A three-dimensional network slope protection structure of a multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system

Abstract

This invention discloses a three-dimensional network slope protection structure that integrates multi-layer geogrids with deep-rooted plant roots. It comprises several layers of geogrids, deep-rooted plants, short anchors, and perforated anchors. The structure includes: laying sparsely spaced geogrids in layers within the slope; vertically connecting and anchoring adjacent geogrid layers via perforated anchors, which serve both mechanical anchoring and nutrient delivery to the plants; and providing a permeable membrane with pre-defined pore sizes at the bottom openings to induce nutrient-rich growth in the deep-rooted plants; the deep-rooted plant roots grow vertically into the slope and integrate tightly with the three-dimensional geogrid reinforcement system; the deep-rooted plant roots and the multi-layered geogrids together form a three-dimensional synergistic multi-network structure. This invention's three-dimensional network structure, integrating multi-layered geogrids with deep-rooted plant roots, significantly improves the overall stability of steep slopes with only sparse geogrid installation, offering advantages such as structural stability, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope engineering protection and ecological restoration technology, and more specifically to a three-dimensional network slope protection structure that integrates multi-layer geogrids with deep-rooted plant root systems. Background Technology

[0002] Slope protection involves engineering reinforcement and ecological restoration measures for slopes formed naturally or artificially to prevent geological disasters such as slope instability, landslides, and collapses. With the rapid development of infrastructure construction such as transportation, water conservancy, mining, and urban development, a reasonable and reliable slope protection structure is an important foundation for improving the slope's resistance to sliding, erosion, and deformation, and a prerequisite for achieving coordinated development of engineering reinforcement and ecological protection.

[0003] Traditional slope protection methods often employ single geogrid reinforcement or simple plant stabilization, which generally suffer from insufficient overall integrity, poor interlayer synergy, and weak deep anchoring effect. Some structures also have defects such as insufficient nutrient supply for plant growth and limited root development, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of engineering reinforcement strength and long-term ecological stability. In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies in three-dimensional reinforcement, vertical connection, and plant adaptability, there is an urgent need for a new type of slope protection structure that can construct a three-dimensional stress network and take into account both structural reinforcement and ecological slope stabilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a three-dimensional network slope protection structure in which multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system work together to solve the problems of traditional slope protection, which often adopts single geogrid reinforcement or simple plant slope stabilization, and generally suffers from insufficient integrity, poor inter-layer synergistic force, and weak deep anchoring effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A three-dimensional network slope protection structure that integrates multi-layer geogrids with deep-rooted plant roots includes: several layers of geogrids, hollow anchors, and deep-rooted plants. The aforementioned layers of geogrid are laid in layers inside the slope. The hollow anchor is set between the adjacent layers of geogrid. The hollow anchor has a hollow cavity inside. The lower part of the hollow anchor has an opening that communicates with the hollow cavity. A permeable membrane is set at the opening. The permeable membrane has a preset pore size. The deep-rooted plants are planted between the network of several layers of geogrid, and the root system of the deep-rooted plants includes taproots and lateral roots, with the taproots extending vertically into the interior of the slope. The deep-rooted plants and the multi-layered geogrid intertwine to form a three-dimensional network structure.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, the three-dimensional network structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant roots proposed in this invention can significantly improve the overall stability of slopes with only sparse laying of geogrid, and has the advantages of structural stability, ecological environmental protection, and cost-effectiveness. The three-dimensional network structure composed of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant roots significantly improves the overall stability of slopes, and has the advantages of structural stability, ecological environmental protection, cost-effectiveness, and high durability.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-layer geogrid is a sparse network geogrid, which is a mesh structure formed by multiple interwoven geogrid strips in both horizontal and vertical directions. The sparse network structure provides ample vertical growth channels for the taproot of deep-rooted plants, while also providing attachment points for lateral roots, allowing the roots to smoothly pass through each layer of geogrid and tightly bond with the geogrid strips.

[0008] Preferably, the perforated anchor includes a nail body and a perforated cavity disposed inside the nail body. The perforated cavity is used to contain plant nutrients. The permeable membrane covers the perforated opening where the perforated cavity communicates with the external soil, and is used to control the infiltration rate of plant nutrients from the perforated cavity to the external soil, thereby ensuring a continuous supply of nutrients to the plant roots.

