Biological sludge recycling type sewage treatment reaction device

Abstract

The application discloses a biological sludge recycling type sewage treatment reaction device, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment. The device comprises a pool body, the inner part of the pool body is fixedly connected with a first partition plate, a second partition plate and a connecting plate respectively, the pool body and the first partition plate form an anaerobic zone, and the first partition plate, the second partition plate and the pool body jointly form an anoxic reaction zone. In the application, the sludge quality separation and reflux system is matched with the gradient sedimentation assembly through the spiral separator, the reinforced cyclone hydraulic field is formed in the anaerobic zone by means of the spiral flow channel with a narrowing inner diameter from top to bottom, the centrifugal force is used to make the inert sludge and heavy particles with a larger density migrate to the pool wall and sink to the sludge hopper to complete in-situ concentration, the preliminary sludge separation is realized, the separation load of the subsequent sedimentation unit is effectively reduced, the mixed contact of the sewage and the anaerobic sludge is strengthened by the cyclone state water flow, a stable anaerobic environment is created for the phosphorus accumulating organisms, and the phosphorus accumulating organisms are promoted to release phosphorus efficiently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and more specifically, to a wastewater treatment reactor that utilizes biological sludge recycling. Background Technology

[0002] The activated sludge process is currently the most widely used biological treatment technology in the field of urban wastewater treatment. It relies on the metabolic action of microorganisms to degrade pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus in wastewater. A large amount of biological waste sludge is generated during the treatment process.

[0003] In traditional activated sludge processes, the sludge settled in the sedimentation tank is fully mixed and recirculated to maintain the sludge concentration in the reaction tank, while the remaining sludge is concentrated, dewatered, and disposed of externally. However, this recirculation method cannot differentiate between highly active newly formed sludge and aged, inert sludge, resulting in a large accumulation of aged, inert sludge within the system. Over time, this continuously reduces the overall microbial activity of the system, leading to unstable nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, weak resistance to shock loads, and difficulty in meeting increasingly stringent effluent quality requirements. Therefore, a biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor is urgently needed to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor includes a tank body. Inside the tank body, a first partition, a second partition, and a connecting plate are fixedly connected. The tank body and the first partition form an anaerobic zone. The first partition, the second partition, and the tank body together form an anoxic reaction zone. The second partition, the connecting plate, and the tank body together form an aerobic reaction zone. The connecting plate and the tank body form a gradient sedimentation zone. A water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the pool. A separator is installed inside the pool. The separator is located in the anaerobic zone. A sludge hopper for settling sludge is installed below the separator. The tank is equipped with a three-dimensional elastic biological packing material inside, which fills the anoxic reaction zone. An L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second partition. A second overflow trough is opened on one side of the second partition to facilitate the flow of sewage from the anoxic reaction zone into the aerobic reaction zone. A sludge crusher for crushing old sludge is set below the L-shaped plate. A suction pipe is inserted into the bottom end of the sludge hopper, and the other end of the suction pipe extends into the interior of the sludge crusher. A first pump body for providing suction power to the suction pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the tank. The tank is equipped with an aeration component and a sedimentation component. The aeration component is located in the aerobic reaction zone, and the sedimentation component is located in the gradient sedimentation zone.

[0006] Preferably, the separator is spiral-shaped, and the inner diameter of the separator gradually decreases from top to bottom. One end of the inlet pipe located inside the pool is tangent to the inlet end of the separator. A first overflow trough is provided on one side of the first partition to facilitate the flow of wastewater from the anaerobic zone into the anoxic reaction zone.

[0007] Preferably, the sludge crusher includes a feed section, a throat, a discharge section, and a storage pipe section. The throat is located between the feed section and the discharge section. The inner diameters of the throat, the feed section, and the discharge section gradually increase. An ultrasonic transducer for vibrating and crushing old sludge is provided at the top of the storage pipe section. A second pump body is fixedly connected to the top of the storage pipe section. A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the second pump body. The other end of the first connecting pipe is located above the aerobic reaction zone. A second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top of another second pump body. The other end of the second connecting pipe is located in the anoxic reaction zone.

[0008] Preferably, the aeration assembly includes an aeration plate disposed in the aerobic reaction zone, an air inlet pipe evenly spaced is inserted into one side of the aeration plate, an air guide pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the air inlet pipe extending to the outside of the tank, and an aeration pipe evenly spaced is inserted into the top of the aeration plate.

[0009] Preferably, the aeration pipe has an arc-shaped cross-section, a first aeration hole is provided on the outer circumference of the aeration pipe, a second aeration hole is provided at the end of the aeration pipe away from the aeration plate, and the height of the aeration pipe increases in a wave-like step manner along the direction away from the second partition.

