Lubricant composition containing ionic liquid

Abstract

A lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5% by weight of a base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the base oil having a solubility of at least 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, the base oil having at least 50% by weight of base oil A based on the total weight of the base oil, base oil A having a solubility of at least 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, 20 to 99.5% by weight of a base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition; and b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of an ionic liquid having an anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid, and to the use of the same.

[0002] Ionic liquids are known to be usable as additives in lubricants such as lubricating greases and lubricating oils. This can positively influence tribological properties such as friction, wear, and conductivity. Particularly good results are obtained with ionic liquids containing groups including CFx. These groups are usually found in anions and, as additives in lubricants, improve their thermal load capacity and conductivity. Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) is an important representative example of these anions due to its excellent thermal resistance and hydrolysis resistance.

[0003] However, a drawback of compounds containing CFx is that these groups are not biodegradable, and as a result, ionic liquids containing such groups are persistent.

[0004] From the specification of European Patent Application Publication No. 3872154, a) Lubricants (Schmiermittel), especially lubricants containing non-polar base oils (Basisoel), b) A first ionic liquid soluble in polyalphaolefin (PAO) made from 1-decene as a monomer component, particularly PAO400 / 40, c) Polyalphaolefin (PAO) made from 1-decene as a monomer component, particularly a second ionic liquid insoluble in PAO400 / 40 Lubricant compositions containing (Schmierstoffzusammensetzung) are known.

[0005] Among the possible second ionic liquids, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphoniumbis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is a notable example. However, it is known to those skilled in the art that bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi)-based ionic liquids exhibit significantly lower thermal resistance than ionic liquids containing a CFx group. This can be mainly explained by the lack of a strong carbon-fluorine bond within the fsi anion, which negatively impacts the overall molecular stability.

[0006] Further drawbacks of the described lubricant compositions include the increased complexity of the manufacturing process and associated manufacturing costs due to the use of two different ionic liquids, and the limitation of the lubricant compositions to non-polar base oils. Certainly, non-polar base oils may contain polar components; however, this is always less than 50% by weight based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0007] European Patent No. 2164935 describes using a selected ionic liquid having a fluorine-containing anion in a lubricant composition to reduce lubricant aging and electrical resistance.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition that eliminates the need for the use of BTA-containing ionic liquids and has good tribological properties with respect to friction, wear, and conductivity. Furthermore, it is desirable that this lubricant composition has sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180°C, and contains a high proportion of polar base oil.

[0009] This problem concerns lubricant compositions, a) A base oil (Grundoel) in an amount of 20 to 99.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the base oil has a solubility of at least 3% by weight in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C, and the base oil contains base oil A in an amount of at least 50% by weight based on the total weight of the base oil, wherein base oil A has a solubility of at least 3% by weight in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C, b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, consisting of an ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This is solved by a lubricant composition containing [the specified ingredient].

[0010] According to the present invention, it has been found that by using this lubricant composition, it is possible to omit the use of ionic liquids containing bta and still obtain good tribological properties with respect to friction, wear, and conductivity. Furthermore, the lubricant composition can contain a high proportion of polar base oil, which also has sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180°C. Since bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide-based ionic liquids as anions are known to have only slight thermal stability, the high temperature stability of the lubricant composition according to the present invention was surprising. Regardless of the mechanism, the surprisingly high thermal stability of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as anion in the lubricant according to the present invention is presumed to be due to solubilization by a base oil with stabilizing properties. Stabilization by preventing or delaying autocatalytic action by the base oil is also conceivable.

[0011] According to the present invention, the lubricant composition comprises a base oil having a solubility of at least 3% by weight in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. This solubility indicates the high polarity of the base oil. This base oil further comprises base oil A, which similarly has a solubility of at least 3% by weight in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. The solubility in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is advantageously carried out as described in the chapter on test methods.

[0012] The base oil may include one or more base oils A, and optionally a base oil different from base oil A. However, according to the present invention, the lubricant composition preferably does not contain any base oils other than the base oil.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil has a solubility of at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, and more preferably at least 10% by weight, in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil is at least 3% by weight to 30% of the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. weight% It has solubility in the range of and / or at least 5% to 30% by weight, and / or at least 10% to 30% by weight, and / or at least 3% to 20% by weight, and / or at least 5% to 20% by weight, and / or at least 10% to 20% by weight, and / or at least 3% to 15% by weight, and / or at least 5% to 15% by weight, and / or at least 10% to 15% by weight.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil does not contain an ionic liquid having a melting temperature below 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil is not an ionic liquid having a melting temperature of less than 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil is ion-free. Particularly preferably, the base oil consists of an organic compound.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A has a solubility of at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, and more preferably at least 10% by weight, in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A is at least 3% by weight to 99% of the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. weight% It has solubility in the range of and / or at least 5% by weight to 99% by weight and / or at least 10% by weight to 99% by weight and / or at least 3% by weight to 80% by weight and / or at least 5% by weight to 80% by weight and / or at least 10% by weight to 80% by weight and / or at least 3% by weight to 15% by weight and / or at least 5% by weight to 15% by weight and / or at least 10% by weight to 15% by weight.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, base oil A is present in each case in a proportion of 50 to 100% by weight and / or a proportion of more than 55% by weight, for example 55 to 100% by weight, and / or a proportion of more than 60% by weight, for example 60 to 100% by weight, even more preferably in a proportion of more than 70% by weight, for example 70 to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0021] The proportion of the base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is 20% to 99.5% by weight, preferably 40% to 95% by weight, even more preferably 60% to 90% by weight, even more preferably 70% to 95% by weight, particularly 75% to 85% by weight.

