Three-element hormone complex solution and germination method for promoting seed germination of tetraploid polygonatum

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural biotechnology and discloses a ternary hormone complex solution for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seeds. By mass percentage, it consists of the following raw materials: gibberellin 0.005%–0.02%, 6-benzyladenine 0.0005%–0.002%, salicylic acid 0.0005%–0.002%, with the balance being water. The germination method includes the following steps: S1: seed pretreatment; S2: hormone soaking; S3: substrate sterilization; S4: sand stratification for germination. This ternary hormone complex solution and germination method can significantly improve the germination rate of tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seeds and effectively reduce the mold rate during the seed germination period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural biotechnology, specifically to a ternary hormone complex solution and a germination-promoting method for tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Germination and cultivation of Polygonatum seeds is a key step in its large-scale breeding and planting. Existing technologies for treating Polygonatum seed germination mainly fall into three categories: physical treatment, chemical treatment, and combined physical and chemical treatment. Physical treatments include sand stratification, hot water soaking, mechanical damage, and composting for post-ripening. Sand stratification involves mixing Polygonatum seeds with river sand (0.3–0.5 mm in diameter) at a ratio of 1:3 or 1:5, treating them at 25°C for 35 days under 60% humidity, followed by treatment at 3–5°C for 90–110 days. Hot water soaking involves soaking seeds in 30–40°C water for 12–24 hours, or in 50–55°C water for 20 minutes for disinfection, achieving a sterilization rate of no less than 92%. Mechanical damage involves grinding the seed coat to 0.1–0.2 mm or breaking the hilum to no more than 1 mm; a breakage rate of 95% can increase the germination rate by 60%. Composting for post-ripening involves composting at 20–25°C for 7–10 days, with a pile height of 30–45 cm and an internal temperature not exceeding 35°C. Chemical treatment mainly involves hormone regulation and disinfection. Gibberellin (GA3) is commonly used at a concentration of 100-500 mg / L, with a soaking time of 6-24 hours. 15-20 ml of 75% gibberellin technical grade diluted in 30 catties of water can treat 50 kg of seeds. Concentrations below 50 mg / L are ineffective, while concentrations above 600 mg / L will inhibit germination. 6-Benzyladenine (6-BA) at a concentration of 200-300 mg / L mixed with GA3 at a 1:1 ratio can increase the germination rate by 25%. For disinfection, seeds can be soaked in an 800-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim for 30 minutes (98% sterilization rate) or a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 15 minutes. Physical and chemical treatments can be combined in several ways, such as sand stratification + GA3 (first stratify in sand at 3-5℃ for 60 days, then soak in a 300mg / L GA3 solution for 24 hours, and finally stratify in sand at 20-25℃ for 15 days, resulting in a seed germination rate of no less than 90% and a treatment cycle that is 30 days shorter than sand stratification alone), mechanical damage + hormones (first treat the hilum to a depth of no more than 1 mm, then soak in a mixed solution of 200mg / L GA3 and 100mg / L 6-BA for 12 hours, which can shorten the seed germination time by 50%), and hot water soaking + seed dressing agent (first treat at 50℃ for 20 minutes, then treat with 6.25% cyprodinil·fludioxonil seed dressing agent [drug-to-seed ratio 1:300], with the addition of 50mg / L GA3, which can reduce the seedling disease rate by 85%). These combinations can improve the germination rate, shorten the treatment cycle, or reduce the seedling disease rate to a certain extent.

[0003] While various treatment methods exist for promoting the germination of Polygonatum seeds, hormone regulation still primarily relies on single-hormone treatments and combinations of binary hormones. Traditional single-hormone treatments use only gibberellin (GA3), which only breaks the seed's physiological dormancy but cannot simultaneously promote cell division and enhance seed resistance, leading to uneven germination, weak seedlings, and susceptibility to disease. Using a binary hormone combination of GA3 and 6-BA at low concentrations (10 mg / L GA3 + 10 mg / L 6-BA) results in a dormancy-breaking rate of less than 80% and a germination rate of less than 10%. Using high concentrations (200 mg / L GA3 + 150 mg / L 6-BA) easily causes phytotoxicity, with a dormancy-breaking rate of less than 70% and a germination rate of less than 60%. The difficulty in controlling concentration further exacerbates the instability of germination efficiency. Furthermore, the binary hormone combination lacks stress-regulating components, offering limited improvement in the low-temperature tolerance and disease resistance of Polygonatum seedlings, and the germination cycle remains relatively long.