[0010] Preferably, a reflux hopper is fixedly connected to one outer wall of the second partition, the cross-section of the reflux hopper is an isosceles trapezoid, and a second reflux pipe is inserted into one side of the reflux hopper at equal intervals, the second reflux pipe being located within the anoxic reaction zone.

[0011] Preferably, the settling assembly includes a first settling plate disposed within the gradient settling zone. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the first settling plate. The guide plate has a wavy cross-section and a groove with an arc-shaped cross-section is formed on the top outer wall of the guide plate. A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the guide plate, and a second settling plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the reinforcing plate. The second settling plate is located directly below the first settling plate, and the inclination of the second settling plate is greater than that of the first settling plate.

[0012] Preferably, a third partition is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the guide plate, the third partition and the three inner walls of the pool body enclose a clear water area, a drain pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the pool body, the other end of the drain pipe is located inside the clear water area, and a third overflow trough is provided on one side of the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a sludge collection hopper is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate. The sludge collection hopper is located below the second settling plate. A first return pipe is inserted into the bottom end of the sludge collection hopper. The first return pipe is inclined, and the end of the first return pipe away from the sludge collection hopper is inserted into the interior of the sludge hopper.

[0014] Preferably, a mudguard is fixedly connected to one end of the first settling plate, and a third return pipe with equal spacing is inserted into one side of the mudguard. The third return pipe is inclined, and the other end of the third return pipe extends into the anoxic reaction zone.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor provided by this invention utilizes a sludge separation and recirculation system that combines a spiral separator with a gradient settling assembly. Within the anaerobic zone, a reinforced swirling hydraulic field is created by a spiral flow channel with a narrowing inner diameter from top to bottom. Centrifugal force causes denser, inert sludge and heavy particles to migrate towards the tank wall and settle to the sludge hopper for in-situ concentration, achieving preliminary sludge separation and effectively reducing the separation load on subsequent sedimentation units. Simultaneously, the swirling flow enhances the mixing and contact between wastewater and anaerobic sludge, creating a stable anaerobic environment for polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria and promoting efficient phosphorus release. Subsequently, in the gradient settling zone, the incoming wastewater undergoes gradual stabilization and rectification through a first settling plate with a small inclination angle and a corrugated guide plate with arc-shaped grooves, weakening turbulent kinetic energy to create a stable settling environment. The grooves also create localized low-velocity... The stagnant zone captures newly formed, highly active sludge flocs with small particle size and slow settling velocity, promoting the collision, aggregation, and growth of micro-flocs, and significantly improving the capture rate of highly active sludge. Meanwhile, the dense, fast-settling aged inert sludge passes through the upper channel and settles rapidly at the lower, steeply inclined second settling plate, thus achieving in-situ precise separation of highly active sludge and aged sludge. The enriched highly active sludge is returned to the front end of the anoxic reaction zone via the third return pipe by gravity, providing targeted replenishment of highly active microorganisms to the system and preventing the accumulation and dilution of bacterial activity by aged inert sludge in the main reaction zone. The aged sludge is then transported to the anaerobic zone sludge hopper via the collection hopper and the first return pipe for further concentration, providing high-concentration feed for subsequent treatment units. Overall, this effectively improves the system's microbial activity and sludge-water separation efficiency, enhances the device's resistance to water quality and quantity shocks, and ensures long-term stability of effluent quality.

[0016] The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor provided by this invention, through its sludge breaker and supporting conveying and return pipeline, can achieve graded cell wall breaking and resource utilization of concentrated aged sludge. Specifically, the sludge first flows through the feed section, throat, and discharge section, whose inner diameter first narrows and then expands. Utilizing the Venturi effect, hydraulic cavitation is generated, and the strong shear force and shock wave formed by cavitation bubble collapse breaks up large sludge flocs and destroys most of the microbial cell walls, completing the first-stage coarse crushing treatment. Subsequently, the sludge enters the storage pipe section, where a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer at the top emits high-frequency ultrasonic waves to generate an acoustic cavitation effect, performing a second-stage deep cell wall breaking on the remaining microorganisms. The synergistic effect of hydraulic cavitation and ultrasonic breaking... It can significantly improve the release efficiency of intracellular organic matter, allowing easily degradable carbon sources such as polysaccharides, proteins, and volatile fatty acids in sludge to fully dissolve into the water. The carbon-rich mixed liquor after decomposition is pressurized and transported by the second pump. One path is sent to the anoxic reaction zone through the second connecting pipe to supplement the denitrification carbon source, which can effectively replace the traditional external carbon source and significantly reduce the treatment and operation cost of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio wastewater. The other path is sent to the aerobic reaction zone through the first connecting pipe to participate in biochemical metabolism. This not only realizes the in-situ reduction of aged sludge, significantly reduces the production of residual sludge in the system, reduces the cost of sludge transportation and disposal and the risk of secondary pollution, but also forms a self-sufficient carbon source cycle within the system, ensuring the carbon source supply for the denitrification and phosphorus removal process.

