High-voltage cable conductor

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of high-voltage cable conductors, which include a center layer and a conductor layer. The center layer includes a fiber optic cable assembly. The conductor layer covers the center layer and includes multiple composite conductor layers arranged in a first direction. The composite conductor layers are formed by twisting insulated monofilaments, bare conductors, or a combination of insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio. The high-voltage cable conductor significantly reduces AC and DC resistance at 50Hz power frequency compared to traditional conductors, increases the current-carrying capacity of the cable conductor, greatly reduces the amount of enameled conductor used, and is suitable for 110kV and above high-voltage transmission systems. It also has online detection of cable operating status, low loss, low cost, and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power transmission and communication integration technology, and in particular to high-voltage cable conductors. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the traditional stranded structure of high-voltage cable conductors suffers from problems such as decreased center conductivity, increased cost, and severe harmonic pollution at power frequency, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the comprehensive requirements of modern power grids for transmission efficiency, economy, and reliability. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-cost high-voltage cable conductor that can suppress the skin effect in order to address the above problems.

[0004] A high-voltage cable conductor, comprising:

[0005] The central layer includes optical cable assemblies;

[0006] The conductor layer covers the core layer. The conductor layer includes multiple composite conductor layers arranged sequentially along a first direction. The composite conductor layers are formed by twisting insulated monofilaments, or by twisting bare conductors, or by twisting insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a preset ratio.

[0007] In one embodiment, the optical cable assembly includes a core, a grease filling layer, and an electromagnetic shielding layer arranged sequentially along a first direction;

[0008] The core includes at least two optical fiber sensing cores; an oil-filled layer covers the core; and an electromagnetic shielding layer covers the oil-filled layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the fiber optic sensing core has a fiber excess length of 1.3%-1.7%.

[0010] In one embodiment, the surface of the electromagnetic shielding layer is covered with an insulating layer, the thickness of which is 0.05mm-0.1mm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the stranding directions of adjacent composite conductor layers are opposite.

[0012] In one embodiment, the plurality of composite conductor layers include a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a third conductor layer and a fourth conductor layer disposed sequentially along a first direction;

[0013] The first and third conductor layers are made of insulated monofilaments twisted together, while the second and fourth conductor layers are made of bare conductors twisted together.

[0014] In one embodiment, the plurality of composite conductor layers include a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a third conductor layer and a fourth conductor layer disposed sequentially along a first direction;

[0015] The first and third conductor layers are made of bare conductors twisted together, while the second and fourth conductor layers are made of insulated monofilaments twisted together.

[0016] In one embodiment, the plurality of composite conductor layers include a first composite conductor layer, a second composite conductor layer, a third composite conductor layer and a fourth composite conductor layer disposed sequentially along a first direction;

[0017] The first composite conductor layer, the second composite conductor layer, and the third composite conductor layer are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio; wherein, the first composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio, the second composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 2:1 ratio, and the third composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:3 ratio.

[0018] The fourth composite conductor layer is made of bare conductors twisted together.

[0019] In one embodiment, the plurality of composite conductor layers include a first composite conductor layer, a second composite conductor layer, a third composite conductor layer and a fourth composite conductor layer disposed sequentially along a first direction;

[0020] The first composite conductor layer, the second composite conductor layer, and the third composite conductor layer are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio; wherein, the first composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio, the second composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:2 ratio, and the third composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 3:1 ratio.

[0021] The fourth composite conductor layer is made of bare conductors twisted together.

[0022] In one embodiment, the diameter ratio of the insulating monofilament to the bare conductor in the first composite conductor layer, the second composite conductor layer and the third composite conductor layer ranges from 1:0.9 to 1:1.1.

