipe section components, heat exchanger, circulating pump, and valves. The pipe section components include at least one of elbows, tees, reducing pipe sections, branch cavities, and manifold cavities. The liquid lithium-lead loop design results include the liquid lithium-lead loop pipe diameter, pipe routing, branch flow rate, total pressure drop, pressure drop of each pipe section, MHD additional pressure drop percentage, temperature distribution, heat exchanger capacity, circulating pump head, list of magnetically sensitive pipe sections, and key areas requiring electrical insulation or resistance reduction measures.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, dividing the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple calculation units includes: dividing the liquid lithium-lead circuit into multiple calculation units according to the circuit structure characteristics, pipeline flow characteristics and magnetic field action area, and marking key calculation units according to the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, pipeline direction, liquid lithium-lead flow direction and the relative relationship between the magnetic field and the flow direction of the pipe segment corresponding to each calculation unit.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device includes: obtaining the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device based on the tokamak device magnet system design data, electromagnetic field calculation results, or measured magnetic field data, wherein the magnetic field environment parameters include the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction, and magnetic field gradient of the spatial region where the liquid lithium-lead circuit is located; mapping the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device to each computing unit to obtain the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit includes: establishing a heat flow reference model, a liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model, and a magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupling calculation model respectively; performing conventional heat flow coupling calculations on the liquid lithium-lead circuit using the heat flow reference model to obtain the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path, and local pressure drop under no magnetic field conditions; and obtaining the induced current distribution, potential distribution, and [other parameters] of the key calculation unit based on the local magnetic field vector, liquid lithium-lead flow velocity, conductivity, and wall conductivity state using the liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model. Lorentz force distribution; using the magnetohydrodynamics and thermofluidity coupled calculation model, based on the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path and local pressure drop under the no-magnetic-field conditions, as well as the induced current distribution, potential distribution and Lorentz force distribution of the key calculation unit, coupled calculation is performed iteratively until the coupled calculation converges, and the strong magnetic field coupled calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead loop model are output. Each iteration includes updating physical property parameters, calculating induced current, calculating Lorentz force, calculating pressure field, calculating velocity field and calculating temperature field. The strong magnetic field coupled calculation results include the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the design correction of the liquid lithium-lead loop model based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results includes: if the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model does not meet the standards, then the pipe diameter, branch flow rate, heat exchanger heat exchange area or heat exchange boundary, flow channel arrangement, pipeline direction or circulating pump head of the liquid lithium-lead loop model are adaptively adjusted.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: obtaining the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computing unit, wherein the Hartmann number is used to characterize the relative influence of magnetic force and viscous force, the Reynolds number is used to characterize the relative influence of inertial force and viscous force, and the interaction parameters are used to characterize the relative influence of electromagnetic force and inertial force; and classifying the magnetic field sensitivity of the pipe segment corresponding to each computing unit according to the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computing unit.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, a computer-readable storage medium is provided in the second aspect of the present invention, which stores a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program under a strong magnetic field environment. When the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program under a strong magnetic field environment is executed by a processor, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under a strong magnetic field environment described in the present invention is implemented.

[0017] According to embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can execute a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program stored thereon under a strong magnetic field environment. This program can integrate the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of a tokamak device into the circuit design process. This is used to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions. As a result, the magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field environments can be realized, thereby improving the reliability of the circuit design.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the third aspect of the present invention proposes a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under a strong magnetic field environment, comprising: a circuit modeling module, used to establish a liquid lithium-lead circuit model, and define basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical property parameters of the liquid lithium-lead circuit in the liquid lithium-lead circuit model; a magnetic field mapping module, used to divide the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple calculation units, and obtain the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit according to the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device; and a circuit optimization module, used to obtain the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model according to the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit, and to perform design correction on the liquid lithium-lead circuit model according to the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results, and output the liquid lithium-lead circuit design results.

[0019] The liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention incorporates the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions. Thus, it realizes the magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuit under strong magnetic field environment and improves the reliability of circuit design.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under strong magnetic field conditions, which includes the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field conditions described in the above-described embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] The liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under strong magnetic field environment according to embodiments of the present invention, using the aforementioned liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field environment, can integrate the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process, so as to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions, thereby realizing the magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuit under strong magnetic field environment and improving the reliability of circuit design.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the design optimization method for liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a method for optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuit design under a strong magnetic field environment, a computer-readable storage medium, a device for optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuit design under a strong magnetic field environment, and a platform for optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuit design under a strong magnetic field environment.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the design optimization method for liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the design optimization method for liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions includes: S101. Establish a liquid lithium-lead circuit model, and define the basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical property parameters of the liquid lithium-lead circuit in the liquid lithium-lead circuit model.

[0028] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead loop model includes: cladding outlet, cladding inlet, main / branch pipes, pipe section components, heat exchanger, circulating pump, and valves. The pipe section components include at least one of elbows, tees, reducing pipe sections, branching cavities, and manifold cavities.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, based on the overall design scheme of the liquid lithium-lead main heat transfer system, a liquid lithium-lead loop model is established, including the cladding outlet, cladding inlet, main / branch pipes, local components of the pipe section (e.g., elbows, tees, reducing pipe sections, diversion chambers, junction chambers, etc.), heat exchangers, circulating pumps, and valves. The basic model parameters of the liquid lithium-lead loop, the operating boundary conditions of the liquid lithium-lead loop, and the liquid lithium-lead physical property parameters that change with temperature are defined in the liquid lithium-lead loop model.

