Stoker and stoker furnace

Abstract

To propose a structure of a stoker which can alleviate demerits of a conventional parallel swing type stoker, while including a shearing effect and durability equal to that of the conventional parallel swing type stoker.SOLUTION: A stoker includes: fixed fire grate lines and movable fire grate lines which are arranged alternately in a horizontal direction substantially orthogonal to a feed direction of an object to be conveyed; and a driving device which makes the movable fire grate lines go forward to the downstream side in the feed direction by drawing a protruding track, and makes the movable fire grate lines go backward to the upstream side in the feed direction by drawing a recessed track or a horizontal track.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the structure of a stoker and a stoker furnace equipped with the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Stoker furnaces have been known for some time, in which materials to be incinerated, such as waste, are dried and heated on a stoker, and then combusted while being stirred and moved. There are various types of stokers, including the parallel rocking type and the parallel rocking type (also called the step-sliding type).

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a parallel oscillating stoker. The parallel oscillating stoker includes fixed and movable grate rows arranged alternately in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the feed direction of the material, and a drive mechanism for the movable grate rows. Each grate row includes multiple grates arranged in a stepped pattern in the feed direction of the material, and the upper surface as a whole slopes downward toward the feed direction of the material. The drive mechanism reciprocates or oscillates the movable grate row back and forth, diagonally upward, or in an arc, thereby transporting and stirring the material.

[0004] The parallel oscillating stoker includes fixed and movable grate stages arranged alternately in the direction of material transport, and a drive mechanism for the movable grate stage. Each grate stage has multiple grates arranged horizontally, with the upper surface sloping upward in the direction of material transport. The drive mechanism reciprocates the movable grate stage diagonally upward above the fixed grate stage, thereby transporting and agitating the material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-30545 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 58-194333 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Compared to parallel oscillating stokers, parallel oscillating stokers have the advantage of being suitable for drying low-calorie materials due to their high shearing effect on the transported material, and are also more durable due to less friction between the grates. However, conventional parallel oscillating stokers have the disadvantage of requiring a large stoker installation height because the grates are arranged at a downward slope in the direction of transport of the material, which increases the construction costs of the stoker furnace. In contrast, parallel oscillating stokers have a smaller stoker installation height, which allows for a smaller building height for the stoker furnace.

[0007] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to propose a stoker structure that has the same shear effect and durability as conventional parallel oscillating stokers, while reducing the disadvantages of conventional parallel oscillating stokers. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problem, a stalker according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: A row of fixed grates and a row of movable grates are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; 、 The movable grate row has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, The drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support part, a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support part, and a shift device that moves the movable fire grate row forward and backward in the feed direction, The rear lift device and the front lift device can operate synchronously or independently. This is what is done. Furthermore, a stalker according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes: A row of fixed grates and a row of movable grates are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable fire grate array has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, and has rollers arranged on each of the rear support portion and the front support portion, The drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support part, a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support part, and a shift device that moves the movable fire grate row forward and backward in the feed direction, Each of the rear lift device and the front lift device has a rail block having a plurality of rails, including a convex rail and at least one of a horizontal rail and a concave rail, and an actuator that operates the rail block so that the roller rolls on one of the plurality of rails. Furthermore, a stoker according to yet another aspect of the present disclosure includes: A row of fixed grates and a row of movable grates are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable grate row has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, the drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support portion and moves it in the feed direction, and a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support portion and moves it in the feed direction, Each of the rear lift device and the front lift device includes a Chebyshev link mechanism and an actuator that operates the Chebyshev link mechanism. Furthermore, a stoker according to yet another aspect of the present disclosure includes: A row of fixed grates and a row of movable grates are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable grate row has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, the drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support portion and moves it in the feed direction, and a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support portion and moves it in the feed direction, Each of the rear lift device and the front lift device includes a lever connected to the movable grate row so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction, an actuator that swings the lever, and a height adjustment device that adjusts the height of the connection position between the movable grate row and the lever.

[0009] Moreover, a stoker furnace according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes the above-described stoker. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to one aspect of the present disclosure described above, it is possible to propose a stoker structure that has the same shear effect and durability as conventional parallel swinging stokers, while reducing the disadvantages of conventional parallel swinging stokers. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a boiler facility equipped with a stoker furnace employing a stoker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the stoker. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a side view of the fire grate array as seen from the lateral direction. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the forward movement of the movable fire grate row. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the forward movement of the movable fire grate row. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of the movable fire grate array and the drive device. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a timing chart of the forward operation. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a timing chart of the reverse feed operation. [Figure 9]FIG. 9 is a timing chart of the centering operation. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a timing chart of the distribution operation. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a timing chart of the front forward operation. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a timing chart of the rear forward operation. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a timing chart of the front reverse feed operation. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a timing chart of the rear reverse feed operation. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a first configuration example of a driving device. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of the driving device. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a modified example of the second configuration example of the driving device. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a side view of the third configuration example of the drive device as seen from the lateral direction. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a side view of the third configuration example of the driving device as seen from the feed direction. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a side view of a drive device according to a first modification of the third configuration example, as viewed from the feed direction. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a diagram showing variations of the convex portion. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 shows variations of the recessed portion. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 is a side view of a drive device according to Modification 2 of Configuration Example 3, as viewed from the lateral direction. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 is a side view of a drive device according to Modification 2 of Configuration Example 3, as viewed from the feed direction. [Figure 25] FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a fourth configuration example of the driving device. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a fifth configuration example of the driving device. [Figure 27] FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a sixth configuration example of the driving device. [Figure 28]FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a state in which the position of the pin is locked by the height adjustment device in the sixth configuration example of the drive device. [Figure 29] FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a modified example of the height adjusting device in the sixth configuration example of the driving device. [Figure 30] FIG. 30 shows variations in the arrangement of a plurality of stokers lined up in the feeding direction in a stoker furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Next, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a boiler facility 100 including a stoker furnace 1 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The boiler facility 100 shown in Fig. 1 includes the stoker furnace 1 that burns fuel F and a boiler 2 that recovers exhaust heat from the stoker furnace 1.

[0013] The stoker furnace 1 is provided with a primary combustion chamber 14, which is the main combustion chamber, and a secondary combustion chamber 19. An input hopper 12 is connected to the inlet of the primary combustion chamber 14 via a chute 13. A stoker 15 is provided on the floor of the primary combustion chamber 14. A discharge chute 18 is provided downstream of the stoker 15 to discharge incineration ash from the primary combustion chamber 14.