[0023] The aforementioned high-voltage cable conductor features an embedded optical fiber in its core layer, enabling online current-carrying capacity monitoring. The conductor layer employs an insulated monofilament, a bare conductor, or a combination of both. The insulated monofilament isolates the current path and suppresses the skin effect. The composite conductor layer formed by the insulated monofilament and the bare conductor significantly reduces the AC / DC resistance at 50Hz power frequency compared to traditional conductors, thereby increasing the cable conductor's current-carrying capacity. Simultaneously, it greatly reduces the amount of enameled conductor used, making it suitable for 110kV and above high-voltage transmission systems. It combines the advantages of online cable operation status monitoring, low loss, high reliability, and industrial production capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage cable conductor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage cable conductor according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage cable conductor according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-voltage cable conductor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 10. Core layer; 20. Conductor layer; 210. First conductor layer; 220. Second conductor layer; 230. Third conductor layer; 240. Fourth conductor layer; 310. First composite conductor layer; 320. Second composite conductor layer; 330. Third composite conductor layer; 340. Fourth composite conductor layer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0036] With the development of smart grids, high-voltage cables need to simultaneously achieve energy transmission and condition monitoring functions. Traditional high-voltage cable conductor structures face significant technical challenges: when stranded conductors transmit alternating current, the uneven distribution of current density across the conductor cross-section, known as the skin effect, causes current to preferentially concentrate near the outer surface of the conductor, while almost no current flows through the central region. This leads to increased AC resistance at power frequency, and as the voltage level increases, the skin depth decreases, resulting in reduced utilization and efficiency in the central region. The skin depth refers to the depth at which the current density decays to 1 / e (approximately 37%) of the surface current density.

[0037] While using fully enameled conductors can suppress the skin effect, the excessively high proportion of insulating enamel significantly increases conductor weight and cost. The integration of new energy sources introduces high-amplitude harmonics (equivalent frequencies of 150-650Hz), causing the AC resistance of traditional structures to increase exponentially above 100Hz, exacerbating losses and heat generation. Traditional technologies often employ single optimization methods, lacking synergy between material and structural design, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve low loss, low cost, high reliability, and high process feasibility. Furthermore, smart grids require cables to possess both efficient energy transmission and status sensing capabilities, while external optical fiber solutions are susceptible to damage and interference and are complex to install. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel high-voltage cable conductor structure that can synergistically optimize skin effect suppression, reduce AC resistance, decrease enameling usage, adapt to industrial mass production, and achieve reliable transmission through deep optoelectronic integration.

[0038] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a high-voltage cable conductor, which includes a central layer 10 and a conductor layer 20.

[0039] The central layer 10 includes optical fiber optic assemblies.

[0040] Optionally, the central layer 10 of the cable conductor includes an embedded optical cable assembly (such as an optical fiber unit or an optoelectronic composite cable) for real-time monitoring of conductor temperature, strain and other status parameters, or for transmitting communication signals to realize the status monitoring and signal transmission of the smart grid.

[0041] For example, the optical cable assembly is placed at the center of the conductor, without occupying additional cable cross-sectional area, maintaining a compact structure. The optical cable assembly and conductor can be designed as an integrated unit, avoiding mechanical damage and electromagnetic interference issues associated with external optical cables. The optical cable assembly may include a buffer layer to withstand mechanical stress under high-voltage conditions.

[0042] The conductor layer 20 covers the central layer 10. The conductor layer 20 includes a plurality of composite conductor layers arranged sequentially along the first direction. The composite conductor layers are formed by twisting insulated monofilaments, or by twisting bare conductors, or by twisting insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a preset ratio.

[0043] Optionally, Figure 1 In the first direction, X represents the first direction. The conductor layer 20 is composed of multiple composite conductor layers twisted together radially from the inside out, i.e., in the first direction. Multiple composite conductor layers are coaxially wrapped. Each composite conductor layer achieves gradient conductivity and skin effect suppression by adjusting the ratio of insulating monofilament to bare conductor.