[0022] The proportion of base oil A based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is advantageously 10% to 99.5% by weight, even more preferably 35% to 95% by weight, even more preferably 40% to 90% by weight, particularly 35% to 85% by weight.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, base oil A is an ester and / or a polyglycol, and the polyglycol is advantageously a polyglycol containing an unsubstituted ethylene unit as a carbon group in the repeating unit. A particularly preferred polyglycol is a polyalkylene glycol containing an unsubstituted ethylene unit as a carbon group in the repeating unit, and advantageously a polyalkylene glycol containing an unsubstituted ethylene unit and a methyl-substituted ethylene unit as carbon groups in the repeating unit. Similarly preferred polyglycols are polyalkylene glycols containing an unsubstituted ethylene unit as a carbon group in the repeating unit, and the weight ratio of the unsubstituted ethylene unit is advantageously at least 20% by weight, for example 20% to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol, and advantageously at least 30% by weight, for example 30% to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol.

[0024] In preferred embodiments, the ester has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio greater than 0.1, for example 0.1 to 0.35, preferably greater than 0.15, for example 0.15 to 0.30, and / or the polyglycol has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio greater than 0.44, for example 0.44 to 0.70, preferably greater than 0.50, for example 0.50 to 0.68.

[0025] Particularly preferred polyglycols are selected from homopolymers from ethylene oxide as the sole monomer and / or copolymers having unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeating units, wherein the weight percentage of unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymer is, advantageously, at least 20% by weight, e.g., 20% to 90% by weight, and more advantageously, at least 30% by weight, e.g., 30% to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol. Particularly preferred end groups of the polyglycol are, independently of each other, preferably a hydroxide group and / or a C1-C20 alkoxide group, preferably a C1-C6 alkoxide group. The alkoxide end groups may be further substituted. End groups can be introduced during the production of polyglycol by reacting the monomer ethylene oxide with a monofunctional starter. The monofunctional starter is preferably water and an alcohol, particularly butanol. Two or more chains of polyglycol can also be linked via end groups. Alkyl groups are preferred as linking end groups. This can be done when producing polyglycols from ethylene oxide using nucleophilic, bifunctional or more functional starters. Examples of bifunctional starters include diols, particularly 1,2-ethanediols.

[0026] Preferred esters are carboxylic acid esters, preferably monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, and preferably estrids. Particularly preferred are diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, estrids, and mixtures thereof. Similarly preferred carboxylic acid esters are aromatic esters of preferably aromatic C8-C20, preferably C8-C10 di-, tri-, or tetracarboxylic acids with aliphatic C7-C22 alcohols presenting as one or a mixture, and preferably aliphatic esters of aliphatic C4-C22 monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids with aliphatic mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, or hexa-alcohols presenting individually or in mixtures having 3-22 carbon atoms, preferably polyol esters, for example, preferably composite esters, estrids, and mixtures thereof. The acid and / or alcohol components and / or hydroxycarboxylic acid components of the carboxylic acid esters independently have preferably C3-C54 carbon atoms. The preferred acid component has a number of carbon atoms from C4 to C22, the preferred alcohol component has a number of carbon atoms from C3 to C22, and / or the preferred hydroxycarboxylic acid component has a number of carbon atoms from C14 to C22. The preferred diester is a diester whose acid component has fewer than 36 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The advantage of these esters is their good solubility in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

[0027] Estolids are oligomeric aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid, or oligomers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, preferably oleic acid, wherein the terminal carboxylic acid group is esterified with a monoalcohol, dialcohol, trialcohol and / or tetraalcohol, preferably a branched monoalcohol, very preferably a Guerbet alcohol, and any free hydroxide groups that may be present may be esterified by reaction with a monocarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid. Particularly preferred are aliphatic esters of monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, with mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and / or hexa-alcohols, which exist individually or in mixtures, having 3 to 22 carbon atoms.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having C5 to C22 carbon atoms with aliphatic tri-, tetra-, and hexa-alcohols having C3 to C10 carbon atoms, which exist individually or in mixtures, particularly trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol, and / or aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having C6 to C20 carbon atoms with aliphatic mono- and / or di-alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which exist individually or in mixtures, as well as aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids and aromatic esters of aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohols, which exist individually or in mixtures, and mixtures thereof.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A does not contain an ionic liquid having a melting temperature of less than 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A is not an ionic liquid having a melting temperature of less than 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A is ion-free. Particularly preferably, base oil A consists of an organic compound.

[0032] A similarly suitable base oil according to the present invention comprises base oil A in a mixture with base oil B, wherein base oil B is less than 3% by weight relative to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C, for example 0.01 It has a solubility of wt% to 3 wt%, preferably less than 2.5 wt%, for example 0.01 wt% to 2.5 wt%, more preferably less than 2 wt%, for example 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, and even more preferably less than 1 wt%, for example 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, base oil B is base oil B1 having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of up to 0.1, for example 0 to 0.1, and / or base oil B2 having a halogen and / or silicon content of more than 5% by weight, for example 5% to 30% by weight, preferably 10% to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of base oil B2.

