COMPOSITION FOR HUMAN OR VETERINARY USE.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kit comprising one or more dosing units having a human or veterinary nutritional or pharmaceutical composition, comprising a combination of (i) docosahexaenoic acid or a derivative thereof and (ii) salicylic acid or a derivative thereof, on the one hand, and on the other hand, a leaflet and / or packaging specifying the living being for which the dosing unit(s) are intended and the dosage, said dosage corresponding to an administration of a daily dose of salicylic acid or a derivative thereof less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg of body weight of said living being.

Description

Salieyl acid and its derivatives A composition according to the invention is suitable for administering a daily dose or quantity of salieyl acid or a derivative thereof ranging from 0.5 x 10⁻³ to 0.2 mg / kg body weight, preferably ranging from 0.5 x 10⁻⁴ to 0.1 mg / kg body weight. The amount of salieyl acid or one of its derivatives per daily dose varies depending on whether the formulation is for human or veterinary use. This amount also varies depending on the animal species for which the veterinary formulation is intended. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention is suitable for administering to a canid, in particular a dog, a daily dose of salieyl acid or a derivative thereof ranging from 2.5 x 10⁻² mg / kg to 0.2 mg / kg body weight, advantageously ranging from 4 x 10⁻² to 15 x 10⁻² mg / kg body weight, and preferably ranging from 5 x 10⁻² to 0.1 mg / kg body weight. According to another preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention is adapted for administering to a feline, in particular a cat, a daily dose of salieyl acid or a derivative thereof of less than or equal to 2 x 10⁻³ mg / kg body weight, preferably less than or equal to 10⁻³ mg / kg body weight. Advantageously, for a feline, the daily dose of salieyl acid or a derivative thereof is in the range of 0.5 x 10⁻³ to 10⁻³ mg / kg body weight, more preferably in the range of 10⁻³ to 5 x 10⁻⁴ mg / kg body weight, and preferably in the range of 0.5 x 10⁻⁴ to 3 x 10⁻⁴ mg / kg body weight. According to another preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention is adapted for administering to an equine, in particular a horse, a daily dose of salieyl acid or a derivative thereof of less than or equal to 10⁻¹ mg / kg body weight. Advantageously, for an equine, the daily dose of salieyl acid or a derivative thereof is in the range of 10⁻¹ mg / kg body weight, more preferably from 0.5 x 10⁻¹ to 5 x 10⁻¹ mg / kg body weight, and most preferably from 2 x 10⁻² to 5 x 10⁻² mg / kg body weight. Most preferably, the composition according to the invention is adapted to administering to an equine a daily dose of salicylic acid or a derivative thereof ranging from 2.5 x 10⁻² to 5 x 10⁻² mg / kg of body weight. According to another preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention is adapted for administering to a human a daily dose of salicylic acid or a derivative thereof of less than or equal to 10⁻¹ mg / kg body weight. Advantageously, for a human, the daily dose of salicylic acid or a derivative thereof is in the range of 10³ to 10⁻¹ mg / kg body weight, more preferably from 0.5 × 10⁻² to 5 × 10⁻² mg / kg body weight, and preferably from 10¹ to 4 × 10² mg / kg body weight. Most preferably, the composition according to the invention is adapted for administering to a human a daily dose of salicylic acid or a derivative thereof ranging from 1.25 × 10⁻² to 3.75 × 10⁻² mg / kg body weight. For the purposes of this invention, a "derivative" of salicylic acid means any compound having a structure and properties similar to salicylic acid, and whose structural differences from it do not affect the anti-inflammatory properties it shares with salicylic acid. A derivative of salicylic acid may be an esterified, acylated, or etherified salicylic acid, in which the carboxyl group is reduced to an aldehyde or alcohol group, or a physiologically acceptable salt of salicylic acid. A salt suitable for the invention may be selected from a hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, acetate, lactate, citrate, pantothenate, ascorbate, succinate, maleate, fumarate, gluconate, magnesium, potassium, sodium, or zinc salt, and diethanolamine salts. Esters suitable for the present invention include esters of methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and neopentyl; among the ethers, saccharides such as primeverose and glucopyranose; among the acyls, acetyl, propionyl and butyryl. In some embodiments, salicylic acid derivatives are selected from acetylsalicylic acid, methyl salicylate, salicylaldehyde, gaultherin and salicin. Salicylic acid or a derivative thereof according to the invention is of natural or synthetic origin. This characteristic offers great flexibility in the choice of salicylic acid or a derivative thereof. One of the derivatives of salicylic acid, better known as aspirin, is acetylsalicylic acid. This non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is marketed under the brand name Aspirin® by the company BAYER. In certain ways of production, salicylic acid or a derivative of celui-ci 5 is contained in a vegetable extrait, to prefer an extrait of all, or parts of a plant of a specific species parmi: Salix acutifolia, Salix aegyptiaca, Salix alaxensis, Salix alba (Saule blanc), Salix amplexicaulis, Salix amygdaloides (Saule à feuille de pêcher), Salix ansoniana, Salix apemina (Saule des Apennins / Salix apoda, Salix appendiculata, Salix arbuscula, Salix arctica, Salix argyracea, Salix arizonica, Salix armenorossica, Salix 10 atrocinerea, Salix aurita (Petit marsault), Salix babylanica (Saule pleureur), Salix balfouriana, Salix barclayi, Salix-bebbiana, Salix bicolor, Salix bikauensis, Salix bonplandiana, Salix brachycarpa, Salix breviserrata, Salix burjatica, Salix burqinensis, Salix cæsia, Salix calliantha, Salix calodendron, Salix candida, Salix cantabrica, Salix capensis, Salîx capitata, Salix caprea (Saule marsault), Salix capusii, Salix carmanica, 15 Salix caroliniana,Salix caspica, Salix cavaleriei, Salix chaenamelaides, Salix cinersa (ash willow), Salix cordata, Salix daphnoides (daphne willow), Salix discolor, Salix dnimmondiana, Salix elaeagnos, Salix eriacephala, Salix excelsa, Salix exigua, Salix fargesii, Salix floderusii, Salix fluviatilis, Salix foetida, Salix fragüis (fragile willow), Salix gilgiana, Salix glabra, Salix glaüca, Salix glaucosericea, Salix gooddingü, Salix gordejevii, Salix graciliglans, Salix gracilistyla, Salix hasiata, Salix hegetschweileri, Salix helvetica, Salix herbacea (herbaceous willow), Salix hookeriana, Salix humboldtiana (Chilean willow), Salix