[0044] For example, each composite conductor layer is constructed in any of the following ways:

[0045] Purely insulated monofilaments: The insulated monofilaments are made of enameled copper conductors or copper oxide film copper conductors. The current between the monofilaments is isolated by the insulation layer, which forces the current to be distributed evenly.

[0046] Bare conductors: such as oxygen-free copper conductors, are low in cost but require an outer layer of insulating monofilament to suppress the skin effect.

[0047] Mixed stranding: Insulating monofilaments and bare conductors are mixed in a preset ratio (1:1 to 1:3) and stranded into 3-5 layers of stranded conductors, with adjacent layers stranded in opposite directions, taking into account both performance and economy.

[0048] This structure effectively suppresses the skin effect by isolating the current path with insulating monofilaments, significantly reducing the AC and DC resistance at 50Hz power frequency compared to traditional conductors and increasing the current carrying capacity of the cable conductor. Simultaneously, it reduces the amount of enameled conductor used, lowering material costs. Combined with CNC stranding technology, high-precision control of the conductor layer outer diameter can be achieved at ±0.1mm.

[0049] The aforementioned high-voltage cable conductor features an embedded optical fiber in its core layer, enabling online current-carrying capacity monitoring. The conductor layer employs an insulated monofilament, a bare conductor, or a combination of both. The insulated monofilament isolates the current path and suppresses the skin effect. The composite conductor layer formed by the insulated monofilament and the bare conductor significantly reduces the AC / DC resistance at 50Hz power frequency compared to traditional conductors, thereby increasing the cable conductor's current-carrying capacity. Simultaneously, it greatly reduces the amount of enameled conductor used, making it suitable for 110kV and above high-voltage transmission systems. It combines the advantages of online cable operation status monitoring, low loss, high reliability, and industrial production capabilities.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment, the optical cable assembly includes a core, an oil-filled layer, and an electromagnetic shielding layer arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0051] The core includes at least two optical fiber sensing cores; an oil-filled layer covers the core; and an electromagnetic shielding layer covers the oil-filled layer.

[0052] For example, the optical cable assembly includes a core, a grease-filled layer, and an electromagnetic shielding layer arranged radially from the inside out. The core is the core functional part of the optical cable assembly, enabling real-time monitoring of the high-voltage cable's operating status. The core contains at least two fiber sensing cores, employing bend-insensitive single-mode fiber. At least one fiber sensing core is used for distributed temperature sensing (DTS), and one fiber sensing core is used for optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) monitoring. The bend-insensitive single-mode fiber is specifically designed for complex laying environments. By optimizing the fiber core refractive index profile (such as a recessed cladding design), it significantly reduces macro-bending loss, maintaining stable optical transmission characteristics even under conductor stranding bending and long-term operational deformation, supporting the wide-spectrum signal transmission required by the DTS system. The optical cable assembly uses bend-insensitive single-mode fiber, with grease filling a galvanized non-magnetic stainless steel tube. It can collect real-time temperature distribution data of each conductor layer and inversely deduce the current-carrying state using the Stefan-Boltzmann law, achieving online current-carrying capacity monitoring with an accuracy of ±5%. The thermodynamic model based on Stefan-Boltzmann radiation law indicates that the thermal radiation power on the conductor surface is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature. By measuring the temperature distribution of each layer of the conductor in real time through optical fiber, and combining parameters such as the thermal resistance coefficient of the conductor material and the ambient temperature, the actual current carrying capacity of the conductor can be deduced.

[0053] The configuration of multiple fiber optic sensing cores improves the redundancy and reliability of the monitoring system. Even if a single fiber optic sensing core fails, monitoring data can still be continuously acquired through the other fiber optic sensing cores. Different types of fiber optic sensing cores can be selected according to actual needs, such as distributed optical fibers for temperature monitoring or fiber Bragg grating sensors for strain measurement.

