Complex curved surface laser rotary cutting self-adaptive drilling device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing, and discloses a complex curved surface laser rotary cutting self-adaptive drilling device which comprises a base, a first right-angle prism and a second right-angle prism are fixed on the front side of a supporting plate through bolts, a supporting cylinder is fixed on the front side of the supporting plate through bolts, and the first right-angle prism and the second right-angle prism are fixed on the base through bolts. Supports are symmetrically fixed to the two inner walls of the supporting cylinder, a Dove prism rotary scanning mechanism is fixed between the two supports, and a self-adaptive adjusting control machining mechanism is fixed to the bottom of one support. According to the laser rotary-cut self-adaptive drilling device for the complex curved surface, through the efficient rotary scanning characteristic of the Dove prism, the machining mechanism is controlled through real-time monitoring and self-adaptive adjustment of the displacement detection unit, self-adaptive rotary-cut machining of the complex curved surface is achieved, the rotation speed of a laser beam is increased through rotation of the Dove prism, and the machining precision is improved. Compared with other methods, the punching efficiency is doubled, and the overall efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing technology, specifically to an adaptive drilling device for laser rotary cutting of complex curved surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing technology plays an increasingly important role in industrial manufacturing due to its high precision and non-contact processing characteristics. Particularly in the field of rotary drilling, laser processing technology provides an effective solution. Laser rotary drilling is a process that uses a laser beam to rotate and cut along the surface of a material. It can produce high-precision, high-cleanliness holes and is widely used in industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and medical devices. This technology can handle complex shapes and materials that are difficult to achieve with traditional machining, but it also faces challenges in terms of processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] The core of laser rotary cutting and drilling technology lies in using a laser beam to locally heat the material, causing it to melt or evaporate, thereby forming a hole. This process typically involves a high-power laser, a sophisticated optical system, and a control system. During the rotary cutting process, the laser beam is focused and guided to the workpiece surface by the optical system, and then rotates along a predetermined trajectory to achieve continuous cutting. This processing method can reduce the mechanical stress and thermal effects on the material, but it places higher demands on the stability, focusing accuracy, and trajectory control of the laser beam.

[0004] Despite its many advantages, laser rotary drilling technology still faces limitations in practical applications. Maintaining precise alignment between the laser focus and the machining surface becomes extremely difficult, particularly when dealing with complex curved surfaces. Furthermore, existing laser processing equipment often lacks real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to maintain consistent processing quality when faced with variations in surface curvature or material inhomogeneity. Therefore, improving the accuracy and adaptability of laser rotary drilling, especially in the machining of complex curved surfaces, has become a key focus of technological development. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive drilling device for laser rotary cutting of complex curved surfaces, which can achieve high-precision laser rotary cutting and drilling of complex curved surfaces. Through real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment mechanism, it ensures the precise alignment of the laser focus with the processed curved surface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a complex curved surface laser rotary cutting adaptive drilling device, comprising a base, a support plate and a laser emitter fixed on the upper end face of the base, a first right-angle prism and a second right-angle prism fixed on the front side of the support plate by bolts, a laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism fixed on the front side of the support plate, a support cylinder fixed on the front side of the support plate by bolts, brackets symmetrically fixed on the two inner walls of the support cylinder, a Daowei prism rotation scanning mechanism fixed between the two brackets, and an adaptive adjustment control processing mechanism fixed at the bottom of one of the brackets.

[0007] Preferably, the laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism includes a motor, which is fixed to the front side of the support plate. The output end of the motor is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic, and a wedge prism is fixed to the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic.

[0008] Preferably, the Daowei prism rotating scanning mechanism includes a stator and a rotating cylinder, with the stator fixed between two supports. An annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the stator, and the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected in the annular groove. A rotor is fixed on the outer side of the rotating cylinder, and a Daowei prism, a first optical wedge, a second optical wedge, and a third optical wedge are fixed on the inner side of the rotating cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment control processing mechanism includes an electric telescopic column, which is fixed to the bottom of one of the supports, and a movable cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the electric telescopic column.

[0010] Preferably, a dynamic focusing lens and a circular position-sensitive detector are fixed on the inner side of the moving cylinder, and a CCD camera and an air blowing device are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the moving cylinder, respectively.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] 1. This adaptive laser rotary drilling device for complex curved surfaces utilizes the high-efficiency rotary scanning characteristics of the Daowei prism, combined with real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment control of the displacement detection unit to achieve the machining of complex surfaces.

[0013] The adaptive rotary cutting process for curved surfaces, combined with the rotation of the Daowei prism, increases the rotation speed of the laser beam, doubling the drilling efficiency compared to other methods, and significantly improving the overall efficiency.