[0034] When the base oil contains base oil A in a mixture with base oil B, the proportion of base oil A is greater than 50% by weight, for example 50-90% by weight, more preferably greater than 60% by weight, for example 60-85% by weight, and especially greater than 70% by weight, for example 70-85% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0035] Preferred base oil B is a polyalkylene glycol having, advantageously exclusively, ethylene units substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, from the group consisting of base oils of Group I, II, II+, III, IV, and Group V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p.14ff], preferably diphenyl ether, alkylated naphthalene, polyisobutylene, silicone oil, polytetrahydrofuran and oxetane polymers, and aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, wherein the weight percentage of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycol is less than 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol. The base oils are selected from polyalkylene glycols and esters, preferably aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 22 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably 34 to 38 carbon atoms, and aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, either individually or in mixtures; aliphatic esters of aliphatic tricarboxylic acids having 33 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 50 to 58 carbon atoms, and aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, either individually or in mixtures; and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred base oils are alkylated diphenyl ethers, polyisobutylene, polyalphaolefins; and mixtures thereof. The base oil may consist of a mixture of the aforementioned base oils.

[0036] If present, the proportion of base oil B is, favorably, less than 50% by weight, for example, 10–49% by weight, more preferably up to 40% by weight, for example, 10–40% by weight, and especially up to 30% by weight, for example, 10–30% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0037] If present, the proportion of base oil B is advantageously up to 48% by weight, for example 5 to 48% by weight, more preferably up to 40% by weight, for example 10% to 40% by weight, and especially up to 30% by weight, for example 10 to 30%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil B does not contain an ionic liquid having a melting temperature below 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil B is not an ionic liquid having a melting temperature of less than 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil B is ion-free. Particularly preferably, base oil B consists of an organic compound.

[0041] The lubricating composition according to the present invention preferably has a temperature of 20 mm at 40°C. 2 / s~1500mm 2 / s, preferably 20mm 2 / s~320mm 2 / s, even more preferably 25mm 2 / s~220mm 2 / s, and more preferably 30mm 2 / s~150mm 2 It has a kinematic viscosity of / s. The kinematic viscosity is measured according to ASTM D 7042, 2021.01 edition.

[0042] According to the present invention, the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 80% by weight, more preferably 2% to 40% by weight, even more preferably 2% to 20% by weight, even more preferably 3% to 15% by weight, and particularly 5% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the base oil comprises base oil A and base oil B in a weight ratio of at least 50:50, such as 50:50 to 60:40, particularly preferably at least 60:40, such as 60:40 to 70:30, even more preferably at least 70:30, such as 70:30 to 90:10, especially at least 80:20, such as 80:20 to 90:10.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment, the base oil comprises base oil A and base oil B in a weight ratio of 50:50 to 60:40, and the proportion of the ionic liquid having an anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 60:40 to 70:30, and the proportion of the ionic liquid having an anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% to 15% by weight, preferably 3% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 70:30 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid having an anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% to 40% by weight, preferably 3% to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 80:20 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid having an anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0045] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetric and asymmetric ammonium ions, NR1R2R3R4+, and phosphonium ions PR1R2R3R4+. The residues R1 to R4 are independently of each other branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted C1- to C 24 -, preferably C1- to C 18 -, particularly preferably C6- to C 18 -alkyl group or C6- to C 30-It may be an aryl group. Preferred substituents are alkoxy, carboxy, amide, amino, thiocarboxy, carbamoyl, oxo, thioxo and / or hydroxy.

[0046] Advantageously, residues R1 to R4 are selected to have a total of at least 10 carbon atoms, advantageously at least 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably at least 25 carbon atoms.

[0047] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid comprises one or more cations selected from the group consisting of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, trioctylmethylammonium, tributylmethylphosphonium, and tributylphosphonium. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, and trioctylmethylammonium are highly preferred.

[0048] The lubricant composition according to the present invention may also have a mixture of different ionic liquids in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in each case, but the cation is different. The lubricant composition according to the present invention may also further have another ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. In this case, the proportion of the other ionic liquid is advantageously 0.5% to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0049] However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition does not contain an ionic liquid whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This is advantageous because the use of multiple ionic liquids complicates the manufacturing process and increases the associated manufacturing costs. More preferably, the lubricant composition does not contain an ionic liquid containing bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BTA) as an anion. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons. In another embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition does not contain an ionic liquid whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or contains one in a proportion of up to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. More preferably, the lubricant composition does not contain an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group, or contains an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group in a proportion of up to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons.

[0050] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is P666(14)fsi, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [ka] N1888 fsi, methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [ka] P444(14)fsi, tributyltetradecylphosphonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [ka] P8888 fsi, tetraoctylphosphonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [ka] The group is selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition includes a thickener. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition is formed as a lubricating grease.

[0052] Lubricating grease is a preferred embodiment of the lubricant composition. This is because, since lubricating grease is usually present in smaller quantities than lubricating oil at the lubrication point, the positive effect on life due to the ionic liquid FSI is particularly pronounced in lubricating grease.

[0053] Preferably, the lubricant composition contains a thickener in an amount of 3 to 35% by weight, more preferably 4 to 30% by weight, and particularly 6 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0054] Preferably, the walk penetration (in units of 1 / 10 mm) of the lubricant composition formed as a lubricating grease is 400 to 200, more preferably 330 to 220, and even more preferably 300 to 250. The walk penetration is determined according to DIN ISO 2137, December 2016 edition.

