Oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device and method for drinking water intake

Abstract

This invention provides an oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device and method for drinking water intakes. The device includes a monitoring unit, a control unit, and an execution unit. The monitoring unit is deployed in the upstream water area of ​​the intake to monitor oil spill pollution on the water surface and in the water in real time, generating monitoring data. The control unit is communicatively connected to the monitoring unit and is used to receive and process the monitoring data to determine whether an oil spill event has occurred, and to issue an interception command when an oil spill event is determined to have occurred. The execution unit includes a barrier device and a drive mechanism for driving the barrier device. The barrier device is deployed in the upstream water area of ​​the intake, and the drive mechanism is communicatively connected to the control unit. The drive mechanism is used to receive the interception command and control the barrier device to intercept the oil spill. This invention can automate the process from risk perception to protective action, completing the blockage before the oil spill reaches the intake, gaining valuable time for manual handling, and improving the emergency response capability and safety level of drinking water sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drinking water safety assurance and environmental emergency protection technology, and more specifically, to an oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device and method for drinking water intakes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, water quality safety protection at water intakes mainly relies on manual inspections and traditional online water quality monitoring instruments. Manual inspections are infrequent and have slow response times, making 24-hour uninterrupted monitoring impossible. Traditional water quality monitoring instruments (such as those based on ultraviolet absorption) typically have sampling points below the water surface, resulting in extremely low sensitivity to detecting insoluble oil films floating on the surface. Furthermore, their function is limited to alarms and they cannot proactively implement physical isolation measures. In the event of an upstream oil spill, the oil slick will penetrate deeply, directly threatening the safety of the water intake. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved The technical problem this invention aims to solve is how to achieve real-time, automatic monitoring and rapid emergency protection against oil spill risks in waters upstream of drinking water intakes, so as to ensure drinking water safety.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes, comprising a monitoring unit, a control unit, and an execution unit; the monitoring unit is deployed in the upstream water area of ​​the intake for real-time monitoring of oil spill pollution on the water surface and in the water, generating monitoring data; the control unit is communicatively connected to the monitoring unit for receiving and processing the monitoring data to determine whether an oil spill event has occurred, and for issuing an interception command when an oil spill event is determined to have occurred; the execution unit includes a barrier device and a drive mechanism for driving the barrier device to operate, the barrier device being deployed in the upstream water area of ​​the intake, the drive mechanism being communicatively connected to the control unit, and the drive mechanism being used to receive the interception command and control the barrier device to intercept oil pollution.

[0005] Preferably, the monitoring unit includes a petroleum concentration sensor and an oil film thickness sensor.

[0006] Preferably, the monitoring unit further includes an artificial intelligence video surveillance camera, used to acquire surface images of the monitored water area and perform oil spill feature identification, used to directly detect oil pollution indicators in the water from different dimensions, and used to acquire surface images of the monitored water area and perform oil spill feature identification, thereby realizing visual verification of the water surface condition.

[0007] Preferably, the control unit includes a core processor, a data fusion judgment module, and a communication module; the data fusion judgment module is used to perform preset alarm threshold comparison and artificial intelligence image recognition algorithm; the communication module is used to realize data interaction with the monitoring unit and the execution unit.

[0008] Preferably, the barrier device is an oil curtain, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the barrier device to switch between a storage state and an interception state.

[0009] Preferably, the barrier device is an oil boom, the driving mechanism is an electric winch, and the electric winch is connected to the oil boom via a rope; the oil boom is submerged at the bottom of the water in the retracted state and is raised to the surface of the water in the interception state.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for monitoring and automatically protecting against oil spills at drinking water intakes, comprising the following steps: S1. Monitoring data of the water area is continuously collected by a monitoring unit deployed upstream of the water intake. The monitoring data includes water quality sensor data and video image data. S2. The control unit receives the monitoring data, triggers an alarm when the water quality sensor data exceeds a preset threshold, and calls the corresponding video image data for artificial intelligence visual analysis to verify whether there is oil spill on the water surface. S3. When the verification result confirms the presence of oil spill, the control unit generates and issues an interception command, and the drive mechanism receives the interception command and controls the barrier device to intercept the oil spill.

[0011] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: If the artificial intelligence visual analysis confirms the presence of oil spill, the interception command will be triggered immediately. If the AI ​​visual analysis confirms that it is a false alarm, the alarm will be cleared and normal monitoring will resume. If the artificial intelligence visual analysis cannot determine the problem within the set time or the verification timeout occurs, the interception command will be triggered.

