Fastening sleeve and component therewith, as well as a joining and a manufacturing method for the fastening sleeve

Description

1. Field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a non-self-piercing fastening sleeve for a pre-punched plastic component, a plastic component comprising the fastening sleeve, and a method for joining the fastening sleeve in the pre-punched opening of the plastic component. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing the fastening sleeve. 2. Background of the invention

[0002] Various fastening sleeves are known in the prior art that are fastened into the openings of pre-drilled components. These fastening sleeves are designed in such a way that they are inserted into component openings without being punched, for example, as opening reinforcement.

[0003] US 2007 / 0110541 A1 describes a fastening sleeve with a hollow cylindrical shaft having a radially projecting circumferential radial collar at its first axial end. The length of the hollow cylindrical shaft is designed such that the second axial end of the shaft protrudes beyond a component thickness, so that the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft can be radially expanded. Before the radial expansion and thus the fastening of the fastening sleeve within the component opening takes place, a perforated disk is placed on the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft, and the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft is axially expanded within this disk. In this way, the component is held between the radial collar at the first axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft and the disk fastened with the expanded second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft.The disadvantage of this arrangement is that, in addition to the complex combination of a mounting sleeve and an additional washer, only a clamping of the mounting sleeve within the component opening is achieved. However, the design of the mounting sleeve does not allow for a fluid-tight connection between the mounting sleeve and the component.

[0004] EP 0 080 697 A1 also describes a fastening sleeve which is fastened to a component opening with the aid of an additional retaining disk. This fastening sleeve also requires an existing component opening in the component in order to be fastened to it. In order for the fastening sleeve to be clamped to the component in a rotationally fixed manner, mandrel-like projections are provided on a contact surface of the circumferential radial collar which anchor themselves in the component. Such mandrel-like projections prevent the fastening sleeve from rotating against an acting torque, but at the same time weaken the component and prevent the radial collar from contacting the component surface in a liquid-tight manner. A disk which also has axially projecting anchoring projections is placed on the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft. These projections are directed towards the component orof the radial collar at the first axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft of the fastening sleeve. These axial projections also serve as anchoring and have the same function as the axial projections on the circumferential radial collar described above.

[0005] WO 2016 / 013405 A1 describes a fastening sleeve with an oval cross-section. This fastening sleeve is first formed from a cylindrically shaped fastening sleeve by driving the cylindrical sleeve onto a mandrel with an oval cross-section. The oval fastening sleeve is fastened in an existing component opening by axially folding the circumferential wall of the oval shaft onto itself. In this way, a collar-like radial projection forms at the second axial end of the oval shaft, opposite the circumferential radial collar at the first axial end, due to the second axial end of the shaft being folded onto itself.The radial collar at the first axial end as well as the radially projecting fastening flange folded onto itself at the second axial end of the oval shaft are each received in a component recess, although this arrangement cannot ensure a liquid-tight connection between the fastening sleeve and the component.

[0006] US 2013 / 0298723 A1 describes a fastening sleeve with a hollow cylindrical shaft of round cross-section. At a first axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft, a circumferential, outwardly projecting radial collar is arranged. This collar rests against a component surface as soon as the shaft of the fastening sleeve has been arranged in an existing component opening. At a second axial end of the shaft of the fastening sleeve, the wall of the hollow cylindrical shaft tapers radially outward to simplify axial compression of the shaft for fastening the fastening sleeve within the component opening. The compression at the second axial end of the fastening shaft creates a radially outward-directed compression bead, so that the component is held between the compression bead at the second axial end and the radial collar at the first axial end of the shaft.Although the connection between the component and the fastening sleeve is easy to create, the radial collar at the first axial end of the shaft and the compression bead at the second axial end of the shaft take up a lot of space, so that a space-saving fastening of the component using the fastening sleeve is prevented.