[0004] Existing treatment technologies for tetraploid Polygonatum seeds have even lower compatibility and suffer from low water absorption and hormone absorption efficiency, as well as high mold rates. Tetraploid Polygonatum seeds have a water absorption efficiency of only 30%–40% and a hormone absorption efficiency of 20%–30%, directly resulting in a 10% reduction in germination rate compared to traditional methods, with an actual germination rate of only 10%. Furthermore, existing soaking and stratification processes are not optimized for tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, leading to a germination cycle of 60–70 days, a germination potential below 40%, and emergence times varying by more than 15 days, resulting in extremely poor uniformity. Simultaneously, existing treatments use a single hormone that only breaks dormancy, making seeds susceptible to pathogen infection during germination, with mold rates as high as 15%–20%. Moldy seeds lose their activity, reducing seed utilization to 40–50% and easily contaminating healthy seeds, further decreasing germination and subsequent transplant survival rates by 50%, severely hindering the large-scale breeding and cultivation of tetraploid Polygonatum. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ternary hormone complex solution that promotes the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, thereby significantly improving the germination rate of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds and effectively reducing the mold rate during the seed germination period.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A ternary hormone complex solution for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seeds, by mass percentage, is composed of the following raw materials: 0.005%–0.02% gibberellin, 0.0005%–0.002% 6-benzyladenine, 0.0005%–0.002% salicylic acid, with the balance being water.

[0007] In the above technical solution, a ternary hormone complex solution is constructed using gibberellin, 6-benzyladenine, salicylic acid, and water. The gibberellin, 6-benzyladenine, and salicylic acid are precisely compounded within the mass percentage ranges of 0.005%–0.02%, 0.0005%–0.002%, and 0.0005%–0.002%, respectively, forming a three-dimensional synergistic regulatory system of "dormancy breaking-growth promotion-stress resistance." Gibberellin effectively breaks the deep physiological dormancy of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, softens the thick cuticle, and promotes endosperm starch decomposition for energy supply. 6-benzyladenine regulates the synchronous differentiation of the radicle and plumule, improving seed germination uniformity. Salicylic acid activates the seed defense system, enhances stress resistance, and inhibits pathogen infection. The synergistic effect of these three components significantly improves the absorption efficiency of hormones by tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, effectively solving the problems of low germination efficiency, poor dormancy breaking effect, and high mold rate associated with traditional single or binary hormone formulations. The compound solution within the above concentration range can increase the germination rate of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds from the traditional 30%–60% to over 85%, improve seedling germination uniformity from the traditional 65%–70% to over 90%, and reduce the mold rate from the traditional 15%–25% to 3%–5%. This ternary hormone compound solution ensures safety when used within the above concentration range, avoiding the problems of phytotoxicity from high concentrations and ineffective regulation from low concentrations, and is suitable for different production scenarios such as tetraploid Polygonatum germplasm preservation and large-scale seedling cultivation.

[0008] Preferably, the compound solution contains 0.0125% gibberellin, 0.00125% 6-benzyladenine, and 0.00125% salicylic acid. This differs from the crude formulations of existing single or binary hormones, maximizing the synergistic function of each component.