[0030] Therefore, by incorporating the cladding inlet and outlet, pipes, elbows, tees, manifolds, branch chambers, heat exchangers, circulating pumps, and valves in the liquid lithium-lead main heat transfer system into the liquid lithium-lead loop model, we can avoid isolated analysis of only a single pipe section or local components of a pipe section.

[0031] Optionally, in the above embodiments of the present invention, the basic model parameters of the liquid lithium-lead circuit may include the length, diameter, cross-sectional shape, connection relationship, installation position, flow direction, wall material, electrical insulation conditions and heat exchange boundary conditions of each pipe section, and the operating boundary conditions of the liquid lithium-lead circuit may include the inlet temperature, inlet pressure, mass flow rate, heat source distribution, allowable temperature range, allowable pressure drop range and circulation pump capacity range of the liquid lithium-lead.

[0032] Furthermore, the temperature-dependent physical properties of liquid lithium lead can include its density, dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and electrical conductivity, enabling the liquid lithium lead loop model to reflect the effects of temperature changes on flow resistance, heat transfer capacity, and electromagnetic response.

[0033] S102 divides the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple computational units, and obtains the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device.

[0034] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead circuit model is divided into multiple calculation units, including: dividing the liquid lithium-lead circuit into multiple calculation units according to the circuit structure characteristics, pipeline flow characteristics and magnetic field area, and marking key calculation units according to the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, pipeline direction, liquid lithium-lead flow direction and the relative relationship between the magnetic field and the flow direction of the pipe section corresponding to each calculation unit.

[0035] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead circuit model is divided into multiple calculation units based on the circuit structure characteristics, pipeline flow characteristics, and magnetic field area. The calculation unit may include straight pipe sections, elbow sections, variable diameter sections, branch sections, confluence sections, heat exchange sections, cladding connection sections, and special pipe sections that cross strong magnetic field areas.

[0036] Simultaneously, for each computational unit, a local coordinate system is established to determine the flow direction, characteristic length, hydraulic diameter, wall conductivity, thermal boundary conditions, and their relative relationship with the magnetic field direction. Furthermore, based on the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, pipe orientation, liquid lithium-lead flow direction, and the relative relationship between the magnetic field and flow direction for each computational unit's corresponding pipe segment, pipe segments near the cladding, magnet, window inserts, or with large magnetic field gradients are marked as key computational units for subsequent magnetohydrodynamic coupling calculations. Thus, based on the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, pipe orientation, liquid lithium-lead flow direction, and the relationship between the magnetic field and flow direction, key pipe segments significantly affected by magnetohydrodynamic effects are identified.

[0037] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device, the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit is obtained, including: S201. Based on the design data of the magnet system of the tokamak device, the electromagnetic field calculation results, or the measured magnetic field data, obtain the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device. The magnetic field environment parameters include the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction, and magnetic field gradient of the space region where the liquid lithium-lead circuit is located.

[0038] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction and magnetic field gradient of the spatial region where the liquid lithium-lead circuit is located are obtained based on the tokamak device magnet system design data, electromagnetic field calculation results or measured magnetic field data.

[0039] S202 maps the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device to each computing unit, and obtains the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit.

[0040] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device are mapped to each computing unit, so that each computing unit obtains the local magnetic field vector at its spatial location. Thus, the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction, and magnetic field gradient under the operating conditions of the tokamak device are mapped to each liquid lithium-lead pipe section, so that each pipe section has a corresponding local magnetic field environment.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments of the present invention, for liquid lithium-lead flow, the magnetic field component perpendicular to the flow direction has a more significant impact on the induced current, Lorentz force, and MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) additional voltage drop. Therefore, the local magnetic field vector can be decomposed into a magnetic field component parallel to the flow direction and a magnetic field component perpendicular to the flow direction, and then the magnetic field component perpendicular to the flow direction can be used as the main magnetic field input for subsequent calculations.

[0042] S103: Based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit, obtain the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model, and perform design correction on the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results, and output the liquid lithium-lead circuit design results.

[0043] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit, the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead loop model are obtained, including: S301, respectively establish a heat flow reference model, a liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model, and a magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupled calculation model.

[0044] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the heat flow reference model is used to carry out heat flow reference calculations under no magnetic field conditions, the liquid lithium lead magnetohydrodynamic model is used to carry out magnetohydrodynamic calculations under strong magnetic field conditions, and the magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupled calculation model is used to carry out magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupled iterative calculations.

[0045] S302 performs conventional thermal-fluid coupling calculations on liquid lithium-lead circuits using a thermal-fluid reference model to obtain flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path, and local pressure drop under non-magnetic field conditions.

[0046] It is understood that in this embodiment of the present invention, without considering the effect of a magnetic field, based on the conservation of mass, momentum and energy, a conventional thermal-fluid coupling calculation is performed on the liquid lithium-lead circuit using a thermal flux reference model to obtain the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the friction and local pressure drop under the condition of no magnetic field.

[0047] Among them, the friction drop is used to characterize the pressure loss caused by viscous resistance when liquid lithium lead flows along the pipeline, and the local pressure drop is used to characterize the pressure loss caused by local components of the pipe section such as elbows, tees, reducers, valves, and heat exchangers. The results obtained in this step serve as the reference state for subsequent strong magnetic field coupling calculations, and are used to identify the pressure drop, flow rate, and temperature changes before and after the magnetic field is applied.