[0007] EP 2 811 179 A1 describes a fastening sleeve with a circumferential radial collar at a first axial end of a hollow cylindrical shaft, which is to be arranged in an existing component opening of a composite component. This fastening sleeve thus serves to reinforce the through-opening in the composite component. For this purpose, the fastening sleeve has a relatively large axial length, so that multiple axial compression along the central longitudinal axis of the hollow cylindrical shaft secures the fastening sleeve in the component opening of the composite component. This large axial length of the hollow cylindrical shaft initially allows the shaft wall to fold onto itself at the second axial end, i.e., at the end of the hollow cylindrical shaft facing away from the radial collar. With this folding onto itself, the fastening sleeve is not yet sufficiently secured in the component opening.Rather, in addition to this folding and the formation of a folding collar at the second axial end, the remaining hollow cylindrical shaft must be compressed in the axial direction. This compression causes the hollow cylindrical shaft to expand radially within the composite component, and the radially protruding folding collar at the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft is pressed down to the adjacent component surface. This type of fastening of the fastening sleeve is only possible because the composite component can be radially expanded internally due to the choice of material, such as synthetic foam, in order to accommodate part of the shaft wall due to the compression.This fastening principle of the present fastening sleeve does not work in harder components, such as metal or non-deformable plastic components, since the hollow cylindrical shaft cannot be compressed in combination with an expansion radially outwards within the component opening.

[0008] EP 3 115 124 A1 describes a fastening sleeve formed from a perforated plate. For this purpose, a rotating mandrel is pressed into the prefabricated opening in the perforated plate, which uses frictional heat to deform the perforated plate into a fastening sleeve and through a component. In this way, a fastening sleeve is formed with a circumferential radial collar at a first axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft. To fasten the fastening sleeve within the created component opening, a perforated disk is placed onto the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft, and the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft is radially expanded. Although this is not a self-piercing fastening sleeve, it is not inserted into an existing component opening in the component and fastened there. Rather, the component opening is created together with the hollow cylindrical shaft of the fastening sleeve.Although this arrangement is characterized by a precise fit between the component opening and the fastening sleeve, this precision fit does not ensure a liquid-tight connection between the fastening sleeve and the component.

[0009] JP 06048447 A describes a fastening sleeve with a circumferential radial collar at a first axial end of a hollow cylindrical shaft. The hollow cylindrical shaft has a sealing rubber layer on its radial outer side, which serves to seal between the fastening sleeve and the component within the component opening. According to another alternative, such a rubber layer is arranged in a sealing manner on a contact side of the radial shaft, which faces the hollow cylindrical shaft. The disadvantage of this design is that the fastening sleeve must be produced from various materials, which is complex. In addition, it is necessary, for example, when arranging the sealing rubber layer on the radial outer side of the hollow cylindrical shaft, to ensure sufficient pressure between a radial inner wall of the component and the outer side of the hollow cylindrical shaft.This means that not only is the production of the fastening sleeve complex, but the arrangement of the fastening sleeve also requires the component opening to be manufactured with precision.

[0010] A swaged collar and a swaged nut that bulge into a rigid axisymmetric shape when a thin-walled portion at the tip end is bent and fixed to a resin part are described in EP 3 073 131 A1. The swaged collar is provided with a sleeve having a thick-walled portion, a thin-walled portion, and a stepped portion between the thick-walled portion and the thin-walled portion. Furthermore, a flange formed on the thick-walled portion side of the sleeve is provided, which has a larger diameter than the sleeve. A through hole penetrating the sleeve and the flange is formed. The sleeve is inserted into a mounting hole of a resin component, and then the thin-walled portion is swaged to form a swaged portion, thereby clamping and fixing the resin component between the flange and the swaged portion.If the outer diameter of the thin-walled section is D, the wall thickness is t, the length is L and the Poisson's ratio is γ, the following equations apply: . r = D − t 2 , m = L π 4 r 2 t 2 20 12 1 − γ 2 and 1.2 < m < 1.8.