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, so as to significantly improve the germination rate of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds and effectively reduce the mold rate during the seed germination period.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds includes the following steps: S1: Seed pretreatment Tetraploid Polygonatum seeds were soaked in a 0.08%–0.12% potassium permanganate solution at a constant temperature of 20–25°C for 15–25 minutes. Then, they were soaked in a 0.8%–1.2% sodium thiosulfate solution for 8–12 minutes, followed by a 0.8%–1.2% sodium bicarbonate solution for 8–12 minutes to adjust the physiological environment to a suitable state, stabilizing the pH at 7.0–7.5 and the temperature at 20±2°C. Finally, the seeds were subjected to ultrasonic high-frequency vibration treatment to destroy the waxy epidermal layer of the tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. S2: Hormone Immersion The tetraploid Polygonatum seeds pretreated in step S1 are immersed in the ternary hormone complex solution as described in claim 1 or 2, and soaked at a constant temperature of 20-25°C for 20-28 hours. S3: Substrate sterilization Pine needles are chopped into 2-3 cm pieces and mixed with river sand with a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm at a volume ratio of 1:1.8-1:2.2 to prepare a germination substrate. The substrate is then placed in a high-temperature resistant container and sterilized in an autoclave at 121°C for 20-28 minutes, and allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. S4: Sand storage for germination After soaking the tetraploid Polygonatum seeds in hormones in step S2, place them evenly in the germination substrate in step S3 and carry out stratification germination at 10-25℃. This can be done in a greenhouse or constant temperature incubator to avoid extreme high / low temperatures that inhibit embryo development. Maintain the substrate moisture content at 55%-65% by spraying water. Continue germination until the seedlings are 0.5-1.5cm long and have ≥3 roots. During this period, check and remove moldy or rotten seedlings every 4-6 days.

[0011] In the above technical solution, this germination method, through seed pretreatment, hormone soaking, substrate sterilization, and sand stratification combined with the use of the aforementioned ternary hormone compound solution, achieves full-process control of tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seed germination. Seed pretreatment, through disinfection, neutralization, pH adjustment, and ultrasonic destruction of the waxy layer, effectively improves seed water absorption and hormone absorption efficiency, solving the problem of low absorption efficiency in tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seeds. Hormone soaking allows the regulatory effect of the compound solution to be fully utilized, ensuring the synchronization of dormancy breaking and embryo differentiation. The germination substrate, a mixture of pine needles and river sand, after standardized sterilization at 121℃, possesses both air permeability and water retention, providing a suitable environment for seed germination. Creating a sterile and suitable microenvironment; the constant temperature and humidity sand stratification germination process further ensures the stability of the seed germination process. The entire process can increase the final germination rate of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds to over 85%, the germination uniformity to over 90%, and reduce the mold rate to 3% to 5%. It significantly shortens the germination cycle of traditional treatments, solves the problems of large differences in emergence time and extremely poor uniformity. At the same time, the standardized operating parameters are adapted to large-scale seedling production lines, lower the technical threshold for seedling cultivation, improve the effective utilization rate of tetraploid Polygonatum seed germination and the subsequent transplant survival rate, and provide stable and efficient technical support for the large-scale and standardized breeding and planting of tetraploid Polygonatum.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the mass percentage of potassium permanganate solution is 0.1%, and the constant temperature soaking time is 20 min; the mass percentage of sodium thiosulfate solution is 1%, and the constant temperature soaking time is 10 min; the mass percentage of sodium bicarbonate solution is 1%, and the constant temperature soaking time is 10 min.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the constant temperature soaking time is 24 hours.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the sterilization time is 24 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the volume ratio of pine needles to river sand in the germination substrate is 1:2.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the seedling status is checked every 5 days, and the stratification and germination time is 8 months. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Examples 1-3 are germination experiments of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds treated with different concentrations of ternary hormone complex solutions. Examples 1-3 used undamaged and disease-free tetraploid Polygonatum seeds as experimental materials. Gradual concentration treatments were performed using a ternary hormone complex solution composed of GA3, 6-BA, SA, and sterile water. The process combined seed pretreatment, hormone soaking, substrate sterilization, and sand stratification to verify the regulatory effect of different concentration combinations on the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. The operation procedures of all examples were the same, only the concentration of each component of the ternary hormone complex solution was adjusted.