[0055] Advantageously, the thickener is selected from urea, aluminum complex soaps, metal-simple soaps of elements from Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table, especially lithium simple soaps, metal-complex soaps of elements from Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table, especially lithium complex soaps, bentonite, sulfonates, silicates, polyimides, and mixtures thereof. Urea refers to the reaction product of an organic monofunctional, difunctional, trifunctional, or higher functional isocyanate and / or mixture thereof with an aliphatic and / or aromatic monofunctional, difunctional, trifunctional, or higher functional organic amine.

[0056] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is urea. The advantage of urea is that it can be used at high application temperatures, and thus, when combined with ionic liquids containing fsi as anion, results in a lubricating grease with particularly long life. Preferred ureas are diisocyanates, advantageously 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyantodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane (these can be used individually or in combination) and those of the general formula (H2N) x The reaction product of R [wherein x=1 or 2, and R is an aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or alkylene residue having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, which may be present individually or in combination] from an amine or diamine.

[0057] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a diurea comprising aliphatic, cyclic aliphatic / aliphatic and / or cyclic aliphatic urea.

[0058] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is formula A [ka] It is a diurea represented by, In the formula, R2 is a C6-15 divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue, and R1 and R3 are, independently of each other, C6-20 cycloalkyl residues, particularly cyclohexyl residues, or linear or branched C8-20 alkyl residues.

[0059] Diurea compounds that can be preferably used in accordance with the present invention are described in German Patent Application Publication No. 112012001102.

[0060] Preferred thickeners are: Formula A: [ka] aliphatic ureas, Formula B: [ka] aliphatic ureas, Formula C: [ka] aliphatic ureas, Formula D: [ka] cyclic aliphatic / aliphatic urea, Formula E: [ka] cyclic aliphatic / aliphatic urea, Formula F: [ka] cyclic aliphatic urea and a diurea compound selected from mixtures thereof.

[0061] In the ureas of formulas A to E, the alkyl groups are unbranched.

[0062] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a lithium-compound soap. The advantage of the lithium-compound soap is that it can be used at high application temperatures, and thus, when combined with an ionic liquid containing FSI as an anion, it results in a lubricating grease with particularly long life. Preferred lithium complex soaps are produced starting from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, corticic acid, terephthalic acid, and dodecanediic acid, and / or higher functional higher carboxylic acids having three or more, preferably three to four carboxylic acid groups (the number of carbon groups can be 6 to 60), for example, preferably starting from citric acid and trimer acid, and / or one or more of the aforementioned acids combined with one or more monocarboxylic acids in each case, preferably one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, preferably ester compounds combined with stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, especially 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides, one or more ester compounds of the aforementioned acids, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides and / or sebacic acid monostearylamide and / or terephthalic acid monostearylamide. Trimer acid refers to a tricarboxylic acid having preferably 54 carbon atoms, obtained by the trimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid, which includes an alkyl side chain, a double bond, and a cyclic ring system.

[0063] The lubricant composition may also contain inorganic and / or organic solid lubricants. Preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfides, phosphates, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonates, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxides, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicates and layered silicates, talc, mica, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfides, phosphates, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonates, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxides, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicates and layered silicates, talc, mica, and mixtures thereof.

[0064] If present, the proportion of solid lubricant in the lubricant composition according to the present invention is, in each case, advantageously 0.5% to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, and particularly 0.5% to 18% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0065] Furthermore, the lubricant composition may contain additives to protect against corrosion, oxidation (antioxidants), and the effects of metals, such as chelating compounds, free radical scavengers, UV stabilizers, reaction layer forming agents, viscosity improvers, pour point depressants, adhesion improvers, and / or additives to reduce oil separation in the grease.

[0066] Advantageously, the proportion of additives in the lubricant composition according to the present invention is 0.5% to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, even more preferably 1% to 18% by weight, and particularly 1.5% to 12% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Preferably, additives are used in the form of phosphorus-containing, sulfur-containing, nitrogen-containing and / or oxygen-containing compounds, polymers and / or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred additives are aromatic amines, phenols, especially alkylated phenols, triazoles, such as benzotriazole and tolyltriazole, esters, especially sulfurized fatty acid esters, glycerol mono- or diesters, sorbitan esters, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, especially molybdenum dithiocarbamate, phosphates, especially thiophosphates, oligomer phosphates, oligomer thiophosphates, dithiophosphates, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiophosphate, phosphate amines, trialkyl phosphates, triaryl phosphates, phosphates, metal salts, carboxylic acids, polymers, especially polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.

[0067] Highly preferred additives include aromatic amines, alkylated phenols, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, triaryl phosphates, phosphate amines, benzotriazoles, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0068] A particularly preferred additive is aromatic amines, because it has been surprisingly found that their use can significantly delay the initiation of oxidation by ionic liquids.

[0069] Preferred aromatic amines according to the present invention are styrene-diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, phenyl-β-naphthylamine, octyl and / or butylated diphenylamine, particularly p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and nonylated diphenylamine. Therefore, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition has a diphenylamine, particularly p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, as an antioxidant.

[0070] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition contains additives in an amount of 0.5% to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, and particularly 0.5% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0071] Advantageously, the lubricant composition is characterized by a lower limit operating temperature of -30°C or less, e.g., -60°C to -30°C, preferably -40°C or less, e.g., -60°C to -40°C, as determined in accordance with IP 186, 2015 edition, and / or a higher limit operating temperature of at least +160°C, e.g., 160°C to 220°C, preferably at least +180°C, e.g., 180°C to 220°C, as determined in accordance with DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition.

