Janus superwetting composite aerogel material with interpenetrating phase structure for efficient seawater desalination and oil-water separation and preparation method and application thereof
By preparing an interpenetrating phase structure Janus superwetting composite aerogel material, the problem of synergistic oil-water separation and solar interfacial evaporation desalination in complex high-viscosity oily seawater systems was solved, achieving efficient separation and stable operation. The material has good mechanical properties and green preparation characteristics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FUZHOU UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to achieve efficient oil-water emulsion separation and solar interfacial evaporation desalination in complex, high-viscosity, oily seawater systems. Furthermore, traditional aerogel materials are prone to shrinkage and deformation during drying, and their preparation processes are complex and costly, making large-scale application difficult.
A biomimetic gradient pore structure combined with solvent-free atmospheric pressure drying was used to prepare an interpenetrating phase structure Janus superwetting composite aerogel material. Through an embedded physical sponge skeleton and multiple chemical crosslinking, an axial gradient pore structure and asymmetric wettability were constructed, achieving high mechanical properties and efficient oil-water separation function of the material.
The material achieved a high efficiency of 99.98% in oil-water emulsion separation and an evaporation rate of 3.98 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹. It operated stably in a high-salinity system for 12 hours, solving problems such as restricted migration of high-viscosity oil, difficulty in separating micro-nano emulsions, and failure due to high-salt evaporation and crystallization. It also exhibits good mechanical stability and green preparation characteristics.
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Figure CN122399689A_ABST