[0014] Primary combustion air 21 is supplied from below the stoker 15, and this primary combustion air 21 passes through the stoker 15 from below and is introduced into the primary combustion chamber 14. In addition, secondary combustion air 22 is supplied from the ceiling of the primary combustion chamber 14 toward the inside of the primary combustion chamber 14.

[0015] In the stoker furnace 1 configured as described above, fuel F introduced into the charging hopper 12 is introduced through the chute 13 into the inlet of the primary combustion chamber 14. The fuel F introduced into the primary combustion chamber 14 is transported by the stoker 15 in the feed direction 90 (see Figure 2). As the fuel F is transported on the drying stoker, it is dried, heated, and ignited. A portion of the ignited fuel F undergoes thermal decomposition, generating flammable pyrolysis gas. This pyrolysis gas travels to the upper part of the primary combustion chamber 14 with the primary combustion air 21 and is burned with the secondary combustion air 22. The remainder of the ignited fuel F burns as it is transported, and the remaining incineration ash is discharged through the discharge chute 18 and sent to an ash treatment facility (not shown). The combustion exhaust gas from the primary combustion chamber 14 is mixed with the secondary combustion air 22 blown out from the ceiling portion downstream of the primary combustion chamber 14 and completely combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 19.

[0016] A flue 20 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber 19 of the stoker furnace 1. The flue 20 is equipped with a boiler 2 that recovers thermal energy from the flue gas from the stoker furnace 1. Water pipes 23 connected to a boiler drum 24 run along the wall of the flue 20. The boiler drum 24 is connected to a superheater 25. A superheater pipe of the superheater 25 is also provided within the flow path of the flue 20. The hot water delivered from the boiler drum 24 is evaporated by heat exchange with the flue gas in the superheater 25, and is further superheated. The superheated steam thus generated by the superheater 25 is used in power generation facilities, etc. The flue gas that passes through the flue 20 is discharged into an exhaust duct 28. The exhaust duct 28 is equipped with a bag filter, an induced draft fan, etc., and the flue gas from the boiler 2 is separated from dust by the bag filter before being discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney.

[0017] [Structure of Stoker 15] Next, the stoker 15 provided in the stoker furnace 1 will be described in detail. Figure 2 is a plan view showing the schematic configuration of the stoker 15. The stoker 15 is a parallel rocking type and includes a fixed grate row 31, a movable grate row 32, and a drive device 33 for the movable grate row 32. The fixed grate rows 31 and the movable grate rows 32 are arranged alternately in a lateral direction 91, which is a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to a feed direction 90 of the transported material (i.e., the refuse).

[0018] The fixed grate row 31 has a grate row 30 fixed to a furnace structural member 11 (see FIG. 6) of the stoker furnace 1. The movable grate row 32 has a grate row 30 supported by the furnace structural member 11 of the stoker furnace 1 so as to be movable back and forth in the feed direction 90 of the material. The grate rows 30 of the fixed grate row 31 and the movable grate row 32 may have substantially the same shape.

[0019] FIG. 3 is a side view of the grate array 30 as viewed from the lateral direction 91. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross-sectional profile of the conveying surface 39, which is the upper surface of the grate array 30, has a sawtooth-like undulation with long sides 36 and short sides 37 regularly repeated. The long sides 36 are longer than the short sides 37. The long sides 36 slope upward toward the downstream side in the feed direction 90. The short sides 37 slope downward toward the downstream side in the feed direction 90. A combination of adjacent long sides 36 and short sides 37 constitutes one grate 41, and multiple grate tiers 41 are connected in the feed direction 90 in the grate array 30. Each grate 41 in each tier has an upwardly convex apex 38 formed by the long sides 36 and short sides 37. Multiple apexes 38 exist in one grate array 30. When the grate row 30 is in the initial position, the line segment L connecting the tops 38 is approximately horizontal or has a slight inclination that rises toward the downstream side relative to the horizontal.

[0020] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the forward movement of the movable fire grate row 32. Figure 4 shows a series of movements of the movable fire grate row 32: (A) initial position and rearward end, (B) moving forward, (C) forward end, and (D) moving backward. Note that movement downstream in the feed direction 90 is referred to as "forward," and movement upstream in the feed direction 90 is referred to as "rearward."

[0021] In the stoker 15, when the transported objects are fed forward, the movable grate row 32 moves forward and backward relative to the fixed grate row 31. The movable grate row 32 repeats one stroke of moving forward from the backward end, which is the initial position, to the forward end and then moving backward from the forward end to the backward end.

[0022] During forward feeding, the movable grate row 32 (particularly, the conveying surface 39 of the movable grate row 32) advances along a convex orbit when viewed from the lateral direction 91. Here, a "convex orbit" is a orbit that combines a forward or backward shifting movement with an upward and subsequent downward lifting movement. Examples of convex orbits include an upwardly convex arc-shaped orbit, an upwardly convex mountain-shaped orbit, an upwardly convex square-shaped orbit, and an upwardly convex trapezoid-shaped orbit. When the movable grate row 32 advances along a convex orbit, the conveying surface 39 rises to lift the conveyed object, and the conveying surface 39 advances simultaneously, so that the conveyed object is sent downstream in the feed direction 90.

[0023] When moving forward, the movable grate row 32 moves backward along a concave track as viewed from the lateral direction 91. Here, a "concave track" refers to a track that combines a forward or backward shift movement with a downward and subsequent upward movement. Examples of concave tracks include a downwardly concave arc-shaped track, a downwardly concave inverted mountain-shaped track, and an inverted trapezoid-shaped track. When the movable grate row 32 moves backward along the concave track, the conveying surface 39 moves downward and backward simultaneously, and the movable grate row 32 returns to the rearward end without the conveying surface 39 acting on the conveyed object.

[0024] However, as shown in Figure 5, the movable grate row 32 during forward feeding operation may also move backward along a horizontal trajectory when viewed from the lateral direction 91. Here, a "horizontal trajectory" refers to a trajectory of forward or backward shift movement that does not involve lifting or lowering. When the movable grate row 32 moves backward along a horizontal trajectory, the conveying surface 39 slides on the bottom surface of the material layer, but the movable grate row 32 returns to the rear end without feeding the material in the feed direction 90.

[0025] [Driver 33] Next, a description will be given of the drive device 33 for the movable fire grate row 32. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of the movable fire grate row 32 and the drive device 33.

[0026] As shown in Figure 6, each of the movable grate rows 32 of the stoker 15 includes a frame 42 and a plurality of grates 41 fixed to the frame 42. The plurality of grates 41 are aligned in the feed direction 90. The frame 42 has a rear support portion 43 arranged at the rear, which is the upstream end in the feed direction 90, and a front support portion 44 arranged at the front, which is the downstream end in the feed direction 90. The rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are spaced apart in the feed direction 90. The rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 may be provided at a plurality of locations dispersed in the lateral direction 91 of the frame 42.