humilia, Salix hydematica, Salix integra, Salix irrorata, Salix japonica, Salix jessoensis, Salix koreensis, Salix kariyanagi, Salix laggeri, Salix lanata, Salix lapponum, Salix lasiolepis, Salix lemmonii, Salix lindleyana, Salix linearistipularis, Salix longiflora, 25 Salix longïstamina, Salix lucida, Salix lucluasa, Salix magnifica, Salix matsudana (Saule tortueux),Salix maximowiczii, Salix medwedewii, Salix melanopsis. Salîx microstachya, Salix mielichhoferi, Salix miyabeana, Salix moupinensis, Salix muscina, Salix myricaides, Salix myrsinifolia, Salix myrsinites, Salix myrtilloides, Salix neowilsonii, Salix nigra (Saule noir), Salix nivalis, Salix pantosericea, Salix paraplesia, Salix paitciflora, Salix , 30 pedicellata, Salix pellita, Salix pentandra, Salix petiolaris, Salix phlebophylla, Salix phylicifolia, Salix planifolia, Salix polaris, Salix psammaphila, Salix purpurea (Saule pourpre), Salix pyrenaica, Salix pyrifolia, Salix pyrolifolia, Salix réhderiana, Salix repens (Crapping willow), Salix reptans, Salix reticulata, Salix refusa (Retuse-leaved willow), Salix retusoides, Salix rorida, Salix rosmarinifolia, Salix sqjanensis, Salix salviifolia, Salix schwerinii, Salix scouleriana, Salix sericea, Salix senssima, Salix serpyllifolia, Salix silesiaca. Salix sitchensis, Salix siuzevii, Salix starkeana, Salix subopposita, Salix subserrata, Salix suchowensis, Salix sungkianica, Salix taxifolia, Salix tenuijulis, Salix tetrasperma, Salix triandra (Three-stamen willow), Salix turanica, Salix turfacea, Salix udensis, Salix uva-ursi, Salix variegata, Salix viminalis (Green willow), Salix vulpina, Salix waldsteiniana, Salix wallichiana, Salix wilhelmsiana, Salix wilsonii, Salix- yezoalpina, Filipendula angustiloba, Filipendula glaberrima, Filipendula kamtschatica, Filipendula kiraishiensis, Filipendula multijuga, Filipendula occidentalis, Filipendula palmata, Filipendula purpurea, Filipendula rubra, Filipendula ulmaria,Filipendula vestita, Filipendula vulgaris, Gaultheria adenothrix, Gaultheria antarctica, Gaultheria antipoda, Gaultheria caudata, Gaultheria codonantha, Gaultheria cumingiana, Gaultheria cuneata, Gaultheria depressa, Gaultheria eriophylla, Gaultheria forrestii, Gaultheria fragrantissima, Gaultheria hirtiflara, Gaultheria hispida, Gaultheria hispidula, Gaultheria hookeri, Gaultheria humifusa, Gaultheria itoana, Gaultheria lanceolata, Gaultheria macrostigma, Gaultheria miqueliana, Gaultheria myrsinoides, Gaultheria nummularioides, Gaultheria oppositifolia, Gaultheria ovatifolia, Gaultheria parvula, Gaultheria phillyreifolia, Gaultheria procumbens, Gaultheria pumila, Gaultheria pyroloides, Gaultheria renjifoana, Gaultheria rupestris, Gaultheria semi-infera, Gaultheria shallon, Gaultheria sinensis, Gaultheria stapfiana, Gaultheria tasmanica, Gaultheria tetramera, Gaultheria thymifolia, Gaultheria trichophylla, Gaultheria veitchiana, Gaultheria wardii, Gaultheria yunnanensis,Betula albasinensis, Betula alnoides, Betula apoiensis, Betula chinensis, Betula corylifalia, Betula costata (Bouleau de Manchourie), Betula cylindrostachya, Betula davurica, Betula divaricata, Betula ermanii, Betula farrestii, Betula fruticosa, Betula globispica, Betula gmeliniî, Betula grossa, Betula humilis, Betula insignis, Betula kirghisorum, Betula lanata, Betula litwinowii, Betula luminifera, Betula maximowicziana, Betula medwediewii, Betula nana, Betula ovalifolia, Betula pendula, Betula platyphylla (Bouleau de Manchourie), Betula potaninii, Betula procurva, Betula pubescens, Betula raddeana, Betula saposhnikovii, Betula schmidtii, Betula schugnanica, Betula tianschanica, Betula tristis, Betula turkestanica, Betula utilis, Betula szaferi, Betula alleghaniensis, Betula cordifolia, Betula glandulosa, Betula kenaica, , Betula lenta, Betula michauxii, Betula murrayana, Betula neoalaskana, Betula nigra, Betula occidentales, Betula papyrifera, Betula populifolia, Betula pumila, Betula uber, Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa, Glycyrrhiza aspera, Glycyrrhiza astragalina, Glycyrrhiza bucharica, Glycyrrhiza echinata, Glycyrrhiza eglandulosa, Glycyrrhiza foetida, Glycyrrhiza foetidissima, Glycyrrhiza glabre, Glycyrrhiza gontscharovii, Glycyrrhiza iconica, Glycyrrhiza inflata, Glycyrrhiza k&rshinskyi, Glycyrrhiza lepidota, Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora, Glycyrrhiza squamulosa, Glycyrrhiza triphylla, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and Glycyrrhiza yunnanensis. Plant parts include bark, stem, leaf, root and rhizome. In some embodiments, salicylic acid or a derivative thereof is contained in a plant extract consisting of a vegetable essential oil. For example, birch essential oil contains methyl salicylate. According to a preferred embodiment, salicylic acid or a derivative thereof according to the invention is contained in a plant extract, preferably an extract of all or part of a plant of the genus selected from 'ShZix, Filupendula, Gaultheria, Betula and Glycyrrhiza. Among the aforementioned species, meadowsweet, white willow, and wintergreen are particularly known for containing a significant amount of salicylates, especially in their leaves, essential oils, and bark. Even more preferably, the salicylic acid derivative is contained in a plant extract belonging to the species Salix alba (family Salicaceae) or to the species Filipendula ulmaria (family Rosaceae, also known as Meadowsweet, Spiraea or S^raea ulmaria), and advantageously in a plant extract belonging to the species Filipendula ulmaria. In certain embodiments, a useful dry plant extract according to the invention comprises between 0.05% and 1% by weight of acetylsalicylic acid, which includes between 0.1% and 0.5% by weight of acetylsalicylic acid and also includes between 0.15% and 0.3% by weight of acetylsalicylic acid, relative to the total weight of said extract. Among the useful dry plant extracts according to the invention, one can mention the dry extract of Meadowsweet marketed by Laboratoire COOPER under number 1621895, and Meadowsweet dry extract marketed by the company PLANTEX under reference PR284 / LAB 272. Doeosahexaenoic acid and its derivatives Docosahexaenoic acid (4Z,7Z,10Zs13Z,16Z,19Z docosahexaenoic acid, C22:6 ®-3, cervonic acid, or simply DBA) is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 family, just like eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5, EPA or timnodonic acid). DHA is an endogenous compound synthesized by the body from alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), but only in small quantities. In general, various DHA-enriched compositions are now commercially available and therefore easily accessible to those in the profession. DHA can be supplied to the body through the consumption of oily fish (tuna, salmon, herring, halibut, mackerel, anchovies, sardines, etc.) and