[0011] In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, it is therefore the object of the present invention to propose a fastening sleeve which provides a liquid-tight connection with a pre-punched component. 3. Summary of the invention

[0012] The above object is achieved by a non-self-piercing metallic fastening sleeve according to patent claim 1, a pre-punched plastic component with this fastening sleeve according to patent claim 8, a joining method of the fastening sleeve according to patent claim 9 and by a cold-forming method for producing the fastening sleeve according to patent claim 12. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention emerge from the following description, the drawings and the appended patent claims.

[0013] The present invention discloses a non-self-piercing metallic fastening sleeve which is adapted to form an opening reinforcement in a non-metallic component and has the following features: a hollow cylindrical shaft with a round cross-section and a first and a second axial end, a radial collar arranged at the first axial end and circumferentially surrounding the shaft and protruding from the shaft in the radial direction, which radial collar has an integrally formed protruding sealing structure on a contact surface facing the shaft, a radially outwardly tapered axial wall section of a circumferential wall of the shaft arranged at the second axial end of the shaft, which can be expanded radially outwards to form an axial undercut.

[0014] The present invention provides a fastening sleeve that lines an existing component opening in non-metallic components, reinforces it, stabilizes it for fastening applications, and also preferably creates a fluid-tight connection between the fastening sleeve and the component itself. This provides a design basis for arranging force-intensive fasteners within the fastening sleeve and attaching them to the thus reinforced component. Furthermore, this fastening sleeve creates the basis for reliably providing mechanical connections in fluid-sensitive zones using the sealing fastening sleeve.This is because the fastening sleeve creates a liquid-tight connection with the component through its arrangement in the component opening and the imprinting of the sealing structure into the component surface adjacent to the component opening, so that, for example, in combination with a similarly sealing fastening means which passes through the fastening sleeve, certain areas can be shielded in a liquid-tight manner.

[0015] Thus, with a simple to manufacture design of this fastening sleeve, a mechanically resilient connection function as well as a liquid-sensitive sealing function are realized.

[0016] According to the invention, the fastening sleeve preferably has an overall axial length L, wherein the following applies to an axial section length l of the tapered axial wall section: 0.2 L ≤ l ≤ 0.6 L, preferably 0.3 L ≤ l ≤ 0.5 L.

[0017] The fastening sleeve preferred according to the invention is fastened in the component opening in such a way that the second axial end of the shaft, facing away from the circumferential radial collar, is expanded radially outward. This mechanical deformation of the second axial end of the shaft does not fold the shaft wall onto itself in the axial direction towards the radial collar. Furthermore, the wall of the shaft is not compressed in the axial direction in order to fasten the fastening sleeve in the component opening. Rather, the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft is radially expanded in such a way that this radial expansion forms an axial undercut. In this way, the component is held and preferably clamped between the contact surface of the circumferential radial collar at the first axial end of the shaft and the axial undercut created by the radial expansion.

[0018] In addition to holding the fastening sleeve within the component opening, in which the radial collar and axial undercut each rest against the component, the radial expansion of the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft preferably creates a pulling of the radial collar over the shaft in the direction of the second axial end. According to a first alternative, this leads to the shaft-facing contact surface of the radial collar being pressed so strongly against the adjacent component surface that the integral sealing structure is preferably pressed or impressed into the component surface. In this way, the integral sealing structure and the deformation thereby created in the component surface preferably form a labyrinth seal, which overall ensures the fluid seal between the component and the fastening sleeve.

[0019] To facilitate the radial expansion of the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft, a portion of the circumferential wall of the shaft adjacent to the second axial end is designed with a smaller thickness than the shaft wall adjacent to the circumferential radial collar. Preferably, the shaft wall at the second axial end tapers radially outward so that a larger opening is formed inside the hollow cylindrical shaft adjacent to the second axial end than in the hollow cylindrical shaft adjacent to the radial collar. The shaft wall, which is thus thinner at the second axial end, can be more easily expanded radially outward to form the connecting or fastening axial undercut. In addition, the larger inner opening of the hollow cylindrical shaft at the second axial end can be used as an insertion aid for an expanding punch or a corresponding die.Preferably, this radially outwardly tapered wall section extends over less than half the axial length of the hollow cylindrical shaft in order to keep the fastening sleeve sufficiently axially stable.