[0072] Another subject of the present invention is a lubricant composition, a) A base oil comprising 20 to 99.5% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the base oil comprises at least 50% by weight of base oil A' based on the total weight of the base oil, and base oil A' comprises an ester and / or polyglycol having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio greater than 0.1, for example 0.1 to 0.35, preferably greater than 0.15, for example 0.15 to 0.30, and advantageously, a polyglycol having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio greater than 0.44, for example 0.44 to 0.70, preferably greater than 0.50, for example 0.50 to 0.68, and containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon groups in repeating units, b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, consisting of an ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This is a lubricant composition containing [the specified ingredient].

[0073] Preferred embodiments of the lubricant composition described above include embodiments described by application with respect to the lubricant composition according to the present invention. For example, preferred embodiments of the lubricant composition described above with respect to base oil A' include embodiments with respect to base oil A described with respect to the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0074] A further subject of the present invention is the use of lubricant compositions according to the present invention for the lubrication of drive elements, advantageously rolling bearings, transmission mechanisms, sliding bearings, actuators and / or chains.

[0075] Preferably, the drive element to which the potential is applied is a rolling bearing, advantageously a transmission mechanism, a sliding bearing, an actuator and / or a chain.

[0076] Further preferred drive elements are rolling bearings, transmission mechanisms, sliding bearings, actuators and / or chains, which are installed in systems and machinery for food manufacturing and conveying, wind turbines, vehicles, advantageously automobiles, especially hybrid and electric vehicles, railway vehicles, industrial plants, industrial robots and / or ships.

[0077] Particularly preferred are the drive elements selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, rolling bearings of electric motors in hybrid and electric vehicles in particular, generators in electric vehicles and railway vehicles in particular, wind turbines, industrial motors, auxiliary units of vehicles and / or joints of vehicles.

[0078] Particularly preferred, the lubricant composition is used to lubricate the rolling bearings of electric motors in hybrid vehicles and / or electric vehicles.

[0079] The advantage of this is that the lubricant compositions according to the present invention exhibit a combination of properties particularly suitable for these applications. Particularly advantageous is the excellent temperature stability combined with the ability to discharge potential.

[0080] Further subject matter of the present invention includes the use of a lubricant composition for lubricating rolling bearings of drive elements that require a lower operating temperature of -30°C or less, e.g., -60°C to -30°C, preferably -40°C or less, e.g., -60°C to -30°C, as determined in accordance with IP 186, 2015 edition, and / or a higher operating temperature of at least +160°C, e.g., 160°C to 220°C, and more preferably at least +180°C, e.g., 180°C to 220°C, as determined in accordance with DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0081] [Figure 1] This figure shows the results of DSC measurements under an O2 atmosphere. [Figure 2] This figure shows the results of DSC measurements under an N2 atmosphere.

[0082] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to several embodiments that do not limit the present invention.

[0083] Example 1 TGA measurements were performed on ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14)fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14)bta), and the obtained values ​​were compared with each other.

[0084] [Table 1]

[0085] As expected, TGA measurements showed that P666(14)bta exhibited superior temperature stability compared to P666(14)fsi. Evaporation loss values ​​were lower for P666(14)bta when measured in both air and N2. The superior temperature stability of bta can be explained by the strong carbon-fluorine bond within the anion.

[0086] Example 2 DSC measurements were performed on the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14)fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14)bta).

[0087] Figure 1 shows the results of DSC measurements under an O2 atmosphere, and Figure 2 shows the results of DSC measurements under an N2 atmosphere.

[0088] Figure 1 shows that P666(14)fsi exhibits earlier onset than P666(14)bta, and consequently has lower stability.

[0089] Figure 2 shows that P666(14)fsi exhibits a significant exothermic reaction around 270°C, while P666(14)bta does not. Both studies confirm that ionic liquids containing the fsi anion in the pure substance have low thermal resistance.

[0090] Example 3 To determine the evaporation loss, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14)fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14)bta) were placed in cylindrical threaded vials (base area 1.5 cm²). 2 Fill the vial (5 cm high). Accurately weigh out 200 mg each of the two ILs. At two different test temperatures, use one vial without a sphere (a 100Cr6 steel sphere according to DIN 51350-1, March 2015 edition) and one vial with a sphere. The purpose of this is to test whether a reaction occurs between the metal of the sphere and the ionic liquid inside the vial.

[0091] [Table 2]

[0092] [Table 3]

[0093] At a test temperature of 150°C, there is a difference in the evaporation losses of both ionic liquids in the pure substances. In the sample without the sphere, the evaporation loss of P666(14)bta continuously increases over the measurement period. In comparison, an increase in overall weight is observed in the fsi sample. In the presence of the steel sphere, P666(14)fsi is found to have lower evaporation losses than P666(14)bta. With the sphere, the overall evaporation loss values ​​are significantly higher for both substances. However, in the case of P666(14)fsi, the value increases initially and then decreases again towards the end.

[0094] At 180°C, the evaporation losses of both substances are naturally higher than at 150°C. In contrast to the lower test temperatures, the trend in the values ​​of P666(14)fsi is not remarkable. Nevertheless, at the end of the period, these are higher than those of P666(14)bta. Overall, the observed values ​​can be understood as involving phenomena such as water absorption / release, corrosion of the steel ball, and catalytic decomposition, in addition to decomposition with mass loss. At 180°C, testing of the pure form of the substance suggests that the stability of IL containing fsi is lower than that of IL containing bta.

