A smoke production toxicity test device
By using live mice to assess smoke toxicity in a smoke toxicity experimental device, and combining a disc and manifold structure, the problem of slow response and low accuracy of existing devices is solved, enabling direct and accurate assessment and environmentally friendly treatment of smoke toxicity, which is suitable for immediate assessment at fire scenes.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SICHUAN FIRE RES INST OF MEM
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing smoke toxicity measurement devices are slow to respond, cannot monitor in real time, and are difficult to simulate the physiological response of the human body to smoke in a real fire environment. Furthermore, the accuracy of the experiment is limited by errors in the sample preparation and analysis process, making them unsuitable for immediate assessment at forest and outdoor fire sites.
A smoke toxicity experimental device was designed to directly assess the toxicity of smoke by placing live mice in cages and observing their reactions. Live mice were used as bioindicators to simulate the potential harm of smoke to humans. The device combined a rotatable disk and a manifold structure to ensure the consistency of smoke composition and the accuracy of experimental data. A filter and flow meter were also provided for environmentally friendly treatment.
It enables direct and effective assessment of flue gas toxicity, improves the accuracy and environmental friendliness of experiments, provides a basis for fire prevention and response, and is suitable for immediate assessment at fire scenes.
Smart Images
Figure CN224331077U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of combustion product testing, and in particular to a smoke toxicity testing device. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of fire experiments, measuring the toxicity of combustion products is a crucial task because it is directly related to human safety.
[0003] Conventional flue gas toxicity testing devices typically employ traditional methods, such as chemical analysis and chromatography, to determine the toxic components in flue gas. Their advantages lie in mature technology, familiarity with the operating procedures, and the ability to quantitatively analyze the specific content of toxic substances. However, they also have significant drawbacks. These devices often react slowly, cannot provide real-time monitoring, and require specific experimental environments, making them unsuitable for immediate assessment at forest fire sites or indoor / outdoor fire scenes. Furthermore, the measurement accuracy of conventional devices may be limited by errors in sample preparation and analysis, and they are difficult to simulate the physiological responses of the human body to flue gas under real fire conditions. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a direct and effective experimental apparatus for assessing the toxicity of flue gas.
[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a smoke-producing toxicity testing device, comprising a base on which multiple independent rat cages are fixed, each rat cage having a gas inlet and a gas outlet.
[0006] The smoke toxicity experimental apparatus of this application directly assesses smoke toxicity by placing live mice in a cage, introducing smoke into the cage, and observing the mice's reactions. In this technical solution, using live mice as a biological indicator for assessing smoke toxicity simulates the potential hazards to humans in real fire scenarios, intuitively reflecting the impact of smoke on organisms, and more effectively assessing smoke toxicity. This provides researchers with a direct method for evaluating smoke toxicity, offering a basis for improving fire prevention and response measures.
[0007] In some embodiments, the base includes a rotatable disc, the rat cages are arranged in a ring around the disc, and the animal loading entrance of the rat cages is located at the edge of the disc and faces outward from the disc.
[0008] In the above technical solution, for a laboratory with a limited space, the experimenter only needs to put live mice into each cage one by one by rotating the disc within the same space, without having to move the position.
[0009] In some embodiments, the base has a manifold at its center, and a flow divider is provided inside the manifold; the gas inlet of each cage is connected to the interface of the flow divider; a gas manifold inlet is provided on the top of the manifold housing, and the flow divider is connected to the gas manifold inlet.
[0010] The above technical solution ensures that the composition of the experimental flue gas entering each rat cage remains consistent, thus improving the accuracy of the experiment.
[0011] In some embodiments, the side of the manifold housing has a connection port corresponding to the rat cage, and the flue gas pipe connected to the gas inlet passes through the connection port and is connected to the interface of the diverter.
[0012] The above technical solution prevents the interconnected flue gas pipes from becoming entangled.
[0013] In some embodiments, the base has a central manifold cavity, and the manifold cavity contains a manifold; the gas outlet of each cage is connected to the interface of the manifold; the outer shell of the manifold cavity has a gas manifold outlet; the manifold is connected to the gas manifold outlet.
[0014] The above technical solution facilitates the recovery and treatment of flue gas, thus improving the environmental friendliness of the experiment.
[0015] In some embodiments, the flue gas exhaust channel connected to the gas outlet is equipped with a filter.
[0016] In the above technical solution, the filter removes harmful particulate matter from the flue gas discharged after the experiment, thus improving the environmental friendliness of the experiment.
[0017] In some embodiments, the flue gas exhaust channel connected to the gas outlet is connected to a sampling pump after passing through the filter.
[0018] The above technical solution ensures that the smoke collected from the fire scene (or experimental flue) can flow smoothly.
[0019] In some embodiments, the flue gas discharge channel connected to the gas outlet is connected to a flow meter after passing through the filter.
[0020] The above technical solution can accurately measure and record flue gas flow, providing an important basis for experimental data analysis and subsequent research.