[0048] S303 uses a liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model to obtain the induced current distribution, potential distribution, and Lorentz force distribution of key calculation units based on the local magnetic field vector, liquid lithium-lead flow velocity, conductivity, and wall conductivity state.

[0049] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, in engineering design calculations, a liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model can be used to calculate the induced current distribution, potential distribution, and Lorentz force distribution of the key calculation unit generated by the movement of liquid lithium-lead, based on the local magnetic field vector, liquid lithium-lead flow velocity, conductivity, and wall conductivity state. The induced current distribution can be expressed by the following formula: ; In the formula, This refers to the induced current density, expressed in A / m². The conductivity of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature is expressed in S / m. Temperature, in Kelvin (K). Electric potential, measured in V; This represents the potential gradient, in units of V / m. This represents the velocity vector of liquid lithium-lead, in m / s. is the magnetic flux density vector, with units of T.

[0050] The distribution of the Lorentz force can be expressed by the following formula: ; In the formula, The Lorentz force per unit volume of liquid lithium-lead is expressed in N / m³. This refers to the induced current density, expressed in A / m². is the magnetic flux density vector, with units of T.

[0051] It should be noted that in the above embodiments of the present invention, in the strong magnetic field region, liquid lithium lead is treated as a conductive fluid. When liquid lithium lead flows in the magnetic field, it will generate an induced current due to cutting the magnetic field lines. The induced current interacts with the external magnetic field to generate a Lorentz force. Then, the Lorentz force reacts on the liquid lithium lead fluid, causing changes in the flow velocity distribution and pressure distribution, and forming a magnetohydrodynamic additional pressure drop that is different from the conventional friction drop and local pressure drop.

[0052] S304 uses a magnetohydrodynamic and thermofluidic coupled calculation model. Based on the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path and local pressure drop under no magnetic field conditions, as well as the induced current distribution, potential distribution and Lorentz force distribution of key calculation units, it performs coupled calculations in an iterative manner until the coupled calculations converge. It then outputs the strong magnetic field coupled calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead loop model. Each iteration includes updating physical property parameters, calculating induced current, Lorentz force, pressure field, velocity field and temperature field. The strong magnetic field coupled calculation results include the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model.

[0053] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the Lorentz force calculated above is introduced as a volume force into the control equation of liquid lithium-lead flow using a magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling calculation model, and the velocity field, pressure field and temperature field under the action of a strong magnetic field are recalculated.

[0054] The momentum equation involving the Lorentz force can be expressed as: ; In the formula, The density of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature is expressed in kg / m³. Temperature, in Kelvin (K). This represents the velocity vector of liquid lithium-lead, in m / s. Pressure, unit is Pa; The dynamic viscosity of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature is expressed in Pa·s. This represents the velocity gradient, in units of 1 / s. This is the Lorentz force, measured in N / m³. This is the acceleration due to gravity, expressed in m / s².

[0055] The energy equation can be expressed as: ; In the formula, The density of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature is expressed in kg / m³. This represents the isobaric specific heat capacity of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature, expressed in J / (kg·K). Temperature, in Kelvin (K). This represents the velocity vector of liquid lithium-lead, in m / s. The thermal conductivity of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature is expressed in W / (m·K). It is a volumetric heat source, with units of W / m³; This is the Joule heating term, with units of W / m³.

[0056] When the Joule heat generated by the induced current needs to be considered, the Joule heat term can be expressed as:

[0057] In the formula, Joule heat, measured in W / m³; This refers to the induced current density, expressed in A / m². The conductivity of liquid lithium lead as a function of temperature is expressed in S / m.

[0058] It should be noted that in the above coupled calculations, the velocity field affects the induced current and Lorentz force, which in turn affects the velocity and pressure fields. Changes in the velocity field alter the convective heat transfer capacity, while changes in the temperature field affect the density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of liquid lithium-lead. Simultaneously, an iterative solution is employed, allowing the flow field, electromagnetic field, and temperature field to mutually correct each other within the same calculation process until the changes in flow rate, pressure drop, and temperature meet the convergence requirements. Therefore, by coupling the velocity field, pressure field, temperature field, electrical conductivity, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and Lorentz force in the calculations, the effects of temperature changes on physical properties and the effects of the magnetic field on flow resistance can be mutually fed back.

[0059] Specifically, the flow field corresponds to the flow distribution, velocity, and pipe diameter selection in the liquid lithium-lead loop; the electromagnetic field corresponds to the additional pressure drop of the MHD under a strong magnetic field and the identification of magnetic field-sensitive pipe sections; and the temperature field corresponds to the liquid lithium-lead outlet temperature, wall temperature, and heat exchanger capacity. Therefore, by coupling these three factors, it can be used to determine whether the pipe diameter, pipeline routing, pump head, branch flow rate, and heat exchanger capacity in the existing loop scheme meet the design requirements (i.e., using an iterative coupling calculation). Furthermore, by continuously refining the loop scheme until the design requirements are met (i.e., the coupling calculation converges), the results of the strong magnetic field coupling calculation are output (e.g., the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature, or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model).

[0060] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead loop model is designed and modified based on the calculation results of strong magnetic field coupling, including: if the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model does not meet the standards, the pipe diameter, branch flow rate, heat exchanger heat exchange area or heat exchange boundary, flow channel arrangement, pipeline direction or circulating pump head of the liquid lithium-lead loop model are adaptively adjusted.