[0020] According to the invention, the shaft has a circumferentially closed shaft wall with a first wall thickness S adjacent to the collar and a second wall thickness s in the tapered wall section, for which 8 / 20 S ≤ s ≤ 12 / 20 S, preferably 9 / 20 S ≤ s ≤ 11 / 20 S applies.

[0021] Fastening tests and seating tests of the fastening sleeve in a component opening have shown that the wall thickness in the tapered shaft area should be approximately half the wall thickness adjacent to the circumferential radial collar. This combines two functions. On the one hand, the shaft wall at the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft is thin enough to be deformed into an axial undercut. Furthermore, the shaft wall is still stable enough to ensure a reliable connection through the fastening sleeve.

[0022] More preferably, the first wall thickness S is in the range of 1.8 mm ≤ S ≤ 2.3 mm and the second wall thickness s is in the range of 0.8 mm ≤ s ≤ 1.2 mm.

[0023] The fastening sleeve is preferably provided with a length in the range of 6-10 mm, preferably 6-8 mm or 6-7 mm. For this length range, it has also proven advantageous if the wall thicknesses in the hollow cylindrical shaft adjacent to the circumferential radial collar and in the tapered area of ​​the hollow cylindrical shaft are within the wall thickness ranges specified above. The preferred length of the fastening sleeve in combination with the wall thickness ranges provide a balanced mix for a stable fastening sleeve, which, in addition to a reliable connection, also realizes a fluid-tight combination of fastening sleeve and component.

[0024] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft-facing contact surface of the circumferential radial collar is oriented perpendicular to a central longitudinal axis of the hollow cylindrical shaft and the integrally formed sealing structure comprises at least one ring structure extending concentrically around the shaft and protruding from the shaft-facing contact surface.

[0025] As already discussed above, the shaft-facing contact surface of the circumferential radial collar has an integrally formed, protruding sealing structure. This sealing structure is preferably annular, i.e., a ring structure that encircles the entire hollow cylindrical shaft. This closed circuit ensures that fluids attacking from any radial direction can be contained by the integral sealing structure.

[0026] The integrally formed sealing structure protrudes from the shaft-facing contact surface of the radial collar. During the insertion process of the fastening sleeve into the component opening, this protruding sealing structure is embossed or pressed into the component surface. Thus, the protruding sealing structure preferably engages in complementary recesses in the component surface, so that a labyrinth seal is preferably formed at the interface between the shaft-facing contact surface and the component surface. Due to the fastening radial expansion of the second axial end of the hollow cylindrical shaft, the shaft-facing contact surface with the integrally formed sealing structure is permanently drawn against the component surface. This ensures that the seal formed at an interface between the shaft-facing contact surface and the component surface does not lose its sealing function.

[0027] The ring-shaped sealing structure can be designed in various forms. The key feature is that the sealing ring structure protrudes from the contact surface so that it can be pressed into the component surface. In this context, it is preferred that the ring structure has a circular arc, a square shape, a wavy shape, or something similar in its radial cross-section. Furthermore, it is preferred that several ring structures with different diameters can be arranged on the contact surface facing the shaft.

[0028] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing ring protrudes from the contact surface by a height H, for which the following applies: 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 1 mm, in particular 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0029] Preferably, the integrally formed sealing structure protrudes by the height H from the contact surface facing the shaft. The above-specified height range H ensures that the integrally formed sealing structure is sufficiently large to be able to create a liquid-tight connection to the component. In addition, the preferred height range also ensures that the integrally formed sealing structure is not so large that it can no longer be completely embossed or pressed into the surface of the plastic component. Preferably, the integrally formed sealing structure of the contact surface facing the shaft is pressed into the component surface so far that the component surface completely accommodates the sealing structure and the remaining contact surface facing the shaft rests against the component surface.

[0030] Preferably, the protruding ring structure has an arcuate cross-section.