is found in large quantities in certain oils such as those from lia, walnut, camelina, rapeseed, wheat germ, soy, hemp, straw, as well as clary sage. Other possible sources of DHA are oceanic algae (Iridneu, Pœyhyra, Gymnogcwgmsi, musciformis, Meristotheca senegalensîs, etc.) or non-oceanic algae such as spirulina Arthrospira and Schizochytrium. Compositions containing DHA include dried seaweed powder, DHA-enriched oil extracted from seaweed, or seaweed extract obtained using organic solvents such as ethanol. An extract of algae enriched in DHA and its preparation process are described, for example, in European patent application EP 2 337 857. Preferably, the DHA used in the present invention is derived from the fermentation of marine algae. The use of DHA obtained from fermented algae helps to preserve biodiversity and avoid intensive fishing. DHA is available in solid or liquid form. In some embodiments, a solid composition may be used, for example in the form of powder or flakes comprising DHA at a rate of about 1% to 50% by weight, for example 10% to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. In other embodiments, a liquid composition comprising DBA can be used at a rate of about 10% to 70% by weight, for example 20% to 60% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. One product that can be used is DBA Gold®, marketed by MARTEK. The amount of DHA in DBA Gold® varies depending on the living being to which it is administered. For example, for dogs and cats, 1 g of DBA Gold® contains 0.18 g of DHA, and for humans, 1 g of DBA Gold® in oil form contains 0.4 g of DHA. For the purposes of the invention, a "DHA derivative" means any compound having a structure similar to DHA, and possessing anti-inflammatory properties of the same order of magnitude as those of DHA. A DHA derivative may be esterified DHA or a physiologically acceptable salt of DHA. A suitable salt for the invention may be selected from a hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, acetate, lactate, citrate, pantothenate, ascorbate, succmate, maleate, fumarate, gluconate, magnesium, potassium, sodium, or zinc salt, and diethanolamine salts. DHA esters suitable for the present invention include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and neopentyl esters. We can use the DHA derivative CRBM-0244 described by Morin et al (Am. J. Respir. CeU. Biol. Mol., 2011; 45: 366-375). Alternatively, a derivative consisting of a DHA substituted in the alpha position by an -OH group can be used, as described in Japanese patent application JP 05-000974. A derivative of DHA can also be used as described in international application WO 2006 / 117664. DHA derivatives also include certain DHA esters, in particular nicotinic ester (pyridin-3~ylmethyl-cis»4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid) or panthenic ester ((2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propyl docosa 4,7,10,13,16,19-hexanoate), or any other DHA ester described in international application WO 2011 / 018480 or in international application WO 2004 / 091603. According to a preferred embodiment, a composition according to the invention comprises an amount of DHA or a derivative thereof representing a daily dose ranging from 0.5 to 15 mg / kg of body weight, advantageously ranging from 1 to 10 mg / kg of body weight and preferably ranging from 1.4 to 9 mg / kg of body weight. This characteristic allows the composition to have improved effectiveness while remaining non-toxic. Preferably, the invention is implemented using DHA. A DHA suitable for the invention can be obtained from MARTEK under the trade name DHA Gold®. Applications Another object of the invention is the use of a nutritional composition according to the invention for the prevention and / or treatment of symptoms related to an inflammatory condition, such as the prevention and / or treatment of pain related to inflammation, the maintenance and / or restoration of joint flexibility. Preferably, a nutritional composition according to the invention is used for the prevention and / or treatment of functional pain. This may include painful periods, colopathic pain, kidney pain, etc. Another object of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention for its use in preventing and / or treating inflammatory diseases. By "prevent" or "prevention", according to the invention, means reducing the risk of occurrence or slowing down the occurrence of a given phenomenon, such as, for example, according to one aspect of the present invention, symptoms related to an inflammatory condition and / or an inflammatory disease. For example, cats are animals that often suffer from tartar buildup, damaged teeth, or inflammation of the gums or throat. A cat with dental or mouth pain eats less, leading to behavioral changes such as isolation and aggression. These cats are also frequently affected by halitosis. Gingivitis, often caused by tartar buildup and / or damaged teeth, is frequently observed in cats. The gums, which should be pink, are red and swollen, and bleed very easily. Chronic gingivitis in cats is usually treated with frequent dental cleanings and possibly tooth extraction. The main symptoms of stomatitis are redness at the back of the cat's throat and intense pain. Treatment is difficult and often requires repeated sessions. Generally, treatment involves multiple dental cleanings, the administration of antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and sometimes even progestins and / or cortisone. Some cats develop resistance to such treatments and in a few extreme cases it is necessary to euthanize them. A composition according to the invention makes it possible to prevent and / or treat gingivitis and / or stomatitis, particularly in cats. Nutritional Comnosittom The prevention and / or treatment of symptoms related to an inflammatory condition, such as the prevention and / or treatment of pain related to inflammation, the maintenance and / or restoration of joint flexibility can be achieved through a regular intake of DHA or a derivative thereof and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof, preferably in the form of a nutritional composition. Similarly, a regular nutritional intake of DHA or a derivative thereof and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof is useful in preventing symptoms related to an inflammatory state that can occur during the life of individuals, humans or animals. The term "nutritional composition" according to the invention means a composition comprising a combination of DHA or a derivative thereof and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof, constituting a food composition or a food supplement that does not have the characteristics of a drug. A nutritional composition