[0027] The drive device 33 includes a shift device 50 that moves the entire movable grate row 32 in a substantially horizontal direction, a rear lift device 51 that raises and lowers the rear support portion 43 of the movable grate row 32, a front lift device 52 that raises and lowers the front support portion 44 of the movable grate row 32, and a controller 53 that controls the operations of the shift device 50, the rear lift device 51, and the front lift device 52. Each of the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 may also have the function of the shift device 50.

[0028] The controller 53 controls the shift device 50 so that the movable grate row 32 periodically repeats one cycle of shift movement consisting of moving forward, holding at the forward end, moving backward, and holding at the backward end. At the same time, the controller 53 controls the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 so that the height levels of the rear support section 43 and the front support section 44 change in accordance with the timing of the shift movement of the movable grate row 32. The height levels of the rear support section 43 and the front support section 44 are expressed in three levels: a standard level where the conveying surface 39 of the fixed grate row 31 and the conveying surface 39 of the movable grate row 32 are substantially at the same level; a high level higher than the standard level; and a low level lower than the standard level.

[0029] The rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 can perform synchronous operation. In other words, the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 can both be raised and lowered at the same time. The synchronous operation of the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 allows the movable fire grate row 32 to perform forward and reverse operations.

[0030] It is desirable that the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 can operate independently in addition to synchronous operation. In other words, it is desirable that the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 can both rise simultaneously, both fall simultaneously, and one rises while the other falls. If the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 can operate independently in this way, the movable fire grate row 32 can perform not only forward and reverse operations but also operations according to the purpose.

[0031] Below, we will explain the operations of the movable grate row 32 according to their purposes. Table 1 shows the relationship between the types of operation of the stoker 15 and the height levels of the rear support section 43 and the front support section 44 when the movable grate row 32 is moving forward and backward for each type of operation. Although not shown in Table 1, when the movable grate row 32 is at the forward end and the backward end, the rear support section 43 and the front support section 44 are at the standard level.

[0032] [Table 1]

[0033] <Forward> FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the forward movement of the movable grate row 32. Hereinafter, the upper part of the timing chart represents the front and rear positions of the movable grate row 32, the middle part represents the height level of the rear support section 43, and the lower part represents the height level of the front support section 44. The controller 53 controls the rear lift device 51 and the front lift device 52 so that the height levels of the rear support section 43 and the front support section 44 of the movable grate row 32 change in accordance with the shifting movement of the movable grate row 32 by the shift device 50. Note that although the change in height level is shown by broken lines in the timing chart, the acceleration may be adjusted so that the movable grate row 32 moves smoothly at the start and end of forward and backward movement, and at the start and end of ascent and descent. The change in height level shown in the timing chart is merely an example, and the manner in which the change in height level occurs may be adjusted depending on the structure of the drive device 33 of the movable grate row 32 and the properties of the transported object.

[0034] 7 and Table 1, in the forward feed operation, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a high level when the movable grate row 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a low level when the movable grate row 32 is moving backward. In the forward feed operation, the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a convex orbit and the transported material is sent downstream in the feed direction 90, and the movable grate row 32 moves backward in a concave orbit and returns to the rear end without sending any transported material.

[0035] As shown in Table 1, in the forward feed operation, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 may be at the standard level while the movable grate row 32 is moving backward. In such a forward feed operation, the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a convex orbit, and the transported material is sent downstream in the feed direction 90, and the movable grate row 32 moves backward in a horizontal orbit, and returns to the rear end without sending any transported material.

[0036] <Reverse> 8 is a timing chart of the reverse feeding operation of the movable fire grate row 32. The reverse feeding of the transported goods is performed, for example, when the transported goods are accumulated on the stoker 15.

[0037] As shown in Figure 8 and Table 1, in the reverse feed operation, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a low level while the movable grate train 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a high level while the movable grate train 32 is moving backward. In the reverse feed operation, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 may be at a standard level while the movable grate train 32 is moving forward. In the reverse feed operation, the movable grate train 32 moves forward in a concave track and moves to the forward end without feeding the material, and then moves backward in a convex track and the material is fed upstream in the feed direction 90.

[0038] <Center> 9 is a timing chart of the centering operation of the movable grate row 32. When the movable grate row 32 performs the centering operation, the transported objects on the stoker 15 are gathered in the center between the front and rear ends. Centering of the transported objects is performed, for example, when the transported objects are stuck at the front and rear ends of the stoker 15.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 9 and Table 1, in the centering operation, the rear support portion 43 is at a high level and the front support portion 44 is at a low level while the movable grate row 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 is at a low level and the front support portion 44 is at a high level while the movable grate row 32 is moving backward. The low level may be replaced with a standard level. In the centering operation, the rear portion of the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a convex track, and the front portion of the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a concave track. Also, the rear portion of the movable grate row 32 moves backward in a concave track, and the front portion of the movable grate row 32 moves backward in a convex track. The concave track may be replaced with a horizontal track.

[0040] <Dispersion> 10 is a timing chart of the dispersion operation of the movable grate row 32. When the movable grate row 32 performs the dispersion operation, the transported materials on the stoker 15 are dispersed to the front and rear. The dispersion of the transported materials is performed, for example, when the transported materials are accumulated in the center of the front and rear of the stoker 15.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 10 and Table 1, in the dispersion operation, the rear support portion 43 is at a low level and the front support portion 44 is at a high level while the movable grate array 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 is at a high level and the front support portion 44 is at a low level while the movable grate array 32 is moving backward. The low level may be replaced with a standard level. In the dispersion operation, the rear portion of the movable grate array 32 moves forward in a concave track, and the front portion of the movable grate array 32 moves forward in a convex track. Also, the rear portion of the movable grate array 32 moves backward in a convex track, and the front portion of the movable grate array 32 moves backward in a concave track. The concave track may be replaced with a horizontal track.

[0042] <Front sequential feed> FIG. 11 is a timing chart of the front progressive I operation of the movable grate row 32. As shown in FIG. 11 and Table 1, in the front progressive I operation, the rear support portion 43 is at a low level and the front support portion 44 is at a high level while the movable grate row 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a low level while the movable grate row 32 is moving backward. The low level may be replaced with a standard level. In the front progressive I operation, the rear portion of the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a concave track, and the front portion of the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a convex track. Furthermore, both the front and rear portions of the movable grate row 32 move backward in a concave track. The concave track may be replaced with a horizontal track.

[0043] The front forward II operation in Table 1 differs from the front forward I operation only in that the rear support part 43 is at a high level during forward and reverse movements.