[0009] Preferably, the nail body includes an anchor rod and an anchor head. The anchor rod passes through the network nodes of the geogrid and is inserted into the slope. The anchor head is pressed against the upper surface of the geogrid, so that each layer of geogrid is independently fixed inside the slope to prevent the geogrid from shifting or slipping under the action of soil pressure.

[0010] The hollow cavity is set inside the anchor rod, and the end of the anchor rod that contacts the anchor head has an opening that communicates with the hollow cavity. Preferably, the hollow anchor nail penetrates multiple layers of geogrid. While connecting adjacent geogrid layers, the hollow anchor nail's body penetrates the soil layer, enhancing the vertical connection stiffness between geogrid layers. Utilizing the nutrient-seeking tendency of plant roots, nutrients are released into deeper soil areas, guiding the taproots of deep-rooted plants to grow deeper.

[0011] Preferably, the deep-rooted plant is a variety with a deep taproot and well-developed lateral roots. The lateral roots extend horizontally and wrap around the grid strips of the multi-layer geogrid, while the taproot penetrates the network pores of the multi-layer geogrid vertically.

[0012] Preferably, the above-mentioned slope protection structure also includes short anchors; A plurality of hollow anchors and / or short anchors are provided between two adjacent layers of geogrid, and the plurality of hollow anchors and / or short anchors are arranged in an array, and the placement of the hollow anchors and / or short anchors corresponds to the planting position of the deep-rooted plants. The hollow anchors and short anchors are arranged alternately according to specific working conditions; By utilizing the nutrient-seeking tendency of plant roots, the roots are guided to grow towards the hollow anchors, which shortens the distance for nutrients to diffuse to the roots, improves nutrient absorption efficiency, and promotes deep integration between the roots and the grid system.

[0013] Preferably, the permeable membrane has a preset pore size of 0.1μm to 100μm, which is used to selectively allow water-soluble nutrient molecules to pass through while blocking soil particles from entering the perforated cavities. This pore size range can effectively block most soil mineral particles (usually larger than 1μm) from entering the perforated cavities, preventing clogging, while allowing water-soluble nutrient molecules (usually smaller than 0.1μm) to pass through freely, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the slow-release function. Furthermore, the specific pore size of the permeable membrane should be selected according to the slope soil conditions: for clay slopes dominated by clay and silt, a pore size of 0.1μm to 30μm is selected; for sandy soil slopes dominated by sand, a pore size of 30μm to 80μm is selected to optimize permeability and reduce material costs.

[0014] Preferably, the taproot extension depth of the deep-rooted plants is greater than the burial depth of the bottom layer of geogrid. The number of layers and spacing range can cover the potential slip surface from the shallow to the medium-deep layers of the slope, and the taproot extension depth exceeds the bottom layer of geogrid, ensuring that the root anchoring effect can penetrate the entire reinforced area and form a complete three-dimensional protection system.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: 1. This invention utilizes a multi-layered geogrid layered installation and anchoring system. Within the slope, deep-rooted plants vertically penetrate each layer of geogrid through their taproots and horizontally wrap around the geogrid strips, achieving a three-dimensional synergistic force distribution through horizontal reinforcement and vertical anchoring. This three-dimensional network structure significantly enhances the constraint on potential slip surfaces, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional single-reinforcement structures or simple plant slope protection in constraining deep slope slippage, and greatly improving the overall stability of the slope.

[0016] 2. This invention connects and anchors adjacent layers of geogrid using perforated anchors, and sets up a permeable membrane in the perforated cavity to allow nutrients to slowly seep out. This allows the anchors to perform both mechanical anchoring and long-term nutrient supply functions. The slow-release characteristics of the nutrients ensure a continuous supply of nutrients to the plant roots. At the same time, by utilizing the nutrient-seeking behavior of plant roots, nutrients are released into the deeper soil areas, guiding the main roots of deep-rooted plants to grow deeper and promoting deep integration between the root system and the geogrid system.