according to the invention is suitable for administration by oral or topical route. According to one aspect of the invention, a nutritional composition according to the invention is a dietary food used for maintaining good health in the human or animal that ingests it. Such a nutritional composition is also commonly referred to as a functional food, which is intended to be consumed either as an integral part of the diet or as a dietary supplement, but whose DHA or The presence of Fun, its derivatives, and salicylic acid or one of its derivatives implies a physiological role that goes beyond providing basic nutritional needs. The formulation of oral compositions according to the invention can be carried out by any conventional process known to man, and on the other hand, to produce oral solutions, dragees, capsules, gels, emulsions, tablets to be swallowed or chewed, capsules, in particular soft or hard capsules, granules to be dissolved, syrups, solid or liquid foods and hydrogels allowing controlled release. In particular, a composition according to the invention can be incorporated into all forms of food supplements or fortified foods, for example, food bars, or into compacted or uncompacted powders. The powders can be diluted in water, soda, dairy products or soy derivatives, or incorporated into food bars. An oral composition can be presented either in anhydrous form or in aqueous form. In the present invention, the term "anhydrous composition" means a composition containing less than 2% water by weight, or even less than 0.5%, and in particular, free of water. Where applicable, such small quantities of water may be introduced by ingredients of the composition that may contain residual amounts of water. When the composition according to the invention is aqueous, it comprises a quantity of water ranging from 2 to 40% by weight, preferably ranging from 8 to 15% by weight, and even more preferably 10.8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. In particular, a composition of the invention may be a food composition for human consumption, and may include, in particular, complete nutritional foods, beverages, including juices, mineral waters, soups, dietary supplements and substitute foods, nutritional bars, confectionery, desserts, fruit salads, fruit compotes, fermented or unfermented milk products, yogurts, cheeses, milk-based powders, enteral nutrition products, compositions for children and / or infants, fermented or unfermented cereal products such as cereal bars, and cooked products such as... bread, biscuits and cakes, ice cream, chocolate, coffee, "culinary" products such as mayonnaise, tomato puree, or salad dressings, etc. A nutritional composition according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises a combination of DMA or a derivative thereof and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof, as active compounds, can also be presented in the form of a wide variety of products intended for animal feed, in particular for dogs, cats or horses, whether in wet, semi-moist or dry form, especially in the form of kibble or pellets. In a preferred embodiment, the nutritional composition according to the invention adapted for administration to an animal is in the form of wet kibble or granules. In another preferred embodiment, the nutritional composition according to the invention, adapted for administration to an animal, is in the form of eo-extruded kibble. Indeed, co-extrusion allows the high-temperature-sensitive DHA to be incorporated into the central portion where the heat treatment is less intense. According to yet another aspect, the above nutritional composition may include other nutritional compounds, in combination with DHA or a derivative thereof and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof. The examples illustrate nutritional compositions in which the active ingredients are combined with one or more nutritional compounds or one or more excipients. Among the compounds that may be combined with the active ingredients DHA or a derivative thereof and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof, we can mention in particular poultry meal, glycerin, monopropylene glycol, glucose, rice starch, soy lecithin, potassium sorbate and sodium chloride. In some embodiments, a nutritional composition according to the invention may comprise 6 to 10% by weight of DHA and 3 to 7% by weight of meadowsweet extract, relative to the total weight of said composition. In other embodiments, a nutritional composition according to the invention may comprise 6 to 10% by weight of DHA and 0.01 to 0.02% by weight of meadowsweet extract, relative to the total weight of said composition. Thus, the nutritional composition according to the invention may also include a source of calcium, for example in the form of a physiologically acceptable organic or inorganic compound, such as inorganic calcium salts (calcium chloride, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate) or organic components containing calcium such as skimmed milk powder, calcium caseinate or organic calcium salts (calcium citrate, calcium maleate or mixtures thereof). A nutritional composition according to the invention may also include vitamins, such as vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin C, folic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niacin, biotin or pantothenic acid. A nutritional composition according to the invention may also include mineral elements and trace elements such as sodium in the form of sodium chloride, for example, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, selenium, chromium and molybdenum. It may also include soluble fibers such as agar-agar, alginate, locust bean gum, carrageenan, gum arabic, guar gum, karaya gum, pectin or xanthan gum, these soluble fibers being in hydrolyzed or non-hydrolyzed form. It may also include energy source compounds, including one or more carbohydrate sources selected from maltodextrins, starch such as rice starch and wheat starch, lactose, glucose, sucrose, fructose, xylitol and sorbitol. A composition of the invention may also be formulated with the usual excipients and components for such oral compositions or food supplements, namely in particular fatty and / or aqueous components, humectants, thickening agents, preservatives, texturizing agents, flavoring agents and / or coating agents, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, or other food additives. Formulation agents and excipients for oral composition, and in particular for food supplements, are known in the field. Emulsifying agents include lecithins and mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids. Preferably, the emulsifying agent is a lecithin, and even more preferably soy lecithin. A quantity of soy lecithin