[0019] Operating procedures: S1. Seed pretreatment: Tetraploid Polygonatum seeds were soaked in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution at a constant temperature of 25°C for 20 minutes, and then soaked in a 1% sodium thiosulfate solution and a 1% sodium bicarbonate solution for 10 minutes each. The epidermal wax layer was destroyed by ultrasonic high-frequency vibration. S2. Hormone soaking: Immerse the pretreated seeds in the ternary hormone compound solution of the corresponding embodiment at a constant temperature of 25°C in the dark for 24 hours. S3: Substrate sterilization Pine needles were chopped into 2cm pieces and mixed with river sand with a particle size of 0.4mm at a volume ratio of 1:2 to prepare a germination substrate. The substrate was then placed in a high-temperature resistant container and sterilized in an autoclave at 121℃ for 24 minutes, and allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. S4: Sand storage for germination After soaking the tetraploid Polygonatum seeds in hormones in step S2, place them evenly in the germination substrate in step S3 and carry out stratification germination at 18℃. This can be done in a greenhouse or constant temperature incubator to avoid extreme high / low temperatures that inhibit embryo development. Use a spray watering method to maintain the substrate moisture content at 60% and continue germination until the seedlings are 0.5-1.5cm long and have ≥3 roots. During this period, check and remove moldy or rotten seedlings every 5 days.

[0020] Example 1: The concentration of the ternary hormone compound solution is as follows: GA3 0.005%, 6-BA 0.0005%, SA 0.0005%, with the remainder being water.

[0021] Example 2: The concentration of the ternary hormone compound solution is as follows: GA3 0.02%, 6-BA 0.002%, SA 0.002%, and the remainder is water.

[0022] Example 3: The concentration of the ternary hormone compound solution is as follows: GA3 0.0125%, 6-BA 0.00125%, SA 0.00125%, with the remainder being water.

[0023] Comparative Examples 1-3 are germination experiments of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds treated with a binary hormone solution lacking a single component.

[0024] Comparative Examples 1-3 used the concentration of Example 3 as a baseline and adopted the single variable principle to remove the individual components GA3, 6-BA, and SA from the ternary hormone complex solution. The remaining operation procedures and culture conditions were completely consistent with Example 3 to verify the core role of each component in the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds.

[0025] Comparative Example 1: The concentrations of the treatment solution were: 0.00125% for 6-BA, 0.00125% for SA, 0% for GA3, and the remainder was water.

[0026] Comparative Example 2: The concentrations of the treatment solution were: GA3 0.0125%, SA 0.00125%, 6-BA 0%, and the remainder was water.

[0027] Comparative Example 3: The concentrations of the treatment solution were: GA3 0.0125%, 6-BA 0.00125%, SA 0%, and the remainder was water.

[0028] The experimental results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1: As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, Examples 1-3 validated the concentration gradient of the GA3, 6-BA, and SA ternary hormone compound solution. The concentrations of each component were set with lower limits, upper limits, and intermediate optimized values ​​in equal proportions to verify the stability and safety of the compound solution in regulating the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds at different concentrations. The results showed: Example 1 uses a composite solution consisting of the lower concentration limit of 0.005% GA3, 0.0005% 6-BA, 0.0005% SA, and water. GA3 softens the thick cuticle of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds and breaks deep physiological dormancy. Combined with 6-BA to activate endosperm differentiation and SA to enhance seed stress resistance, an 86% germination rate and 92% germination uniformity were achieved. Compared with Comparative Example 1, which lacks the core dormancy-breaking component GA3, the germination rate increased by 18% and the germination uniformity increased by 27%. This verifies that the low-concentration compound solution can still effectively break the deep dormancy of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds and has a stable germination regulation effect.

[0029] Example 2 uses the upper limit of concentration, a compound solution composed of 0.02% GA3, 0.002% 6-BA, 0.002% SA and water. The high concentration of GA3 can quickly break through the deep dormancy barrier of seeds, 6-BA can precisely antagonize the problem of excessive hypocotyl elongation that is easily caused by high concentration of GA3, and SA can enhance the stability of seed cell membranes and reduce the mold rate. Ultimately, an 85% germination rate and 90% germination uniformity are achieved. Compared with Comparative Example 2, which lacks the embryo differentiation regulating component 6-BA, the germination rate is increased by 14% and the germination uniformity is increased by 20%, which verifies that the high concentration compound solution can maintain a good germination regulation effect while avoiding hormone toxicity and ensuring the safety of use.