[0012] Preferably, the water quality sensing data includes petroleum hydrocarbon concentration data in water detected by a petroleum concentration sensor and / or oil film thickness data on the water surface detected by an oil film thickness sensor.

[0013] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: the driving mechanism is an electric winch, the barrier device is an oil boom, and the control unit controls the electric winch to lift the oil boom submerged at the bottom of the water, so that the oil boom rises to the water surface to form an interception zone; or, the driving mechanism is a hydraulic telescopic rod, the barrier device is an oil curtain, and the control unit controls the hydraulic telescopic rod to push the oil curtain retracted on the shore to unfold, so as to intercept the water surface.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves full automation of the entire process from oil spill detection and intelligent judgment to physical interception through the linkage of monitoring unit, control unit and execution unit, which greatly shortens the emergency response time.

[0015] 2. This invention adopts a dual-criteria mode that combines water quality sensor triggering with AI video verification. This can quickly capture potential risks and effectively reduce unnecessary interception actions caused by false alarms from a single sensor through visual analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of system decision-making.

[0016] 3. In this invention, the execution unit can automatically deploy physical barriers (oil booms or oil curtains) after confirming the oil spill, and actively intercept the oil before it reaches the water intake, thus buying time for core disposal and directly ensuring water intake safety.

[0017] 4. This invention provides two interception solutions: a bottom-mounted oil boom and a shore-deployed oil curtain. The solution can be selected and deployed according to different intake topography, hydrological conditions and installation environment, making it flexible in application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intake provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the oil spill monitoring and automatic protection method for drinking water intakes provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0021] The labels for the attached figures are as follows: 1. Monitoring unit; 2. Control unit; 3. Execution unit; 11. Petroleum concentration sensor; 12. Oil film thickness sensor; 13. Artificial intelligence video surveillance camera; 21. Core processor; 22. Communication module; 23. Power supply components; 31. Drive mechanism; 32. Barrier device. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be located directly on or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or the number of technical features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific implementation of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes, which mainly includes a monitoring unit 1, a control unit 2, and an execution unit 3.

[0026] Monitoring unit 1 is deployed in the water area a certain distance upstream of the drinking water intake that needs protection. In one specific embodiment, monitoring unit 1 includes a petroleum hydrocarbon concentration sensor 11, an oil film thickness sensor 12, and an AI video surveillance camera 13. The petroleum hydrocarbon concentration sensor 11 is used to detect the concentration of dissolved or dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons in the water; the oil film thickness sensor 12 is used to detect the thickness of the floating oil layer on the water surface; and the AI ​​video surveillance camera 13 is aimed at the surface of the monitored water area and continuously captures video streams. The data collected by these sensors and cameras (i.e., monitoring data) is transmitted to control unit 2 via wired or wireless communication. Among them, the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration sensor 11 can directly measure the concentration of petroleum pollutants in the water in a dissolved or emulsified state, usually in milligrams per liter (mg / L), which is a basic indicator for judging whether the water body is polluted. Ultraviolet fluorescence method is usually used because petroleum substances will produce fluorescence under ultraviolet light excitation, and the fluorescence intensity is proportional to the concentration. This method has high sensitivity and strong anti-interference ability. The sensor probe of the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration sensor 11 is immersed at a certain depth (e.g., 0.5-1 meter) upstream of the water intake to monitor the mainstream water quality. The oil film thickness sensor 12 is specifically designed to detect the presence and thickness of an oil film floating on the water surface, typically measured in micrometers (μm). The oil film thickness sensor 12 can employ either optical refraction or capacitance methods. Optical methods identify the oil film by analyzing the difference in refractive index between oil and water; capacitance methods measure the thickness by detecting the capacitance change caused by the oil film (whose dielectric constant differs from water). The oil film thickness sensor 12 needs to be very close to the water surface, typically integrated with a buoy, to ensure sensitive detection of the surface oil film. An AI video surveillance camera 13 serves as a visual verification method, utilizing the unique optical phenomena (such as the "rainbow effect") produced by the oil film on the water surface to automatically determine the presence of the oil film using image recognition algorithms. Specifically, it is a high-definition network camera with built-in or connected edge computing devices, running a trained AI image recognition model to analyze video streams in real time. It is fixed to the monitoring buoy or a high point on the shore, overlooking the monitored water surface. More specifically, in this embodiment, the probe of the petroleum concentration sensor 11 extends approximately 0.5 meters underwater, while the lenses of the oil film thickness sensor 12 and the AI ​​video surveillance camera 13 point towards the water surface. Preferably, there are three monitoring units 1, which are arranged in a triangular relationship to form a triangular monitoring network. The monitoring units 1 adopt a conservative "one-vote veto" strategy: that is, if any buoy in the triangular monitoring network issues a serious oil pollution alarm, the system response will be triggered.