[0021] In some embodiments, the base is provided with a number of fixing frames that are fixed to both ends of each cage; the gas inlet and gas outlet of each cage are located between two corresponding fixing frames; the animal loading inlet of the cage is detachably connected to a cage cover, which is located on the outside of the corresponding fixing frame.
[0022] The above technical solution improves the stability of the rat cage during the experiment.
[0023] In some embodiments, there are eight rat cages.
[0024] The above technical solutions represent the optimal quantity after considering the current experimental conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the smoke toxicity testing device of this application;
[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;
[0027] Wherein: 10. Base; 11. Disc; 12. Fixing frame;
[0028] 20. Rat cage; 21. Gas inlet; 22. Gas outlet; 23. Rat cage lid;
[0029] 30. Manifold; 31. Gas manifold inlet; 32. Gas manifold outlet; 33. Diverter; 34. Manifold; 35. Connection port. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] To address the current lack of a direct and effective experimental device for assessing smoke toxicity in fire testing, this application provides a smoke toxicity testing device, such as... Figure 1-2 As shown.
[0032] The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus of this application includes a base 10. Multiple independent rat cages 20 are fixed on the base 10. Each rat cage 20 has a gas inlet 21 and a gas outlet 22.
[0033] The smoke toxicity experimental apparatus of this application assesses smoke toxicity directly by placing live mice in cages, introducing smoke into the cages, and observing the mice's reactions. Using live mice as a bioindicator for assessing smoke toxicity simulates the potential harm to humans in real fire scenarios, intuitively reflecting the impact of smoke on organisms and more effectively evaluating smoke toxicity. This provides researchers with a direct method for assessing smoke toxicity, offering a basis for improving fire prevention and response measures.
[0034] The parallel design of multiple independent mouse cages (20 in total) allows for simultaneous testing of multiple samples while effectively preventing cross-contamination between samples, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of experimental data.
[0035] In addition, each cage 20 is equipped with a gas inlet 21 and a gas outlet 22, further ensuring the independence of each cage 20 and preventing the flue gas in each cage 20 from affecting each other. This allows for the input of different experimental flue gases into each cage 20 for comparison, and also prevents cross-influence of flue gas due to individual differences among mice when the same experimental flue gas is input into each cage 20. On the other hand, the independent gas outlet 22 ensures that the flue gas in each cage 20 is discharged simultaneously in the shortest possible time.
[0036] In some embodiments, the base 10 includes a rotatable disc 11. A rat cage 20 is arranged in a ring around the disc 11, and the animal loading entrance of the rat cage 20 is located at the edge of the disc 11 and faces outward from the disc 11.
[0037] The animal loading entrance of the mouse cage 20 is located on the edge of the disc 11 and faces the outside of the disc 11, making it convenient for the experimenter to load live mice into the mouse cage 20 through the animal loading entrance.
[0038] In particular, the rotatable design of the disc 11 allows the ring-shaped cages 20 fixed to the disc 11 to rotate with it. In a laboratory with limited space, the experimenter only needs to place live mice into each cage 20 one by one within the same space by rotating the disc 11, without having to move the mice.
[0039] On the other hand, the circular distribution of the rat cages 20 on the disk 11 also facilitates the input of experimental flue gas into each rat cage 20, making the overall structure of the smoke-producing toxicity experimental device more compact.
[0040] In some embodiments, a manifold 30 is provided at the center of the base 10. A flow divider 34 is provided inside the manifold 30. The gas inlet 21 of each cage 20 is connected to the interface of the flow divider 33. A gas manifold inlet 31 is provided on the top of the outer shell of the manifold 30, and the flow divider 33 is connected to the gas manifold inlet 31.
[0041] During the experiment, the experimental flue gas sampled from the experimental flue and other sources is introduced into the smoke toxicity experimental device of this application through the gas confluence inlet 31 and connected to the inlet of the diverter 33. The flue gas is diverted through the interface of the diverter 33 and input into each rat cage 20 through the gas inlet 21.
[0042] The design of the manifold 30 makes the structure of the smoke toxicity test apparatus of this application more compact. Simultaneously, the diversion manifold 33 allows the experimental smoke to enter each cage 20 simultaneously, and the composition of the diverted experimental smoke remains consistent, improving the accuracy of the experiment.
[0043] In some embodiments, the side of the manifold 30 housing is provided with a connection port 35 corresponding to the rat cage 20, and the flue gas pipe connecting the gas inlet 21 passes through the connection port 35 and is connected to the interface of the diverter 33.
[0044] The connection port 35 allows the connected flue gas pipe to be directly led from the interface of the diverter 33 to the gas inlet 21, making the flue gas pipe route simpler and shorter, and preventing the flue gas pipes corresponding to each cage 20 from getting tangled.