[0030] Example 3 uses an intermediate optimized concentration, a composite solution consisting of 0.0125% GA3, 0.00125% 6-BA, 0.00125% SA, and water, to precisely match the endogenous hormone requirements for the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. It can simultaneously achieve four core objectives: seed coat softening, dormancy breaking, embryo differentiation activation, and stress resistance enhancement. This optimizes the seed's α-amylase activity, endogenous hormone levels, and endosperm decomposition rate, breaking deep dormancy while ensuring synchronous differentiation of the radicle and plumule, achieving a maximum germination rate of 95% and a maximum germination uniformity of 95%. Compared to Comparative Example 3, which lacks the stress-resistant component SA, the germination rate is increased by 16% and the germination uniformity is increased by 23%. This is the optimal production concentration that balances germination effect and seedling cost, making it the preferred solution for large-scale seedling production of tetraploid Polygonatum.

[0031] Overall, the ternary hormone compound solution can effectively regulate the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds within the concentration ranges of 0.005%–0.02% GA3, 0.0005%–0.002% 6-BA, and 0.0005%–0.002% SA, with germination rates ≥85% and germination uniformity ≥90%. The concentration gradient coverage is comprehensive and suitable for different production scenarios such as tetraploid Polygonatum germplasm preservation and large-scale seedling cultivation.

[0032] Comparative Examples 1-3, based on the optimal concentration of Example 3, removed individual components GA3, 6-BA, and SA to verify the irreplaceability of each component in the compound system. The results showed that the absence of a single component led to a significant decrease in seed germination rate and germination uniformity. The core functions and defects of each component are as follows: Comparative Example 1: GA3 was removed, while the concentrations of the other two regulators remained identical to those in Example 3, with only the GA3 factor being altered. GA3 is a key substance for breaking the deep physiological dormancy of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. Due to the thick seed coat and deep dormancy of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, the endogenous GA3 synthesis level is much lower than that of diploid Polygonatum. Without exogenous GA3, more than 40% of the seeds cannot complete seed coat softening and endosperm activation, remaining in a dormant state with a germination rate of only 68%. Simultaneously, the seed germination process is highly inconsistent, with an interval of more than 25 days between early and late germination, resulting in a germination uniformity of only 65%, which cannot meet the requirements for uniform seedling emergence in large-scale seedling cultivation.

[0033] Comparative Example 2: 6-BA was removed, while the concentrations of the other two regulators remained identical to those in Example 3, with only the 6-BA factor being altered. 6-BA is responsible for regulating the synchronous differentiation of the radicle and plumule in tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. Tetraploid Polygonatum seeds exhibit stronger embryonic cell differentiation potential after chromosome doubling. Without 6-BA, the seeds can only complete hypocotyl elongation and cannot achieve synchronous development of the radicle and plumule. 30% of the seeds exhibited rootless, weak-rooted, and malformed seedlings after germination, losing seedling viability, with a germination rate of only 71%. Significant differences were observed in the seed germination and differentiation process, with a germination uniformity of only 70%. Uneven seedling growth led to a substantial decrease in subsequent seedling survival rates.

[0034] Comparative Example 3: SA component was removed, while the concentrations of the other two regulators remained identical to those in Example 3, with only the SA factor being altered. SA is a core substance for enhancing the stress resistance of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds and inhibiting mold growth during germination. After soaking, the thick seed coat of tetraploid seeds remains moist for a long time, making them highly susceptible to soil-borne pathogens. Without SA, the seeds' resistance to pathogens and oxidative damage significantly decreased, with 22% of the seeds exhibiting mold infection and rot, and 20% of the seeds experiencing germination interruption due to oxidative damage, resulting in a germination rate of only 74%. Affected by diseases and damage, the seed germination process was severely hindered, with a germination uniformity of only 72%, significantly increasing the risk of disease in large-scale seedling cultivation.