[0095] Example 4 Production of two greases and a comparative grease according to the present invention from base grease A Base grease A The base oil viscosity at 40°C is approximately 72 mmHg. 2The compound consists of 85 wt% trimellitic acid ester (TMSE-A) containing C9-C11 alcohols with an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.20 / s, 11 wt% urea thickener consisting of reaction products of aliphatic saturated amines, aliphatic unsaturated amines, and aromatic amines with a mixture of MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and TDI (a mixture of 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and 2,6-diisocyanatochuene in a molar ratio of approximately 4:1). As additives, 0.5 wt% p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and 3.5 wt% of other additives (corrosion prevention, wear resistance) are used.

[0096] This base grease A contains 5% by weight of P666(14)fsi( Grease 1 according to the present invention ) or 5% by weight of P666(14)bta( Comparison Grease 2 Add the following ingredients and homogenize the mixture through a three-roll mill. Grease 3 according to the present invention In this case, 5% by weight of N1888 fsi is used and incorporated in the same manner.

[0097] Compared to base grease A, the specific electrical resistivity is reduced by approximately 10³. Surprisingly, grease 1 according to the present invention exhibits approximately 50% improved lifespan at 180°C compared to comparative grease 2 containing an ionic liquid that is not according to the present invention. Furthermore, grease according to the present invention meets the lifespan requirements of DIN 51821 1+2 at 200°C.

[0098] [Table 4-1] [Table 4-2]

[0099] [Table 5]

[0100] In a life test at 200°C, grease 1 according to the present invention shows a remarkable increase of more than 2.5 times in the life achieved, based on the L50 value. Similarly, grease 3 according to the present invention also shows a 50% increase in life compared to base grease A.

[0101] Example 5 Several greases and comparative greases according to the present invention are manufactured from base grease B.

[0102] Base grease B teeth, 84.5% by weight of trimellitic acid ester (TMSE-B) having linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups (with an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22) present in a 1:1 molar ratio, 13.5% by weight of urea thickener produced by reacting MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and octylamine in a 1.2 molar ratio, 1% by weight of p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, and 1% by weight of calcium sulfonate corrosion inhibitor additive. It consists of.

[0103] [Table 6]

[0104] Grease 6 according to the present invention exhibits an approximately 50% increase in lifespan compared to base grease B (comparative grease) while maintaining a very steep failure curve (high β value). Grease 7 according to the present invention exhibits an approximately 40% increase in lifespan.

[0105] All greases according to the present invention satisfy the requirements of DIN 51821 1+2 at 200°C because their L50 value exceeds 100 hours. This makes it possible to reduce electrical resistance (see table below) while maintaining an upper limit operating temperature of 200°C.

[0106] [Table 7]

[0107] The addition of IL P666(14)fsi significantly reduces the electrical resistivity. On the other hand, the cone penetration changes only slightly, indicating that the thickening effect is not hindered by the ionic liquid.

[0108] Example 6 The specific electrical resistivity of mixtures of P666(14)fsi or P666(14)bta in polyglycol was measured.

[0109] As polyglycol A, 220 mm 2 A polyglycol with a kinematic viscosity of 1 / s is used. This is a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a 1:1 (molar) ratio, with glycol used as a starter. The oxygen / carbon ratio is 0.53.

[0110] [Table 8]

[0111] [Table 9]

[0112] The table shows that the lubricant composition according to the present invention using P666(14)fsi yields a lower resistivity compared to P666(14)bta.

[0113] This was surprising, as the viscosity of P666(14)fsi is higher than that of P666(14)bta, as shown in the table below.

[0114] [Table 10]

[0115] This suggests that in the case of fsi, the ion pairs are actually more tightly bonded, meaning they have lower mobility and therefore should exhibit lower conductivity. However, as shown above, this is surprisingly not the case.

[0116] Example 7 The effect of N1888 fsi on the thermal oxidation stability of ester oils was investigated.

[0117] Trimellitate ester B (a trimellitate ester having linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups present in a ratio of approximately 1:1 (mol)) is used as the base oil, and p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine is used as the amine-based antioxidant (amine AO).

[0118] [Table 11-1] [Table 11-2]

[0119] Shear viscosity is measured according to DIN 53019-1.3 at 25°C with a shear rate of 300 1 / s. The open dish test is performed in a 50 mm diameter aluminum evaporating dish. Weigh 5 g ± 0.1 g. Measurement is performed in a circulating air oven. Measurement is performed over 24 / 48 / 72 hours. In each case, the evaporation loss is determined and the shear viscosity is measured.

[0120] Oils 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are lubricant compositions according to the present invention.

[0121] Comparing samples containing only P666(14)fsi (oils 6 and 5) with samples containing only amine AO ​​(oils 1 and 7), it can be seen that the onset of oxidation is significantly delayed by the ionic liquid.

[0122] Samples combining the amine antioxidant p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine with P666(14)fsi show significant positive effects on evaporation loss in TGA up to 300°C, oxidation initiation and onset in DSC, and evaporation values ​​in open-dish tests (see, for example, evaporation values ​​after 24 hours).

[0123] Example 8 Solubility tests of N1888 fsi were conducted in base oils containing base oils with different polarities. The results are shown in the table below.