[0054] The grease filling layer tightly encapsulates the fiber optic sensing core, providing physical protection and environmental isolation. The filling grease should meet requirements such as stability, high hydrophobicity, good compatibility with other materials in the optical fiber and cable, no chemical corrosion, and no impact on optical and mechanical properties. For example, the grease filling layer uses high-performance water-blocking or hydrogen-blocking grease, effectively preventing moisture, hydrogen, or other corrosive media from penetrating the fiber optic sensing core and avoiding fiber performance degradation due to environmental factors. The grease filling layer also provides a buffering effect, absorbing the impact of external mechanical stress or vibration on the fiber optic sensing core and ensuring signal transmission stability.

[0055] An electromagnetic shielding layer, made of galvanized non-magnetic stainless steel tubing, covers the outside of the grease-filled layer. This layer effectively isolates the strong electromagnetic interference generated by the high-voltage cable conductor during operation, ensuring the transmission quality of fiber optic sensing signals. The electromagnetic shielding layer can form an equipotential bond with the metal portion of the cable conductor, further reducing the risk of electromagnetic interference caused by potential differences. This layer also possesses a certain mechanical strength, enhancing the compressive and bending resistance of the optical cable assembly. The electromagnetic shielding layer (galvanized non-magnetic stainless steel tubing) and the conductor stranded layer form an electromagnetic coupling system, enabling synchronous sensing of high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals generated by partial discharge. Combined with optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, it achieves distributed monitoring of operating conditions such as cable insulation aging and poor joint contact, with a monitoring distance of up to 50 km and a positioning accuracy of ≤10 m. This achieves integrated electromagnetic shielding and communication, developing a dual-function system that combines power transmission and carrier communication capabilities.

[0056] In the above embodiments, through the synergistic effect of the core, grease filling layer and electromagnetic shielding layer, the optical cable assembly can still maintain stable operation under high voltage, strong electromagnetic field and complex mechanical environment; the design of multiple optical fiber sensing cores improves the fault tolerance of the monitoring system, and the grease filling layer and electromagnetic shielding layer enable the optical cable assembly to adapt to different working conditions, such as high humidity, strong electromagnetic interference or vibration environment, ensuring the reliability of high voltage cable for long-term use.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber optic sensing core has a fiber excess length of 1.3%-1.7%.

[0058] For example, fiber optic excess length refers to the proportion by which the actual length of the optical fiber exceeds the length of the cable or conduit it is in. When the cable is stretched or bent, the excess length can be released preferentially to prevent the optical fiber from directly bearing tension; when temperature changes cause thermal expansion and contraction of the metal tube, the excess length can offset the compression of the optical fiber due to length changes; the optical fiber can also provide redundant space for industrial operations during construction. To match the coefficients of thermal expansion of the conductor layer material (such as copper) and stainless steel, the fiber optic excess length of the optical fiber sensing core can be controlled at 1.5% ± 0.2% to eliminate the influence of mechanical stress on the optical signal.

[0059] This embodiment, through precise excess length control, enables the fiber optic sensing core to simultaneously meet the requirements of low loss, high reliability, and strong environmental adaptability under the complex operating conditions of high-voltage cables, providing a stable data foundation for current carrying capacity inversion.

[0060] In one exemplary embodiment, the surface of the electromagnetic shielding layer is covered with an insulating layer, the thickness of which is 0.05mm-0.1mm.

[0061] For example, the insulating layer is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, or copper oxide, with a thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm. As a dielectric barrier between the electromagnetic shielding layer and the external conductor, the insulating layer effectively prevents partial discharge caused by interlayer potential difference. The insulating layer and the lower electromagnetic shielding layer form a "metal-dielectric" composite structure, which not only blocks internal electromagnetic interference but also prevents damage from external electrical stress.

[0062] In one exemplary embodiment, the stranding directions of adjacent composite conductor layers are opposite.