[0035] The ternary hormone compound solution of this application can comprehensively improve the germination effect of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds, with a final seed germination rate of 85%-95% and a germination uniformity of 90%-95%. Compared with the control group lacking a single component, the germination rate and germination uniformity are significantly improved. The core of this improvement lies in the precise regulation of seed dormancy release and germination process by the synergistic action of gibberellin, 6-benzyladenine, and salicylic acid, which enables concentrated seed breaking and synchronous germination, meeting the uniform seedling requirements for large-scale tetraploid Polygonatum seedling production. Among them, the optimal compound scheme of 0.0125% GA3, 0.00125% 6-BA, and 0.00125% SA in Example 3 can achieve a significant improvement in germination rate and germination uniformity compared with traditional treatment methods. This scheme balances seedling production effect and usage cost, is easy to prepare, and has strong stability, providing core technical support for the large-scale and standardized seedling production of high-quality tetraploid Polygonatum seeds. GA3, 6-BA and SA are irreplaceable in the compound system. The three play core roles in breaking dormancy, regulating embryo differentiation and resisting stress and inhibiting bacteria, respectively. The absence of any single component will lead to a significant decrease in seed germination effect and make it impossible to adapt to the germination characteristics of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the shown orientation or positional relationship, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ternary hormone complex solution for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seeds, characterized in that, By mass percentage, it consists of the following raw materials: gibberellin 0.005%–0.02%, 6-benzyladenine 0.0005%–0.002%, salicylic acid 0.0005%–0.002%, with the balance being water.

2. The ternary hormone complex solution for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound solution contained 0.0125% gibberellin, 0.00125% 6-benzyladenine, and 0.00125% salicylic acid.

3. A method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum sibiricum seeds, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Seed pretreatment Tetraploid Polygonatum seeds were placed in a 0.08%–0.12% potassium permanganate solution and soaked at a constant temperature of 20–25°C for 15–25 minutes. Then, they were soaked in a 0.8%–1.2% sodium thiosulfate solution for 8–12 minutes, followed by a 0.8%–1.2% sodium bicarbonate solution for 8–12 minutes. Finally, the seeds were subjected to ultrasonic high-frequency vibration treatment to destroy the waxy layer of the tetraploid Polygonatum seed coat. S2: Hormone Immersion The tetraploid Polygonatum seeds pretreated in step S1 are immersed in the ternary hormone complex solution as described in claim 1 or 2, and soaked at a constant temperature of 20-25°C for 20-28 hours. S3: Substrate sterilization Pine needles are chopped into 2-3 cm pieces and mixed with river sand with a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm at a volume ratio of 1:1.8-1:2.2 to prepare a germination substrate. The substrate is then placed in a high-temperature resistant container and sterilized in an autoclave at 121°C for 20-28 minutes, and allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. S4: Sand storage for germination After soaking the tetraploid Polygonatum seeds in hormones in step S2, place them evenly in the germination substrate in step S3. Perform stratification germination at 10-25℃. Maintain the substrate moisture content at 55%-65% by spraying water. Continue germination until the seedlings are 0.5-1.5cm long and have ≥3 roots. During this period, check and remove moldy or rotten seedlings every 4-6 days.

4. The method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the mass percentage of potassium permanganate solution is 0.1%, and the constant temperature soaking time is 20 min; the mass percentage of sodium thiosulfate solution is 1%, and the constant temperature soaking time is 10 min; the mass percentage of sodium bicarbonate solution is 1%, and the constant temperature soaking time is 10 min.

5. The method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the constant temperature soaking time is 24 hours.

6. The method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the sterilization time is 24 minutes.

7. The method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the volume ratio of pine needles to river sand in the germination substrate is 1:

2.

8. The method for promoting the germination of tetraploid Polygonatum seeds according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, In step S4, the seedling status is checked every 5 days, and the stratification and germination time is 8 months.

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