[0124] [Table 12]

[0125] The base oil mixture used here is unsuitable for producing the lubricant composition according to the present invention because the proportion of base oil A is too low, and therefore the solubility of N1888 fsi is too low.

[0126] [Table 13]

[0127] The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing the lubricant composition according to the present invention because it contains a sufficient proportion of base oil A and therefore has sufficient solubility for N1888 fsi.

[0128] [Table 14]

[0129] The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing the lubricant composition according to the present invention because it contains a sufficient proportion of base oil A and therefore has sufficient solubility for N1888 fsi.

[0130] [Table 15]

[0131] [Table 16]

[0132] These examples demonstrate that the ionic liquid N1888 fsi is miscible with trimellitic acid esters over a very wide concentration range.

[0133] The base oil used here consists solely of base oil A, and therefore has very good solubility for N1888 fsi, making it suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0134] [Table 17]

[0135] The base oil used here is unsuitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention because it lacks the proportion of base oil A and therefore has insufficient solubility of N1888 fsi.

[0136] [Table 18]

[0137] The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing the lubricant composition according to the present invention because it contains a sufficient proportion of base oil A and therefore has sufficient solubility for N1888 fsi.

[0138] [Table 19]

[0139] The base oil used here is unsuitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention because it lacks the proportion of base oil A and therefore has insufficient solubility of N1888 fsi.

[0140] [Table 20]

[0141] The base oil used here consists solely of base oil A, and therefore has very good solubility for N1888 fsi, making it suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0142] N1888 fsi is found to dissolve readily, even in larger quantities, in base oils containing more than 50% by weight of polar base oil. The polar base oil is selected from esters and polyalkylene glycols produced using ethylene oxide as a component of the reaction mixture.

[0143] Example 9: Base grease C is used to produce a grease 9 that does not conform to the present invention: [Table 21]

[0144] Base grease C is assigned to NLGI class 1. The base oil is 130 mm at 40°C. 2 It has a kinematic viscosity of / s and is a non-polar mixture from mineral oil / PAO. The oxygen / carbon ratio is nearly 0. The thickener is a mixture from urea / calcium complex soap. In addition, it contains the usual additives for oxidation stabilization, improved load-bearing capacity, and protection from corrosion. Adding ionic liquids does not improve life, and the L50 value decreases further. It can be seen that no improvement is achieved with ionic liquids in greases whose base oils are non-polar (mineral oil and PAO).

[0145] Example 10 Lubricating grease D is manufactured with the following composition: 41% by weight trimellitic acid esters A, C9-C11 V 40, approximately 72mm 2 / s (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.20) 17 wt% PIB, approximately 1300 g / mol of Mn (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.0) determined by GPC. 20% by weight of alkylated diphenyl ether, V 40, approximately 100 mm 2 / s (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.04) Lithium complex thickener from 13% by weight of azelaic acid / 12-hydroxystearic acid 4% by weight of amine-based antioxidant 5% by weight additive for package corrosion prevention, AW, and EP.

[0146] The weight percentage of trimellitic acid ester A in the total base oil is 52.6% by weight.

[0147] [Table 22]

[0148] The composition according to the present invention offers advantages in terms of reduced resistivity, low-temperature behavior (fluid pressure), and avoidance of hardening when stored at 180°C (without increase in kinematic viscosity).

[0149] Example 11: N1888 FSI estolide solubility investigation in base oil [Table 23]

[0150] N1888 FSI is soluble in estrido-based oil within the concentration range investigated. Resistivity decreases as the amount of IL increases.

[0151] The base oil used here consists solely of base oil A, and therefore has sufficient solubility for N1888 fsi, making it suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0152] Evaluation of test results Overall, lubricant compositions containing FSI-based ionic liquids as anions, particularly greases, were demonstrated to achieve performance values ​​within the range of products containing BTA-based ionic liquids. Therefore, FSI-based ionic liquids are excellent alternatives to ionic liquids containing BTA. Furthermore, FSI-based additives have the advantage of not containing persistent CFx groups compared to additives containing BTA.

[0153] Experiments investigating P666(14)fsi in its pure form showed, as expected, lower thermal stability compared to P666(14)bta. This can be mainly explained by the lack of a strong carbon-fluorine bond within the anion, which affects the overall stability of the molecule.

[0154] Surprisingly, the performance difference between the two ionic liquids is significantly reduced when they are used as additives in grease. The tested property values ​​show that P666(14)fsi exhibits very similar performance to P666(14)bta in the observed grease systems. High and / or low temperature properties and conductivity criteria can be met by using the fsi material as an additive within the observed temperature range.

[0155] Furthermore, the lubricant composition according to the present invention can also meet the standards for corrosion stability.

[0156] Overall, lubricant compositions containing FSI-based ionic liquids were shown to be excellent alternatives to lubricant compositions containing BTA-containing ionic liquids in terms of their performance. Furthermore, the lubricant compositions according to the present invention do not contain persistent CFx groups and are therefore biodegradable.