[0061] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, when the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature, or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model does not meet the standards, adaptive adjustments are made to the pipe diameter, branch flow rate, heat exchanger heat exchange area or heat exchange boundary, flow channel arrangement, pipeline direction, or circulating pump head of the liquid lithium-lead loop model. For example, by increasing the pipe diameter, changing the branch flow rate, optimizing the heat exchanger heat exchange area, adjusting the flow channel arrangement, changing the pipeline direction, or adding local resistance reduction measures, the liquid lithium-lead loop model can meet the design requirements.

[0062] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design results include the liquid lithium-lead circuit pipe diameter, pipe routing, branch flow rate, total pressure drop, pressure drop of each pipe section, MHD additional pressure drop ratio, temperature distribution, heat exchanger capacity, circulating pump head, list of magnetic field sensitive pipe sections, and key areas that require electrical insulation or resistance reduction measures.

[0063] It is understood that in this embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid lithium-lead circuit model meets the design requirements, the final liquid lithium-lead circuit design results are output, including the liquid lithium-lead circuit pipe diameter, pipe routing, branch flow rate, total pressure drop, pressure drop of each pipe section, MHD additional pressure drop ratio, temperature distribution, heat exchanger capacity, circulating pump head, list of magnetic field sensitive pipe sections, and key areas that require electrical insulation or resistance reduction measures.

[0064] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method also includes: S401, obtain the Hartmann number, Reynolds number and interaction parameters for each computational unit. The Hartmann number is used to characterize the relative influence of magnetic force and viscous force, the Reynolds number is used to characterize the relative influence of inertial force and viscous force, and the interaction parameters are used to characterize the relative influence of electromagnetic force and inertial force.

[0065] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, for each computing unit, interaction parameters are calculated separately to determine the relative influence between magnetic force, viscous force, and inertial force: The Hartmann number can be expressed as: ; Reynolds numbers can be represented as:

[0066] The interaction parameters can be expressed as: ; In the formula, is the Hartmann number, which is dimensionless and used to characterize the relative influence of magnetic force and viscous force; , which is the Reynolds number, dimensionless, used to characterize the relative influence of inertial forces and viscous forces; The interaction parameter is dimensionless and is used to characterize the relative influence between electromagnetic force and inertial force. Characteristic magnetic flux density, expressed in tons (T). The characteristic length is expressed in meters and is taken as the hydraulic diameter of the pipe or the characteristic dimension of the flow channel. Electrical conductivity, expressed in S / m; This is the dynamic viscosity, measured in Pa·s. Density, expressed in kg / m³; The characteristic velocity is expressed in m / s.

[0067] S402 classifies the magnetic field sensitivity of the pipe segment corresponding to each computing unit based on the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computing unit.

[0068] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field sensitivity of each pipe segment corresponding to each computing unit is classified according to the Hartmann number, Reynolds number and interaction parameters of each computing unit. For example, when the magnetic field effect of a certain pipe segment is significant, the pipe segment is listed as a key target for voltage drop correction and result optimization.

[0069] The design and optimization process of the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under a strong magnetic field environment according to specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below: Full-loop magnetohydrodynamics and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead main heat transfer system (This example illustrates how to integrate loop structure, magnetic field distribution, liquid lithium-lead thermal properties, flow pressure drop, and heat transfer capacity into the design calculation process during the loop design phase of a liquid lithium-lead main heat transfer system): Step A1: Establish a liquid lithium-lead circuit model.

[0070] Step A2: Input the basic model parameters of the liquid lithium-lead loop, the operating boundary conditions of the liquid lithium-lead loop, and the physical property parameters of liquid lithium-lead that change with temperature, so that the model can reflect the flow path and heat transfer path of liquid lithium-lead in the actual loop, and when the temperature of liquid lithium-lead changes, the corresponding physical property parameters are updated synchronously, so that the heat flow calculation and magnetodynamics calculation are both based on the current temperature state.

[0071] Step A3: Divide the liquid lithium-lead circuit into computational units and mark special pipe sections that cross or are located in strong magnetic field regions, as well as key computational units that require MHD correction and thermal-fluid coupling analysis in subsequent calculations.

[0072] Step A4: Import the magnetic field distribution data of the tokamak device under operating conditions into the liquid lithium-lead loop model, and extract the local magnetic field parameters at the spatial location of a calculation unit, and match the magnetic field direction with the liquid lithium-lead flow direction.

[0073] Step A5: Without considering the effect of a magnetic field, perform conventional thermal-fluid coupling calculations on the liquid lithium-lead circuit to obtain the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the friction, and local pressure drop under the condition of no magnetic field.

[0074] Step A6: Based on the liquid lithium-lead flow rate, local magnetic field parameters, conductivity, and wall conductivity, calculate the induced current distribution, potential distribution, and Lorentz force distribution in each key calculation unit.

[0075] Step A7: Introduce the Lorentz force obtained in step A6 as a volume force into the flow calculation, and resolve the velocity field and pressure field of the liquid lithium-lead loop. Then, recalculate the temperature field based on the corrected velocity field. The coupled calculation is performed in an iterative manner. Each iteration includes updating physical property parameters, calculating induced current, calculating Lorentz force, calculating pressure field, calculating velocity field, and calculating temperature field.