[0063] For example, the mutual constraint of the forward and reverse stranding directions of adjacent composite conductor layers forms a self-balancing mechanical structure, eliminating the residual torque generated by unidirectional stranding, improving the uniformity of current distribution in the multilayer conductor, and enhancing the high-frequency current transmission capability. Through the synergistic optimization of mechanics and electromagnetics, the conductor maintains excellent conductivity while also possessing outstanding mechanical strength and structural stability, laying the foundation for the long-term reliable operation of high-voltage cables.

[0064] The following embodiments illustrate the composite layered structure of the conductor layer of the high-voltage cable of this invention.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the multiple composite conductor layers include a first conductor layer 210, a second conductor layer 220, a third conductor layer 230 and a fourth conductor layer 240 arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0066] The first conductor layer 210 and the third conductor layer 230 are made of insulated monofilaments twisted together, while the second conductor layer 220 and the fourth conductor layer 240 are made of bare conductors twisted together.

[0067] For example, the conductor layers are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along the axial direction: a first conductor layer 210, a second conductor layer 220, a third conductor layer 230, and a fourth conductor layer 240. The insulating monofilaments are enameled copper conductors or copper oxide film copper conductors, while the bare conductors are oxygen-free copper conductors. The first conductor layer 210 and the third conductor layer 230 are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments, while the second conductor layer 220 and the fourth conductor layer 240 are formed by twisting bare conductors. The twisting directions of adjacent composite conductor layers are opposite.

[0068] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the multiple composite conductor layers include a first conductor layer 210, a second conductor layer 220, a third conductor layer 230 and a fourth conductor layer 240 arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0069] The first conductor layer 210 and the third conductor layer 230 are formed by stranding bare conductors, while the second conductor layer 220 and the fourth conductor layer 240 are formed by stranding insulating monofilaments.

[0070] For example, the conductor layers are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along the axial direction: a first conductor layer 210, a second conductor layer 220, a third conductor layer 230, and a fourth conductor layer 240. The insulating monofilaments are enameled copper conductors or copper oxide film copper conductors, while the bare conductors are oxygen-free copper conductors. The first conductor layer 210 and the third conductor layer 230 are formed by stranding bare conductors, while the second conductor layer 220 and the fourth conductor layer 240 are formed by stranding insulating monofilaments. The stranding directions of adjacent composite conductor layers are opposite.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the multiple composite conductor layers include a first composite conductor layer 310, a second composite conductor layer 320, a third composite conductor layer 330 and a fourth composite conductor layer 340 arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0072] The first composite conductor layer 310, the second composite conductor layer 320, and the third composite conductor layer 330 are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio; wherein, the first composite conductor layer 310 is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio, the second composite conductor layer 320 is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 2:1 ratio, and the third composite conductor layer 330 is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:3 ratio;

[0073] The fourth composite conductor layer 340 is made of bare conductors twisted together.

[0074] For example, the first composite conductor layer 310 is formed by twisting insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio. The high proportion of insulated monofilaments effectively suppresses the skin effect and provides electromagnetic isolation protection for the internal optical cable assembly. The second composite conductor layer 320 is formed by twisting insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a 2:1 ratio, using a "double insulated monofilament + single bare conductor" unit twisting pattern. The third composite conductor layer 330 is formed by twisting insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:3 ratio, maintaining sufficient conductivity through outer insulation protection and enhancing the mechanical strength of the conductor. The fourth composite conductor layer 340 is formed by twisting bare conductors, providing the maximum conductive cross-sectional area, serving as a mechanical protective layer to resist external stress and optimize heat dissipation performance.

[0075] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the multiple composite conductor layers include a first composite conductor layer 310, a second composite conductor layer 320, a third composite conductor layer 330 and a fourth composite conductor layer 340 arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0076] The first composite conductor layer 310, the second composite conductor layer 320, and the third composite conductor layer 330 are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio; wherein, the first composite conductor layer 310 is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio, the second composite conductor layer 320 is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:2 ratio, and the third composite conductor layer 330 is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 3:1 ratio;

[0077] The fourth composite conductor layer 340 is made of bare conductors twisted together.