[0044] When the movable grate row 32 performs the front progressive I operation or the front progressive II operation as described above, the front transported goods on the stoker 15 are sent further downstream in the sending direction 90 than the rear transported goods on the stoker 15. The front progressive I operation and the front progressive II operation are performed, for example, when it is desired to promote the movement of only the front transported goods on the stoker 15.

[0045] <Backward sequential> FIG. 12 is a timing chart of the rearward progressive I operation of the movable grate row 32. As shown in FIG. 12 and Table 1, in the rearward progressive I operation, the rear support portion 43 is at a high level and the front support portion 44 is at a low level while the movable grate row 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a low level while the movable grate row 32 is moving backward. The low level may be replaced with the standard level. In the rearward progressive I operation, the rear portion of the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a convex track, and the front portion of the movable grate row 32 moves forward in a concave track. Furthermore, the front and rear portions of the movable grate row 32 move backward in a concave track. The concave track may be replaced with a horizontal track.

[0046] The rearward forward II operation in Table 1 differs from the rearward forward I operation only in that the front support 44 is at a higher level during forward and reverse travel.

[0047] When the movable grate row 32 performs the rear progressive I operation or the rear progressive II operation as described above, the rear transported goods on the stoker 15 are sent farther downstream in the sending direction 90 than the front transported goods on the stoker 15. The rear progressive I operation or the rear progressive II operation is performed, for example, when it is desired to promote the movement of only the rear transported goods on the stoker 15.

[0048] <Front reverse feed> FIG. 13 is a timing chart of the front reverse feed I operation of the movable grate train 32. As shown in FIG. 13 and Table 1, in the front reverse feed I operation, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a low level while the movable grate train 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 is at a low level and the front support portion 44 is at a high level while the movable grate train 32 is moving backward. The low level may be replaced with a standard level. In the front reverse feed I operation, the front and rear portions of the movable grate train 32 move forward in a concave track. Also, the rear portion of the movable grate train 32 moves backward in a concave track, and the front portion moves backward in a convex track. The concave track may be replaced with a horizontal track.

[0049] The front reverse II operation in Table 1 differs from the front reverse I operation only in that the rear support 43 is at a high level during forward and reverse movement.

[0050] When the movable grate row 32 performs the front reverse feed I operation or the front reverse feed II operation as described above, the front conveyed material is sent farther upstream in the feed direction 90 than the rear conveyed material on the stoker 15. In the front reverse feed I operation, the rear conveyed material on the stoker 15 hardly moves, but in the front reverse feed II operation, the rear conveyed material on the stoker 15 is loosened. The front reverse feed I operation and the front reverse feed II operation are performed, for example, when conveyed material is stuck at the front of the stoker 15 and it is desired to loosen the conveyed material on the stoker 15.

[0051] <Rear reverse feed> FIG. 14 is a timing chart of the rear reverse feed I operation of the movable grate array 32. As shown in FIG. 14 and Table 1, in the rear reverse feed I operation, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 are at a low level while the movable grate array 32 is moving forward, and the rear support portion 43 is at a high level and the front support portion 44 is at a low level while the movable grate array 32 is moving backward. The low level may be replaced with a standard level. In the rear reverse feed I operation, the front and rear portions of the movable grate array 32 move forward in a concave track, the rear portion of the movable grate array 32 moves backward in a convex track, and the front portion of the movable grate array 32 moves backward in a concave track. The concave track may be replaced with a horizontal track.

[0052] The rear reverse II operation in Table 1 differs from the rear reverse I operation only in that the front support 44 is at a higher level during forward and reverse travel.

[0053] When the movable grate row 32 performs the rear reverse feed I operation or the rear reverse feed II operation as described above, the rear conveyed material is sent further upstream in the feed direction 90 than the front conveyed material on the stoker 15. In the rear reverse feed I operation, the front conveyed material on the stoker 15 hardly moves, but in the rear reverse feed II operation, the front conveyed material on the stoker 15 is loosened. The rear reverse feed I operation and the rear reverse feed II operation are performed, for example, when conveyed material is stuck in the center between the front and rear of the stoker 15 and it is desired to loosen the conveyed material on the stoker 15.

[0054] [Configuration example of drive device 33] Next, specific configuration examples 1 to 6 of the driving device 33 will be described.

[0055] <Configuration Example 1 of Driving Device 33> FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of the drive device 33. In the drive device 33a according to the first configuration example, the rear lifting device 51a and the front lifting device 52a can operate synchronously and independently. As shown in FIG. 15, the drive device 33a according to the first configuration example includes a carriage 55 that supports the movable fire grate row 32. The carriage 55 is capable of traveling on the furnace structural member 11 of the stoker furnace 1. A shifting device 50a of the drive device 33a moves the carriage 55 forward and backward relative to the furnace structural member 11. The shifting device 50a is, for example, a fluid pressure cylinder. The carriage 55 is provided with a rear lifting device 51a that supports the rear support portion 43 of the frame 42 so that it can be raised and lowered. The carriage 55 is provided with a front lifting device 52a that supports the front support portion 44 of the frame 42 so that it can be raised and lowered. The rear lifting device 51a and the front lifting device 52a are, for example, fluid pressure cylinders. The cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder serving as the rear lifting device 51a is connected to the carriage 55, and the cylinder rod is connected to the rear support part 43, so that the rear support part 43 of the frame 42 is raised and lowered by extension and contraction of the cylinder rod. Similarly, the cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder serving as the front lifting device 52a is connected to the carriage 55, and the cylinder rod is connected to the front support part 44, so that the front support part 44 of the frame 42 is raised and lowered by extension and contraction of the cylinder rod. Note that the tip of the cylinder rod of one of the front lifting device 52a and the rear lifting device 51a may be connected to the movable grate row 32 so as to be displaceable in the feed direction 90.

[0056] <Configuration Example 2 of Driving Device 33> FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of the drive device 33. In the drive device 33b according to the second configuration example, the rear lift device 51b and the front lift device 52b can operate synchronously and independently. As shown in FIG. 16, the drive device 33b according to the second configuration example includes a lifting platform 56 that supports the movable fire grate row 32. A rear roller 57 is rotatably supported on the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate row 32, and a front roller 58 is rotatably supported on the front support portion 44 of the movable fire grate row 32. These rollers 57, 58 can roll on the lifting platform 56. A shift device 50b is provided between the lifting platform 56 and the movable fire grate row 32, and moves the movable fire grate row 32 forward and backward relative to the lifting platform 56. The shift device 50b is, for example, a fluid pressure cylinder. The cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder serving as the shift device 50b is connected to the lifting platform 56, and the cylinder rod is connected to the frame 42, and the movable grate row 32 moves forward and backward as the cylinder rod extends and retracts. Note that the tip of the cylinder rod of one of the front lifting device 52b and the rear lifting device 51b may be connected to the lifting platform 56 so as to be displaceable in the feed direction 90.