[0076] Step A8: Compare the results of two adjacent iterations to determine whether the total loop pressure drop, critical branch flow rate, and critical location temperature meet the preset deviation requirements. Specifically, if the total loop pressure drop deviation is not greater than the preset pressure drop deviation limit, the critical branch flow rate deviation is not greater than the preset flow rate deviation limit, and the critical location temperature deviation is not greater than the preset temperature deviation limit, the coupling calculation is considered to have converged. Otherwise, continue with step A7 until the convergence condition is met.

[0077] Step A9: After convergence, output the full loop coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead main heat transfer system. The calculation results include the flow rate of each branch, the pressure drop of each pipe section, the total pressure drop of the loop, the proportion of the MHD additional pressure drop, the temperature distribution of liquid lithium-lead, the inlet temperature of the heat exchanger, the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger, the wall temperature of the key pipe section, the head requirement of the circulating pump, and the list of magnetic field sensitive pipe sections.

[0078] Identification of Severe Magnetic Field Sensitive Pipe Sections and MHD Additional Voltage Drop Correction (This example illustrates how to identify pipe sections significantly affected by strong magnetic fields in a liquid lithium-lead circuit and perform MHD additional voltage drop correction on such pipe sections): Step B1: In the liquid lithium-lead loop model, extract the spatial coordinates, pipe segment orientation, and liquid lithium-lead flow direction of all calculation units. Also, establish a local coordinate system for each calculation unit, with one direction consistent with the main direction of liquid lithium-lead, and the other directions used to describe the pipe cross-section direction and the direction of magnetic field action.

[0079] Step B2: Based on the magnetic field distribution data of the tokamak device, obtain the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction and magnetic field gradient at the location of each computing unit. Also, compare the local magnetic field direction with the liquid lithium lead flow direction to determine the angle between the magnetic field and the flow direction, and obtain the magnetic field components that are parallel and perpendicular to the flow direction.

[0080] Step B3: Based on the local magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, angle between the magnetic field and the flow direction, and the region where the pipe section is located, perform preliminary screening of each calculation unit. When a calculation unit is located in a strong magnetic field region, a region with significant changes in magnetic field gradient, or when the flow direction of liquid lithium lead is nearly perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, mark the calculation unit as the initial magnetic field sensitive pipe section.

[0081] Step B4: Calculate the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) characteristic parameters for the initial magnetic field-sensitive pipe section. These parameters include those characterizing the relative relationship between magnetic field and viscous effects, inertial and viscous effects, and electromagnetic and inertial effects. These characteristic parameters are used to determine the degree of influence of the magnetic field on the flow resistance and velocity distribution of the pipe section, and serve as criteria for whether to implement additional pressure drop correction for MHD.

[0082] Step B5: Based on the magnetohydrodynamic characteristic parameters and the complexity of the pipe section structure, the magnetic field sensitive pipe sections are divided into different levels: 1) For pipe sections with weak magnetic field effects, the conventional heat flow pressure drop calculation results are used as the design pressure drop; 2) For pipe sections with significant magnetic field effects and simple structure, the segmented correction method is used to calculate the additional MHD pressure drop; 3) For pipe sections with strong magnetic fields, complex geometric structures and obvious heat transfer boundaries, the pressure drop correction results are obtained by using the local three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow coupled calculation method.

[0083] Step B6: For the magnetic field sensitive pipe section that needs correction, calculate the additional voltage drop caused by magnetohydrodynamic effects on the pipe section based on the liquid lithium-lead flow rate, local magnetic field parameters, conductivity, pipe section characteristic dimensions, wall conductivity, and insulation layer setting status: 1) For pipe sections with electrical insulation layers, the wall current closed path is treated as a constraint condition in the calculation; 2) For pipe sections without electrical insulation layers or with continuous metal conductive paths, the influence of the wall surface on the induced current distribution and Lorentz force distribution is considered in the calculation.

[0084] Step B7: Combine the MHD additional pressure drop of each magnetic field sensitive pipe section with its conventional friction drop and local pressure drop into the total pressure drop of the pipe section: 1) For series pipes, accumulate the pressure drop of each pipe section segment by segment to obtain the total pressure drop of the series path; 2) For parallel branches, recalculate the flow rate of each branch according to the pressure balance relationship of the nodes and the mass conservation relationship, so that the flow distribution result can reflect the resistance change caused by the strong magnetic field.

[0085] Step B8: If the flow rate of a branch decreases due to the increased additional pressure drop of the MHD, the heat exchange capacity calculation result of the branch is updated synchronously. Also, if the corrected flow rate of the branch cannot meet the heat exchange requirements of the cladding, or if the temperature of the branch exceeds the allowable range, the branch is listed as a subsequent optimization target.

[0086] Step B9: After completing the above calculations, output the results of magnetic field sensitive pipe segment identification and MHD additional pressure drop correction, including pipe segment number, pipe segment location, pipe segment type, local magnetic field strength, relationship between magnetic field and flow direction, wall conductivity, insulation layer setting status, MHD additional pressure drop ratio, whether structural optimization is needed, whether it is recommended to set an electrical insulation layer, and whether the pipeline routing needs to be adjusted.

[0087] Closed-loop optimization of liquid lithium-lead circuit design (This embodiment illustrates how to perform closed-loop optimization based on the method of this invention when the initial design of the liquid lithium-lead circuit cannot meet the requirements of pressure drop, flow rate, or heat exchange): Step C1: Read the coupling calculation results of the above embodiment, including the total pressure drop of the loop, the flow rate of each branch, the pressure drop of each pipe section, the proportion of the additional pressure drop of MHD, the temperature at key locations, the heat load of the heat exchanger, the head requirement of the circulating pump, and the list of magnetic field sensitive pipe sections.