[0017] 3. This invention positions the perforated anchors in a manner corresponding to the planting location of deep-rooted plants, ensuring that nutrient release points are close to the plant roots. This further utilizes the plant's nutrient-seeking tendency to guide root growth towards the perforated anchors. Simultaneously, the sparse mesh grid provides ample growth space and attachment points for the roots, achieving an organic combination of engineering and biological materials. This results in advantages such as structural stability, environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and high durability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional network slope protection structure utilizing multi-layer geogrids and deep-rooted plant root systems in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the root system growth of deep-rooted plants in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow anchor structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the vertical connection of the hollowed-out anchor nails and the guidance of plant root fertility in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the alternating arrangement of hollow anchors and anchoring structures in this invention.

[0020] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Among them: 1-multi-layer geogrid; 2-slope; 3-hollow anchor; 31-hollow cavity; 32-permeable membrane; 33-nail body; 4-deep root plant; 41-tap root; 42-lateral root; 5-short anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0023] This embodiment discloses a three-dimensional network slope protection structure that integrates multi-layer geogrids with deep-rooted plant root systems, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Several layers of geogrid 1 are laid in layers inside the slope 2; hollow anchors 3 are used to independently anchor each layer of geogrid 1 inside the slope 2; the hollow anchors 3 are connected between adjacent layers of geogrid 1, and each hollow anchor 3 has a hollow cavity 31 inside, and an opening at the bottom of the hollow anchor 3 that communicates with the hollow cavity 31. A permeable membrane 32 with a preset pore size is provided at the opening; deep-rooted plants 4 are planted between the network of the multi-layer geogrid 1. The root system of the deep-rooted plants 4 includes a main root 41 and lateral roots 42. The main root 41 extends vertically into the slope 2 and interweaves with the several layers of geogrid 1 to form a three-dimensional network structure.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, the multilayer geogrid 1 is a sparse network geogrid. The sparse network geogrid consists of multiple interwoven geogrid strips forming a mesh structure in both horizontal and vertical directions, with network pores formed between adjacent geogrid strips. The sparse network structure provides a vertical growth channel for the taproot 41 of the deep-rooted plant 4, and simultaneously provides attachment points for the lateral roots 42, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0025] In other embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the perforated anchor 3 includes an anchor body 33 and a perforated cavity 31 disposed inside the anchor body 33. The perforated cavity 31 is used to contain plant nutrients, which can be configured as slow-release nutrients adapted to the growth needs of deep-rooted plants 4, guiding the main root 41 of the deep-rooted plants 4 to extend into the deeper layers of the slope 2. A permeable membrane 32 covers the perforated opening of the perforated cavity 31 that connects to the external soil, and is used to control the infiltration rate of plant nutrients from the perforated cavity 31 to the external soil. The permeable membrane 32 has a preset pore size of 0.1μm~100μm, which is used to selectively allow water-soluble nutrient molecules to pass through and block soil particles from entering the perforated cavity 31, preventing the perforated cavity 31 from becoming clogged. Furthermore, the specific pore size of the permeable membrane should be selected according to the soil conditions of the slope: for clay slopes mainly composed of clay and silt, a pore size of 0.1 μm to 30 μm should be selected; for sandy soil slopes mainly composed of sand, a pore size of 30 μm to 80 μm should be selected to optimize permeability and reduce material costs.

[0026] In a specific example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the hollow anchor 3 is connected to the upper layer of geogrid 1, and the lower end of the hollow anchor 3 is connected to the lower layer of geogrid 1. The anchor body 33 of the hollow anchor 3 penetrates the soil layer between the two geogrid layers 1. While connecting adjacent geogrid layers, the hollow anchor 3's anchor body 33 penetrates the soil layer, which on the one hand enhances the vertical connection stiffness between geogrid layers, and on the other hand utilizes the nutrient-seeking behavior of plant roots to release nutrients into the deeper soil area, guiding the main root 41 of the deep-rooted plant 4 to grow deeper.