[0014] 2. This adaptive drilling device for laser rotary cutting of complex curved surfaces is compact in design and easy to operate. It is suitable for laser processing of various complex curved surfaces, and performs particularly well in high-precision processing requirements in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, medical device and other fields. Through this utility model, high-precision and high-efficiency laser rotary cutting and drilling of complex curved surfaces can be achieved, which has important industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 is a frontal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this utility model viewed from below;

[0017] Figure 3 is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support plate; 3. Laser emitter; 4. First right-angle prism; 5. Second right-angle prism; 6. Laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism; 601. Motor; 602. Piezoelectric ceramic; 603. Wedge prism; 7. Support cylinder; 8. Bracket; 9. Daowei prism rotation scanning mechanism; 901. Stator; 902. Rotating cylinder; 903. Annular groove; 904. Rotor; 905. Daowei prism; 906. First optical wedge; 907. Second optical wedge; 908. Third optical wedge; 10. Adaptive adjustment control processing mechanism; 1001. Electric telescopic column; 1002. Moving cylinder; 1003. Dynamic focusing lens; 1004. Circular position-sensitive detector; 1005. CCD camera; 1006. Air blowing device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-3. This utility model provides a technical solution: a complex curved surface laser rotary cutting adaptive drilling device, including a base 1, a support plate 2 and a laser emitter 3 fixed on the upper end surface of the base 1, a first right-angle prism 4 and a second right-angle prism 5 fixed on the front side of the support plate 2 by bolts, a laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism 6 fixed on the front side of the support plate 2, a support cylinder 7 fixed on the front side of the support plate 2 by bolts, brackets 8 symmetrically fixed on the two inner walls of the support cylinder 7, a Daowei prism rotation scanning mechanism 9 fixed between the two brackets 8, and an adaptive adjustment control processing mechanism 10 fixed at the bottom of one of the brackets 8.

[0021] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism 6 includes a motor 601, which is fixed to the front side of the support plate 2. The output end of the motor 601 is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic 602, and a wedge prism 603 is fixed to the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic 602. The piezoelectric ceramic 602 and the wedge prism 603 can rotate as a whole under the action of the motor 601, which facilitates longitudinal rotation to adjust the angle.

[0022] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the Daowei prism rotating scanning mechanism 9 includes a stator 901 and a rotating cylinder 902. The stator 901 is fixed between two supports 8. An annular groove 903 is formed on the inner wall of the stator 901. The rotating cylinder 902 is rotatably connected within the annular groove 903. A rotor 904 is fixed to the outer side of the rotating cylinder 902, and a Daowei prism 905, a first optical wedge 906, a second optical wedge 907, and a third optical wedge 908 are fixed to the inner side of the rotating cylinder 902. After the device is powered on, the rotor 904 rotates relative to the stator 901, and the rotating cylinder 902, the Daowei prism 905, the first optical wedge 906, the second optical wedge 907, and the third optical wedge 908 rotate together with the rotor 904, facilitating high-speed axial rotation. The annular groove 903 limits the rotation of the rotating cylinder 902. The first optical wedge 906 and the second optical wedge 907... The third optical wedge 908 finely adjusts the rotating beam generated by the Dowell prism 905 through yaw and rotation compensation to ensure the stability and uniformity of the beam.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3, the adaptive adjustment control processing mechanism 10 includes an electric telescopic column 1001, which is fixed to the bottom of one of the supports 8. A movable cylinder 1002 is fixed to the bottom of the electric telescopic column 1001, and the movable cylinder 1002 can move up and down to adjust the distance under the telescopic action of the electric telescopic column 1001.

[0024] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown in Figure 3, a dynamic focusing lens 1003 and a circular position-sensitive detector 1004 are fixed inside the moving cylinder 1002. A CCD camera 1005 and an air blowing device 1006 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the moving cylinder 1002. The up-and-down movement of the moving cylinder 1002 can drive the dynamic focusing lens 1003, the circular position-sensitive detector 1004, the CCD camera 1005, and the air blowing device 1006 to move up and down as a whole. The adjusted laser beam is focused on the workpiece surface by the dynamic focusing lens 1003 to start high-precision rotary drilling. The CCD camera 1005 and the circular position-sensitive detector 1004 monitor the processing status in real time. The air blowing device 1006 is used to provide auxiliary gas to the workpiece surface during the processing. While reducing the heat effect, it can effectively remove slag and dust in the processing area, improve processing efficiency and quality. The pressure and flow rate of the auxiliary gas can be adjusted according to processing requirements.

[0025] According to another aspect of this utility model, a method for adaptive drilling of complex curved surfaces using laser rotary cutting is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. The workpiece to be processed is precisely placed on the worktable and fixed stably. The laser emitter 3 generates a Gaussian energy distribution laser beam, which is applied to the surface of the complex workpiece for precision processing through the entire laser rotary cutting and drilling device. The laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism 6 precisely adjusts the incident angle and orientation of the laser beam to the surface of the workpiece.

[0027] S2. The adjusted laser beam enters the Daowei prism rotating scanning mechanism 9, which makes the laser beam rotate rapidly around the main optical axis to achieve circumferential scanning drilling.