[0031] A comparison of differently shaped sealing structures has shown that better sealing can be achieved with rounded sealing structures than with angular sealing structures. This is because the preferred rounded sealing structures, for example a semicircular cross-section of the integrally formed annular sealing structure, allows for uniform material flow of the component material during the imprinting of the sealing structure into the component surface. With a less preferred angular sealing structure, optimal contact between the component surface and the sealing structure is not always guaranteed, but this does not impede the liquid seal. In addition, a sealing structure with a rounded cross-section is easier to produce using the cold-forming process than one with a angular cross-section.

[0032] More preferably, the fastening sleeve is made of C4C steel with a zinc-nickel coating.

[0033] The present invention also discloses a pre-punched plastic component with at least one component opening in which a fastening sleeve according to at least one of the above embodiments is fastened.

[0034] Furthermore, the present invention comprises a joining method of a non-self-piercing fastening sleeve according to one of the above embodiments in a component opening of a pre-punched plastic component, which has the following steps: providing the pre-punched plastic component, inserting the fastening sleeve into the pre-punched component opening such that a shaft-facing contact surface of a circumferential radial collar of the fastening sleeve bears against the plastic component, and radially expanding one end of a shaft of the fastening sleeve, which is arranged in the component opening, so that the component is held between the shaft-facing contact surface and a widened axial shaft region.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment of the joining method, the expanded axial shaft region is expanded by 0.01-0.06 times a shaft outer diameter of the non-expanded shaft of the fastening sleeve.

[0036] In addition, the joining process is preferably supplemented by the following step: pressing a sealing structure of the shaft-facing contact surface into a surface of the plastic component and creating a liquid-tight connection between the plastic component and the fastening sleeve.

[0037] In addition, the present invention comprises a cold-forging method of a non-self-piercing metallic fastening sleeve according to at least one of the above embodiments, which comprises the following steps: providing a wire blank, extruding the wire blank into a sleeve with a hollow cylindrical shaft and a radial collar which runs continuously around the shaft and protrudes from the shaft in the radial direction and which has an integral sealing structure on a contact surface facing the shaft.

[0038] Preferably, the cold-forging process comprises the further step of producing a radially outwardly tapered wall section of a circumferential wall of the shaft at an axial end of the shaft facing away from the radial collar. 4. Brief summary of the drawings

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like components and / or elements. They show: Figure 1 shows a side view of a preferred embodiment of the fastening sleeve according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a side sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the fastening sleeve from Figure 1 , Figure 3 an enlarged view of the circled area from Figure 2, which shows a preferred embodiment of an integrally formed sealing structure on a contact surface of a radial collar of the fastening sleeve, Figure 4 shows a further preferred embodiment of the integrally formed sealing structure on the contact surface of the radial collar, Figure 5 shows a perspective sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the fastening sleeve which is set or fastened in a component opening of a component, Figure 6 shows a lateral view of a preferred embodiment of the fastening sleeve according to the invention in the set state without a component, Figure 7 shows a flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of a joining method of the fastening sleeve in a component opening and Figure 8 shows a flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of a manufacturing method of the fastening sleeve according to the invention. 5. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

[0040] A preferred embodiment of the fastening sleeve 1 according to the invention is shown in various representations in the Figures 1, 2 , 5 and 6 While the representations of the Figures 1 and 2 the fastening sleeve 1 in the unset state, the fastening sleeve is in the Figures 5 and 6 shown in the set state with and without component B.

[0041] The fastening sleeve 1 is preferably made of metal using a cold-forming process. It is designed to be inserted into an existing component opening O of the component B in order to reinforce it. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the component B with the prefabricated component opening O is made of plastic or, in general, of a softer material than the material of the fastening sleeve 1.

[0042] Since plastics are used in practice, for example in the form of covers, cladding or other structural components, the fastening sleeve 1 placed in the component opening O reinforces the component opening O. Reinforcement in this context means that the fastening sleeve 1 lined the component opening O in a stabilizing manner, as it runs parallel to the radial inner wall of the component opening. In addition, the fastening sleeve 1 also forms an axial support for a screw connection or other fastening device running through the component opening O. In particular, the fastening sleeve 1 absorbs axial compressive stresses, for example from an engaging screw connection, without transmitting these into the adjacent plastic component. The fastening sleeve 1 thus supports reliable fastening in / on the plastic component and at the same time prevents adverse flow of the plastic adjacent to the component opening O.

