Annular megawatt power combiner

Abstract

The utility model discloses an annular megawatt-level power combiner, which comprises two groups of N-path coaxial waveguide power combiners for realizing N-in-one and one group of 2-path power combiners for realizing 2-in-one, each group of N-path coaxial waveguide power combiners comprises N coaxial input ports, N waveguide tubes and N-1 waveguide elbows; the N coaxial input ports are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the N waveguide tubes, and every two waveguide tubes are connected through a waveguide elbow, so that each group of N coaxial waveguide power combiners form a semi-ring structure; the output ends of the two groups of N-path coaxial waveguide power combiners are connected with the input end of the two-path power combiner, and a twisted waveguide is additionally arranged at the output end of the two-path power combiner, so that the output end of the two-path power combiner rotates by 90 degrees to form the output end of the annular megawatt-level power combiner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of electronic information / radio frequency / high-power passive devices, and specifically relates to a ring-shaped megawatt-level power synthesizer. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-high power combiners are an important component of ultra-high power radio frequency systems and have important applications in basic scientific research, nuclear physics, military, agriculture, medical and other fields. Ultra-high power combiners combine the output power of multiple power sources, and the power can reach hundreds of kilowatts or even megawatts. In order to achieve the required power level, some power combination systems need to combine the output power of hundreds or even thousands of power amplifier units for application, which requires the development of a power combination system with multiple inputs.

[0003] Power combiners have various structures and types. According to the power level, power combiners can be divided into chip-level power combiners, circuit-level power combiners, spatial power combiners, and other power combiners. Among them, circuit-level power combiners are a type of power combiner with moderate power levels, which are suitable for combining and applying the output power of multiple power amplifier modules. According to whether a resonant cavity is included, circuit-level power combiners can be divided into resonant cavity power combiners and nonresonant cavity power combiners. The classification of power combiners is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0004] In various high-power and ultra-high-power RF systems, commonly used high-power synthesizers include the following structures.

[0005] (1) Binary multi-channel power combiner, also known as tree-shaped power combiner. This type of power combiner is composed of 2N-1 two-channel power combining units in cascade, which can achieve N-channel power combination. The two-channel power combining unit can be a structure with high isolation at the input port, such as Wilkinson / Gysel combiner unit, 3dB coupler unit, or waveguide magic T; it can also be a structure without high isolation at the input port, such as a coaxial or waveguide impedance conversion two-channel combining unit. Binary multi-channel power combiners are generally flat plate-shaped structures.

[0006] (2) Resonant cavity multi-channel power combiner. This type of power combiner contains a cylindrical or rectangular resonant cavity, and each input port is located on the side wall of the resonant cavity. This type of power combiner can combine hundreds of input powers. The combiner is generally cylindrical or flat.

[0007] (3) Non-resonant radial multi-channel power combiner. This type of combiner includes an axisymmetric power combining part and an impedance transformation part, and each input port is located on the side wall of the combiner. The non-resonant radial multi-channel power combiner is generally an axisymmetric columnar structure.

[0008] (4) Chain power combiner. This type of power combiner contains N power combining units, which realize N-way power combining step by step. Common chain power combiners include coupler cascade type, impedance conversion type, coaxial waveguide type and other structures. Chain combiners are generally linear structures.

[0009] It can be seen that the common high-power multi-channel combiners mentioned above are generally in the form of linear, cylindrical, plate, etc. The traditional power combiner structure lacks a multi-channel power combiner with a ring structure. Utility Model Content

[0010] Purpose of the utility model: To solve the problem of lack of multi-channel power synthesizers with annular structure in traditional power synthesizer structures, the utility model proposes an annular megawatt-class power synthesizer. The entire power input port is in the axial direction of the ring, and multiple power sources are arranged in a ring, which can meet the requirements of the entire pulse power system. The rated power of the synthesizer exceeds 60MW.

[0011] Technical solution: A ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, including two groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners for realizing N-in-1 and one group of 2-way power combiners for realizing 2-in-1;

[0012] Each group of the N-way coaxial waveguide power combiner comprises: N coaxial input units, N waveguide cavities and N-1 waveguide elbows; the N coaxial input units are respectively arranged on the N waveguide cavities, and every two waveguide cavities are connected by a waveguide elbow, so that each group of the N-way coaxial waveguide power combiner forms a semi-ring structure; a waveguide short-circuit unit is arranged at the tail end of each group of the N-way coaxial waveguide power combiner;

[0013] The output ends of two groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners are connected to the input ends of a 2-way power combiner. A twisted waveguide is added to the output end of the 2-way power combiner to rotate the output end of the 2-way power combiner by 90° to form the output end of a ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, and finally a 2N-way power combiner is realized.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the coaxial input units includes an inner conductor and a straight waveguide tube; the inner conductor extends deep into the straight waveguide tube.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the coaxial input units is a mushroom head probe coupling structure.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the coaxial input units is a T-ring coupling structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the waveguide elbow is a WR340 150° waveguide elbow.