[0057] The rear part of the lifting platform 56 is supported by the rear lifting device 51b, and the front part of the lifting platform 56 is supported by the front lifting device 52b. The rear lifting device 51b and the front lifting device 52b are supported by the furnace structural member 11. The rear roller 57 is located above the rear lifting device 51b, and the front roller 58 is located above the front lifting device 52b.

[0058] The rear lifting device 51b and the front lifting device 52b are, for example, fluid pressure cylinders. The cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder, which is the rear lifting device 51b, is connected to the furnace structural member 11, and the cylinder rod is connected to the lifting platform 56. The rear part of the lifting platform 56 is raised and lowered by the extension and contraction of the cylinder rod of the rear lifting device 51b. Similarly, the cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder, which is the front lifting device 52b, is connected to the furnace structural member 11, and the cylinder rod is connected to the lifting platform 56. The front part of the lifting platform 56 is raised and lowered by the extension and contraction of the cylinder rod of the front lifting device 52b.

[0059] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 17, the rear lifting device 51b may be configured by a combination of a lever 59 and an actuator 60. The actuator 60 may be a motor or a fluid pressure cylinder. The center of the lever 59 is rotatably supported on the furnace structural member 11, one end of the lever 59 is rotatably connected to the rear of the lifting platform 56, and the other end of the lever 59 is rotatably connected to the cylinder rod of a fluid pressure cylinder. Operation of the actuator 60 of the rear lifting device 51b rotates the lever 59, causing the rear of the lifting platform 56 to rise and fall. The front lifting device 52b is configured similarly to the rear lifting device 51b, and operation of the actuator 60 of the front lifting device 52b rotates the lever 59, causing the front of the lifting platform 56 to rise and fall. The rear lifting device 51b and the front lifting device 52b shown in FIG. 17 can operate synchronously. To enable further independent operation, the end of the lever 59 of one of the front lifting device 52b and the rear lifting device 51b may be connected to the lifting platform 56 so as to be displaceable in the feed direction 90.

[0060] <Configuration Example 3 of Driving Device 33> 18 and 19 are diagrams showing a third configuration example of the drive device 33. In the drive device 33c according to the third configuration example, the rear lift device 51c and the front lift device 52c can operate synchronously and independently. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the shift device 50c of the drive device 33c according to the third configuration example moves the movable fire grate row 32 forward and backward relative to the furnace structural member 11. The shift device 50c is, for example, a fluid pressure cylinder, and the cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder is connected to the furnace structural member 11, and the cylinder rod is connected to the frame 42. The movable fire grate row 32 moves forward and backward by extension and contraction of the cylinder rod of the shift device 50c.

[0061] A rear roller 57 is rotatably supported on the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32. A front roller 58 is rotatably supported on the front support portion 44 of the movable fire grate array 32. Two rail blocks 62 are supported on the furnace structural member 11 and spaced apart in the feed direction 90, and the rollers 57, 58 roll on the upper surfaces of the rail blocks 62. The upper surface of the rail block 62 has a front horizontal portion 63, a rear horizontal portion 64, a convex rail 65, and a concave rail 66. The front horizontal portion 63 and the rear horizontal portion 64 are spaced apart in the feed direction 90, and the convex rail 65 and the concave rail 66 are disposed between them. The convex rail 65 and the concave rail 66 are aligned in the lateral direction 91. However, as shown in FIG. 20 , the upper surface of the rail block 62A may further include a horizontal rail 67 between the front horizontal portion 63 and the rear horizontal portion 64. In the rail block 62A, a convex rail 65, a horizontal rail 67, and a concave rail 66 are arranged in the lateral direction 91 between the front horizontal portion 63 and the rear horizontal portion 64. Alternatively, the upper surface of the rail block 62A may be provided with the convex rail 65 and the horizontal rail 67 between the front horizontal portion 63 and the rear horizontal portion 64.

[0062] The rear lift device 51c includes a rail block 62 on which the rear roller 57 rolls and an actuator 68 that reciprocates the rail block 62 in the lateral direction 91. The front lift device 52c includes a rail block 62 on which the front roller 58 rolls and an actuator 68 that reciprocates the rail block 62 in the lateral direction 91. The movement of the rail block 62 in the lateral direction 91 allows the rollers 57, 58 to switch between passing through the convex rail 65 or the concave rail 66. When the rear roller 57 is located on the front horizontal portion 63 and the rear horizontal portion 64, the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32 is at the standard height. Similarly, when the front roller 58 is located on the front horizontal portion 63 and the rear horizontal portion 64, the front support portion 44 of the movable fire grate array 32 is at the standard height. When the rear roller 57 is located on the convex rail 65, the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32 is at a position higher than the standard height. Similarly, when the front roller 58 is on the convex rail 65, the front support portion 44 of the movable fire grate array 32 is positioned higher than the standard height. When the rear roller 57 is on the concave rail 66, the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32 is positioned lower than the standard height. Similarly, when the front roller 58 is on the concave rail 66, the front support portion 44 of the movable fire grate array 32 is positioned lower than the standard height. For example, when the rear roller 57 moves over the front horizontal portion 63, the convex rail 65, and the rear horizontal portion 64 in this order, the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32 moves backward, tracing a convex track that rises from the standard height and returns to the standard height. Also, for example, when the rear roller 57 moves over the front horizontal portion 63, the concave rail 66, and the rear horizontal portion 64 in this order, the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32 moves backward, tracing a concave track that descends from the standard height and returns to the standard height.

[0063] FIG. 21 is a diagram showing variations of the convex rail 65. As shown in FIG. 21A, the profile of the convex rail 65 when viewed from the lateral direction 91 may be an upwardly convex arc. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 21B, the profile of the convex rail 65 when viewed from the lateral direction 91 may be a mountain shape. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 21C, the profile of the convex rail 65 when viewed from the lateral direction 91 may be a trapezoid. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 21D, the profile of the convex rail 65 when viewed from the lateral direction 91 may be a wave shape with periodically repeated peaks.

[0064] 22A and 22B are diagrams showing variations of the concave rail 66. As shown in Fig. 22A, when the concave rail 66 is viewed from the lateral direction 91, the profile of the concave rail 66 may be a downwardly concave arc. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 22B, when the concave rail 66 is viewed from the lateral direction 91, the profile of the concave rail 66 may be a gutter shape.

