Nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip

By designing a pump-valve system and a sample storage chamber with a specific structure in a microfluidic chip, the problems of uneven distribution and cross-contamination of nucleic acid solutions were solved, enabling efficient, accurate, and reliable multiplex detection of nucleic acid.

CN122563709APending Publication Date: 2026-08-14INSTITUTE OF PROCESS ENGINEERING CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610983814.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-07-02
Publication Date
2026-08-14

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing microfluidic chips suffer from uneven distribution of the nucleic acid solution, poor synchronization, and cross-contamination caused by asynchronous liquid flow in multiplex nucleic acid detection, which affects the comparability and accuracy of the test results.

Method used

A microfluidic chip for nucleic acid detection was designed, comprising a sample processing layer, a reaction layer, an electrode layer, and a sealing layer. The chip achieves uniform and synchronous sample distribution through a pump-valve system and employs a conical sample storage chamber that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, along with a linear arrangement of the sample storage chambers, to ensure uniform liquid distribution and prevent cross-contamination.

Benefits of technology

This ensures consistent liquid volume in each reaction chamber, guarantees consistent start time, improves comparability and accuracy of detection, eliminates cross-contamination, and enhances detection throughput and reliability.

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Abstract

This invention relates to the field of molecular diagnostics technology and discloses a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip, comprising a sample processing layer, a reaction layer, an electrode layer, and a first sealing layer. The sample processing layer has a sample shunt chamber containing several sequentially connected sample storage chambers. The reaction layer is located below the sample processing layer and has several reaction chambers, each corresponding to and connected to a sample storage chamber. The reaction layer has a first pump valve chamber and a gas channel, while the sample processing layer has a second pump valve chamber containing pumps and valves. The electrode layer is located below the reaction layer. The first sealing layer is located above the sample processing layer and has an opening located above a lysis chamber and a washing chamber. In this invention, the sample fills each sample storage chamber uniformly and synchronously under capillary action. Driven by the pumps and valves, the sample is synchronously transferred to the reaction chamber, ensuring consistent liquid volume distributed to each reaction chamber.
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