between 2% and 10% by weight, preferably between 4.5% and 6.5% by weight, and even more preferably 5.8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, is desirable. Examples of humectants include propylene glycol (or monopropylene glycol), glycerol, sorbitol, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the humectant consists of a mixture of glycerol and monopropylene glycol present in a total quantity ranging from 1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 15% to 25% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. In addition, a nutritional composition according to the invention may also include natural or artificial flavorings, for example fruit flavorings such as banana, orange, peach, pineapple or raspberry, or other plant flavorings such as vanilla, cocoa, coffee, etc. Preservatives may preferably consist of BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and / or propyl gallate and / or citric acid and / or lactic acid and / or propenoic acid and / or sorbic acid and / or phosphoric acid. A total preservative content of 0.01% to 5% by weight, preferably equal to 0.78% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, is preferred. Preservatives are preferred to be Termox™, sorbate, or a mixture thereof. A content of Tennox™ of 0.01% to 2% by weight, preferably equal to 0.08% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, is desirable. An amount of sorbate, preferably potassium sorbate, of between 0.01% and 3% by weight, preferably equal to 0.7% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, is desirable. For consumption by an animal, specifically a non-human mammal, including a dog, cat or horse, a nutritional composition according to the invention may include a palatability enhancer, preferably specific to the type of animal for which the composition is intended. The term "palatability enhancer" refers to a flavor enhancer commonly used in the pet food industry, that is, a A composition which, when added to a food, significantly increases the consumption of that food. Among the palatability enhancers commonly used, we can notably mention poultry liver hydrolysates such as those sold by the company SPF~ Diana, under the numbers VL1009, VP2003 and MP9007 obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of poultry livers with or without poultry co-product, pasteurization and possible stabilization with phosphoric acid, potassium sorbate and possible addition of maltodextrin if it is desired to dry the products. Other manufacturers of palatability enhancers exist, for example Bioproduct or AFB. In general, palatability enhancers are products of enzymatic poultry digestion, sometimes supplemented with yeast extracts. Generally, palatability enhancers are applied to dry or semi-dry foods such as, for example, extruded kibble. The palatability enhancer can be applied, for example, by spraying or sprinkling onto the food after extrusion and drying. The palatability enhancer is preferably chosen from Superpremium type products, preferably based on pork liver, preferably even more so the 8P® enhancers for dogs and 9P® or 9M® for cats marketed by SDF Diana, in a quantity of between 1% and 15% by weight, preferably between 3% and 7% by weight, and even more preferably between 4% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. For horses, palatability enhancers are preferably chosen from natural and artificial flavors that match the animal's taste. Preferably, flavors for horses are chosen from apple, banana, and vanilla in a quantity of between 1% and 15% by weight, preferably between 3% and 7% by weight, and even more preferably between 4% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. For consumption by an animal, the nutritional composition according to the invention may further comprise proteins of animal origin, preferably chosen from the group formed by poultry, beef, pork, fish and mixtures thereof, preferably in an amount greater than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably from 25% to 90% by weight, and even more preferably from 30% to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The nutritional composition according to the invention may also include protein source compounds, including whey or gluten from wheat flour or other cereals. In order to mask the potential unpleasant taste of certain active ingredients, a composition administered orally according to the invention and intended for animals may be coated with a carrier or baiting product such as those described in documents WO 2007 / 090987 and WO 2008 / 129191, When administered topically, the human or veterinary nutritional composition according to the invention may include commonly used excipients such as celluloses and their derivatives, gums, gelling agents, thickening agents, emulsifying agents, consistency agents, solvents, and surfactants. This is to obtain a finished product in solution, suspension, gel, emulsion or microemulsion, or paste form. It is also possible to prepare a finished or semi-finished product in vectors such as liposomes, glycospheres, macro-, micro-, and nanoparticles, and macro-, micro-, and nanocapsules. It can also be absorbed onto powdered organic polymers, talc, bentonite, and other mineral supports. Compositions ^harmageutipues The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of DHA, or a derivative thereof suitable for the invention, and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof. Another object of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention for use in the prevention and / or treatment of inflammatory diseases selected from among muscular rheumatism, gout, polyarthritis, osteoarthritis, epicondylitis, arthritis, juvenile arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chronic periodontitis, inflammation of the oral cavity, gingivitis, asthma, encephalitis, allergic disorders, septic shock, fibrosis, undifferentiated spondylitis, undifferentiated arthropathy, psoriasis, inflammatory osteolysis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, acute inflammation of muscular, tendinous, articular or bone origin, tendinitis, tennis elbow, tired and sore muscles, cramps, nephritis, contact allergy, and food allergy, atopic dermatitis, inflammatory otitis,painful periods, colitis, pain, kidney problems, minor liver failure, sequelae of hepatitis, coronary artery disease, inflammatory eczema and acne. H refers to a human or veterinary pharmaceutical composition, in particular for cats, dogs or horses. 