[0065] The rail block 62 described above switches between the convex rail 65 and the concave rail 66 by moving forward and backward, but the rail block 62 may be configured to switch between the convex rail 65 and the concave rail 66 by rotating.

[0066] FIG. 23 is a side view of a drive unit 33c according to Modification 2 of Configuration Example 3, as viewed from the lateral direction 91. FIG. 24 is a side view of a drive unit 33c according to Modification 2 of Configuration Example 3, as viewed from the feed direction 90. As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 , the rail block 62B of the drive unit 33c according to Modification 2 is roller-shaped, and the rail block 62B rotates when an actuator 68 is operated. A convex rail 65 and a concave rail 66 are formed on the periphery of the rail block 62B. A front horizontal portion 63 is disposed in front of the rail block 62B, and a rear horizontal portion 64 is disposed behind the rail block 62B. The rear roller 57 provided on the rear support portion 43 of the movable fire grate array 32 rolls on the rear horizontal portion 64, the convex rail 65 or the concave rail 66, and the front horizontal portion 63, in that order, during forward travel. Furthermore, the rear roller 57 rolls on the front horizontal portion 63, the convex rail 65 or the concave rail 66, and the rear horizontal portion 64, in that order, during reverse travel. Whether the rear roller 57 rolls on the convex rail 65 or the concave rail 66 can be selected by the rotational position of the rail block 62B.

[0067] <Configuration Example 4 of Driving Device 33> Fig. 25 is a diagram showing a fourth configuration example of the drive device 33. In the drive device 33d according to the fourth configuration example, the rear lift device 51d and the front lift device 52d can be operated synchronously. As shown in Fig. 25, in the drive device 33d according to the fourth configuration example, the rear lift device 51d also functions as a shift device, and the front lift device 52d also functions as a shift device.

[0068] The rear lifting device 51d includes an elliptical link mechanism 70 and an actuator 69. The actuator 69 may be, for example, a combination of a motor or a hydraulic cylinder and a gear. The elliptical link mechanism 70 includes a rotating link 701, a connecting link 702, and a restricting link 703. The rotating link 701 receives the output of the actuator 69 and rotates around its base end. The connecting link 702 has a base end rotatably connected to the tip end of the rotating link 701 and a tip end rotatably connected to the rear support part 43 of the movable grate row 32. The restricting link 703 has a tip end connected to the center of the connecting link 702 and a base end rotatably connected to the furnace structural member 11. The front lifting device 52d has substantially the same configuration as the rear lifting device 51d.

[0069] In the rear lift device 51d and the front lift device 52d, when the rotary link 701 rotates around its base end by driving the actuator 69, the movable fire grate row 32 moves forward and backward in a vertically flattened elliptical orbit. In multiple movable fire grate rows 32 lined up in the horizontal direction 91, the rotary links 701 may have the same rotation phase, or the multiple movable fire grate rows 32 may be caused to move differently by varying the rotation phase of the rotary links 701. In addition, in the drive device 33d according to configuration example 4, the rear lift device 51d and the front lift device 52d can operate synchronously, but to enable independent operation, the tip of the connecting link 702 in one of the front lift device 52d and the rear lift device 51d may be connected to the movable fire grate row 32 so as to be displaceable in the feed direction 90.

[0070] <Configuration Example 5 of Driving Device 33> Fig. 26 is a diagram showing a fifth configuration example of the drive device 33. In the drive device 33e according to the fifth configuration example, the rear lift device 51e and the front lift device 52e can be operated synchronously. As shown in Fig. 26, in the drive device 33e according to the fifth configuration example, the rear lift device 51e also functions as a shift device, and the front lift device 52e also functions as a shift device.

[0071] The rear lifting device 51e includes a Chebyshev link mechanism 75 and an actuator 76. The Chebyshev link mechanism 75 includes a rotary link 751, a connecting link 752, and a regulating link 753. The rotary link 751 rotates upon receiving the output of the actuator 76. The connecting link 752 has a base end rotatably connected to the rotary link 751 and a tip end rotatably connected to the rear support portion 43 of the movable grate row 32. The regulating link 753 has a tip end connected to the center of the connecting link 752 and a base end rotatably connected to the furnace structural member 11. The front lifting device 52e has substantially the same configuration as the rear lifting device 51e.

[0072] In the rear lift device 51e and the front lift device 52e, when the actuator 76 drives the rotary link 751 to rotate about its base end, the movable fire grate row 32 moves forward in an upwardly convex arc-shaped convex orbit and moves backward in a horizontal orbit. In the multiple movable fire grate rows 32 aligned in the lateral direction 91, the rotary links 751 may have the same rotational phase, or the multiple movable fire grate rows 32 may be caused to move differently by varying the rotational phase of the rotary links 751. In the drive device 33e according to configuration example 5, the rear lift device 51e and the front lift device 52e can operate synchronously. To further enable independent operation, the end of the connecting link 752 of one of the front lift device 52e and the rear lift device 51e may be connected to the frame 42 so as to be displaceable in the feed direction 90.

[0073] <Configuration Example 6 of Driving Device 33> Fig. 27 is a diagram showing a sixth configuration example of the drive device 33. In the drive device 33f according to the sixth configuration example, the rear lift device 51f and the front lift device 52f can operate synchronously. As shown in Fig. 27, in the drive device 33f according to the sixth configuration example, the rear lift device 51f also functions as a shift device, and the front lift device 52f also functions as a shift device.

[0074] At least one roller 78 is rotatably supported on the frame 42 of the movable grate row 32 between the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44. The roller 78 rolls on rails 79 supported on the furnace structural member 11. When the roller 78 rolls on the rails 79, the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44 of the movable grate row 32 are at a standard level or at a level slightly lower than the standard level.

[0075] The rear lift device 51f has a lever 82, an actuator 81 that swings the lever 82, and a height adjustment device 83. The front lift device 52f has substantially the same configuration as the rear lift device 51f.

[0076] The actuator 81 swings the lever 82 back and forth around its base end. The actuator 81 may be a motor or a fluid pressure cylinder. A pin 821 is provided at the tip of the lever 82, and the pin 821 is inserted into a vertically elongated hole 84 that opens in the rear support part 43 of the movable fire grate array 32. In other words, the tip of the lever 82 is connected to the movable fire grate array 32 so that its height position can be changed.