[0027] In some examples, the deep-rooted plant 4 is selected from varieties with deep taproots 41 and well-developed lateral roots 42. The lateral roots 42 extend horizontally and wrap around the grid strips of the multi-layer geogrid 1, while the taproots 41 penetrate the network pores of the multi-layer geogrid 1 vertically. The vertical penetration of the taproots 41 forms a deep anchoring effect, and the horizontal wrapping of the lateral roots 42 forms a reinforcement effect, organically combining shallow reinforcement and deep anchoring.

[0028] More specifically, multiple perforated anchors 3 are arranged between two adjacent layers of geogrid 1, and these perforated anchors 3 are distributed in an array. The positions of the perforated anchors 3 correspond to the planting positions of the deep-rooted plants 4. By aligning the perforated anchors 3 with the planting positions, the nutrient-seeking behavior of the plant roots is utilized to guide root growth towards the perforated anchors 3, thereby improving nutrient absorption efficiency. The perforated anchors 3 and commonly used short anchors 5 are alternately arranged according to specific working conditions such as geology and topography. Figure 5 As shown.

[0029] In other embodiments, the three-dimensional network structure includes a horizontal reinforcement layer composed of multiple layers of geogrid 1 and a vertical anchoring layer composed of the taproots 41 of deep-rooted plants 4. The horizontal reinforcement layer and the vertical anchoring layer intersect to form a three-dimensional integrated stress system. The taproots 41 of the deep-rooted plants 4 extend to a depth greater than the burial depth of the bottom geogrid 1, ensuring that the root anchoring effect can penetrate the entire reinforcement area to form a complete three-dimensional protection system. Embodiments of the present invention

[0030] 1. Geogrid construction and laying Lay the first layer of geogrid 1, unfold and stretch it flat to ensure that the network pores formed by its grid strips are evenly distributed. Use hollow anchor nails 3 to fix the first layer of geogrid 1, penetrating through the network nodes of geogrid 1 and vertically driven into the interior of the slope 2, until the hollow anchor nails 3 are pressed tightly onto the upper surface of geogrid 1, ensuring that the first layer of geogrid is firmly anchored in the slope 2.

[0031] Subsequently, a soil layer is backfilled above the first layer of geogrid 1 to the design elevation of the second layer and compacted. During the backfilling process, perforated anchors 3 are arranged in a predetermined array, and the lower end of the perforated anchors 3 is connected and fixed to the first layer of geogrid 1. The nail body 33 of the perforated anchors 3 penetrates vertically through the backfill soil layer.

[0032] Lay the second layer of geogrid 1, connect and fix the second layer of geogrid 1 to the upper end of the hollow anchor 3, and anchor it independently using the same hollow anchor 3. Repeat the above steps until the preset number of layers (2~5 layers) of geogrid 1 are laid and anchored, and the vertical spacing between adjacent layers is controlled at 120 cm~200 cm.

[0033] 2. Planting deep-rooted plants After the laying and layered backfilling of all geogrids 1 are completed, deep-rooted plants 4 are planted in the network pores of geogrids 1. Taking advantage of the humid subtropical monsoon climate and expansive soil geological conditions of the Jianghuai region, this embodiment selects vetiver grass and black locust. The taproot of vetiver grass can reach a depth of 3-5 meters, and the taproot of black locust can reach a depth of 2-3 meters, which can effectively penetrate the network pores of each layer of geogrid 1. When planting, ensure that the plant roots are kept at an appropriate distance from the outlet of the hollow anchor nail 3, so as to facilitate the roots to grow towards the nutrient release point under the guidance of nutrient attraction, and promote the deep integration of the roots and the geogrid system.

[0034] Slow-release nutrients suitable for the growth needs of deep-rooted plants 4 are pre-filled into the hollow cavity 31 of the hollow anchor nail 3. The nutrients can be compound fertilizer granules or nutrient solution, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer granules or microbial fertilizer. A water-permeable membrane 32 covers the hollow opening to prevent soil particles from entering the hollow cavity 31.

[0035] As the plants grow, nutrients within the hollow cavity 31 slowly seep out through the permeable membrane 32 into the surrounding soil layer under the action of water, forming a nutrient gradient around the hollow anchor 3. Utilizing the nutrient-seeking behavior of plant roots, the main root 41 of the deep-rooted plant 4 is guided to grow towards the hollow anchor 3 and further extends into the deeper slope 2.