[0027] The control unit 2 is typically located in a control box on the shore or in a nearby monitoring room. It includes a core processor 21 (e.g., a PLC or industrial computer), a data fusion and judgment module, and a communication module 22. The core processor 21 is responsible for the overall system scheduling. The data fusion and judgment module has built-in data processing logic: it first receives and compares data on petroleum concentration and oil film thickness; when either data exceeds a preset safety threshold, a primary alarm is triggered. Subsequently, the module calls an artificial intelligence image recognition algorithm to analyze images transmitted from the artificial intelligence video surveillance camera 13 in the same time period and area, identifying whether the water surface has the characteristic color, texture, and drift features of oil spills, thereby verifying the sensor alarms. The communication module 22 is responsible for receiving all data and sending instructions. The control unit 2 is also connected to a power supply component 23. Specifically, in this embodiment, the core processor 21 preferably uses an industrial-grade programmable logic controller (PLC) or an embedded industrial computer due to its high reliability, strong anti-interference capability, and adaptability to harsh environments. The core processor 21 can be set with multiple threshold levels. For example: Warning threshold: Oil concentration > 0.05 mg / L, only recording and reporting. Action threshold: Oil concentration > 0.1 mg / L, oil film thickness > 5 μm, and AI video recognition confidence level > 90%, then triggering the execution unit action. The data fusion judgment module and communication module 22 preferably use a 4G / 5G wireless communication module or a fiber optic Ethernet module for wireless communication, uploading field data to the cloud or monitoring center in real time, and supporting remote manual control. It is responsible for remote data transmission and receiving remote commands. The control unit 2 also includes a power supply component 23, which preferably adopts a mains power + uninterruptible power supply (UPS) power supply mode. In the field where there is no mains power, the power supply component 23 can adopt an off-grid power supply system of solar panels + batteries.

[0028] The execution unit 3 includes a drive mechanism 31 and a barrier device 32, and is located at a key section downstream of the monitoring unit 1 and upstream of the water intake. The drive mechanism 31 is connected to the control unit 2 and receives commands from it.

[0029] The barrier device 32 has two main implementation methods: The first implementation method: The barrier device 32 is an oil boom, and the drive mechanism 31 is an electric winch. The oil boom is connected to the electric winch via ropes. In the normal state (retracted state), the oil boom is submerged on the bottom of the water by counterweights, without affecting ship navigation or water flow. When the control unit 2 confirms the oil spill and issues an interception command, the electric winch starts, retracts the ropes, and lifts the oil boom from the bottom of the water to the surface (interception state), thereby forming a water surface interception zone to prevent the oil spill from drifting downstream.

[0030] The second implementation method: The barrier device 32 is an oil curtain, and the drive mechanism 31 is a hydraulic telescopic rod (or hydraulic cylinder). One end of the oil curtain is hinged to the shore foundation or underwater track. In the normal state (retracted state), the oil curtain is folded up and underwater near the shore. Upon receiving an interception command, the hydraulic telescopic rod extends under the control of the control unit 2, pushing the oil curtain to unfold horizontally towards the water area around the hinge point (interception state) until it is fully spread out and covers a section of the water surface, thereby intercepting the oil spill.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the working method of the present invention is as follows: After the system is started, monitoring unit 1 works continuously, collecting water quality sensor data (concentration, thickness) and video image data, and uploading them to control unit 2.

[0032] Control unit 2 processes the sensor data in real time. If the threshold is not exceeded, monitoring continues.

[0033] If the water quality sensor data exceeds a preset threshold, an alarm is triggered, and an AI video review process is initiated simultaneously. Control unit 2 uses artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze the real-time video stream.

[0034] The review results have three branches: a) AI confirms oil spill: Control unit 2 immediately sends an interception command to drive mechanism 31 of execution unit 3. Specifically, if the oil concentration detected by petroleum concentration sensor 11 is >0.1 mg / L, the oil film thickness detected by oil film thickness sensor 12 is >5μm, and the AI ​​video surveillance camera 13 determines that the AI ​​video recognition confidence level is >90%, then an oil spill is confirmed.