5 DHA, or a derivative thereof suitable for the invention, and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof suitable for the invention, may advantageously be formulated in a composition that can be presented in any pharmaceutical form normally available for the chosen method of administration. A composition according to the invention comprises a physiologically acceptable medium. Advantageously, a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is presented in a form for oral or topical administration. A pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises a combination of DHA, or a derivative thereof, and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof in association with at least one excipient selected from the group of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Techniques for preparing pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention can be readily found by those skilled in the art, for example in Remingston's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mid. Publishing Co, Easton, PA, USA, 20 Physiologically acceptable adjuvants, vehicles and excipients are also described in the book entitled "Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sixth Edition, American Pharmaceutical Association, 2009". To formulate a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention, a person skilled in the art may advantageously refer to the latest edition of the European Pharmacopoeia 25 or the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP). The person in the trade may particularly benefit from referring to the seventh edition 2011 of the European Pharmacopoeia, or to the 2011 edition USP 34-NF 29 of the American Pharmacopeia (US Pharmacopeia). When the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises at least 30 a pharmaceutical or physiologically acceptable excipient, in particular an excipient suitable for oral administration of the composition or an excipient suitable for topical administration of the composition. A pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is indifferently in solid or liquid form. For oral administration, a solid pharmaceutical composition is preferred, in the form of tablets, capsules or softgels. In liquid form, a pharmaceutical composition in the form of an aqueous suspension or a non-aqueous suspension, or even in the form of a water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsion, is preferred. Solid pharmaceutical dosage forms may include, as vehicles, adjuvants or excipients, at least one diluent, flavoring, solubilizing agent, lubricating agent, suspending agent, binding agent, disintegrating agent and encapsulating agent. Examples of such compounds include magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, talc, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, cellulosic materials, cocoa butter, etc. Liquid compositions may also include water, possibly mixed with propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol, and possibly also colouring agents, flavourings, stabilizers and thickening agents. Preferably, a pharmaceutical grade product such as DHA or a derivative thereof marketed by MARTEK under the trade name DHA Gold®, which contains 40% DHA when intended for human use, will be used as a source of DHA or a derivative thereof. According to another preferred embodiment, a composition of the invention can be administered topically. For topical administration, a composition according to the invention can advantageously be formulated in any dosage form suitable for the care of the skin and mucous membranes and can be in the form of ointments, creams, milks, salves, powders, soaked swabs, solutions, gels, sprays, lotions, or suspensions. It can also be in the form of microspheres or nanospheres, lipid or polymeric vesicles, polymeric patches, and hydrogels allowing controlled release. A topical composition can be in either anhydrous or aqueous form. A composition intended for topical administration may be an aqueous, hydro-aleolic or oily solution, a solution or dispersion of the lotion or serum type, a liquid or semi-liquid emulsion of the milk type, obtained by dispersing a fat phase in an aqueous phase (O / W) or vice versa (W / O), a suspension or emulsion, of soft, semi-solid or solid consistency, of the cream type or of the aqueous or anhydrous gel type, a multiple emulsion (EZHÆ or H7EZH), a microemulsion, a nanoemulsion, a microcapsule preparation, a microparticle preparation, or a vesicular dispersion of the ionic and / or non-ionic type, or a wax / aqueous phase dispersion. According to a preferred embodiment, a topical composition may be in the form of a solution, cream, gel, emulsion, foam or aerosol composition containing a propellant. According to a preferred embodiment, a topical composition may also be in the form of a transdermal system allowing active or passive release of the active ingredient(s) by transdermal means, for example of the patch or gel patch (hydrogel) type. These compositions are prepared according to the usual methods. It can also be presented as a treatment shampoo or not, coloring shampoo or not, or as a conditioner. A composition administered topically may include a cleansing, protective, treatment or care cream, a lotion, a gel or a foam for skin care, such as a cleansing or disinfecting lotion, a bath composition or a deodorant composition. A composition according to the invention may also consist of a solid preparation constituting a soap or a cleaning bar. As is well known, topical dosage forms may also contain adjuvants commonly used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and / or dermatological fields, such as hydrophilic or lipophilic gelling agents, hydrophilic or lipophilic active ingredients, preservatives, antioxidants, solvents, fragrances, fillers, filters, odor absorbers, and colorants. The quantities of these various adjuvants are those typically used in the field. considered, and for example from 0.01 to 20% of the total weight of the composition. These adjuvants, depending on their nature, can be introduced into the oil phase and / or the aqueous phase. Examples of usable fats in the invention include mineral oils such as hydrogenated polyisobutene and petrolatum; vegetable oils such as a liquid fraction of shea butter, sunflower oil, and apricot kernel oil; animal oils such as perhydrosqualene; synthetic oils, notably Purellin oil, isopropyl myristate, and ethylhexyl palmitate; unsaturated fatty acids; and fluorinated oils such as perfluoropolyethers. Fatty alcohols, fatty acids such as stearic acid, and waxes such as paraffin, camauba, and beeswax may also be used. Silicone compounds such as silicone oils, cyclomethicone, and dimethicone, as well as silicone waxes, resins, and gums, may also be used. Examples of emulsifiers that can be used in the invention include glycerol stearate, polysorbate 60, cetostearyl alcohol / oxyethylenated cetostearyl alcohol mixture with 33 moles of ethylene oxide sold under the name SINNOWAX AO® by HENKEL, PEG-6ZPEG~32 / Glycol Stearate mixture