[0077] The height adjustment device 83 adjusts the height of the connection position between the movable fire grate row 32 and the lever 82. Specifically, the height adjustment device 83 can adjust the position of the pin 821 relative to the elongated hole 84 of the movable fire grate row 32. While the embodiment of the height adjustment device 83 is not particularly limited, an example of the height adjustment device 83 shown in FIG. 27 includes a block 831 that can prevent the movement of the pin 821 and an actuator 832 that displaces the block 831 between a locked position and an unlocked position. When the position of the pin 821 is unlocked by the height adjustment device 83, the pin 821 can move up and down within the elongated hole 84. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 28, when the position of the pin 821 is locked by the height adjustment device 83, the block 831 in the locked position restricts the movement of the pin 821, and the pin 821 is held at a predetermined position within the elongated hole 84. As shown in FIG. 29, the block 831 may be provided with multiple locking portions. The position of the pin 821 within the elongated hole 84 is locked by the pin 821 abutting against any of the locking portions of the block 831. This allows the position of the pin 821 in the locked state to be selected from a plurality of positions within the elongated hole 84.

[0078] 27 , in the rear lift device 51f and the front lift device 52f, when the lever 82 is swung from rear to front with the pin 821 locked to the lower part of the elongated hole 84 by the height adjustment device 83, the movable fire grate row 32 moves forward in a convex trajectory. Similarly, when the lever 82 is swung from front to rear with the pin 821 locked to the lower part of the elongated hole 84 by the height adjustment device 83, the movable fire grate row 32 moves backward in a convex trajectory. Furthermore, in the rear lift device 51f and the front lift device 52f, when the lever 82 is rotated from front to rear or vice versa with the pin 821 unlocked by the height adjustment device 83, the pin 821 moves freely within the elongated hole 84 so that the roller 78 can run on the rail 79. In this way, the drive unit 33f swings the movable grate row 32 with the lever 82, and adjusts the height of the connection position between the lever 82 and the movable grate row 32, thereby moving the movable grate row 32 forward or backward along a predetermined trajectory.

[0079] [Summary] As described above, the stoker furnace 1 according to the present disclosure includes the stoker 15. The stoker 15 according to the present disclosure is Fixed grate rows 31 and movable grate rows 32 arranged alternately in a horizontal direction (i.e., a lateral direction 91) substantially perpendicular to the feed direction 90 of the transported object; The apparatus is characterized by being provided with drive devices 33, 33a to 33f that move the movable grate row 32 forward in a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction 90, and move the movable grate row 32 backward in a concave track or horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction 90.

[0080] With the stoker 15 having the above-described configuration, the materials to be conveyed are lifted by raising the conveying surfaces 39 of the movable grate row 32, and the conveying surfaces 39 move forward simultaneously, so that the materials are sent downstream in the feed direction 90. Also, the conveying surfaces 39 of the movable grate row 32 are lowered and moved backward simultaneously, so that the movable grate row 32 returns to the rear end without the conveying surfaces 39 acting on the materials to be conveyed. Alternatively, the movable grate row 32 moves backward along a horizontal trajectory, and the conveying surfaces 39 slide over the bottom surface of the material layer, but the movable grate row 32 returns to the rear end without sending much of the materials to be conveyed in the feed direction 90.

[0081] In the stoker 15 configured as described above, the movable grate row 32 repeatedly moves forward and backward relative to the fixed grate row 31, just like in a conventional parallel swinging stoker, so it is possible to provide a shearing effect (i.e., mixing force and transport force) equivalent to that of a conventional parallel swinging stoker. In addition, in the stoker 15 configured as described above, the grates 41 do not slide against each other, so it has superior durability compared to a conventional parallel swinging stoker.

[0082] Furthermore, with the stoker 15 configured as described above, the material can be stably transported in the feed direction 90 without providing the conveying surface 39 with a slope that descends downstream in the feed direction 90, as in conventional parallel swinging stokers. Therefore, it is possible to realize a stoker 15 that does not have a difference in height between the front and rear of the fixed grate row 31 and the movable grate row 32, as in conventional parallel swinging stokers. This reduces the installation height of the stoker 15, and ultimately reduces the building height of the stoker furnace 1. In this way, the stoker 15 configured as described above can eliminate the disadvantages while retaining the advantages of conventional parallel swinging stokers.

[0083] In the stoker 15 having the above-described configuration, the conveying surfaces 39 of the fixed grate row 31 and the movable grate row 32 may be substantially horizontal, or may have an inclination that increases with increasing distance from the horizontal toward the downstream side in the feeding direction 90 .

[0084] Generally, in a stoker furnace 1, multiple stokers 15 are arranged side by side in the feed direction 90. Figures 30A to 30D are diagrams showing variations in the arrangement of multiple stokers 15 arranged side by side in the feed direction 90 in a stoker furnace 1. In Figure 30A, the height levels of the conveying surfaces 39 of the multiple stokers 15 are approximately the same, and the conveying surfaces 39 of the multiple stokers 15 are approximately in the same horizontal plane. In this way, because the conveying surfaces 39 of the fixed grate row 31 and the movable grate row 32 are approximately horizontal, the installation height of the stokers 15 is reduced, and ultimately the building height of the stoker furnace 1 is reduced.

[0085] In Figure 30B, the height level of the conveying surface 39 of the first stoker 15 is higher than the height level of the conveying surfaces 39 of the second and third stokers 15. That is, a step is provided between the conveying surface 39 of the first stoker 15 and the conveying surface 39 of the second stoker 15. In Figure 30C, the height level of the conveying surface 39 of the third stoker 15 is lower than the conveying surfaces 39 of the first and second stokers 15. That is, a step is provided between the conveying surface 39 of the second stoker 15 and the conveying surface 39 of the third stoker 15. As shown in Figures 30B and 30C, even if a step is provided between the stokers 15 in the vertical direction, the installation height of the stokers 15 is kept low because the conveying surface 39 of each stoker 15 is approximately horizontal. The material falls down the vertical steps between the stokers 15, causing the material to break up, accelerating the evaporation and thermal decomposition of the water inside, and reducing the amount of unburned material in the stoker furnace 1. From this perspective, it is desirable that the stoker furnace 1 be provided with vertical steps between the stokers 15.

[0086] In Figure 30D, the conveying surfaces 39 of the second and third stokers 15 are approximately horizontal, but the conveying surface 39 of the first stoker 15 has an inclination that increases as it moves downstream in the feed direction 90. Therefore, a step is formed between the front end of the first stoker 15 and the rear end of the second stoker 15. As described above, the stoker furnace 1 includes a plurality of stokers 15 lined up in the feed direction 90, and it is desirable that at least one of the plurality of stokers 15 has the conveying surfaces 39 of the fixed grate row 31 and the movable grate row 32 inclined upward relative to the horizontal as it moves downstream in the feed direction 90. This provides a stoker furnace 1 in which a vertical step is formed between the stokers 15 while keeping the installation height of the stokers 15 low. In the example shown in Figure 30D, only the first stoker 15 has an inclined conveying surface 39, but any one of the first to third stokers 15 may have an inclined conveying surface 39, or more than one of the first to third stokers 15 may have an inclined conveying surface 39.