[0036] As the main root 41 grows vertically downwards, it sequentially passes through the network pores of each layer of geogrid 1, forming a vertical anchoring layer that runs through the entire reinforcement system. At the same time, the lateral roots 42 extend horizontally and wrap around the grid strips of each layer of geogrid 1, forming an anchoring layer for the horizontal reinforcement.

[0037] When slope 2 has a potential tendency to slide, the horizontal reinforcement layer provides horizontal resistance to sliding through the friction between the geogrid 1 and the soil and the entanglement of the lateral roots 42; the vertical anchoring layer provides vertical resistance to pull-out through the through anchoring of the main root 41; the hollow anchor nail 3 simultaneously plays the functions of mechanical anchoring and slow release of nutrients, continuously guiding the roots to grow into deeper layers and constantly strengthening the three-dimensional network structure.

[0038] Nutrients in the perforated anchor 3 are gradually released during long-term service. The permeable membrane 32 effectively prevents soil particles from entering the perforated cavity 31 and causing blockage, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the slow-release function. When the nutrients are depleted, nutrients can be added to the perforated cavity 31 from the top of the perforated anchor 3 using a special injection tool to achieve long-term maintenance.

[0039] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0040] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional network slope protection structure that integrates multi-layer geogrids with deep-rooted plant root systems, characterized in that, include: Several layers of geogrid, hollow anchors and deep-rooted plants; The aforementioned layers of geogrid are laid in layers inside the slope. The hollow anchor is set between the adjacent layers of geogrid. The hollow anchor has a hollow cavity inside. The lower part of the hollow anchor has an opening that communicates with the hollow cavity. A permeable membrane is set at the opening. The permeable membrane has a preset pore size. The deep-rooted plants are planted between the network of several layers of geogrid, and the root system of the deep-rooted plants includes taproots and lateral roots, with the taproots extending vertically into the interior of the slope. The deep-rooted plants and the multi-layered geogrid intertwine to form a three-dimensional network structure.

2. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The geogrid is a sparse network geogrid, which is a mesh structure formed by multiple grid strips interwoven in the horizontal and vertical directions.

3. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow anchor includes a nail body and a hollow cavity set inside the nail body. The hollow cavity is used to contain plant nutrients, which are slow-release nutrients adapted to the growth needs of deep-rooted plants. The nutrient gradient guides the main root of the deep-rooted plant to extend into the deeper layers of the slope. The permeable membrane covers the hollow opening that connects the hollow cavity with the external soil.

4. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The nail body includes an anchor rod and an anchor head. The anchor rod passes through the network nodes of the geogrid and is inserted into the slope. The anchor head is pressed against the upper surface of the geogrid, so that each layer of geogrid is independently fixed inside the slope. The hollow cavity is located inside the anchor rod.

5. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hollow anchor penetrates multiple layers of geogrid, and the anchor body penetrates the soil layer between two layers of geogrid.

6. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The deep-rooted plant is selected from varieties with deep taproots and well-developed lateral roots. The lateral roots extend horizontally and wrap around the grid strips of the multi-layer geogrid, while the taproot penetrates the network pores of the multi-layer geogrid vertically.

7. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional network structure includes a horizontal reinforcement layer composed of several layers of geogrid and a vertical anchoring layer composed of the taproots of the deep-rooted plants. The horizontal reinforcement layer and the vertical anchoring layer intersect to form a three-dimensional overall force-bearing system.

8. The three-dimensional network slope protection structure of multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes short anchors; A plurality of hollow anchors and / or short anchors are provided between two adjacent layers of geogrid, and the plurality of hollow anchors and / or short anchors are arranged in an array, and the placement of the hollow anchors and / or short anchors corresponds to the planting position of the deep-rooted plants. The hollow anchors and short anchors are arranged alternately according to the specific working conditions.

9. A three-dimensional network slope protection structure with multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root system in synergy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset pore size of the permeable membrane is 0.1μm~100μm.

10. A three-dimensional network slope protection structure integrating multi-layer geogrid and deep-rooted plant root systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main root of the deep-rooted plant extends to a depth greater than the burial depth of the bottom geogrid.

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