sold under the name TEFOSE® 63 by GATTEFOSSE, PPG-3 myristyl ether, silicone emulsifiers such as cetyldimethicone copolyol and sorbitan mono- or tristearate, PEG-40 stearate, or oxyethylenated sorbitan monostearate (20OE). Examples of solvents that can be used in the invention include lower alcohols, in particular ethanol, risopropanol, or propylene glycol. A composition of the invention may also advantageously contain thermal and / or mineral water, in particular chosen from VITTEL water, the waters of the VICHY basin and LA ROCHE POSAY water. Related to hydrophilic gelling agents, examples include carboxylic polymers such as carbomer, acrylic copolymers such as alkylate / alkylacry copolymers, polyacrylamides, and in particular the mixture of polyacrylamide, Cb-m Isopaiuffins, and Laureth-7 sold under the name SEPIGEL 305® by the company SEPPIC, and polysaccharides such as cellulosic derivatives like hydroxyalkylcelluloses, and in particular hydroxypropylcellulose. hydroxyethylcellulose, natural gums such as guar, carob or xauthane, or clays. Examples of lipophilic gelling agents include modified clays such as bentones, metallic salts of fatty acids such as aluminum stearates and hydrophobic silica, as well as ethylcellulose and polyethylene. According to a preferred embodiment, a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises between 6% and 10% by weight of docosahexaenoic acid and between 0.01% and 0.02% by weight of a meadowsweet extract, relative to the total weight of the composition. According to a further preferred embodiment, a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises 8% by weight of docosahexaenoic acid and 0.0125% by weight of meadowsweet extract, relative to the total weight of the composition. According to another preferred embodiment, a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises between 6% and 10% by weight of docosahexaenoic acid and between 3% and 7% by weight of a meadowsweet extract, relative to the total weight of the composition. According to another even more preferred embodiment, a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises 8% by weight of docosahexaenoic acid and 5% by weight of a meadowsweet extract, relative to the total weight of the composition. Another object of the invention is a composition according to the invention for its use as a medicinal product. Another object of the invention is the use of a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a medicinal product. Another object of the invention is the use of a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a medicinal product for the prevention and / or treatment of inflammatory diseases selected from among muscular rheumatism, gout, polyarthritis, osteoarthritis, epicondylitis, arthritis, juvenile arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chronic periodontitis, inflammation of the oral cavity, gingivitis, asthma, encephalitis, allergic disorders, septic shock, fibrosis, undifferentiated spondylitis, undifferentiated arthropathia, psoriasis, inflammatory osteolysis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, acute inflammation of muscular, tendinous, articular or bone origin, tendinitis, tennis elbow, tired and sore muscles, cramps, nephritis, contact allergy, food allergy, atopy, inflammatory otitis, painful periods, colopathic pain, kidney pain, minor liver failure, sequelae of hepatitis, coronary artery disease, inflammatory eczema and acne. Of course, the person in charge of Part will take care to choose the possible adjuvant(s) added to the composition according to the invention in such a way that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the composition according to the invention are not, or substantially not, altered by the envisaged addition. The expressions "between ... and ...", "ranging from ... to ..." and "varying from ... to ..." are equivalent and are meant to mean that the limits are included, unless otherwise stated. Unless otherwise indicated, the expression "containing / comprising one" should be understood as "containing / comprising at least one". The following examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not exhaustive of the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, the values ​​in the examples below are expressed as % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. EXAMPLES Example 1: Cat food composition Component % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition Poultry meal marketed by SOLEVAL 38.6375 Glycerin marketed by QUARON 11.5 Water 10.8 DHA marketed under the name DHA Gold® by MARTEK 8 Monopropylene glycol marketed by QUARON 7.67 Glucose marketed by QUARON 5.9 Rice starch marketed under the name Rémyline AXFGP® by REMY 5.8 Soy lecithin marketed by ALMIMET 5.8 Meadowsweet dry extract marketed under number 1621895 by Laboratoire COOPPER 0.0125 Palatability enhancer marketed under the name C'SENS 9P® by SPF Diana 4.5 Potassium sorbate marketed by QUARON 0.7 Sodium chloride marketed by QUARON 0.6 A mixture of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) marketed under the name Tennox® by KEMIN' 0.08 Operating procedure To prepare 100g of a composition according to the invention, initially the products in dry and / or powdered form are mixed, namely 38.6375 g of poultry meal, 0.0125 g of dry extract of Meadowsweet, 8 g of DHA, 5.8 g of rice starch, 5.9 g of glucose, 0.7 g of potassium sorbate, 0.6 g of sodium chloride, and 4.5 g of palatability enhancer. In a second step, the components in liquid form, namely 10.8 g of water, 11.5 g of glycerin, 5.8 g of soy lecithin, 7.67 g of monopropylene glycol and 0.08 g of the BHA and BHT mixture, are added to the dry product mixture obtained previously. The mixture is stirred to obtain a homogeneous paste. The paste is then extracted and cut into soft balls of 2 g. The resulting 2g soft pellet, intended for daily administration to a cat weighing 3.5 kg to 4 kg, contains 28.8 mg of DHA and 6.25 x 10⁻⁴ mg of salicylic acid. This equates to administering a daily dose of 1.78 x 10⁻⁴ mg / kg of body weight of salicylic acid and 8.23 ​​mg / kg of body weight of DHA to the cat. Example 2: Dog food composition Components % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition: Poultry meal marketed by SOLEVAL 33.650, Glycerin marketed by QUARON 11.5, Water 10.8, DHA marketed under the name 8 DBA Goid® by MARTEK Monopropylene glycol marketed by QUARON 7.67 Glucose marketed by QUARON 5.9 Rice starch marketed under the name Rémyline AXFGP® by REMY 5.8 Soy lecithin marketed by ALMIMET 5.8 Meadowsweet dry extract marketed under reference PR284 / LAB 272 by PLANTEX 5 Palatability enhancer marketed under the name C'SENS 9P® by SPF Diana 4.5 Potassium sorbate marketed by QUARON 0.7 Sodium chloride marketed by QUARON 0.6 