[0078] For example, the metal shielding layer forms an electromagnetic coupling system with the first composite conductor layer 310, the second composite conductor layer 320, the third composite conductor layer 330 and the fourth composite conductor layer 340, which can synchronously sense the high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals generated by partial discharge. Combined with optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, it can realize distributed monitoring of operating conditions such as cable insulation aging and poor joint contact.

[0079] The above-described structural embodiment, through a preset layer ratio design, significantly reduces production costs while ensuring electrical performance. At the same time, the multi-layer stranded structure enhances the conductor's resistance to bending fatigue, greatly improving the cable's service life.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the diameter ratio of the insulating monofilament to the bare conductor in the first composite conductor layer 310, the second composite conductor layer 320, and the third composite conductor layer 330 ranges from 1:0.9 to 1:1.1.

[0081] For example, the diameter ratio of the insulating monofilament to the bare conductor in each composite conductor layer is controlled between 1:0.9 and 1:1.1, maintaining a cross-sectional fill factor of over 90%. The absolute size of the monofilament can be adjusted according to the total cross-sectional area requirement of the conductor while maintaining the diameter ratio. This ensures both the effective utilization of the conductor cross-section and optimizes the uniformity of current distribution, providing a carrier for high-density current transmission.

[0082] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0083] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage cable conductor, characterized in that, include: The central layer includes optical cable assemblies; A conductor layer covers the central layer. The conductor layer includes a plurality of composite conductor layers arranged sequentially along a first direction. The composite conductor layers are formed by twisting insulated monofilaments, or by twisting bare conductors, or by twisting insulated monofilaments and bare conductors in a preset ratio.

2. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical cable assembly includes a core, a grease filling layer, and an electromagnetic shielding layer arranged sequentially along the first direction; The core includes at least two optical fiber sensing cores; the grease filling layer covers the core; and the electromagnetic shielding layer covers the grease filling layer.

3. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fiber optic sensing core has a fiber excess length of 1.3%-1.7%.

4. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding layer is covered with an insulating layer, the thickness of which is 0.05mm-0.1mm.

5. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stranding directions of adjacent composite conductor layers are opposite.

6. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of composite conductor layers include a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a third conductor layer and a fourth conductor layer arranged sequentially along a first direction; The first conductor layer and the third conductor layer are made of insulated monofilaments twisted together, and the second conductor layer and the fourth conductor layer are made of bare conductors twisted together.

7. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of composite conductor layers include a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, a third conductor layer and a fourth conductor layer arranged sequentially along a first direction; The first conductor layer and the third conductor layer are made of bare conductors twisted together, and the second conductor layer and the fourth conductor layer are made of insulating monofilaments twisted together.

8. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of composite conductor layers include a first composite conductor layer, a second composite conductor layer, a third composite conductor layer and a fourth composite conductor layer arranged sequentially along a first direction; The first composite conductor layer, the second composite conductor layer, and the third composite conductor layer are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio; wherein, the first composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio, the second composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 2:1 ratio, and the third composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:3 ratio. The fourth composite conductor layer is formed by stranding bare conductors.

9. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of composite conductor layers include a first composite conductor layer, a second composite conductor layer, a third composite conductor layer and a fourth composite conductor layer arranged sequentially along a first direction; The first composite conductor layer, the second composite conductor layer, and the third composite conductor layer are formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a predetermined ratio; wherein, the first composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:1 ratio, the second composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 1:2 ratio, the third composite conductor layer is formed by twisting insulating monofilaments and bare conductors in a 3:1 ratio, and the fourth composite conductor layer is formed by twisting bare conductors.

10. The high-voltage cable conductor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The diameter ratio of the insulating monofilament to the bare conductor in the first composite conductor layer, the second composite conductor layer and the third composite conductor layer ranges from 1:0.9 to 1:1.1.

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