[0043] For stability and processing reasons, the fastening sleeve 1 is preferably made of C4C steel, a steel for cold forging or cold heading and cold extrusion.

[0044] According to the invention, the fastening sleeve 1 made of C4C steel is preferably provided with a zinc-nickel coating. The preferred zinc-nickel coating provides cathodic corrosion protection through the zinc component, which acts as a sacrificial anode. Furthermore, the zinc-nickel coating increases the thermal resilience of the fastening sleeve 1 compared to the uncoated state of the fastening sleeve 1.

[0045] The fastening sleeve 1 has a hollow cylindrical shaft 10 with a preferably round cross-section. The hollow cylindrical shaft 10 is formed by a closed wall 12 extending around a central longitudinal axis L m.

[0046] At a first axial end 14 of the shaft 10, a radial collar 30 is arranged that extends continuously around the shaft 10. The radial collar 30 is formed integrally with the shaft 10 and projects radially outwardly therefrom. Accordingly, the radial collar 30 projects beyond a radial outer side 16 of the shaft 10.

[0047] The radial collar 30 has a contact surface 32 facing the shaft 10. This is preferably aligned perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis L m and forms a contact surface with the component B after the fastening sleeve 1 has been inserted into the component opening O (see Figure 5 ).

[0048] A sealing structure 50 is integrally formed on the shaft-facing contact surface 32. It protrudes from the contact surface 32 toward the shaft 10, as explained in more detail below.

[0049] At a second axial end 18 of the shaft 10, which is axially opposite the radial collar 30, the circumferential wall 12 of the shaft 10 is tapered in thickness perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L m . The tapered wall at the second axial end 18 extends over an axial section, here the tapered axial wall section 20. To reduce the wall thickness in the tapered axial wall section 20, a radial inner side 22 of the shaft 10 projects radially outward over the axial wall section 20, resulting in the radially outwardly tapered axial wall section 20.

[0050] The tapered wall section 20 has a facilitated plastic deformability due to its smaller wall thickness compared to the remaining wall 12 of the shaft 10. This supports the joining process or the setting and fastening of the fastening sleeve 1 in the component opening O. For this purpose, the shaft 10 is widened radially outwards at its second axial end 18, i.e. in the axially tapered wall section 20, as can be seen from Figures 5 and 6 can be seen. In comparison to a radial inner wall of the component opening O, an axial undercut 26 is thus formed, so that the component B is held, preferably clamped, between the contact surface 32 of the radial collar 30 and the second axial end 18 of the shaft 10 deformed as an axial undercut 26.

[0051] The fastening sleeve 1 has a total length L as shown in Figure 1The total length L extends from the side 34 of the radial collar 30 facing away from the shaft to the end of the shaft 10. The tapered axial wall section 20 has an axial length l.

[0052] It has proven advantageous if the total length L of the fastening sleeve 1 and the length l of the tapered wall section 20 are in the following relationship to each other: 0 , 2 L ≤ 1 ≤ 0 , 6 L , vorzugsweise 0 , 3 L ≤ 1 ≤ 0 , 5 L .

[0053] The circumferential wall 12 of the shaft 10 has a thickness S. The tapered axial wall section 20 adjacent to the second axial end 18 of the shaft 10 has a thickness s. The thickness s of the tapered wall section 20 and the thickness S of the circumferential wall 12 satisfy the following relationship equation: 8 / 20 S ≤ s ≤ 12 / 20 S , vorzugsweise 9 / 20 S ≤ s ≤ 11 / 20 S .