[0088] Step C2: Compare the total pressure drop of the loop after strong magnetic field coupling correction with the allowable pressure drop range: 1) When the total pressure drop of the loop does not exceed the allowable pressure drop range, proceed to the subsequent flow rate and heat exchange capacity verification; 2) When the total pressure drop of the loop exceeds the allowable pressure drop range, analyze the source of the pressure drop and determine whether the pressure drop mainly comes from conventional friction resistance, local component resistance or MHD additional pressure drop.

[0089] Step C3: 1) When the pressure drop mainly comes from conventional friction resistance, adjust the pipe diameter, shorten unnecessary long pipe sections, or optimize the layout of main and branch pipes; 2) When the pressure drop mainly comes from local components such as elbows, tees, reducers, valves, or heat exchanger inlets and outlets, optimize the structure of these local components to reduce sharp bends, sudden expansions, sudden contractions, and unreasonable confluences; 3) When the pressure drop mainly comes from the additional pressure drop of the MHD (Medium-Density High-Pressure) pipe section, proceed to the optimization process for magnetically sensitive pipe sections.

[0090] Step C4: For pipe sections with a high proportion of additional pressure drop due to MHD, adjust their arrangement in the strong magnetic field area. Optimization measures include reducing the effective length of the pipe section in the strong magnetic field area, adjusting the angle between the pipe section and the magnetic field direction, avoiding long-distance vertical crossings of the strong magnetic field area, optimizing the pipe routing through the magnetic field area, or installing an electrical insulation layer on the corresponding pipe section. When the space conditions of the device do not allow for changing the pipe routing, reduce the impact of MHD by increasing the flow cross section, reducing the local flow velocity, or setting up branch lines.

[0091] Step C5: Compare the flow rates of each branch after the strong magnetic field correction with the design flow rate requirements: 1) When the flow rates of each branch meet the design requirements, proceed to the heat exchange capacity verification; 2) When the flow rate of a certain branch is lower than the design requirements, determine whether the insufficient flow rate of the branch is caused by excessive pressure drop of the branch, mismatch of parallel branch resistance, or excessive resistance of local components.

[0092] Step C6: 1) When insufficient branch flow is caused by excessive pressure drop in the branch, reduce the resistance of the branch and adjust its pipe diameter, pipe section length, or local component type; 2) When insufficient branch flow is caused by mismatch in resistance of parallel branches, adjust the pipe diameter, throttling device, or local resistance distribution of the parallel branches to make the flow of each branch meet the distribution requirements again; 3) When insufficient branch flow is caused by additional pressure drop of MHD, optimize the pipeline routing, insulate, or divert the magnetic field sensitive pipe section in the branch.

[0093] Step C7: Based on the corrected flow rate and velocity distribution, recalculate the liquid lithium-lead loop temperature distribution, heat exchanger inlet temperature, heat exchanger outlet temperature, and critical pipe section wall temperature: 1) When the outlet temperature, wall temperature, and heat exchanger heat load all meet the design requirements, proceed to the final scheme output process; 2) When the local temperature exceeds the allowable range, or the heat exchanger's heat removal capacity is insufficient, determine the source of the temperature anomaly.

[0094] Step C8: 1) When the temperature anomaly is caused by insufficient flow, prioritize adjusting the flow distribution and circulating pump capacity; 2) When the temperature anomaly is caused by insufficient heat exchange area, adjust the heat exchanger capacity, heat exchange area, or heat exchange structure; 3) When the temperature anomaly is caused by a change in velocity distribution due to a strong magnetic field, combine the magnetohydrodynamic calculation results to optimize the layout, cross-section, or insulation of the corresponding pipe section or flow channel.

[0095] Step C9: Re-input the adjusted pipe diameter, pipe routing, insulation layer settings, pump head, heat exchanger parameters, and branch connection relationships into the liquid lithium-lead circuit model, and re-perform magnetic field mapping, non-magnetic field heat flow baseline calculation, magnetohydrodynamic calculation, heat flow coupling calculation, pressure drop correction, and heat exchange capacity verification.

[0096] Step C10: Determine whether the optimization results meet the design criteria. Make a comprehensive judgment on the recalculated results. The design criteria include: the total pressure drop of the loop does not exceed the allowable pressure drop range; the head of the circulating pump can cover the pressure drop requirement after the strong magnetic field coupling correction; the flow rate of each branch meets the cladding heat exchange requirements; the temperature at the critical location does not exceed the allowable temperature range; the heat exchanger capacity meets the heat removal requirements; and the magnetic field sensitive pipe sections have taken measures such as pipeline routing optimization, insulation treatment, resistance reduction treatment, or design margin compensation.

[0097] When all the above conditions are met, proceed to step C11; when any condition is not met, return to the corresponding adjustment step and continue closed-loop optimization.

[0098] Step C11: After meeting the design criteria, the final liquid lithium-lead loop design document is generated, including the loop layout scheme, pipe diameter and pipe section parameters, branch flow distribution results, circulating pump head requirements, heat exchanger design input, pressure drop decomposition results for each pipe section, additional pressure drop results for MHD, list of magnetic field sensitive pipe sections, temperature distribution results, heat exchange capacity verification results, and recommended structural optimization measures.

[0099] In summary, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under strong magnetic field environment according to the embodiments of the present invention integrates the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process. This is used to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions, thereby realizing the magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuit under strong magnetic field environment and improving the reliability of circuit design.