[0087] In addition, in the stoker 15 of the above configuration, the movable grate row 32 has a rear support section 43 and a front support section 44 that are spaced apart in the feed direction 90, and the drive devices 33, 33a to 33c may have rear lift devices 51, 51a to 51c that raise and lower the rear support section 43, front lift devices 52, 52a to 52c that raise and lower the front support section 44, and shift devices 50, 50a to 50c that move the movable grate row 32 forward and backward in the feed direction 90.

[0088] In the stoker 15 having the above configuration, the rear lifting devices 51, 51a to 51c and the front lifting devices 52, 52a to 52c may be capable of synchronous operation or independent operation.

[0089] This allows the movable fire grate array 32 to perform not only forward and reverse movements but also various other movements according to the purpose.

[0090] For example, in the stoker 15 according to the present disclosure, the movable grate row 32 has rollers 57, 58 arranged on each of the rear support portion 43 and the front support portion 44, and the drive device 33c has a shift device 50c that moves the movable grate row 32 forward and backward in the feed direction 90, a rail block 62 having a plurality of rails on its upper surface, including a convex rail 65 and at least one of a horizontal rail 67 and a concave rail 66, and an actuator 68 that operates the rail block 62 so that the rollers 57, 58 roll on one of the plurality of rails.

[0091] According to the drive device 33c configured in this manner, the rear lift device 51c and the front lift device 52c can operate synchronously or independently.

[0092] Furthermore, in the stoker 15 having the above configuration, the movable grate row 32 has a rear support portion 43 and a front support portion 44 spaced apart in the feed direction 90, and the drive device 33, 33d to 33f may have a rear lift device 51, 51d to 51f that raises and lowers the rear support portion 43 and moves it in the feed direction 90, and a front lift device 52, 52d to 52f that raises and lowers the front support portion 44 and moves it in the feed direction 90.

[0093] For example, in the stoker 15 according to the present disclosure, each of the rear lift device 51d and the front lift device 52d includes an elliptical link mechanism 70 and an actuator 69 that operates the elliptical link mechanism 70.

[0094] For example, in the stoker 15 according to the present disclosure, each of the rear lift device 51 e and the front lift device 52 e includes a Chebyshev link mechanism 75 and an actuator 76 that operates the Chebyshev link mechanism 75 .

[0095] For example, in the stoker 15 according to the present disclosure, each of the rear lifting device 51f and the front lifting device 52f includes a lever 82 connected to the movable grate row 32 so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction, an actuator 81 that swings the lever 82, and a height adjustment device 83 that adjusts the height of the connection position between the movable grate row 32 and the lever 82.

[0096] According to the rear lift devices 51d to 51f and the front lift devices 52d to 52f configured as described above, the movable fire grate row 32 can be advanced along a convex track, and the movable fire grate row 32 can be reversed along a concave track or a horizontal track.

[0097] The functions of the controller 53 disclosed herein can be performed using circuits or processing circuits, including general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, integrated circuits, ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), conventional circuits, and / or combinations thereof, configured or programmed to perform the disclosed functions. A processor is considered a processing circuit or circuitry because it includes transistors and other circuitry. In this disclosure, a circuit, unit, or means is hardware that performs the recited functions. The hardware may be hardware disclosed herein or other known hardware that is programmed or configured to perform the recited functions. Where hardware is a processor, which is considered a type of circuit, the circuit, means, or unit is a combination of hardware and software, and the software is used to configure the hardware and / or processor.

[0098] The foregoing discussion of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description and is not intended to limit the present disclosure to the form disclosed herein. For example, in the foregoing Detailed Description, various features of the present disclosure are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. However, multiple features included in the present disclosure can be combined into alternative embodiments, configurations, or aspects other than those discussed above. [Explanation of symbols]

[0099] 1: Stoker furnace 15: Stalker 30: Grate row 31: Fixed grate row 32: Movable grate row 33, 33a to 33f: drive unit 39:Transport surface 41: Fire grate 42: Frame 43: Rear support part 44: Front support part 50, 50a to 50c: Shift device 51, 51a to 51f: Rear lift device 52, 52a to 52f: Front lift device 53: Controller 57,58: Laura 59: Lever 60: Actuator 62, 62A, 62B: Rail block 65: Convex rail 66: Concave rail 69: Actuator 70: Oval link mechanism 75: Chebyshev link mechanism 76: Actuator 78: Laura 79: Rail 81: Actuator 82: Lever 83: Height adjustment device 84: Long hole 90: Feed direction 91: Horizontal

Claims

1. A row of fixed grates and a row of movable grates are alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable grate row has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, The drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support part, a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support part, and a shift device that moves the movable fire grate row forward and backward in the feed direction, The rear lift device and the front lift device can operate synchronously or independently. Stalker.

2. A row of fixed grates and a row of movable grates arranged alternately in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable fire grate array has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, and has rollers arranged on each of the rear support portion and the front support portion, The drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support part, a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support part, and a shift device that moves the movable fire grate row forward and backward in the feed direction, Each of the rear lift device and the front lift device includes a rail block having a plurality of rails, including a convex rail and at least one of a horizontal rail and a concave rail, and an actuator that operates the rail block so that the roller rolls on any one of the plurality of rails. Stalker.

3. The rear lift device and the front lift device can operate synchronously or independently.

3. The stoker according to claim 2.

4. A fixed grate row and a movable grate row alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable grate row has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, the drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support portion and moves it in the feed direction, and a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support portion and moves it in the feed direction, Each of the rear lift device and the front lift device includes a Chebyshev link mechanism and an actuator that operates the Chebyshev link mechanism. Stalker.

5. A fixed grate row and a movable grate row alternately arranged in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the transported object; a drive device that moves the movable fire grate row forward along a convex track toward the downstream side in the feed direction and moves the movable fire grate row backward along a concave track or a horizontal track toward the upstream side in the feed direction; The movable grate row has a rear support portion and a front support portion spaced apart in the feed direction, the drive device includes a rear lift device that raises and lowers the rear support portion and moves it in the feed direction, and a front lift device that raises and lowers the front support portion and moves it in the feed direction, Each of the rear lift device and the front lift device includes a lever connected to the movable grate row so as to be displaceable in the height direction, an actuator that swings the lever, and a height adjustment device that adjusts the height of the connection position between the movable grate row and the lever. Stalker.

6. A stoker according to any one of claims 1 to 5, Stoker furnace.

Images