[0017] The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor provided by this invention, through the arrangement of a wave-like stepped arc-shaped aeration component, wherein the arc-shaped cross-section aeration pipe, in conjunction with the first aeration hole on the outer circumference and the second aeration hole at the end, has a wider effective air distribution width, which can significantly expand the horizontal coverage range of a single pipe, and achieve uniform air distribution without gaps when multiple pipes are arranged side by side, thereby improving oxygen utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the height of the multiple aeration pipes increases in a wave-like stepped manner along the water flow direction, which can cover different water depths along the flow path, achieving uniform oxygenation in the vertical direction of the entire pool. At the same time, the staggered wave shape promotes the interlacing and collision of the rising trajectories of bubbles at different heights, prolonging the gas-liquid contact time and significantly improving oxygen transfer efficiency compared to a straight arrangement. Near the second baffle... The low-standard high-aeration pipes can concentrate at the bottom of the tank to form a stronger rising air column, further enhancing the airlift effect. Combined with the return hopper and the second return pipe, it realizes the non-powered internal return of nitrified liquid, eliminating the need for the nitrified liquid return pump in the traditional process, significantly reducing the energy consumption of the return process. Moreover, the whole-area disturbance formed by aeration can effectively prevent the sedimentation and compaction of sludge at the bottom of the tank. At the same time, the three-dimensional elastic biological packing material filled in the anoxic zone provides sufficient attachment and growth carrier for denitrifying bacteria, forming a two-phase biological system in which suspended activated sludge and attached biofilm coexist, greatly increasing the total amount of microorganisms per unit tank volume. Combined with the synergistic disturbance of multiple water flows of nitrified liquid return, activated sludge return and carbon-rich liquid replenishment, the denitrification effect is further enhanced, and the system's treatment load and operational stability are comprehensively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall right-side view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall left-side view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the pool body of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a front cross-sectional perspective view of the pool body of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional planar structure of the pool body of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional planar structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture: 1. Tank body; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Sorter; 4. First baffle; 5. First overflow trough; 6. First connecting pipe; 7. Second connecting pipe; 8. Three-dimensional elastic biological packing material; 9. Second baffle; 10. Second overflow trough; 11. Third baffle; 12. Guide plate; 13. Groove; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Third overflow trough; 16. Drain pipe; 17. First return pipe; 18. Suction pipe; 19. Air guide pipe; 20. Air inlet pipe; 21. First pump body; 22. 23. Sludge hopper; 24. L-shaped plate; 25. Second settling plate; 26. Sludge collection hopper; 27. Clear water zone; 28. Aeration plate; 29. ​​Aeration pipe; 30. Return hopper; 31. First aeration hole; 31. Sludge breaker; 3101. Feed section; 3102. Throat; 3103. Discharge section; 3104. Storage pipe section; 32. Ultrasonic transducer; 33. Second pump body; 34. First settling plate; 35. Second return pipe; 36. Mud baffle; 37. Third return pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-8 A biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor includes a tank body 1. Inside the tank body 1, a first partition 4, a second partition 9, and a connecting plate 14 are fixedly connected. The tank body 1 and the first partition 4 form an anaerobic zone. The first partition 4, the second partition 9, and the tank body 1 together form an anoxic reaction zone. The second partition 9, the connecting plate 14, and the tank body 1 together form an aerobic reaction zone. The connecting plate 14 and the tank body 1 form a gradient sedimentation zone. A water inlet pipe 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the tank body 1. A separator 3 is installed inside the tank body 1. The separator 3 is located in the anaerobic zone. A sludge hopper 22 for settling sludge is installed below the separator 3. The interior of the tank 1 is equipped with a three-dimensional elastic biological packing material 8, which fills the anoxic reaction zone. An L-shaped plate 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second partition 9. A second overflow trough 10 is opened on one side of the second partition 9 to facilitate the flow of sewage from the anoxic reaction zone into the aerobic reaction zone. A sludge crusher 31 for crushing old sludge is set below the L-shaped plate 23. A suction pipe 18 is inserted into the bottom end of the sludge hopper 22. The other end of the suction pipe 18 extends into the interior of the sludge crusher 31. A first pump body 21 for providing suction power to the suction pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the tank 1. The interior of tank 1 is equipped with an aeration component and a sedimentation component. The aeration component is located in the aerobic reaction zone, and the sedimentation component is located in the gradient sedimentation zone.