[0045] In some embodiments, the base 10 has a central manifold 30, and a manifold 34 is provided inside the manifold 30. The gas outlet 32 of each cage 20 is connected to the interface of the manifold 34. The outer shell of the manifold 30 has a gas manifold outlet 32. The manifold 34 is connected to the gas manifold outlet 32.
[0046] The flue gas after passing through the rat cage 20 is led out from the gas outlet 32 to the interface of the manifold 34 for merging, then led from the outlet of the manifold 34 to the gas manifold outlet 32, and finally led out through the gas manifold outlet 32 to the experimental flue and other places.
[0047] The inclusion of the manifold 30 makes the structure of the smoke toxicity experimental apparatus of this application more compact. Simultaneously, the manifold 34 allows the smoke exiting each cage 20 to recirculate back into the manifold 30, facilitating smoke recovery and treatment and improving the environmental friendliness of the experiment.
[0048] In some embodiments, the flue gas discharge channel connected to the gas outlet 22 is connected to a filter.
[0049] The filter was installed to remove harmful particulate matter from the exhaust gas after the experiment, thus improving the environmental friendliness of the experiment.
[0050] In some embodiments, the flue gas exhaust channel connected to the gas outlet is connected to a sampling pump after passing through a filter.
[0051] The sampling pump serves as the power source for the experimental flue gas, ensuring that the flue gas collected from the fire scene (or experimental flue) can flow smoothly. This means that the experimental flue gas can be sampled into the smoke toxicity experimental device and then extracted after the experiment.
[0052] A filter was added to the front end of the sampling pump, which on the one hand prevented the pump from being damaged by particulate matter, and on the other hand facilitated the collection and analysis of particulate matter in the flue gas.
[0053] In some embodiments, the flue gas exhaust channel connected to the gas outlet is connected to a flow meter after passing through the filter.
[0054] The flow meter is preferably a float flow meter. By setting a float flow meter through which clean gas passes, the flue gas flow rate can be accurately measured and recorded, providing important evidence for experimental data analysis and subsequent research.
[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas after passing through the rat cage 20 is led out from the gas outlet 32 to the interface of the manifold 34 for merging, and then passes through the filter to remove harmful particulate matter from the outlet of the manifold 34. Then it passes through the sampling pump and the flow meter for flow measurement, and finally leads to the gas manifold outlet 32, and is discharged through the gas manifold outlet 32.
[0056] In some embodiments, the base 10 is provided with a plurality of fixing brackets 12 correspondingly fixed to both ends of each cage 20. The gas inlet 21 and gas outlet 22 of each cage 20 are located between two corresponding fixing brackets 12. The animal loading inlet of the cage 20 is detachably connected to a cage cover 23, which is located on the outside of the corresponding fixing bracket 12.
[0057] The gas inlet 21 and gas outlet 22 of each cage 20 are located between two corresponding fixed frames 12, which can ensure the stability of the cage 20 when flue gas is introduced and drawn out during the experiment.
[0058] The rat cage cover 23 is located on the outside of the corresponding fixing frame 12, making it more convenient for the tester to open and close the rat cage 20.
[0059] In some embodiments, there are 8 mouse cages 20, i.e., the angle between each mouse cage is 45°.
[0060] This setup is designed to take into account the current experimental conditions, ensure that each rat cage 20 does not affect the others based on the size of the disc 11, and to arrange as many different experimental subjects as possible.
[0061] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0062] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.
[0063] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.
[0064] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).
[0065] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.
[0066] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0067] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus, characterized in that: Includes a base, on which multiple independent mouse cages are fixed, each mouse cage having a gas inlet and a gas outlet; The base includes a rotatable disc, the rat cages are arranged in a ring around the disc, and the animal loading entrance of the rat cages is located at the edge of the disc and faces outward from the disc.
2. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a central manifold cavity, and a flow divider is provided inside the manifold cavity; the gas inlet of each cage is connected to the interface of the flow divider; a gas manifold inlet is provided on the top of the manifold cavity shell, and the flow divider is connected to the gas manifold inlet.
3. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell of the manifold has a connection port on its side that corresponds to the cage of the rat. The flue gas pipe that connects to the gas inlet passes through the connection port and is connected to the interface of the diverter.
4. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The base has a central manifold, and a manifold is provided inside the manifold; the gas outlet of each cage is connected to the interface of the manifold; the outer shell of the manifold has a gas manifold outlet; the manifold is connected to the gas manifold outlet.
5. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas discharge channel connected to the gas outlet is equipped with a filter.
6. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flue gas exhaust channel connected to the gas outlet is connected to a sampling pump after passing through the filter.
7. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flue gas discharge channel connected to the gas outlet is connected to a flow meter after passing through the filter.
8. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with several fixing frames that are fixed to both ends of each rat cage; the gas inlet and gas outlet of each rat cage are located between two corresponding fixing frames; the animal loading inlet of the rat cage is detachably connected to a rat cage cover, which is located on the outside of the corresponding fixing frame.
9. The smoke-producing toxicity testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 8 rat cages.