[0054] The ratio of the wall thicknesses S, s underlines the balanced relationship between a radially outwardly deformable wall 20 with the thickness s and a thickness S of the wall 12 of the shaft 10. The ratio of the wall thicknesses S, s ensures a resilient axial stability of the fastening sleeve 1 due to the wall 12 of the shaft 10. At the same time, the fastening sleeve 1 can be reliably fastened in the component opening O with little effort, as the tapered wall section 20 ensures efficiently manageable deformability via its wall thickness s.

[0055] In preferred absolute values, the wall thickness S of the wall 12 of the shaft 10 is in the range of 1.8 mm ≤ S ≤ 2.3 mm and the wall thickness s of the tapered wall section 20 is in the range of 0.8 mm ≤ s ≤ 1.2 mm.

[0056] Further preferably, a fastening sleeve 1 with a total length L in the range of 5.5 mm ≤ L ≤ 8 mm, preferably 6 mm ≤ L ≤ 7.5 mm, and in particular 6.5 mm ≤ L ≤ 7.0 mm has an advantageous total length L. This total length L preferably ensures that the shaft 10 of the fastening sleeve 1 is not deformed or damaged by compression during the installation of the fastening sleeve 1. Furthermore, this length L ensures reliable fastening of the fastening sleeve 1 in the component opening O.

[0057] The sealing structure 50 comprises, according to the preferred embodiments of the Figures 3 and 4 one or two rings 50 arranged concentrically around the longitudinal axis L. According to the invention, the ring(s) 50 preferably protrude from the contact surface 32 of the radial collar 30 by the height H. The height H is preferably in the range of 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 1 mm, in particular 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.2 mm.

[0058] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integral sealing structure 50 is in radial section (see Figures 3 and 4 ) is arched.

[0059] Also preferably, the arcuate sealing structure 50 has a radius of 0.35±0.05 mm.

[0060] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fastening sleeve 1 has an inner diameter DI of the shaft 10 in the range of 8 mm ≤ DI ≤ 16 mm, preferably 9.5 mm ≤ DI ≤ 14.5 mm and in particular DI = 10 mm or DI = 14 mm.

[0061] More preferably, the shaft 10 has an outer diameter D a of 12 mm ≤ D a ≤ 20 mm, preferably 13 mm ≤ D a ≤ 19 mm and in particular D a = 14.3 mm or D a = 18 mm.

[0062] The radial collar 30 preferably has an outer diameter DK in the range of 18 mm ≤ DK ≤ 24 mm, preferably 19 mm ≤ DK ≤ 23 mm and in particular DK = 19 mm or DK = 22 mm.

[0063] According to the invention, the fastening sleeve 1 preferably has a shaft inner diameter of 14 mm, a shaft outer diameter of 18 mm, an outer diameter of the radial collar of 22 mm and only one circumferential sealing ring 50, as is shown for example in Figure 3 is shown.

[0064] According to a further preferred embodiment of the fastening sleeve 1 according to the invention, it has a shaft inner diameter of 10 mm, a shaft outer diameter of 14.3 mm, an outer diameter of the radial collar of 19 mm and two circumferential sealing rings 50, as shown schematically in Figure 4 is shown. 6. List of reference symbols

[0065] 1Fastening sleeve 10Shaft 12Wall of the shaft 10 14First axial end of the shaft 10 16Radial outer side of the shaft 10 18Second axial end of the shaft 10 20Tapered axial wall section of the shaft 10 22Radially recessed inner side of the shaft at the second axial end 30Radial collar 32Contact surface facing the shaft 34Side of the radial collar facing away from the shaft 50Sealing structure BComponent L m Central longitudinal axis LTotal length of the fastening sleeve 1 lLength of the tapered wall section 20 SStightness of the wall 12 of the shaft 10 sThickness of the tapered wall section 20 OB Surface of component B facing the sealing structure DI Inner diameter of the shaft D a Outer diameter of the shaft DK Outer diameter of the radial collar