[0031] Furthermore, the separator 3 is spiral-shaped, with the inner diameter of the spiral gradually decreasing from top to bottom. One end of the inlet pipe 2 located inside the tank 1 is tangential to the inlet end of the separator 3. A first overflow trough 5 is provided on one side of the first partition 4 to facilitate the flow of sewage from the anaerobic zone into the anoxic reaction zone. The sewage is tangentially sent into the spiral separator 3 in the anaerobic zone of the tank 1 through the inlet pipe 2. The sewage forms a continuously enhanced swirling hydraulic field by means of the spiral flow channel of the separator 3, which gradually narrows from top to bottom. On the one hand, the centrifugal force causes the denser inert sludge and heavy particles to migrate to the tank wall and sink, eventually falling into the sludge hopper 22 below to complete in-situ concentration, achieving preliminary sludge sorting and effectively reducing the separation load of the subsequent sedimentation unit. On the other hand, the swirling water flow continuously agitates the water body, allowing the sewage to fully mix and contact with the anaerobic activated sludge, creating a stable anaerobic environment for polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, promoting the efficient decomposition of intracellular polyphosphate by polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria and releasing it into the water body, creating conditions for subsequent aerobic excessive phosphorus uptake.

[0032] Furthermore, the sludge crusher 31 includes a feed section 3101, a throat 3102, a discharge section 3103, and a storage pipe section 3104. The throat 3102 is located between the feed section 3101 and the discharge section 3103. The inner diameters of the throat 3102, the feed section 3101, and the discharge section 3103 gradually increase. An ultrasonic transducer 32 for vibrating and crushing old sludge is installed at the top of the storage pipe section 3104. A second pump body 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the storage pipe section 3104. A first connecting pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the pump body 33, with the other end of the first connecting pipe 6 located above the aerobic reaction zone. A second connecting pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the top of another second pump body 33, with the other end of the second connecting pipe 7 located within the anoxic reaction zone. The high-concentration aged sludge concentrated in the sludge hopper 22 is continuously fed into the sludge crusher 31 by the first pump body 21 through the suction pipe 18. The sludge first flows through the feed section 3101, throat 3102, and discharge section 3103, whose inner diameter first contracts and then expands, utilizing... Hydraulic cavitation is generated using the Venturi effect. The strong shear force and shock wave formed by the collapse of cavitation bubbles break up large sludge flocs and destroy most of the cell walls of microorganisms, completing the coarse crushing process. Then, it enters the storage pipe section 3104, where high-frequency ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 32 at the top generate an acoustic cavitation effect, which deeply breaks down the cell walls of the remaining bacteria. The synergistic effect of hydraulic cavitation and ultrasonic crushing can significantly improve the release efficiency of intracellular organic matter, allowing easily degradable carbon sources such as polysaccharides, proteins, and volatile fatty acids in the sludge to fully dissolve into the water. The crushed carbon-rich mixed liquor is pressurized and transported by the second pump body 33. One path is sent to the anoxic reaction zone through the second connecting pipe 7 to supplement the denitrification carbon source, and the other path is sent to the aerobic reaction zone through the first connecting pipe 6 to participate in biochemical metabolism. This not only realizes the in-situ resource utilization of aged sludge, significantly reduces the production of residual sludge in the system, and reduces the cost of sludge transportation and disposal and the risk of secondary pollution, but also forms a self-sufficiency of carbon source within the system, ensuring the denitrification effect of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio wastewater without the need for additional external carbon source addition.