Mixture of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) marketed under the name Termox® by KEMIN 0.08 Operating procedure To prepare 100g of a composition according to the invention, the products in dry and / or powdered form are first mixed, namely 33.650 g of poultry meal, 5 g of dry extract of Meadowsweet, 8 g of DBA, 5.8 g of rice starch, 5.9 g of glucose, 0.7 g of potassium sorbate, 0.6 g of sodium chloride, and 4.5 g of palatability enhancer. In a second step, the components in liquid form, namely 10.8 g of water, 11.5 g of glycerin, 5.8 g of soy lecithin, 7.67 g of monopropylene glycol and 0.08 g of the BHA and BHT mixture, are added to the dry product mixture obtained previously. The mixture is stirred to obtain a homogeneous paste. The paste is then extracted and cut into soft balls of 5 g. The resulting 5g soft pellet, intended for daily administration to an 8kg dog, contains 72mg of DHA and 62.5 x 10⁻² mg of salicylic acid. This equates to administering a daily dose of 7.8 x 10⁻² mg / kg body weight of salicylic acid and 9 mg / kg body weight of DHA to the dog. Example 3: Effect of the combination of DHA and Reine des Grizzles in cats suffering from Emgmwtomalitis with severe palatoglossitis Two cats (the first cat, weighing 4kg, is an eight-year-old male Siamese mix and the second cat, weighing 3.8kg, is an eight-year-old female European type) have red, swollen, and bleeding gums and the back of their throats. A two-gram pellet prepared according to example 1 is administered orally daily to each of the two cats suffering from chronic gingivitis, also known as gingivostomatitis with severe palatoglossitis, for a period of 40 consecutive days. A score from 0 to 5 is given the day before treatment, then after ten, twenty, and forty days of treatment to describe the intensity of inflammation, with 5 representing the maximum observed inflammation and 0 indicating the absence of inflammation. T0 represents the day before the first day of treatment. Assessments are also provided regarding the resumption of eating and ease of chewing. The following table summarizes the results obtained. T0 T0 +10 days T0 + 20 days T0 + 40 days Inflammation intensity 5 4 2 0 Resumption of eating No Yes, Gradual Yes, almost normal Yes, normal Ease of chewing: none, low, average, normal After forty days of treatment, the redness and swelling have completely disappeared in 50% of cats. The cured cat eats and chews normally. Therefore, a composition according to the invention makes it possible to treat gingivitis / stomatitis in cats. 5 Thus, it is demonstrated that the combination of DHA and salicylic acid in very Low doses are effective. Example 4: Effect of combining DHA and meadowsweet in dogs suffering from locomotor problems related to osteoarthritis Six dogs (see details for sex, breed, age, and weight in Table 10 below) exhibit locomotor disorders related to osteoarthritis, specifically cold lameness, meaning they limp when they stand up and the lameness improves with warming of the joint. The osteoarthritis they suffer from is a consequence of inflammation of the joint. A score from 0 to 5 is given the day before treatment, then after ten, twenty, fifteen, and forty days of treatment to describe the intensity of suffering, with 5 representing the maximum observed suffering and 0 indicating the absence of suffering. T0 represents the day before the first day of treatment. The results are grouped in the following table. Dog's First Name Sex Breed Age (salted) Weight in kg Pathology Degree of suffering at TO A TO+10d A TO+20d ATO+40d At cessation of intake Jeff Male Caim 15 9 Previous cruciate ligament rupture 3 2 i 1 3 Trevor Male CKC 6 6.5 Lux patella with osteoarthritis and lameness 3 3 2 3 3 Plume Female Bichon 11 8.5 Lower back pain osteoarthritis (X-ray) 3 to 2 I 1 to 0 làO 3 to 2 Tahoma Female Spaniel mix 8 18 Osteoarthritis difficulty getting up 3-2 ï ï ï 3-2 Max Male Labrador 12 41 Exabrosis 2 1 1 1 2 Razzia Golden 10 39 Gonarthrosis Coxarthrosg 3 3-2 AreÊî of the trial Switching to classic anti-inflammatories A 5-gram pellet prepared according to example 2 is administered orally daily to the six dogs suffering from inflammatory disorders of the musculoskeletal system for a period of forty consecutive days. A score from 0 to 5 is given the day before treatment, then after ten, twenty, and forty days of treatment to describe the severity of the lameness. 5 represents the maximum observed lameness and 0 indicates the absence of lameness. T0 represents the day before the first day of treatment. The following table summarizes the results recorded for the cured dogs. T0 T0 + 10 days T0 + 20 days T0 + 40 days Lameness intensity 5 3 2 0 After forty days of treatment, 83% of the dogs no longer showed lameness and no longer smiled from arthritis. Therefore, a composition according to the invention makes it possible to treat osteoarthritis in dogs. Especially since, upon discontinuation of the aforementioned composition, suffering and lameness reappear. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the combination of DHA and salicylic acid in very low doses is effective. It is observed that the quantities of salicylic acid ingested daily by dogs are significantly lower than the usually effective amounts, namely about 10 mg / kg of body weight.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. Veterinary pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of (i) docosahexaenoic acid or a derivative thereof and (ii) salicylic acid or a derivative thereof, wherein the salicylic acid or a derivative thereof is contained in an extract of a plant of the genus selected from Salix, Filupendula, Gaultheria, Betula and Glycyrrhiza, for use in cats, dogs or horses, said composition being suitable for oral or topical administration.

2. Composition for use according to claim 1, characterized in that said combination of (i) and (ii) is in the form of a mixture of (i) and (ii) within the same container.

3. Composition for use according to claim 1, characterized in that said combination of (i) and (ii) is in a form in which (i) and (ii) are separated, within distinct containers.

4. Composition for use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said salicylic acid derivative is selected from acetylsalicylic acid, methyl salicylate, salicylaldehyde, gaultherin and salicin.

5. Composition for use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said salicylic acid derivative is contained in a plant extract belonging to the species Salix alba.

6. Composition for use according to any of the preceding claims for the prophylactic or curative treatment of inflammatory disorders.

7. Composition for use according to claim 6 for the prophylactic or curative treatment of gingivitis and / or stomatitis in cats.