[0157] Test method To determine the solubility of the ionic liquid N1888 fsi in a base oil, one or more base oils forming the base oil are placed in a beaker, and N1888 fsi is added at their respective concentrations. The mixture is stirred with a magnetic stirrer at 60°C for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is visually inspected and its electrical resistance is measured. N1888 fsi is insoluble in a base oil of a certain concentration if, when measured for turbidity at 25°C according to DIN EN ISO 7027-1:2016-11, the turbidity value is more than 1 FNU higher than the turbidity of the pure base oil. Similarly, N1888 fsi is insoluble in a base oil of a certain concentration if two or more phases are formed. N1888 fsi is insoluble in a certain concentration of base oil or substrate if, when measured at 25°C according to DIN EN ISO 7027-1:2016-11, its turbidity value is more than 1 FNU higher than the turbidity of the pure base oil or substrate. The Hach 2100AN IS is advantageously used as the measuring instrument.

[0158] Unless otherwise specified, a Stubinger viscometer conforming to ASTM D 7042 January 2021 edition is used to determine the kinematic viscosity at 40°C and 100°C, and the viscosity index and density at 40°C and 100°C.

[0159] Determination of carbon content: ASTM D 5291:2021 is used to determine the carbon content.

[0160] JPI-5S-68-11 is used to determine the oxygen content.

[0161] The oxygen / carbon weight ratio is obtained by dividing the oxygen mass fraction (weight %) determined according to JPI-5S-68-11 by the carbon mass fraction (weight %) determined according to ASTM D 5291:2021.

Claims

1. A lubricant composition, a) A base oil comprising 20 to 99.5% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the base oil has a solubility of at least 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C, and the base oil comprises at least 50% by weight of base oil A based on the total weight of the base oil, wherein the base oil A has a solubility of at least 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C, b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, an ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide A lubricant composition containing the following:

2. The lubricant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the base oil A is present in a proportion of 50 to 100% by weight and / or more than 55% by weight in each case, based on the total weight of the base oil.

3. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 40% by weight to 95% by weight.

4. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil A, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 10% by weight to 99.5% by weight.

5. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base oil A is an ester and / or polyglycol.

6. The lubricant composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the ester has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio greater than 0.1 and / or the polyglycol has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio greater than 0.

44.

7. The lubricant composition according to claim 5, wherein the polyglycol is selected from homopolymers and / or copolymers having unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in repeating units, the weight percentage of the unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymer is at least 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyglycol, and the terminal groups of the polyglycol are independently a hydroxide group and / or a C1-C20 alkoxide group.

8. The lubricant composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the ester is selected from carboxylic acid esters and mixtures thereof.

9. The lubricant composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 5 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic tri, tetra, and hexa alcohols having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, either individually or in mixtures, and / or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and aliphatic mono and / or dialcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, as well as estrids, aromatic tri and tetracarboxylic acids, aromatic esters of aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohols, either individually or in mixtures, and mixtures thereof.

10. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base oil contains base oil A in a mixture with base oil B, and base oil B has a solubility of less than 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C.

11. The lubricant composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the base oil B is a base oil B1 having a maximum oxygen / carbon weight ratio of 0.1, and / or the base oil B is a base oil B2 having a halogen and / or silicon content of more than 5% by weight based on the total weight of the base oil B2.

12. The lubricant composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the base oil B is selected from the group consisting of base oils of Group I, II, II+, III, IV and Group V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p.14ff].

13. The lubricant composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the proportion of base oil B is a maximum of 48% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is at least 50:

50.

14. The weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 50:50 to 60:40, and the proportion of the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 60:40 to 70:30, and the proportion of the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or base oil A to base oil B The lubricant composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the weight ratio of base oil B is 70:30 to 90:10, the proportion of the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 80:20 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

15. 20mm at 40℃ ２ / s ~ 1500mm ２ A lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by having a kinematic viscosity of / s.

16. where the ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetric and asymmetric ammonium ions, NR １ R ２ R ３ R ４ + and phosphonium ions PR １ R ２ R ３ R ４ + and residues R １ ~R ４ are, independently of one another, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted C １ -~C ２４ -alkyl groups or C ６ -~C ３０ -aryl groups, and the lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2.

17. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it does not contain an ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or contains an ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in an amount of up to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

18. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it does not contain an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group, or contains an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group in an amount of up to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

19. The ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphoniumbis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Chemistry 1】 Methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Chemistry 2】 Tributyltetradecylphosphonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Transformation 3】 Tetraoctylphosphonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Chemistry 4】 A lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by being selected from the group consisting of and mixtures thereof.

20. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains a thickening agent in an amount of 3 to 35% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

21. The lubricant composition according to claim 20, characterized in that the thickening agent is urea.

22. The lubricant composition according to claim 20, characterized in that the thickening agent is a diurea containing an aliphatic, cyclic aliphatic / aliphatic and / or cyclic aliphatic urea.

23. The lubricant composition according to claim 20, characterized in that the thickening agent is a lithium-compound soap.

24. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains an aromatic amine as an additive in a proportion of 0.5% to 23% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

25. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a lower limit operating temperature of -30°C or lower in accordance with IP 186, 2015 edition and / or an upper limit operating temperature of at least +160°C in accordance with DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition.

26. Use of the lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2 for lubrication of a drive element.

27. The use according to claim 26, characterized in that the drive element is selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, rolling bearings for electric motors, generators, wind turbines, industrial motors, auxiliary units for vehicles and / or joints for vehicles.

28. The use according to claim 26, characterized in that the lubricant composition is used for lubricating a drive element that requires a lower operating temperature of -30°C or less, in accordance with IP 186, 2015 edition, and / or an upper operating temperature of at least +160°C, as determined in accordance with DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition.

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