[0033] Furthermore, the aeration assembly includes an aeration plate 27 disposed within the aerobic reaction zone. One side of the aeration plate 27 is fitted with equally spaced air inlet pipes 20. One end of each air inlet pipe 20 extending outside the tank body 1 is fixedly connected to an air guide pipe 19. The top of the aeration plate 27 is fitted with equally spaced aeration pipes 28. The cross-section of each aeration pipe 28 is arc-shaped, and a first aeration hole 30 is formed on the outer circumference of each aeration pipe 28. The end of each aeration pipe 28 furthest from the aeration plate 27 is... A second aeration hole is provided, and the height of the aeration pipe 28 increases in a wave-like stepped manner along the direction away from the second partition 9. After the anoxic reaction, the water rises along the tank body 1 to the second overflow trough 10 above the second partition 9 and flows by gravity into the aerobic reaction zone. External air is sent into the aeration plate 27 at the bottom through the air guide pipe 19 and the air inlet pipe 20. The aeration pipe 28 in the aerobic reaction zone adopts an arc-shaped cross-section design, and the outer circumference of the pipe body is evenly distributed with the first aeration hole 30 and the aeration hole 30 away from the second partition 9. A second aeration hole is opened at the end of the plate 27, and the overall height of the multiple aeration pipes 28 increases in a wave-like stepped manner along the water flow direction away from the second partition 9, forming an aeration structure that is optimized by the pipe shape, hole layout, and elevation arrangement. The arc-shaped pipe has a wider effective air distribution width, which can significantly expand the horizontal coverage of a single pipe and achieve uniform air distribution without gaps when multiple pipes are arranged side by side, thus improving oxygen utilization efficiency. The wave-like stepped elevation arrangement can cover different water depth levels along the water flow direction, achieving uniform oxygenation in the vertical direction of the entire pool. The staggered wave shape can also cause the rising trajectories of bubbles at different heights to intersect and collide, prolonging the gas-liquid contact time and significantly improving oxygen transfer efficiency compared to a straight arrangement. At the same time, the low-elevation aeration pipes 28 near the second partition 9 can be concentrated at the bottom of the pool to form a stronger rising air column, precisely enhancing the air lift effect and improving the flow rate and stability of the nitrified liquid internal recirculation.

[0034] Furthermore, a return hopper 29 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second partition 9. The cross-section of the return hopper 29 is an isosceles trapezoid. A second return pipe 35 with equal spacing is inserted into one side of the return hopper 29. The second return pipe 35 is located in the anoxic reaction zone. The nitrified liquid at the bottom of the aerobic zone is raised into the return hopper 29 and then flows back to the anoxic reaction zone without power through the second return pipe 35. This eliminates the need for the nitrified liquid return pump in the traditional process, greatly reducing the energy consumption of the return process. Moreover, the global disturbance formed by aeration can effectively prevent the sludge at the bottom of the tank from settling and hardening.

[0035] Furthermore, the settling assembly includes a first settling plate 34 disposed within the gradient settling zone. A guide plate 12 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the first settling plate 34. The guide plate 12 has a wavy cross-section, and a groove 13 with an arc-shaped cross-section is formed on the top outer wall of the guide plate 12. A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the guide plate 12, and a second settling plate 24 is fixedly connected to the other end of the reinforcing plate. The second settling plate 24 is located directly below the first settling plate 34, and the inclination of the second settling plate 24 is greater than that of the first settling plate 34. The sludge-water mixture that has undergone aerobic treatment flows smoothly into the gradient settling zone through the third overflow channel 15 above the connecting plate 14. The water flow first passes through the upper first settling plate 34, and with the help of the wavy guide plate 12 with the arc-shaped groove 13 above, the flow is stabilized and rectified, reducing the interference of water flow turbulence on the settling process. The newly formed highly active sludge flocs with slower settling speed are intercepted at the upper first settling plate 34 with a small inclination angle. The continuously arranged arc-shaped grooves 13 can buffer and rectify the rising water flow in stages, quickly weakening the turbulent kinetic energy carried by the water in the aerobic zone, and promoting the smooth transition of the water flow to a laminar state. This avoids the turbulence from stirring up the settled sludge flocs, creating a stable hydraulic environment for sludge stratification and effectively improving the sludge-water separation efficiency and effluent clarity. At the same time, multiple local low-velocity stagnant zones will be formed inside the grooves 13, which can capture newly formed highly active sludge flocs with smaller particle size and slower settling speed in the water, prolonging the residence time of micro-flocs near the plate surface, promoting collision and aggregation between flocs and particle size growth, significantly improving the capture rate of highly active sludge, reducing the loss of effective microorganisms with the effluent, and ensuring the biomass and activity of the subsequent returned sludge. For aged inert sludge with high density and fast settling speed, it passes through the upper flow channel and settles rapidly at the second settling plate 24 with a large inclination angle in the lower layer, thereby achieving in-situ precise separation of highly active sludge and aged sludge.

[0036] Furthermore, a third partition 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the guide plate 12. The third partition 11 and the three inner walls of the pool body 1 enclose a clear water zone 26. A drain pipe 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the pool body 1. The other end of the drain pipe 16 is located inside the clear water zone 26. A third overflow trough 15 is opened on one side of the connecting plate 14. The supernatant that has completed the separation of mud and water in the gradient sedimentation zone rises and overflows into the clear water zone 26 formed by the separation of the third partition 11, and is stably discharged from the device by the drain pipe 16.