[0100] Based on the liquid lithium-lead circuit design method under strong magnetic field environment of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program under strong magnetic field environment. When the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program under strong magnetic field environment is executed by a processor, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under strong magnetic field environment of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention is implemented.

[0101] It should be understood that the specific implementation of the computer-readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present invention can be found in the specific implementation of the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under a strong magnetic field environment described in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention. To reduce redundancy, it will not be repeated here.

[0102] In summary, the computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of the present invention, by executing the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program stored thereon under a strong magnetic field environment, can integrate the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process, thereby obtaining liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions. This enables the magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field environments, improving the reliability of the circuit design.

[0103] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the liquid lithium-lead loop design optimization device 100 under strong magnetic field environment includes: loop modeling module 10, magnetic field mapping module 20 and loop optimization module 30.

[0105] The circuit modeling module 10 is used to establish a liquid lithium-lead circuit model, and defines the basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical properties of the liquid lithium-lead circuit in the model. The magnetic field mapping module 20 is used to divide the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple calculation units, and obtain the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device. The circuit optimization module 30 is used to obtain the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit, and to perform design corrections on the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results, and output the liquid lithium-lead circuit design results.

[0106] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid lithium-lead loop model includes: cladding outlet, cladding inlet, main / branch pipes, pipe segment components, heat exchanger, circulating pump, and valves. The pipe segment components include at least one of elbows, tees, reducing pipe sections, branch cavities, and manifold cavities. The output liquid lithium-lead loop design results include the liquid lithium-lead loop pipe diameter, pipe routing, branch flow rate, total pressure drop, pressure drop of each pipe segment, MHD additional pressure drop percentage, temperature distribution, heat exchanger capacity, circulating pump head, list of magnetic field sensitive pipe segments, and key areas requiring electrical insulation or resistance reduction measures.

[0107] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic field mapping module 20 is also used to divide the liquid lithium-lead circuit into multiple calculation units according to the circuit structure characteristics, pipeline flow characteristics and magnetic field action area, and to mark key calculation units according to the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, pipeline direction, liquid lithium-lead flow direction and the relative relationship between the magnetic field and the flow direction of the pipe section corresponding to each calculation unit.

[0108] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic field mapping module 20 is also used to obtain magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device based on the tokamak device magnet system design data, electromagnetic field calculation results, or measured magnetic field data. The magnetic field environment parameters include the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction, and magnetic field gradient of the spatial region where the liquid lithium-lead circuit is located; and to map the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device to each computing unit to obtain the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit.

[0109] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the loop optimization module 30 is also used to establish a heat flow reference model, a liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, and a MHD and heat flow coupling calculation model, respectively; to perform conventional MHD calculations on the liquid lithium-lead loop using the heat flow reference model to obtain the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path, and local pressure drop under no magnetic field conditions; and to obtain the induced current distribution, potential distribution, and Lorentz force distribution of key calculation units based on the local magnetic field vector, liquid lithium-lead flow velocity, conductivity, and wall conductivity state using the MHD model; and to obtain the MHD and heat flow coupling calculations of the liquid lithium-lead loop using the MHD model. The heat-fluid coupling calculation model, based on the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path and local pressure drop under no magnetic field conditions, as well as the induced current distribution, potential distribution and Lorentz force distribution of the key calculation unit, adopts an iterative method to perform coupled calculations until the coupled calculations converge, and outputs the strong magnetic field coupled calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead loop model. Each iteration includes updating physical property parameters, calculating induced current, calculating Lorentz force, calculating pressure field, calculating velocity field and calculating temperature field. The strong magnetic field coupled calculation results include the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model.

[0110] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the loop optimization module 30 is also used to adaptively adjust the pipe diameter, branch flow rate, heat exchanger heat exchange area or heat exchange boundary, flow channel arrangement, pipeline direction or circulating pump head of the liquid lithium-lead loop model if the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model do not meet the standards.

[0111] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the loop optimization module 30 is also used to obtain the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computing unit. The Hartmann number is used to characterize the relative influence of magnetic force and viscous force, the Reynolds number is used to characterize the relative influence of inertial force and viscous force, and the interaction parameters are used to characterize the relative influence of electromagnetic force and inertial force. Based on the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computing unit, the magnetic field sensitivity of the pipe segment corresponding to each computing unit is classified.

[0112] It should be understood that the specific implementation of the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field environment in the embodiments of the present invention corresponds one-to-one with the specific implementation of the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under strong magnetic field environment in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention. To reduce redundancy, it will not be described again here.

[0113] In summary, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field environment according to the present invention incorporates the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions. Thus, it realizes the magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuit under strong magnetic field environment and improves the reliability of circuit design.

[0114] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under a strong magnetic field environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0115] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform 1000 under strong magnetic field environment includes the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device 100 under strong magnetic field environment described in the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] It should be understood that the specific implementation of the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under strong magnetic field environment in the embodiments of the present invention can refer to the specific implementation of the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device 100 under strong magnetic field environment in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention. To reduce redundancy, it will not be described again here.

[0117] In summary, the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under strong magnetic field conditions according to embodiments of the present invention, using the aforementioned liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field conditions, can integrate the magnetic field distribution, temperature-related physical properties of liquid lithium-lead, flow pressure drop, heat transfer characteristics, and magnetohydrodynamic additional resistance under the operating conditions of the tokamak device into the circuit design process. This is used to obtain liquid lithium-lead circuit design parameters that are closer to the actual operating conditions, thereby realizing the magnetohydrodynamic and thermal-fluid coupling design of liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions and improving the reliability of circuit design.