[0018] Furthermore, the twist waveguide is a WR340 twist waveguide.

[0019] The utility model also proposes a ring-shaped megawatt-class power synthesizer, comprising two groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power synthesizers for realizing N-in-1 and one group of 2-way power synthesizers for realizing 2-in-1;

[0020] Each group of the N-way coaxial waveguide power combiner comprises: N coaxial input units and a waveguide cavity with a semi-annular integrated structure, and the N coaxial input units are installed on the waveguide cavity at equal intervals; a waveguide short-circuit unit is provided at the tail end of each group of the N-way coaxial waveguide power combiner;

[0021] The output ends of two groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners are connected to the input ends of a 2-way power combiner. A twisted waveguide is added to the output end of the 2-way power combiner to rotate the output end of the 2-way power combiner by 90° to form the output end of a ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, and finally a 2N-way power combiner is realized.

[0022] Beneficial effect: The utility model proposes a ring-shaped megawatt-class power synthesizer, in which the entire power input port is in the axial direction of the ring, and multiple power sources are arranged in a ring. While solving the problem of the lack of a multi-channel power synthesizer with a ring structure in the traditional power synthesizer structure, it meets the requirements of the entire pulse power system, and the rated power of the synthesizer exceeds 60MW. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the division of the power combiner;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a 3GHz 6MW 10-way power combiner proposed in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 A front view of a 3GHz 6MW 10-way power combiner proposed in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 A top view of a 3GHz 6MW 10-way power combiner proposed in this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5This is a left side view of a 3GHz 6MW 10-way power combiner proposed in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is now further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes a ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, specifically a 3GHz 6MW 10-way power combiner, which is a core part in a 60MW pulse power system, and mainly includes: 2 sets of 5-way coaxial waveguide power combiners and 1 set of WR650 E-plane waveguide 2-way power combiner 1; in fact, the power synthesis of the 3GHz 6MW 10-way power combiner proposed in this embodiment is completed in 2 stages, the first stage is 5-in-1, and the second stage is 2-in-1.

[0030] Each set of 5-way coaxial waveguide power synthesizers includes: 5 coaxial input units 2, 5 waveguide cavities 6, 4 WR340 150° waveguide elbows 3 and a WR340 waveguide short-circuit unit 4; every two waveguide cavities are connected by a WR340 150° waveguide elbow 3, so that the 5-way coaxial waveguide power synthesizer has a "semi-ring" structure. Specifically, the tail end of each set of 5-way coaxial waveguide power synthesizer, that is, the position farthest from the WR650 E-surface waveguide 2-way power synthesizer 1, is a section of the road surface, and the WR340 waveguide short-circuit unit 4 is arranged at the tail end of each set of 5-way coaxial waveguide power synthesizer. Two sets of 5-way coaxial waveguide power synthesizers and one set of WR650E-surface waveguide 2-way power synthesizer are connected to form a 3GHz6MW 10-way power synthesizer. The 5 waveguide cavities and 4 WR340 150° waveguide elbows 3 of this embodiment can be replaced by a waveguide cavity with a semi-ring integrated structure.

[0031] The coaxial input unit used in this embodiment is an input port with EIA 1 5 / 8" straight port specification, which is connected to the power source. The specific structure is a mushroom head probe coupling structure. 10 coaxial input units are respectively connected to 10 power sources. The output power of each power source is not less than 600kW (pulse power), and the output power of the power combiner is not less than 6MW. Each set of mushroom head probe coupling structure includes a coaxial port, a coaxial inner conductor (mushroom head) and a straight waveguide. By adjusting the depth of the coaxial inner conductor penetrating into the straight waveguide and the size of the mushroom head, the coupling amount of the power combiner input port can be adjusted to meet the input and output coupling matching requirements of the combiner.

[0032] The WR340 150° waveguide elbow used in this embodiment realizes the structure of the synthesizer "turning" into a "half ring". In order to ensure the excellent indicators of the waveguide elbow, especially to ensure good matching of the elbow port, the size of the elbow cutting angle needs to be carefully optimized.