[0037] Furthermore, a sludge collection hopper 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate 14. The sludge collection hopper 25 is located below the second settling plate 24. A first return pipe 17 is inserted into the bottom end of the sludge collection hopper 25. The first return pipe 17 is inclined. The end of the first return pipe 17 away from the sludge collection hopper 25 is inserted into the interior of the sludge hopper 22. The aged sludge that settles in the lower layer gathers into the sludge collection hopper 25 at the bottom and is transported to the sludge hopper 22 at the bottom of the anaerobic zone through the inclined first return pipe 17 for further concentration, so as to provide high-concentration feed for the subsequent cracking unit to improve the treatment efficiency.

[0038] Example 2 Please see Figure 9 Compared to Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor also includes a baffle plate 36 fixedly connected to one end of the first settling plate 34. A third return pipe 37 with equal spacing is inserted into one side of the baffle plate 36. The third return pipe 37 is inclined and the other end of the third return pipe 37 extends into the anoxic reaction zone. The highly active sludge enriched in the upper layer is collected by the baffle plate 36 and then flows back to the front end of the anoxic reaction zone by gravity through the inclined third return pipe 37. This directionally replenishes the system with highly active microorganisms and avoids the accumulation and dilution of bacterial activity by aging and inert sludge in the main reaction zone.