Claims

1. A non-self-piercing metallic fastening sleeve (1) which is adapted to form an opening reinforcement in a non-metallic component, comprising the following features: a hollow-cylindrical and in cross-section round shaft (10) with a first (14) and a second axial end (18), a radial collar (30) arranged at the first axial end (14) and circumferentially enclosing the shaft (10) and protruding in radial direction from the shaft (10), having an integrally configured, protruding sealing structure (50) at an attachment face (32) that faces the shaft, a tapered, axial wall section (20) of a circumferentially extending wall (12) of the shaft (10), wherein the wall section (20) is arranged radially outside at a second axial end (18) of the shaft (10) which is extendable radially to the outside so as to form an axial undercut, wherein the shaft (10) comprises a circumferentially extending closed shaft wall (12) with a first wall thickness S adjacent to the collar (30) and a second wall thickness s in the tapered wall section (20) to which the following applies: 8 / 20 S ≤ s ≤ 12 / 20 S , preferably 9 / 20 S ≤ s ≤ 11 / 20 S .

2. The fastening sleeve (1) according to claim 1, having an axial overall length L, the following applying to an axial sectional length 1 of the tapered axial wall section (20): 0.2 L ≤ 1 ≤ 0.6 L , preferably 0.3 L ≤ 1 ≤ 0.5 L .

3. The fastening sleeve (1) according to claim 1 or 2 where the first wall thickness S lies in the range from 1.8 mm ≤ S ≤ 2.3 mm and the second wall thickness s lies in the range from 0.8 mm ≤ s ≤ 1.2 mm.

4. The fastening sleeve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the shaft-facing attachment face (32) of the circumferential radial collar (30) is oriented perpendicular to a central longitudinal axis (Lm) of the hollow-cylindrical shaft (10) and the integrally formed sealing structure (50) is a ring structure extending at least concentrically around the shaft and projecting from the shaft-facing attachment face (32).

5. The fastening sleeve (1) according to claim 4, in which the sealing ring (50) projects by a height H from the attachment face (32) to which the following applies: 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 1 mm , in particular 0.1 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.5 mm .

6. The fastening sleeve (1) according to claim 4 or 5, in which the projecting ring structure (50) has an arc-shaped cross-section.

7. The fastening sleeve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, consisting of a C4C steel with a zinc-nickel coating.

8. A pre-punched plastic component (B) with at least one component opening (O) in which a fastening sleeve (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims is fastened.

9. A joining method of a non-self-piercing fastening sleeve (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 7 in a component opening (O) of a pre-punched plastic component (B), comprising the following steps: a. providing the pre-punched plastic component (B) (step F1), b. inserting the fastening sleeve (1) into the pre-punched component opening (O) so that a shaft-facing attachment face (32) of a circumferential radial collar (30) of the fastening sleeve (1) attaches the plastic component (B) (step F2), and c. radially expanding an end (18) of a shaft (10) of the fastening sleeve (1), wherein the shaft is arranged in the component opening (O) so that the component (B) is held between the shaft-facing attachment face (32) and an expanded axial shaft portion (step F3).

10. The joining method according to claim 9, wherein the expanded axial shaft portion is expanded by 0.01 - 0.06 times of a shaft outer diameter of the non-expanded shaft (10) of the fastening sleeve (1).

11. The joining method according to claim 9 or 10 with the further step: impressing a sealing structure (50) of the shaft-facing attachment face (32) into a surface of the plastic component (B) and generating a liquid-proof connection between plastic component (B) and fastening sleeve (1).

12. A cold forming method of a non-self-piercing metallic fastening sleeve (1) according to at least one of the claims 1 to 7 comprising the following steps: a. providing a wire blank (step H1), b. extruding the wire blank to form a sleeve with a hollow-cylindrical shaft (10) and a radial collar (30) extending in a closed manner around the shaft (10) and projecting in radial direction from the shaft (10), which on a shaft-facing attachment surface (32) comprises an integral sealing structure (50) (step H3).

13. The cold forming method according to claim 12 with the further step: c. generating a radially outwards tapering wall section (20) of a circumferentially extending wall (12) of the shaft (10) at an axial end (18) of the shaft (10), wherein the axial end (18) faces away from the radial collar (30) (step H2).