[0033] The size of the WR340 waveguide short-circuit unit used in this embodiment also needs to be carefully optimized to ensure that the 5-way coaxial waveguide power combiner has excellent indicators.

[0034] In this embodiment, a WR340 twist waveguide 5 is added to the output port of the WR650 E-plane waveguide 2-way power combiner, so that the WR340 waveguide port outputted by the 10-way power combiner is rotated 90° to meet the connection requirements of the power feed-in interface.

[0035] The phases from each input port to the output port of the ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner proposed in this embodiment are equal. The main technical parameters of the ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner proposed in this embodiment are as follows:

[0036] The center frequency of the power synthesizer is 3GHz and the operating bandwidth is not less than 10MHz.

[0037] Rated power: 60MW, the entire system includes 10 power feed-in points, each with an input power of 6MW;

[0038] Power characteristics: pulse power, duty cycle ≤1%;

[0039] Amplifier unit interface specification: EIA 1 5 / 8” straight port;

[0040] Power feed point interface specification: WR340 waveguide interface;

[0041] Structural requirements: The entire system is in a "tower shape", with the feed waveguide located at the axis of the "tower", the power combiner and the power amplifier unit on the outside of the "tower", surrounding the feed waveguide; the power feeding points are arranged at equal intervals up and down with a spacing of 150mm; the WR340 waveguide port of each power feeding point has its waveguide wide side perpendicular to the axis of the feed waveguide.

[0042] The amplitude of each input to output of the ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner proposed in this embodiment is -6.99±0.1dB, and the amplitude consistency is excellent; the phase of each input to output is in phase, and the variation range does not exceed ±2°, and the amplitude consistency is excellent. Its output port reflection loss is greater than 26dB at the center frequency and greater than 20dB in the entire passband, and the output port matching is excellent. The overall insertion loss of the power combiner is less than 0.1dB, and the synthesis efficiency is extremely high.

[0043] The operating frequency of the power combiner proposed in this embodiment is 3 GHz, which does not affect the use of the structure described in this embodiment in power combiners with other operating frequencies.

[0044] The power combiner proposed in this embodiment includes 10 inputs, which does not affect the use of the structure described in this embodiment in power combiners with other numbers of inputs.

[0045] Each input interface of the power combiner proposed in this embodiment is a mushroom probe coupling structure, which does not affect the use of the structure described in this embodiment in power combiners with other input interface structures (such as T-ring coupling structure).

[0046] The input interface of the power combiner proposed in this embodiment is of EIA 1 5 / 8” specification, and the output interface is of WR340 waveguide flange interface specification, which does not affect the use of the structure described in this embodiment in power combiners of other input interface and output interface specifications.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, characterized in that: It includes 2 groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners for realizing N-in-1 and 1 group of 2-way power combiners for realizing 2-in-1; Each group of the N-channel coaxial waveguide power combiners comprises: N coaxial input units, N waveguide cavities and N-1 waveguide elbows; N coaxial input units are respectively arranged on N waveguide cavities, and every two waveguide cavities are connected by a waveguide elbow, so that each group of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners forms a semi-ring structure, and a waveguide short-circuit unit is arranged at the tail end of each group of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners; The output ends of two groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners are connected to the input ends of a 2-way power combiner. A twisted waveguide is added to the output end of the 2-way power combiner to rotate the output end of the 2-way power combiner by 90° to form the output end of a ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, and finally a 2N-way power combiner is realized.

2. The ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the coaxial input units includes an inner conductor and a straight waveguide; the inner conductor extends deep into the straight waveguide.

3. The ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the coaxial input units is a mushroom head probe coupling structure.

4. The ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the coaxial input units is a T-ring coupling structure.

5. The ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide elbow is a WR340 150° waveguide elbow.

6. The ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The twist waveguide is a WR340 twist waveguide.

7. A ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, characterized in that: It includes 2 groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners for realizing N-in-1 and 1 group of 2-way power combiners for realizing 2-in-1; Each group of the N-channel coaxial waveguide power combiner comprises: N coaxial input units and a waveguide cavity with a semi-annular integrated structure, and the N coaxial input units are installed on the waveguide cavity at equal intervals; A waveguide short-circuit unit is provided at the tail end of each group of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners; The output ends of two groups of N-way coaxial waveguide power combiners are connected to the input ends of a 2-way power combiner. A twisted waveguide is added to the output end of the 2-way power combiner to rotate the output end of the 2-way power combiner by 90° to form the output end of a ring-shaped megawatt-class power combiner, and finally a 2N-way power combiner is realized.

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