[0035] b) If the AI ​​confirms that the alarm is a false alarm (such as leaves or light and shadow interference): Control unit 2 clears the alarm and the system returns to normal monitoring status.

[0036] c) AI analysis timeout or inability to reach a conclusion (e.g., severe weather affecting image quality): Based on the principle of prioritizing drinking water safety, control unit 2 issues an interception command.

[0037] After receiving the interception command, the drive mechanism 31 operates according to its type (electric winch or hydraulic mechanism), driving the barrier device 32 (oil boom or oil curtain) to switch from the storage state to the interception state, thereby achieving the sealing of the water surface and the interception of oil pollution.

[0038] While issuing the interception command, the control unit 2 can send alarm information containing time, location, sensor data, and on-site images to the remote monitoring center through the communication module 22 to notify the management personnel to carry out subsequent emergency handling.

[0039] After the oil spill is cleaned up and the danger is eliminated, the management personnel issue a reset command through the control unit 2, which drives the mechanism 31 to reverse and restore the barrier device 32 to the storage state. The system then enters the normal monitoring cycle again.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes, characterized in that, include: The monitoring unit is deployed in the water area upstream of the water intake to monitor oil spill pollution on the water surface and in the water in real time and generate monitoring data. The control unit is communicatively connected to the monitoring unit and is used to receive and process monitoring data to determine whether an oil spill event has occurred, and to issue an interception command when an oil spill event is determined to have occurred. The execution unit includes a barrier device and a drive mechanism for driving the barrier device to operate. The barrier device is deployed in the water area upstream of the water intake. The drive mechanism is communicatively connected to the control unit and is used to receive the interception command and control the barrier device to intercept oil pollution.

2. The oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring unit includes a petroleum concentration sensor and an oil film thickness sensor.

3. The oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring unit also includes an AI video surveillance camera, used to acquire surface images of the monitored water area and identify oil spill features.

4. The oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The control unit includes a core processor, a data fusion and judgment module, and a communication module; the data fusion and judgment module is used to perform preset alarm threshold comparison and artificial intelligence image recognition algorithm; the communication module is used to realize data interaction with the monitoring unit and the execution unit.

5. The oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The barrier device is an oil curtain, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the barrier device to switch between a storage state and an interception state.

6. The oil spill monitoring and automatic protection device for drinking water intakes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The barrier device is an oil boom, and the driving mechanism is an electric winch. The electric winch is connected to the oil boom via a rope. The oil boom is submerged at the bottom of the water when it is in the retracted state, and is raised to the surface of the water when it is in the interception state.

7. A method for monitoring and automatically protecting against oil spills at drinking water intakes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Monitoring data of the water area is continuously collected by a monitoring unit deployed upstream of the water intake. The monitoring data includes water quality sensor data and video image data. S2. The control unit receives the monitoring data, triggers an alarm when the water quality sensor data exceeds a preset threshold, and calls the corresponding video image data for artificial intelligence visual analysis to verify whether there is oil spill on the water surface. S3. When the verification result confirms the presence of oil spill, the control unit generates and issues an interception command, and the drive mechanism receives the interception command and controls the barrier device to intercept the oil spill.

8. The method for oil spill monitoring and automatic protection at drinking water intakes as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: If the artificial intelligence visual analysis confirms the presence of oil spill, the interception command will be triggered immediately. If the AI ​​visual analysis confirms that it is a false alarm, the alarm will be cleared and normal monitoring will resume. If the artificial intelligence visual analysis cannot determine the problem within the set time or the verification timeout occurs, the interception command will be triggered.

9. The method for oil spill monitoring and automatic protection at drinking water intakes as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The water quality sensing data includes petroleum hydrocarbon concentration data in water detected by a petroleum concentration sensor and / or oil film thickness data on the water surface detected by an oil film thickness sensor.

10. The method for oil spill monitoring and automatic protection at drinking water intakes as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: The drive mechanism is an electric winch, the barrier device is an oil boom, and the control unit controls the electric winch to lift the oil boom that is submerged at the bottom of the water, so that the oil boom rises to the water surface to form an interception zone. Alternatively, the driving mechanism is a hydraulic telescopic rod, the barrier device is an oil curtain, and the control unit controls the hydraulic telescopic rod to push the oil curtain, which is retracted to the shore, to unfold and intercept the water surface.

Images