[0028] S3, Adaptive Adjustment Control Processing Mechanism 10: Real-time monitoring of the laser processing process and the distance between the laser focus and the processing surface; based on feedback signals from the real-time monitoring system, automatically adjusting each part of the laser rotary cutting and drilling system to adapt to the processing requirements of complex surfaces and maintain precise alignment between the laser focus and the processing surface.

[0029] The working principle of this device is as follows: The device is installed on relevant equipment, the workpiece to be processed is precisely placed on the worktable and ensured to be fixed and stable, then the device is started, activating the entire laser rotary cutting system. The laser emitter 3 generates a high-energy laser beam, which first passes through the first right-angle prism 4 and the second right-angle prism.

[0030] With the assistance of prism 5, the piezoelectric ceramic 602 and wedge prism 603 can be rotated longitudinally as a whole to adjust their angle via laser incident orientation adjustment mechanism 6. Wedge prism 603 is used to adjust the incident angle of the laser beam, while piezoelectric ceramic 602 controls the wedge prism 603 to fine-tune the orientation and angle of the laser beam, ensuring that the laser beam is precisely aligned with the processing area of ​​the workpiece. The adjusted laser beam enters the Daowei prism rotation scanning mechanism 9. The rotor 904 rotates relative to the stator 901, and the rotating cylinder 902, Daowei prism 905, first optical wedge 906, second optical wedge 907, and third optical wedge 908 rotate as a whole, causing the laser beam to rotate at twice its speed, achieving circumferential scanning. The first optical wedge 906, second optical wedge 907, and third optical wedge 908 compensate for the yaw and rotation of Daowei prism 905. The generated rotating laser beam is finely adjusted to ensure its stability and uniformity. The moving cylinder 1002, dynamic focusing lens 1003, annular position-sensitive detector 1004, CCD camera 1005, and air blowing device 1006 can be moved up and down as a whole to adjust the distance. The adjusted laser beam is focused on the workpiece surface by the dynamic focusing lens 1003 to begin high-precision rotary drilling. During the processing, the annular position-sensitive detector 1004 and CCD camera 1005 monitor the processing status in real time, including the position of the laser focus and the processing quality of the workpiece. When a misalignment between the laser focus and the workpiece surface is detected, the adaptive adjustment control processing mechanism 10 automatically adjusts the laser parameters of the laser emitter 3 according to the feedback signal, controlling the laser incident angle and orientation, as well as the laser focus position. In this process, the piezoelectric ceramic 602 plays a key role, achieving beam angle deflection by precisely controlling the translation of the reflector, thereby achieving precise control of the output beam direction. The air blowing device 1006... This system provides auxiliary gas to the workpiece surface during processing, effectively removing slag and fumes from the processing area while reducing thermal effects, thus improving processing efficiency and quality. The pressure and flow rate of the auxiliary gas can be adjusted according to processing requirements. Once the processing task is completed, the entire laser rotary cutting system automatically stops working, including turning off the laser emitter 3, stopping the rotation of the Dowell prism 905, and shutting down the monitoring system. Subsequently, the processed workpiece can be inspected and further processed. Any content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0031] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate its benefits.

[0032] For personnel, modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A complex curved surface laser rotary cutting self-adaptive drilling device, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The upper end face of the base (1) is fixed with a support plate (2) and a laser emitter (3), the front side of the support plate (2) is fixed with a first right-angle prism (4) and a second right-angle prism (5) through bolts, the front side of the support plate (2) is fixed with a laser incidence direction adjusting mechanism (6), the front side of the support plate (2) is fixed with a support cylinder (7) through bolts, the two inner walls of the support cylinder (7) are fixed with supports (8) symmetrically, a Dwyer prism rotating scanning mechanism (9) is fixed between the two supports (8), and the bottom of one of the supports (8) is fixed with a self-adaptive adjusting and controlling processing mechanism (10).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The laser incidence direction adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a motor (601), and the motor (601) is fixed to the front side of the support plate (2); the output end of the motor (601) is connected with a piezoelectric ceramic (602), and the bottom of the piezoelectric ceramic (602) is fixed with a wedge prism (603).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The Dwyer prism rotating scanning mechanism (9) comprises a stator (901) and a rotating cylinder (902), the stator (901) is fixed between the two supports (8), an annular groove (903) is formed in the inner wall of the stator (901), the rotating cylinder (902) is rotatably connected in the annular groove (903), the outer side of the rotating cylinder (902) is fixed with a rotor (904), and the inner side of the rotating cylinder (902) is fixed with a Dwyer prism (905), a first optical wedge (906), a second optical wedge (907) and a third optical wedge (908).

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The self-adaptive adjusting and controlling processing mechanism (10) comprises an electric telescopic column (1001), and the electric telescopic column (1001) is fixed to the bottom of one of the supports (8); the bottom of the electric telescopic column (1001) is fixed with a moving cylinder (1002).

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: The inner side of the moving cylinder (1002) is fixed with a dynamic focusing lens (1003) and a circular ring-shaped position-sensitive detector (1004), and the bottom of the moving cylinder (1002) is fixed with a CCD camera (1005) and a blowing device (1006) on the two sides respectively. ​

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