[0118] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0119] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0120] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0121] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0122] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0123] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0124] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0125] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the design of a liquid lithium lead loop in a high magnetic field environment, characterized in that, The method includes: A liquid lithium-lead circuit model is established, and the basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical property parameters of the liquid lithium-lead circuit are defined in the liquid lithium-lead circuit model. The liquid lithium-lead circuit model is divided into multiple computational units, and the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computational unit is obtained based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device. Based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit, the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model are obtained, and the liquid lithium-lead circuit model is designed and corrected based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results, and the liquid lithium-lead circuit design results are output.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid lithium-lead loop design optimization in a high magnetic field environment is characterized by, The liquid lithium-lead loop model includes: cladding outlet, cladding inlet, main / branch pipes, pipe section components, heat exchanger, circulating pump, and valves. The pipe section components include at least one of elbows, tees, reducing pipe sections, branch cavities, and manifold cavities. The liquid lithium-lead loop design results include the liquid lithium-lead loop pipe diameter, pipe routing, branch flow rate, total pressure drop, pressure drop of each pipe section, MHD additional pressure drop percentage, temperature distribution, heat exchanger capacity, circulating pump head, list of magnetic field sensitive pipe sections, and key areas requiring electrical insulation or resistance reduction measures.

3. The method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of dividing the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple computational units includes: Based on the loop structure characteristics, pipeline flow characteristics, and magnetic field area, the liquid lithium-lead loop is divided into multiple calculation units. The key calculation units are marked according to the magnetic field strength, magnetic field gradient, pipe direction, liquid lithium-lead flow direction, and the relative relationship between the magnetic field and the flow direction of the pipe section corresponding to each calculation unit.

4. The method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device includes: Based on the design data of the magnet system of the tokamak device, the electromagnetic field calculation results or the measured magnetic field data, the magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device are obtained. The magnetic field environment parameters include the magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction and magnetic field gradient of the space region where the liquid lithium-lead circuit is located. The magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device are mapped to each computing unit to obtain the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit.

5. The method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit includes: A heat flow baseline model, a liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model, and a coupled magnetohydrodynamic and heat flow calculation model were established respectively. The liquid lithium-lead circuit is subjected to conventional thermal-fluid coupling calculations using the aforementioned thermal-fluid reference model to obtain the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the friction, and local pressure drop under non-magnetic field conditions. Using the liquid lithium-lead magnetohydrodynamic model, the induced current distribution, potential distribution, and Lorentz force distribution of the key calculation unit are obtained based on the local magnetic field vector, liquid lithium-lead flow velocity, conductivity, and wall conductivity. Using the magnetohydrodynamics and thermofluidity coupled calculation model, based on the flow distribution, velocity distribution, pressure distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop along the path and local pressure drop under the non-magnetic field conditions, as well as the induced current distribution, potential distribution and Lorentz force distribution of the key calculation unit, the coupled calculation is performed iteratively until the coupled calculation converges, and the strong magnetic field coupled calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead loop model are output. Each iteration includes updating physical property parameters, calculating induced current, calculating Lorentz force, calculating pressure field, calculating velocity field and calculating temperature field. The strong magnetic field coupled calculation results include the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model.

6. The method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of designing and correcting the liquid lithium-lead circuit model based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results includes: If the total pressure drop, branch flow rate, wall temperature, outlet temperature, or heat exchanger capacity of the liquid lithium-lead loop model do not meet the standards, then the pipe diameter, branch flow rate, heat exchanger heat exchange area or heat exchange boundary, flow channel arrangement, pipeline direction, or circulating pump head of the liquid lithium-lead loop model shall be adaptively adjusted.

7. The method for designing and optimizing liquid lithium-lead circuits under a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computational unit are obtained. The Hartmann number is used to characterize the relative influence of magnetic force and viscous force, the Reynolds number is used to characterize the relative influence of inertial force and viscous force, and the interaction parameters are used to characterize the relative influence of electromagnetic force and inertial force. The magnetic field sensitivity of the pipe segment corresponding to each computing unit is classified according to the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, and interaction parameters of each computing unit.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program under a strong magnetic field environment. When the processor executes the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization program under a strong magnetic field environment, it implements the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization method under a strong magnetic field environment as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A device for optimizing the design of liquid lithium-lead circuits under strong magnetic field conditions, characterized in that, The device includes: The loop modeling module is used to establish a liquid lithium-lead loop model, and to define the basic model parameters, operating boundary conditions, and temperature-dependent physical property parameters of the liquid lithium-lead loop in the liquid lithium-lead loop model. The magnetic field mapping module is used to divide the liquid lithium-lead circuit model into multiple computing units and obtain the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each computing unit based on the strong magnetic field environment parameters under the operating conditions of the tokamak device. The loop optimization module is used to obtain the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results of the liquid lithium-lead loop model based on the local magnetic field vector at the spatial location of each calculation unit, and to design and correct the liquid lithium-lead loop model based on the strong magnetic field coupling calculation results, and output the liquid lithium-lead loop design results.

10. A liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization platform under strong magnetic field environment, characterized in that, The platform includes the liquid lithium-lead circuit design optimization device under strong magnetic field environment as described in claim 9.

Images