[0039] In summary, with the help of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, when in use, the sewage is tangentially sent into the spiral separator 3 in the anaerobic zone of the tank 1 through the inlet pipe 2. The sewage forms a continuously enhanced swirling hydraulic field by means of the spiral flow channel of the separator 3, which gradually narrows from top to bottom. On the one hand, the centrifugal force causes the denser inert sludge and heavy particles to migrate to the tank wall and sink, and finally fall into the sludge hopper 22 below to complete in-situ concentration, realize the preliminary sludge separation, and effectively reduce the separation load of the subsequent sedimentation unit. On the other hand, the swirling water flow continuously agitates the water body, so that the sewage and anaerobic activated sludge are fully mixed and contacted, creating a stable anaerobic environment for polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, promoting the efficient decomposition of intracellular polyphosphate by polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria and releasing it into the water body, creating conditions for subsequent aerobic excessive phosphorus uptake. Subsequently, the sludge-water mixture that has completed anaerobic phosphorus release rises to the first overflow trough 5 above the first baffle 4 and flows into the anoxic reaction zone by gravity due to the liquid level difference. The three-dimensional elastic biological packing material 8 filled in the zone provides sufficient attachment and growth carriers for denitrifying bacteria, forming a two-phase biological system in which suspended activated sludge and attached biofilm coexist, which greatly increases the total amount of microorganisms per unit tank volume, thereby effectively enhancing the system's ability to resist water quality and quantity shocks. At the same time, the nitrified liquid from the aerobic zone is continuously sent to the lower part of the anoxic zone through the return hopper 29 and the second return pipe 35, the highly active sludge selected from the gradient sedimentation zone is sent to the front end of the anoxic zone through the third return pipe 37, and the carbon-rich liquid produced by the sludge breaking unit is supplemented to the anoxic zone through the second connecting pipe 7. The coordinated disturbance of multiple water flows avoids sludge deposition at the bottom of the tank, allowing denitrifying bacteria to make full use of the influent carbon source and the internal carbon source released by sludge breaking, reducing nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas to complete the denitrification process. This can effectively replace the traditional external carbon source and reduce the treatment and operation costs of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio wastewater. After undergoing the anoxic reaction, the water rises along the tank body 1 to the second overflow trough 10 above the second baffle 9, and flows by gravity into the aerobic reaction zone. External air is delivered to the aeration plate 27 at the bottom via the air guide pipe 19 and the air inlet pipe 20. The aeration pipes 28 in the aerobic reaction zone adopt an arc-shaped cross-section design. The outer circumference of the pipe is evenly distributed with first aeration holes 30, and the end away from the aeration plate 27 has a second aeration hole. The overall height of the multiple aeration pipes 28 increases in a wave-like stepped manner along the water flow direction away from the second baffle 9, forming a triple-optimized aeration structure in terms of pipe shape, hole layout, and elevation arrangement. The arc-shaped cross-section of the pipe has a wider effective air distribution width, which can significantly expand the horizontal coverage of a single pipe and achieve uniform air distribution throughout the entire area without gaps when multiple pipes are arranged side by side, thereby improving oxygen utilization. In terms of efficiency, the wave-like stepped elevation arrangement can cover different water depth levels along the water flow direction, achieving uniform oxygenation in the vertical direction of the entire pool. The staggered wave shape can also cause the rising trajectories of bubbles at different heights to intersect and collide, prolonging the gas-liquid contact time and significantly improving oxygen transfer efficiency compared to a straight arrangement. At the same time, the low-elevation high-aeration pipe 28 near the second baffle 9 can concentrate at the bottom of the pool to form a stronger rising air column, precisely enhancing the air lift effect and improving the flow rate and stability of the nitrified liquid internal recirculation without power. Subsequently, the nitrified liquid at the bottom of the aerobic zone is lifted into the return hopper 29, and then flows back to the anoxic reaction zone without power through the second return pipe 35. This eliminates the need for the nitrified liquid return pump in the traditional process, greatly reducing the energy consumption of the return process. Moreover, the whole-area disturbance formed by aeration can effectively prevent the sedimentation and caking of sludge at the bottom of the pool. The sludge-water mixture, after aerobic treatment, flows smoothly into the gradient settling zone through the third overflow trough 15 above the connecting plate 14. The water first passes through the upper first settling plate 34, where it is stabilized and rectified by the wave-shaped guide plate 12 with arc-shaped grooves 13, reducing the interference of water turbulence on the settling process. The newly formed, highly active sludge flocs with slower settling velocity are intercepted and enriched at the upper first settling plate 34 with a small inclination angle. The continuously arranged arc-shaped grooves 13 can form a step-by-step buffer and rectification for the rising water flow, quickly reducing the turbulent kinetic energy carried by the water from the aerobic zone, promoting a smooth transition of the water flow to a laminar flow state, and preventing turbulence from stirring up the already settled sludge flocs, thus creating a stable environment for sludge stratification and settling. The well-defined hydraulic environment effectively improves the efficiency of sludge-water separation and the clarity of the effluent. At the same time, multiple local low-velocity stagnant zones are formed inside the groove 13, which can capture newly formed highly active sludge flocs with small particle size and slow settling speed in the water. This prolongs the residence time of micro-flocs near the plate surface, promotes the collision and aggregation between flocs and the increase in particle size, significantly improves the capture rate of highly active sludge, reduces the loss of effective microorganisms with the effluent, and ensures the biomass and activity of the subsequent returned sludge. For aged inert sludge with high density and fast settling speed, it passes through the upper flow channel and settles rapidly at the second settling plate 24 with a large inclination angle in the lower layer. This achieves in-situ precise separation of highly active sludge and aged sludge. The highly active sludge enriched in the upper layer is collected by the baffle plate 36 and then flows back to the front end of the anoxic reaction zone by gravity through the inclined third return pipe 37. This directionally replenishes the system with highly active microorganisms and prevents the accumulation and dilution of bacterial activity by aging and inert sludge in the main reaction zone. The aging sludge that settles in the lower layer is collected in the bottom sludge collection hopper 25 and then transported to the sludge hopper 22 at the bottom of the anaerobic zone through the inclined first return pipe 17 for further concentration. This provides a high-concentration feed for the subsequent cracking unit to improve treatment efficiency. The high-concentration aged sludge concentrated in the sludge hopper 22 is continuously fed into the sludge breaker 31 by the first pump body 21 through the suction pipe 18. The sludge first flows through the feed section 3101, throat 3102, and discharge section 3103, whose inner diameter first narrows and then expands. Utilizing the Venturi effect to generate hydraulic cavitation, the strong shear force and shock wave generated by the collapse of cavitation bubbles break up large sludge flocs and destroy most of the microbial cell walls, completing the coarse crushing process. Subsequently, it enters the storage pipe section 3104, where the ultrasonic transducer 32 at the top emits high-frequency ultrasonic waves to generate acoustic cavitation, deeply breaking down the remaining microbial cells. The synergistic effect of hydraulic cavitation and ultrasonic breaking can significantly improve the release efficiency of intracellular organic matter, making the polysaccharides and proteins in the sludge more readily available. Volatile fatty acids and other easily degradable carbon sources are fully dissolved in the water. The carbon-rich mixture after decomposition is pressurized and transported by the second pump body 33. One path is sent to the anoxic reaction zone through the second connecting pipe 7 to supplement the denitrification carbon source, and the other path is sent to the aerobic reaction zone through the first connecting pipe 6 to participate in biochemical metabolism. This not only realizes the in-situ resource utilization of aged sludge, but also significantly reduces the production of residual sludge in the system, reduces the cost of sludge transportation and disposal, and the risk of secondary pollution. It also forms a self-sufficiency of carbon source within the system, ensuring the denitrification effect of low carbon-nitrogen ratio wastewater without the need for additional external carbon source addition. Finally, the supernatant that has completed the sludge-water separation in the gradient sedimentation zone rises and overflows into the clear water zone 26 formed by the third baffle 11, and is stably discharged from the device through the drain pipe 16.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor, comprising a tank (1), characterized in that, The pool body (1) is fixedly connected to a first partition (4), a second partition (9), and a connecting plate (14). The pool body (1) and the first partition (4) form an anaerobic zone. The first partition (4), the second partition (9), and the pool body (1) together form an anoxic reaction zone. The second partition (9), the connecting plate (14), and the pool body (1) together form an aerobic reaction zone. The connecting plate (14) and the pool body (1) together form a gradient sedimentation zone. A water inlet pipe (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the pool (1). A separator (3) is installed inside the pool (1). The separator (3) is located in the anaerobic zone. A sludge hopper (22) for settling sludge is installed below the separator (3). The interior of the pool (1) is provided with a three-dimensional elastic biological packing material (8), which is filled in the anoxic reaction zone. An L-shaped plate (23) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second partition (9). A second overflow trough (10) is opened on one side of the second partition (9) to facilitate the flow of sewage from the anoxic reaction zone into the aerobic reaction zone. A sludge crusher (31) for crushing old sludge is provided below the L-shaped plate (23). A suction pipe (18) is inserted into the bottom end of the sludge hopper (22). The other end of the suction pipe (18) extends into the interior of the sludge crusher (31). A first pump body (21) for providing suction kinetic energy to the suction pipe (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the pool (1). The tank (1) is equipped with an aeration component and a sedimentation component. The aeration component is located in the aerobic reaction zone, and the sedimentation component is located in the gradient sedimentation zone.

2. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separator (3) is spiral-shaped, and the inner diameter of the separator (3) gradually decreases from top to bottom. The end of the inlet pipe (2) located inside the pool body (1) is tangent to the inlet end of the separator (3). A first overflow trough (5) is provided on one side of the first partition (4) to facilitate the flow of anaerobic wastewater into the anoxic reaction zone.

3. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sludge crusher (31) includes a feed section (3101), a throat (3102), a discharge section (3103), and a storage pipe section (3104). The throat (3102) is located between the feed section (3101) and the discharge section (3103). The inner diameters of the throat (3102), the feed section (3101), and the discharge section (3103) gradually increase. An ultrasonic transducer (32) for vibrating and crushing old sludge is provided at the top of the storage pipe section (3104). A second pump body (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the storage pipe section (3104). A first connecting pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the second pump body (33). The other end of the first connecting pipe (6) is located above the aerobic reaction zone. A second connecting pipe (7) is fixedly connected to the top of another second pump body (33). The other end of the second connecting pipe (7) is located in the anoxic reaction zone.

4. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration assembly includes an aeration plate (27) set in the aerobic reaction zone. An air inlet pipe (20) with equal spacing is inserted into one side of the aeration plate (27). An air guide pipe (19) is fixedly connected to one end of the air inlet pipe (20) extending to the outside of the pool body (1). An aeration pipe (28) with equal spacing is inserted into the top of the aeration plate (27).

5. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the aeration pipe (28) is arc-shaped. The outer circumference of the aeration pipe (28) is provided with a first aeration hole (30). The end of the aeration pipe (28) away from the aeration plate (27) is provided with a second aeration hole. The height of the aeration pipe (28) increases in a wave-like step-like manner along the direction away from the second partition (9).

6. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, A reflux hopper (29) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the second partition (9). The cross-section of the reflux hopper (29) is an isosceles trapezoid. A second reflux pipe (35) with equal spacing is inserted into one side of the reflux hopper (29). The second reflux pipe (35) is located in the hypoxia reaction zone.

7. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The settling assembly includes a first settling plate (34) disposed in the gradient settling zone. A guide plate (12) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the first settling plate (34). The guide plate (12) has a wavy cross-section. A groove (13) with an arc cross-section is opened on the top outer wall of the guide plate (12). A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the guide plate (12). A second settling plate (24) is fixedly connected to the other end of the reinforcing plate. The second settling plate (24) is located directly below the first settling plate (34). The inclination of the second settling plate (24) is greater than that of the first settling plate (34).

8. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, A third partition (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the guide plate (12). The third partition (11) and the three inner walls of the pool body (1) enclose a clear water area (26). A drain pipe (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the pool body (1). The other end of the drain pipe (16) is located inside the clear water area (26). A third overflow trough (15) is provided on one side of the connecting plate (14).

9. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, A sludge collection hopper (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the connecting plate (14). The sludge collection hopper (25) is located below the second settling plate (24). A first return pipe (17) is inserted into the bottom end of the sludge collection hopper (25). The first return pipe (17) is inclined. The end of the first return pipe (17) away from the sludge collection hopper (25) is inserted into the interior of the sludge hopper (22).

10. The biological sludge recycling wastewater treatment reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that, One end of the first settling plate (34) is fixedly connected to a mudguard (36), and a third return pipe (37) with equal spacing is inserted into one side of the mudguard (36). The third return pipe (37) is inclined, and the other end of the third return pipe (37) extends into the anoxic reaction zone.

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